Page 1 Keysight N9321C/22C/23C/24C Spectrum Analyzer User’s Guide Distributed by: Sie haben Fragen oder wünschen eine Beratung? Angebotsanfrage unter 07121 / 51 50 50 oder über info@datatec.de...
Page 2 COVERING THE MATERIAL IN THIS DOCUMENT THAT CONFLICT WITH government requirements THESE TERMS, THE WARRANTY beyond those set forth in the © Keysight Technologies, Inc. TERMS IN THE SEPARATE EULA shall apply, except to the 2012-2021 AGREEMENT WILL CONTROL. extent that those terms, rights, or...
Page 3: Table Of Contents
Contents Overview N932xC at a Glance Features Optimized Usability Front Panel Overview Display Annotations Rear Panel Overview Front and rear panel symbols Getting Started Check the Shipment and Order List Options Safety Notice Power Requirements AC Power Cord Power On and Check Check for Instrument Messages Environmental Requirements Ventilation...
Page 4 Contents Firmware Upgrade IO Configuration Timed Power On/Off Power Preset Last Data Securities Probe Power Output Functions and Measurements Making a Basic Measurement Using the Front Panel Presetting the Spectrum Analyzer Viewing a Signal Measuring Multiple Signals Comparing Signals on the Same Screen Using Marker Delta Comparing Signals not on the Same Screen Using Marker Delta Resolving Signals of Equal Amplitude Resolving Small Signals Hidden by Large Signals...
Page 5 Contents Stimulus Response Transmission Measuring Stop Band Attenuation of a Lowpass Filter Channel Scanner Top/Bottom N Channel Scanner List N Channel Scanner Channel Scanner Setup Spectrum Monitor Reflection Measurement Preparation Measuring Cable Reflection Measuring Distance to Fault Making a Power Measurement with USB Power Sensor Making an Average Power Measurement Making a Peak Power Measurement Power Meter Settings...
Page 6 Contents Saving a File Loading a File Copying a File Deleting a File Key Reference Amplitude Display Enter ESC <- Frequency Marker Meas Channel Power Occupied BW ACPR Spectrum Emission Mask MODE Tracking Generator Power Meter Spectrum Monitor Reflection Measurement AM/FM Modulation Analysis ASK/FSK Modulation Analysis...
Page 7 Limit Trace/Det Instrument Messages Overview Command Errors Execution Conflict Device-Specific Errors Troubleshooting Check the Basics Warranty and Service Options Contact Keysight Technologies Menu Maps Amplitude Menu BW Menu Sweep Menu Display Menu File/Mode - Task Planner Frequency Menu Limit Menu...
Page 8 Contents Marker Menu Peak Search Menu Measure Menu (1 of 2) Measure Menu (2 of 2) Mode - Tracking Generator Mode - Power Meter Mode - AM/FM Modulation Analysis Mode - ASK/FSK Modulation Analysis Mode - Reflection Measurement Name Editor Menu System Menu SPAN Menu Trace/Det Menu...
Page 9: Overview
This chapter provides a description of the Keysight N932xC spectrum analyzer and an introduction to the buttons, features, and functions of the front and rear instrument panels. For the latest product information, please refer to the link below: http://www.keysight.com/find/n9321c http://www.keysight.com/find/n9322c http://www.keysight.com/find/n9323c http://www.keysight.com/find/n9324c For the latest option information, please refer to the link below: http://www.keysight.com/find/sa_upgrades...
Page 10: N932Xc At A Glance
N932xC at a Glance The Keysight N932xC spectrum analyzer is a portable, swept spectrum analyzer with a maximum frequency from 4.0 GHz(N9321C) up to 20 GHz(N9324C). It can be widely used in an electronic manufacturing environment and in functional/final/QA test systems.
Page 11: Optimized Usability
• Tracking Generator (Option TG4/TG7) provides an RF source for scalar network analysis. • Baseband Channel (Option BB1 for N9321C/22C) Provides superior DANL and SSB between 9 kHz to 10 MHz. • Cable & Antenna Test (Option RM4/7; requires option TG4/7) Provides VSWR, return loss, cable loss and distance-to-fault function for reflection measurement.
Page 12: Front Panel Overview
Overview Front Panel Overview Front Panel Overview N9322C 9kHz - 7.0 GHz Spectrum Analayzer Trace/ Disp Preset Frequency User Peak Limit System Span M arker Search Sw eep Save Shift Amplitude M ode M eas File M NO · Enter Remote Local Standby...
Page 13 Overview Front Panel Overview • Disp - User accesses the submenu to recall the frequently used user-defined state, or control what is displayed on the analyzer, including the display line, graticule and annotation after pressing Shift. • Mode selects the measurement mode according to the activated options.
Page 14 Overview Front Panel Overview RF IN connector receives the signal input. The maximum damage level is average continuous power +33 dBm or DC voltage 50 VDC. The impedance is 50 W. (N-type female). PROBE POWER connector provides power for high-impedance AC probes or other accessories (+15 V, –12 V, 150 mA maximum).
Page 15: Display Annotations
Overview Front Panel Overview Display Annotations Item Description Notes (Associated function key) Average Type [BW] > Average Type Reference Offset [Amplitude] > Ref Offset Amplitude scale [Amplitude] > Scale Type [Amplitude] > Ref Level Reference level Display Line [Disp] > Display Line Time and date display [System] >...
Page 16 Overview Front Panel Overview Softkey menu Refer to Key Reference for details. Dependent on current function key selection. Frequency span [SPAN] Sweep time [Sweep] > Sweep Time Frequency offset [Frequency] > Freq Offset Video bandwidth [BW] > Video BW Display status line Display status and instrument messages.
Page 17: Rear Panel Overview
Overview Rear Panel Overview Rear Panel Overview SERIAL LABEL ATTACH HERE HIPOT LABEL ATTACH HERE OCXO REF OUT ~100-240 V 10MHz 50/ 60 Hz 100 W MAX REF IN REF OUT TRIG IN 10MHz 10MHz T T L Kensington Lock lock the instrument and keep its safety. USB Host connector provides a connection between the analyzer and an PC for remote control.
