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G.lite: Formally G.992.2, G.lite is a standard way to install ADSL service. G.lite enables
connections speeds up to 1.5 Mbps downstream and 128 kbps upstream. G.lite does not
need a splitter at the user end because splitting is preformed at the remote end (the telephone
company).
Gateway: A point on the network, which is an entrance to another network. For example, a
router is a gateway that connects a LAN to a WAN.
Half Duplex: Data can be transmitted and received on the same signal medium, but not
simultaneously. Half Duplex lines are bi-directional.
HEC: Headed Error Control: ATM error checking by using a CRC algorithm on the fifth octet in
the ATM cell header to generate a check character. Using HEC, either a single bit error in the
header can be corrected or multiple bit errors in the header can be detected.
HNP: Home Network Processor.
Host: In context of Internet Protocol, a host computer is one that has full two-way access to
other computers on the Internet.
IAD: Integrated Access Device: A device that multiplexes and de-multiplexes communications
in the CPE onto and out of a single telephone line for transmission to the CO.
IP: Internet Protocol: The method by which information is sent from one computer to another
through the Internet. Each of these host computers has a unique IP address which
distinguishes it from all the other computers on the Internet. Each packet of data sent includes
the sender's IP address and the receiver's IP address.
LAN: Local Area Network: A group of computers, typically covering a small geographic area,
that share devices such as printers, hard disk drives, scanners, and optical drives. Computers
in a LAN typically share an Internet connection through some sort of router that connects the
computers to a WAN.
LLC: Logical Link Control: Provides an interface point to the MAC sub-layer. LLC
Encapsulation is needed when several protocols are carried over the same Virtual Circuit.
MAC Address: Media Access Control Address: A unique hardware number on a network
interface adapter of computer or device that identifies it and relates it to the IP address of that
device.
MC: Multicast: Communication involving a single sender and multiple specific receivers in a
network.
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