Page 18: Front And Rear Panel Symbols
Overview Front and rear panel symbols Front and rear panel symbols The instruction manual symbol: indicates that the user must refer to specific instructions in the manual. The CE mark: a registered trademark of the European Community. Shows that this is an Industrial Scientific and Medical Group 1 Class A ISM1-A product.
Page 19: Getting Started
Getting Started Getting Started Check the Shipment and Order List Safety Notice Power Requirements Power On and Check Environmental Requirements Electrostatic Discharge Protection Helpful Tips This chapter helps you in preparing the spectrum analyzer for use and provides the information to start using the spectrum analyzer correctly.
Page 20: Check The Shipment And Order List
Retain the shipping materials for future use, as you may wish to ship the analyzer to another location or to Keysight Technologies for service. Verify that the contents of the shipping container are complete. Shipping Problems?
Page 21: Safety Notice
Getting Started Safety Notice Safety Notice Read the following warnings and cautions carefully before powering on the spectrum analyzer to ensure personal and instrument safety. Always use a well-grounded, three-pin AC power cord to connect to power WA RNING source. Personal injury may occur if there is any interruption of the AC power cord.
Page 22: Power Requirements
Getting Started Power Requirements Power Requirements The spectrum analyzer has an auto-ranging line voltage input. The AC power supply must meet the following requirements: Vol tage: 100 to 240 VAC Frequency: 50 to 60 Hz Power: Maximum 100 W AC Power Cord The analyzer is equipped with a three-wire power cord, in accordance with international safety standards.
Page 23: Power Requirements
Getting Started Power Requirements AC Power Cords Plug Type Cable Part For use in Plug Number Country & Region Description 8121-1703 BS 1363/A Option 900 United Kingdom, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia 250V 10A 8120-0696 AS 3112:2000 Option 901 Australia, New Zealand 250V 10A 8120-1692 IEC 83 C4...
Page 24: Power On And Check
Getting Started Power On and Check Power On and Check Connect the AC power cord into the instrument. Insert the plug into a power socket provided with a protective ground. Set the tilt adjusters for your preference. Figure 1 Plug in and angle ad justment Press the AC line switch on the rear panel.
Page 25: Check For Instrument Messages
Getting Started Power On and Check Check for Instrument Messages The spectrum analyzer has two categories of instrument messages: error and warning messages. A error message is triggered by operation errors, for example, parameter setting conflicts or data input that is out of the range of a parameter. An warning message may be triggered by hardware defects which could result in damage to instrument.
Page 26: Environmental Requirements
Getting Started Environmental Requirements Environmental Requirements Keysight Technologies has designed this product for use in Installation Category II, Pollution Degree 2, per IEC 61010-1. Keysight has designed the spectrum analyzer for use under the following conditions: • Indoor use • Altitude < 3,000 meters •...
Page 27: Rack Mount
Getting Started Environmental Requirements Rack Mount It is recommended to use the Keysight rack mount kit (option 1CM) to install the spectrum analyzer into a rack. Do not attempt to rack mount the spectrum analyzer by the front panel handles only. This rack mount kit allows mounting of the spectrum analyzer with or without handles.
Page 28 Getting Started Environmental Requirements Attach rackmount flange and front handle assembly with 3 screws per side. Attach the spectrum analyzer to the rack using the rackmount flanges with two dress screws per side. Installing the spectrum analyzers into other racks may promote shock C A U T I O N hazards, overheating, dust contamination, and inferior system performance.
Page 29: Electrostatic Discharge Protection
Getting Started Electrostatic Discharge Protection Electrostatic Discharge Protection Electrostatic discharge (ESD) damages or destroys electronic components (the possibility of unseen damage caused by ESD is present whenever transported, stored, or while the instrument is in use). This product contains components that are easily damaged by electrostatic discharge.
Page 30: Hsa And Bsa Pc Software
PC. It also provides some data analysis function for your further use. You can get this software from the URL below: http://www.keysight.com/find/n9321c. To connect the analyzer in the PC software via the USB/LAN port, please N O T E configure the analyzer in the Keysight IO libraries suite first.
Page 31: Helpful Tips
Getting Started Helpful Tips Helpful Tips The following contains information to help in using and maintaining the instrument for optimum operation, including alignment, external reference, firmware update and option activation. Perform Calibration The N932xC provides three manual calibration function to calibrate the time base and amplitude.
Page 32: Using An External Reference
Getting Started Helpful Tips Amplitude Calibration The analyzer provides the internal amplitude calibration function. Please refer to the procedures below to perform an amplitude calibration: 1 Press [System] > More > Service > Calibration > Amp Alignment 2 Connect the CAL OUT and RF IN connector with a N-BNC cable. Then Press [Enter] to continue.
Page 33: Firmware Upgrade
Helpful Tips Firmware Upgrade Press [System] > System Info > Show system to view the firmware revision. If you call Keysight Technologies regarding your analyzer, it is helpful to have this revision and the analyzer serial number available. Follow this procedure to finish the firmware update: Download the firmware package from www.keysight.com/find/n9321c.
Page 34: Io Configuration
Getting Started Helpful Tips IO Configuration The N932xC spectrum analyzer provides three types of IO connection: USB, LAN and optional GPIB interface. Press [System] > More > Port Setting to set the corresponding interface as your need. Select USB to enable the USB connection for remote control. The N932xC supports LAN port connection for remote control.
Page 35: Power Preset Last
Getting Started Helpful Tips Power Preset Last Press [System] > {Pwr On/Preset} > {Power On Last} to activate this function. For the standard N932xC, this operation only save the last state if the analyzer is turned off by the front panel power switch. Data Securities The N932xC offers the optional memory erase function for data security.
Page 36 Getting Started Helpful Tips...
Page 37: Functions And Measurements
Functions and Measurements Functions and Measurements Making a Basic Measurement Measuring Multiple Signals Measuring a Low-Level Signal Improving Frequency Resolution and Accuracy Tracking Drifting Signals Making Distortion Measurements Stimulus Response Transmission Measuring Stop Band Attenuation of a Lowpass Filter Channel Scanner Spectrum Monitor Reflection Measurement Making a Power Measurement with USB Power Sensor...
Page 38: Making A Basic Measurement
Functions and Measurements Making a Basic Measurement Making a Basic Measurement This section provides information on basic operations. It assumes that you are familiar with the front and top panel buttons and keys, and display annotations of your analyzer. If you are not, please "Front Panel Overview"...
Page 39: Presetting The Spectrum Analyzer
Functions and Measurements Making a Basic Measurement Ad just Highlights the softkey and sets the active function. Presetting the Spectrum Analyzer Preset function provides a known instrument status for making measurements. There are two types of presets, DFT (default), user and last: Press System >...
Page 40: Viewing A Signal
Functions and Measurements Making a Basic Measurement Viewing a Signal Refer to the procedures below to view a signal. Press System > Pow on/off Preset > Preset Type > DFT to enable the factory-defined preset state. Press Preset to restore the analyzer to its factory-defined state. Connect the 10 MHz REF OUT on the rear panel to the front-panel RF IN.
Page 41 Functions and Measurements Making a Basic Measurement Note that the frequency and amplitude of the marker appear both in the active function block, and in the upper-right corner of the screen. Figure 3-1 10 MHz Internal Reference Signal Marker Annotation Marker 10.000000 MHz 0.43 dBm...
Page 42: Measuring Multiple Signals
Functions and Measurements Measuring Multiple Signals Measuring Multiple Signals This section provides the information on how to measure multiple signals. Comparing Signals on the Same Screen Using Marker Delta The delta marker function allows the user to compare two signals when both appear on the screen at the same time.
Page 43 Functions and Measurements Measuring Multiple Signals Move the second marker to another signal peak using the front-panel knob or by using Peak Search. Press Peak Search > Next Peak or Press Peak Search > Next Right Pk or Next Left Pk. Continue pressing the Next Pk softkeys until the marker is on the correct signal peak.
Page 44: Comparing Signals Not On The Same Screen Using Marker Delta
Functions and Measurements Measuring Multiple Signals Comparing Signals not on the Same Screen Using Marker Delta The analyzer will compare the frequency and amplitude differences between two signals which are not displayed on the screen at the same time. (This technique is useful for harmonic distortion tests.) In this example, the analyzer’s 10 MHz signal is used to measure frequency and amplitude differences between a signal on screen, and another signal off screen.
Page 45 Functions and Measurements Measuring Multiple Signals Figure 3-3 shows the reference annotation for the delta marker (1R) at the left side of the display, indicating that the marker set at the 50 MHz reference signal is at a lower frequency than the frequency range currently displayed.
Page 46: Resolving Signals Of Equal Amplitude
Functions and Measurements Measuring Multiple Signals Resolving Signals of Equal Amplitude In this example a decrease in the resolution bandwidth (RBW) is used in combination with a decrease in video bandwidth (VBW) to resolve two signals of equal amplitude with a frequency separation of 100 kHz.
Page 47 Functions and Measurements Measuring Multiple Signals If the signal peak is not present on the display, increase the frequency span out to 20 MHz, turn signal tracking on, decrease the span back to 2 MHz and turn signal tracking off: Press Span >...
Page 48 Functions and Measurements Measuring Multiple Signals Decreasing the resolution bandwidth improves the resolution of the individual signals and increases the sweep time. Figure 3-6 Resolving Signals of Equal Amplitude For fastest measurement times, use the widest possible resolution bandwidth. Under factory preset conditions, the resolution bandwidth is coupled to the span.
Page 49: Resolving Small Signals Hidden By Large Signals
Functions and Measurements Measuring Multiple Signals Resolving Small Signals Hidden by Large Signals This example uses narrow resolution bandwidths to resolve two RF signals that have a frequency separation of 50 kHz and an amplitude difference of 60 dB. Connect two sources to the RF IN as shown in Figure 3-4.
Page 50 Functions and Measurements Measuring Multiple Signals Figure 3-7 Unresolved small signal from large signal Reduce the resolution bandwidth filter to view the smaller signal. The smaller signal will be hidden by the larger signal when the bandwidth settings are wider. Reducing the RBW setting will allow less of the larger signal to pass through the analyzer and the smaller signals peak will then rise out of the noise floor.
Page 51 Functions and Measurements Measuring Multiple Signals Press 50 > kHz Figure 3-8 Resolved small signal from large signal The 1 kHz filter shape factor of 15:1 has a bandwidth of 15 kHz at the 60 N O T E dB point. The half-bandwidth (7.5 kHz) is narrower than the frequency separation of 50 kHz, so the input signals can be resolved.
Page 52: Measuring A Low-Level Signal
Functions and Measurements Measuring a Low-Level Signal Measuring a Low-Level Signal This section provides information on measuring low-level signals and distinguishing them from spectrum noise. Reducing Input Attenuation The ability to measure a low-level signal is limited by internally generated noise of the spectrum analyzer. The analyzers input attenuator affects the level of a signal passing through the analyzer.
Page 53 Functions and Measurements Measuring a Low-Level Signal Press Frequency > 300 > MHz Press Span > 2 > MHz Press Amplitude > 40 > –dBm. Move the desired peak to the center of the display: Press Peak Search Press Marker > Marker To > To Center Reduce the span to 500 kHz, if necessary re-center the peak: Press Span >...
Page 54: Decreasing The Resolution Bandwidth
Functions and Measurements Measuring a Low-Level Signal A lower attenuation value will mean that more of the signal strength will be displayed on screen: Press Amplitude > Attenuation > 0 > dB Figure 3-11Measuring a low-level signal using 0 dB Attenuation Decreasing the Resolution Bandwidth Resolution bandwidth settings affect the level of internal noise but have little affect on the displayed level of continuous wave (CW)
Page 55: Trace Averaging
Functions and Measurements Measuring a Low-Level Signal Figure 3-12Decreasing Resolution Bandwidth A “#” mark appears next to the Res BW annotation in the lower left corner of the screen, indicating that the resolution bandwidth is uncoupled. Uncoupled indicates that the function is in manual control mode, not auto control mode.
Page 56 Functions and Measurements Measuring a Low-Level Signal be included in the process. The averaging function uses the most recent trace sweep values so that the display shows any signal changes. Selecting averaging, when the analyzer is auto-coupled, changes the detection mode to Sample, smoothing the displayed noise level. This is a trace processing function and is not the same as using the N O T E page 47...
Page 57: Improving Frequency Resolution And Accuracy
Functions and Measurements Improving Frequency Resolution and Accuracy Improving Frequency Resolution and Accuracy This section provides information on using the frequency counter function to improve frequency resolution and accuracy. Press Preset (With Preset Type of DFT) Connect a cable from the front panel CAL OUT to RF IN; Press System >...
Page 58 Functions and Measurements Improving Frequency Resolution and Accuracy The marker readout in the active frequency function changes while the counted frequency result (upper-right corner of display) does not. For an accurate count, the marker need not be placed at the exact peak of the signal response.
Page 59: Tracking Drifting Signals
Functions and Measurements Tracking Drifting Signals Tracking Drifting Signals This section provides information on measuring and tracking signals that drift in frequency. Measuring a Source’s Frequency Drift The analyzer will measure source stability. The maximum amplitude level and the frequency drift of an input signal trace can be displayed and held by using the maximum hold function.
Page 60 Functions and Measurements Tracking Drifting Signals As the signal varies, maximum hold maintains the maximum responses of the input signal. Annotation on the left side of the screen indicates the trace mode. For example, M1 S2 S3 S4, indicates trace 1 is in maximum-hold mode, trace 2, trace 3, and trace 4 are in store-blank mode.
Page 61: Making Distortion Measurements
Functions and Measurements Making Distortion Measurements Making Distortion Measurements This section provides information on measuring and identifying signal distortion. Identifying Analyzer Generated Distortion High-level input signals may cause analyzer distortion products that could mask the real distortion measured on the input signal. Use trace and the RF input attenuator to determine which signals, if any, are internally generated distortion products.
Page 62 Functions and Measurements Making Distortion Measurements The signal produces harmonic products (spaced 200 MHz from the original 200 MHz signal) in the analyzer input mixer as shown in Figure 3-16 Change the center frequency to the value of the first harmonic: Press Peak Search >...
Page 63 Functions and Measurements Making Distortion Measurements Notice the Marker' amplitude readout. This is the difference of the distortion product amplitude between 0 dB and 10 dB input attenuation settings. If the Markerabsolute amplitude is approximately 1 dB for an input attenuator change, the analyzer ...
Page 64: Third-Order Intermodulation Distortion
Functions and Measurements Making Distortion Measurements Third-Order Intermodulation Distortion Two-tone, third-order intermodulation distortion is a common specification in communication systems. When two signals are present in a non-linear system, they may interact and create third-order intermodulation distortion (TOI) products that are located close to the original signals.
Page 65 Functions and Measurements Making Distortion Measurements Set one source (signal generator) to 300 MHz and the other source to 301 MHz, for a frequency separation of 1 MHz. Set the sources equal in amplitude as measured by the analyzer (in this example, they are set to –5 dBm).
Page 66 Functions and Measurements Making Distortion Measurements Measure the difference between this test signal and the second Figure 3-17 distortion product (see Press Marker > Mode > Delta Press Peak Search > Next Peak Figure 3-17Measuring the Distortion Product...
Page 67: Stimulus Response Transmission
Functions and Measurements Stimulus Response Transmission Stimulus Response Transmission The procedure below describes using the built-in tracking generator of the analyzer to measure the rejection of a low pass filter. A type of transmission measurement. To measure the rejection of a low pass filter, connect the Figure 3-18 equipment as shown in .
Page 68 Functions and Measurements Stimulus Response Transmission To reduce ripples caused by source return loss, use 6 dB or greater N O T E output attenuation. Tracking generator output attenuation is normally a function of the source power selected. However, the output attenuation may be controlled in the Tracking Generator menu.
Page 69 Functions and Measurements Stimulus Response Transmission The marker readout displays the rejection of the filter at 160 MHz Figure 3-19 above the cutoff frequency of the low pass filter. See as below. Figure 3-19Measure the Rejection Range...
Page 70: Measuring Stop Band Attenuation Of A Lowpass Filter
Functions and Measurements Measuring Stop Band Attenuation of a Lowpass Filter Measuring Stop Band Attenuation of a Lowpass Filter When measuring filter performance, it is useful to look at the stimulus response over a wide frequency range. Setting the analyzer y-axis (amplitude) to Log scale type presents the measurement data in a usable format for determining filter characteristics.
Page 71 Functions and Measurements Measuring Stop Band Attenuation of a Lowpass Filter Set the resolution bandwidth to 10 kHz: Press BW > 10 > KHz Excessive signal input may damage the DUT. Do not exceed the C A U T I O N maximum power that the device under test can tolerate.
Page 72 Functions and Measurements Measuring Stop Band Attenuation of a Lowpass Filter Use the front-panel knob to place the marker at the highest peak in the stop band to determine the minimum stop band attenuation. In this example, the peak occurs with Delta of 563 MHz. The Figure 3-21 attenuation is -60.93 dB.
Page 73: Channel Scanner
Functions and Measurements Channel Scanner Channel Scanner The channel scanner - option SCN is a tool for coverage test, band clearance, and spectrum monitoring. It measures the channel power of multiple transmitted channels. The power is displayed via either the graphic bar chart or time bar chart. It allows you to set maximum 20 channels for your test.
Page 74 Functions and Measurements Channel Scanner Toggle Edit Method to underline Std. It allows you to set the range according to the embedded communication standard, such as CDMA and GSM which is used specifically in different countries. Press Signal Std to select the standard. Press Recall as a terminator.
Page 75: List N Channel Scanner
Functions and Measurements Channel Scanner List N Channel Scanner The List N channel scan is used for listing the frequency channels from specific channel standard or customized frequency bandwidth. Please refer to the procedures below to perform a List N channel scanner measurement.
Page 76 Functions and Measurements Channel Scanner 6 Press Logging Start to start recording the scan process which includes the channel power and related channel bandwidth value to a CSV file. Press Logging Stop to end the logging. The CSV file will be saved immediately. Please make sure the file catalog is set to INT or USB unless the logging file N O T E can not be saved successfully.
Page 77: Channel Scanner Setup
Functions and Measurements Channel Scanner Channel Scanner Setup To customized the channel scan process, you can press Meas > Channel Scanner > Setup to set the measurement interval and rule in the submenu. The Meas Interval is a value of time/distance during which the every two scan process is triggered.
Page 78: Spectrum Monitor
Functions and Measurements Spectrum Monitor Spectrum Monitor The scrolling three-dimensional display is noted for its ability to track the frequency and power behavior over the time, particularly intermittent signals. The spectrum monitor is used to analyze the stability of a signal over the time, or to identify intermittent interference signals in communications systems.
Page 79 Functions and Measurements Spectrum Monitor Press SPAN > 5 > MHz 3 Turn on the spectrum monitor function. Press Meas > Spectrum Monitor. 4 Set the update interval time between two frames. Press Update Int. On, rotating the knob or pressing numeric key- pads to set the update interval time.
Page 80: Reflection Measurement
Functions and Measurements Reflection Measurement Reflection Measurement Press MODE > Reflection Measurement to access the cable and antenna measurement submenu. There are three different measurement modes for your selection: • Reflection measurement • One port cable loss • Distance to fault Preparation Before making a measurement in a specific mode, the HSA requires a calibration to make sure the measurement accuracy.
Page 81: Measuring Cable Reflection
Functions and Measurements Reflection Measurement connect the Open component of the T-combo calibrator to the RF OUT connector of the analyzer. Press ENTER to start the open calibration. 2 Follow the instruction to connect the short component of the T-combo calibrator to the RF OUT connector of the tester. Press ENTER to start the short calibration.
Page 82 Functions and Measurements Reflection Measurement Perform a DTF measurement To make a DTF-return loss measurement over a frequency range of 50 to 400 MHz, perform the following steps: 1 Press the MODE > Reflection Measurement > Distance To Fault to select the DTF mode.
Page 83: Making A Power Measurement With Usb Power Sensor
Functions and Measurements Making a Power Measurement with USB Power Sensor Making a Power Measurement with USB Power Sensor The N932xC spectrum analyzer supports the U2000 and U2020 series USB power sensors. The U2000 series USB power sensors do not need manual calibration and zero routines performed.
Page 84: Making An Average Power Measurement
Functions and Measurements Making a Power Measurement with USB Power Sensor Making an Average Power Measurement The average power measurements provide a key metric in transmitter performance. Base station transmit power must be set accurately to achieve optimal coverage in wireless networks. If the transmit power is set too high due to inaccurate power measurements, undesired interference can occur.
Page 85 Functions and Measurements Making a Power Measurement with USB Power Sensor Calibrating the power meter every time you cycle the power on and off. In most situations, you can press Zero to complete the two steps (zero and cal) together. Follow the steps below to make a basic average power measurement.
Page 86 Functions and Measurements Making a Power Measurement with USB Power Sensor Press General Setup > Freq to set the power frequency for the DUT. The current frequency will display in the bottom line. Press Power Range > Auto Power to toggles the measurement range between On and Off.
Page 87: Making A Peak Power Measurement
Functions and Measurements Making a Power Measurement with USB Power Sensor Making a Peak Power Measurement The Keysight U2020 X-series USB peak and average power sensors enable peak power measurements that have the same accuracy as measurements obtained using traditional peak power meters, while providing the advantages of being a very compact and portable form factor.
Page 88 Functions and Measurements Making a Power Measurement with USB Power Sensor The analyzer provide the customer preset function with U2020 X-series power sensor. Press Meas > Preset and the predefined protocol list will pop up. Select the wanted item and press Preset as a terminator.
Page 89: Power Meter Settings
Functions and Measurements Making a Power Measurement with USB Power Sensor Power Meter Settings Please find the sections below to find the general power meter measurement settings. Setting the Power Meter Top and Bottom End-Points Setting the end points (Disk Range) close to expected measurement value changes the sensitivity of the Power Meter scale resolution.
Page 90 Functions and Measurements Making a Power Measurement with USB Power Sensor Set the Step Detection Press Meas > General Setup > Average > Step Detect to set the step Detect On and Off. When it is set to on, the filter will re-initialize upon detection of a step increase or decrease in the measured power to reduce the filter settling time after a significant step in the measured power, Step detection can be set in both manual and...
Page 91 Functions and Measurements Making a Power Measurement with USB Power Sensor Slope Select the positive or negative slope type to determine if the trigger event is recognized on the rising or falling edge of a signal respectively. Holdoff Set the holdoff time to disable the trigger mechanism after a trigger event occurs.
Page 92: Demodulate The Am/Fm Signal
Functions and Measurements Demodulate the AM/FM signal Demodulate the AM/FM signal The N932xC spectrum analyzer provides the AM/FM demodulation function for the AM/FM signal demodulation. Demodulating an AM Signal The demodulation function allows you to demodulate and hear signal information displayed on the analyzer. Simply place a marker on a signal of interest, set the analyzer in zero span, activate AM demodulation, turn the speaker on, and then listen.
Page 93: Demodulating An Fm Signal
Functions and Measurements Demodulate the AM/FM signal Demodulating an FM Signal This section demonstrates how to demodulate and listen to an FM signal using the built-in FM demodulator. Using the built in FM demodulator you can tune to an FM signal and view the results of the detector output as displayed in the time-domain.
Page 94 Functions and Measurements Demodulate the AM/FM signal Listen to the FM signal: Press Demod Setting > Speaker Vol, rotate the knob to adjust the speaker volume. The headphone jack is available for the audio signal output alternatively.
Page 95: Analysis The Modulated Signals
Functions and Measurements Analysis the Modulated Signals Analysis the Modulated Signals The N932xC spectrum analyzer provides the optional AM/FM (Option AMA) and ASK/FSK (Option-DMA) modulation analysis function for analysis the modulated signals. These functions can be activated by license keys. AM/FM Modulation Analysis Optional AM/FM demodulation analysis provides modulation metrics, including carrier power, modulation rate, AM depth/FM...
Page 96 Functions and Measurements Analysis the Modulated Signals 6 Set the AM depth limit and turn on the limit function: Press Shift > Limit > AM Depth UP > 51 > % > AM Depth Low > 49 > % > Limits on The red value in the result indicates the demodulated AM depth exceeds the limits set as above.
Page 97 Functions and Measurements Analysis the Modulated Signals 6 Set the FM deviation limit and turn on the limit function: Press Shift > Limits > FreqDev UP > 11 > % > FreqDev Low > 9.9 > % > Limits on The red value in the result indicates the demodulated FM devia- tion exceeds the limits set as above.
Page 98: Ask/Fsk Modulation Analysis
Functions and Measurements Analysis the Modulated Signals ASK/FSK Modulation Analysis The ASK/FSK modulation analysis function supports four display modes: • Symbol • Waveform • ASK/FSK Error • Eye Diagram. User definable limits provide Pass/Fail indicators of four types: • Maximum carrier power •...
Page 99 Functions and Measurements Analysis the Modulated Signals Press Amplitude > Attenuation Auto 7 Press Shift > Disp > Y Scale > Scale Coupling On to set the Y scale auto coupling. 8 Setting the ASK depth limit and turn on the limit function: Press Shift >...
Page 100 Functions and Measurements Analysis the Modulated Signals 3 Press Frequency > Carrier Freq > 100 > MHz to set the carrier frequency. 4 Press Meas > Symbol Rate > 10 > ksps to set the symbol rate. 5 Press Filter Setup > Ref Filter > Nyquist to set the filter type. 6 Set the attenuation state to Auto (default): Press Amplitude >...
Page 101: Measuring Channel Power
Functions and Measurements Measuring Channel Power Measuring Channel Power Channel Power measures the power and power spectral density in the specified channel bandwidth. A white frame on the display indicates the edge limits of the channel bandwidth. The user must specify the center frequency, reference level, and channel bandwidth to be used for the measurement.
Page 102 Functions and Measurements Measuring Channel Power Press Center Freq to change the center frequency of the current signal channel. Adjust the center frequency to measure other channel power in the same standard. Please follow the similar procedure as above to measure the channel power in the CDMA and LTE standard.
Page 103: Perform An Emc Measurement
Functions and Measurements Perform an EMC Measurement Perform an EMC Measurement Please refer to the procedures below to perform an EMC measurement (Option EMC required). This procedure contains the primary four parts as below: • Scan in CISPR band with CISPR RBW and peak detector •...
Page 104 Functions and Measurements Perform an EMC Measurement Press [Shift] > [Limit/Sweep] > {Limit 1} > {Recall Limit} to load a CISPR limit line from memory. You can edit a limit line file by pressing [Shift] > {Limit} > {Limit 1} > {Edit N O T E limit}, or in HSA and BSA PC software by clicking {File} >...
Page 105: Files Operation
Functions and Measurements Files Operation Files Operation The analyzer will store and retrieve data files similar to using a PC. The analyzer allows you to view and save files in the internal storage of the analyzer or to a USB storage device. This section provides information on how to locate catalogs (file types) and to save files.
Page 106: Saving A File
Functions and Measurements Files Operation Saving a File The analyzer allows you to save files (states, traces, limits or screens) to a USB storage device (USB/), or internal storage (INT/). The following is an example of how to save a trace to internal storage (INT/).
Page 107 Functions and Measurements Files Operation decimal numbers appended to the alphabetic file name, such as HYSCREEN, HYSCREEN_1 and consecutive decimal numbers appended to the alphabetic file name. Saving a User State The analyzer allows you to recall the frequently used state file with User hardkey.
Page 108: Loading A File
Functions and Measurements Files Operation Loading a File This feature will recall (load) onto the displayed screen a previously saved filename and type compatible with this analyzer. The file types are described above. Press File > Directory > {Memory Type} to select a directory. Rotate the knob to highlight a file.
Page 109: Copying A File
Functions and Measurements Files Operation Copying a File To copy a file from internal storage to a USB storage device, follow this procedure: Connect a USB storage device to the USB connector. Press File > Directory > Memory Type to select the path to INT. Select the type of file.
Page 110 Functions and Measurements Files Operation...
Page 111: Key Reference
Key Reference Key Reference This chapter describes each front panel hardkey and their associated softkeys (menus). The front panel key descriptions are organized alphabetically. The lower level softkeys are listed as they appear in the softkey menus.
Page 112: Amplitude
Key Reference Amplitude Amplitude Press Amplitude hardkey to activate the reference level function and access the amplitude softkey menu. The softkey menu selections are described as follows: Ref Level Sets the reference level. This function is activated when Amplitude is pressed. The reference level is the amplitude power or voltage represented by the top line of the graticule on the display.
Page 113 Key Reference Amplitude Scale Type Scales the vertical graticule divisions in logarithmic units when Log Log Lin is selected. The valid logarithmic units are 1, 2, 5 and 10 dB per division. When Lin is underlined, the vertical divisions are linearly scaled with default amplitude units of volts.
Page 114 Key Reference Amplitude Corrections Accesses the corrections submenu to enable the corrections function for amplitude compensation. The amplitude correction is used to compensate the gain/attenuation from antenna/cable. Please refer to the procedures below to use the amplitude correction function. 1 Please refer to the procedures below to create a correction file in BSA PC software.
Page 115 Key Reference Amplitude 2 Set a folder named N932xDATA in a USB disk and put the saved correction file in. Insert the USB disk on top panel for further loading. 3 Press Amplitude > More > Corrections to access the correction function.
Page 116 Key Reference This hardkey activates the resolution bandwidth function and accesses the softkey menus that control the bandwidth and averaging functions. Res BW controls the 3 dB resolution bandwidth of the analyzer from 10 Hz Auto Man to 3 MHz using the knob or arrow keys. There are four available bandwidths less than 1 kHz are 10, 30, 100 Hz or 300 Hz.
Page 117 Key Reference ratio by using the arrow keys, knob, or numeric keypad. When VBW/RBW (Auto) is selected, the ratio is determined automatically Figure 5 by the rules in Figure 5VBW/RBW Ratio Auto Rules Is Detector peak Is Trace Ratio=10 or Negative peak? Average On? Ratio=1 Is Avg Type...
Page 118 Key Reference Voltage Selects the logarithmic (decibel) scale for all filtering and averaging processes. This scale is “Video” because it is the most common display and analysis scale for the video signal within a spectrum analyzer. This scale is excellent for finding CW signals near noise.
Page 119 Key Reference Filter Type When CISPR RBW is selected, the RBW is set to normal RBW as below. The VBW couples with RBW. EMC RBW 3 dB RBW 200 Hz 100 Hz 9 kHz 10 kHz 120 kHz 100 kHz 1 MHz 1 MHz When Filter Type is set to Normal, Res BW is normally coupled to...
Page 120: Display
Key Reference Display Display Shift > Disp to control detector and display functions. Press Graticule Press this softkey to turn on the graticule display for the trace. Shift > Disp Key access: Y Scale Press this softkey to turn on the amplitude scale unit display on the left of the graticule.
Page 121: Enter
Key Reference Enter Enter Terminates a front-panel keypad numeric entry and enters that value into the analyzer. (For most applications, it is better to use the units softkeys to terminate value entry.) When in File menu, the Enter key is used to terminate filename entries. When the analyzer is in the remote mode, pressing Enter returns the analyzer to the local control mode and enables front-panel inputs.
Page 122: Esc
Key Reference ESC <- ESC <- This hardkey provides mainly two types of functions: Clear • Clears any numeric entry and cancels the active function. • Clears any title entry and cause the title to revert to the previous name. •...
Page 123: Frequency
Key Reference Frequency Frequency The hardkey activate the center frequency function, and access the menu softkeys for frequency functions. The center frequency, or start and stop frequency values appear below the graticule on the display. When changing both the center frequency and span, change the N O T E frequency first.
Page 124 Key Reference Frequency Stop Freq sets the frequency at the right side of the graticule. The left and right sides of the graticule correspond to the start and stop frequencies. Key access: Frequency > Stop Freq CF Step changes the step size for the center frequency function. On Auto Man selecting a step size and activating the center frequency function, the arrow keys change center the frequency by the step-size value.
Page 125 Key Reference Frequency Low Frequency This softkey toggles the baseband channel on and off. When it is Channel set to On, the SSB and DANL performance will be better from 3 kHz to 12 MHz. This softkey is only visible when the option BB1 has been installed and only available in Spectrum Analysis, Spectrum Monitor mode.
Page 126: Marker
Key Reference Marker Marker This hardkey accesses the marker control softkeys to select the type and number of markers. Markers are diamond-shaped characters that identify points of traces. Up to six pairs of markers may appear on the display simultaneously; only one pair can be controlled at a time.
Page 127 Key Reference Marker Delta activates a second marker at the position of the first marker. If no marker is present, two markers with the same identification number will appear at the center of the display. The marker number is indicated above the delta marker, and the same number is indicated with an R (for example, 1R) above the reference marker.
Page 128 Key Reference Marker Marker To Accesses the following marker function menu keys: To Center Sets the center frequency of the analyzer to the marker frequency. In Delta mode, this softkey sets the center frequency to the marker delta value. The function is not available in zero span. To Start Changes the start frequency so that it is equal to the frequency of the active marker.
Page 129 Key Reference Marker Marker Table Compresses the graticule and displays marker information in a table. The information includes the marker number, trace number, marker type, X axis value, and the amplitude. Key access: Marker Marker Table > Read Out Accesses the following menu keys that allow you to change the active marker readout.
Page 130 Key Reference Marker All Off Turns off all markers, including markers used for signal track, and marker annotations. Key access: Marker More > All Off > Logging Press this softkey to start recording the marker value to a CSV file. Start/Stop The frequency and amplitude value of the marker will be continuously recorded in the file.
Page 131: Meas
Key Reference Meas Meas In the Spectrum Analyzer mode (see MODE ), Meas key displays a menu for measurements such as adjacent channel power, occupied bandwidth, channel power, spectrum emission mask and TOI. Press Measure Off to turn the measurement off. Channel Power Channel Power measures the power and power spectral density in the specified channel bandwidth.
Page 132 Key Reference Meas Disp Mode This softkey toggles the display mode between chart and Meter. Key access: Meas > Channel Power Disp Mode This softkey is only available when the display mode is set to Meter. Pressing Auto Range toggles the display mode between On and Off. When Auto Range is set to off (manual), press Top and Bottom to set the display range of the channel power meter.
Page 133: Occupied Bw
Key Reference Meas Occupied BW Occupied Bandwidth integrates the power of the displayed spectrum. The power-bandwidth routine first computes all signal power contained in the trace, then calculates the span containing the power of the specified percentage. The percentage value default is 99% of the occupied bandwidth power.
Page 134 Key Reference Meas • Setting dBc Press {OBW} > {Method} > {dBc} to specify the power level used to determine the emission bandwidth as the number of dB down from the highest signal peak, within the occupied bandwidth span. This function is an independent calculation from the OBW calculation.
Page 135: Acpr
Key Reference Meas ACPR Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (ACPR) measures the power present in adjacent transmit channels. The span is automatically set according to the six available offsets and their associated integration bandwidths as defined by the user. Center Freq Sets the center frequency of the main channel power.
Page 136: Spectrum Emission Mask
Key Reference Meas Spectrum Emission Mask Spectrum Emission Mask measurement includes the in-band and out-of-band spurious emissions. As it applies to W-CDMA (3GPP), this is the power contained in a specified frequency bandwidth at certain offsets relative to the total carrier power. It may also be expressed as a ratio of power spectral densities between the carrier and the specified offset frequency band.
Page 137 Key Reference Meas Res BW Specifies the resolution bandwidth used in measuring Auto Man and the power in the main channel. Total Pwr Ref Displays the type of power measurement reference selected by Measure Type. (PSD Ref) Auto Man Total Pwr Ref is the power in the carrier that is used as the reference in computing the relative power values for the offsets.
Page 138 Key Reference Meas Table 3 Offsets & Limits Defaulted for W-CDMA (3GPP) Mobile Station Measurements Offset Start Stop Res BW Rel Stop Meas Freq Freq (kHz) Start Stop Couple Start (dBc) (MHz) (MHz) (dBm) (dBm) (dBc) A. On 2.515 3.485 30.00 -71.07 -71.07...
Page 139 Key Reference Meas Table 5 Offsets & Limits Defaulted for 802.11b Radio Standard Offset Start Freq Stop Freq Abs Start Abs Stop Rel Start Rel Stop Meas (MHz) (MHz) (dBm) (dBm) (dBc) (dBc) A. On 11.00 22.00 -10.00 -10.00 -30.00 -30.00 B.
Page 140 Key Reference Meas Res BW Specifies the resolution bandwidth used in measuring the offset pair. When set to Auto, the Res BW are used. When set to Man, the Auto Man allowed range is 1 kHz to 1MHz. Key access: Meas > SEM > Offset/Limits To enter an absolute level limit at Start Freq for the currently Abs Start selected offset ranging from –200.00 to +50.00 dBm with 4...
Page 141 Key Reference Meas Abs AND Rel Set the limit test to show Fail if one offset’s spectrum emission mask measurement results is larger than both the corresponding limit for Abs Start and Abs Stop and the limit for Rel Start and Rel Stop. Abs OR Rel Set the limit test to show Fail if one offset’s the absolute spectrum emission mask measurement...
Page 142: Mode
Key Reference MODE MODE Selects the measurement mode of your analyzer. Spectrum Analyzer mode is the default mode and is for general purpose measurement use. Tracking Generator Accesses the tracking generator functions. (Option TG3) Key access: Mode Amplitude Toggles the tracking generator output between on and off. The power level can then be adjusted using the numeric keypad, arrow keys or knob.
Page 143 Key Reference MODE Amptd Offset offsets the displayed power of the tracking generator. Using the amplitude offset capability of the tracking generator allows you to take system losses or gains into account, thereby displaying the actual power delivered to the device under test. Key access: Mode >...
Page 144 Key Reference MODE amplifier. Now, replace the thru line with the device under test, and an accurate measurement of the gain or loss can be made. Norm Ref Lvl Sets the level (in dB) of the normalized reference. Norm Ref Posn Offsets the displayed trace without affecting the instrument gain or attenuation settings.
Page 145: Power Meter
Key Reference MODE Power Meter Press Mode > Power Meter to access the optional power meter functions. When this mode is selected, the power meter related softkey menu will be displayed and many of the instrument hardkeys will be disabled as they are not necessary for this mode. Mode toggles the measurement between AVG and Peak.
Page 146 Key Reference MODE Meas Disp Accesses the Meas Disp submenu for defining the display range and resolution while in Power Meter mode. Key access: Mode > Power Meter Disp Accesses the associated Disp Range submenu. Key access: Mode > Power Meter > Meas Disp Range Auto Toggles the auto range function between On...
Page 147 Key Reference MODE Changes the display mode between Meter and Chart. Dis Mode Meter Chart The default mode is Meter. Key access: Mode > Power Meter > Meas Setup Chart View Accesses the Chart View submenu. This soft key is disabled when the measurement is in process or if the display mode is set to Meter.
Page 148: Spectrum Monitor
Key Reference MODE Spectrum Monitor Press Mode > Spectrum Monitor to access the submenu listed as below: Spectrogram Toggles the spectrogram monitoring between Run and Pause. Run/Pause Key access: MODE > Spectrum Monitor Restart Meas Resets the spectrogram display. Key access: MODE > Spectrum Monitor Update Interval Enables you to set the interval of time to update data to 1 or more seconds.
Page 149 Key Reference MODE File Logging Accesses the submenu for spectrogram file operation. • Start/Stop Save This softkey allow you to start or stop the automatic save function. Once the spectrogram measurement frames reached the file size set in the File Size, a file (*.SPE or *.CSV) will be automatically saved, and the spectrogram measurement will restart.
Page 150: Reflection Measurement
Key Reference MODE Reflection Measurement The reflection measurement mode provides the reflection measurement, one port cable loss and distance to fault measurement function. Auto Scale Press this softkey to adjust the amplitude scale automatically to include the peak and valley level in graticule. Key access: Amplitude >...
Page 151 Key Reference MODE Data->Mem This softkey is used to store the active data trace into memory. The trace in memory will be refreshed in the next sweep once you press this softkey. There are three trace refresh mode for your selection: Data Only the activated trace is viewable.
Page 152: Am/Fm Modulation Analysis
Key Reference MODE AM/FM Modulation Analysis Use the arrow keys to highlight the mode you need and press [ENTER] as a terminator. When this mode is selected, the AM/FM modulation analysis menu will be displayed. Carrier Freq Sets the modulated carrier frequency. Key access: Mode >...
Page 153 Key Reference MODE View Accesses the submenu to select four display mode: Symbol - displays the binary symbol in full screen/window. Waveform - displays the signal waveform. AM Error - displays the AM error. Eye Diagram - Displays the Eye diagram. Key access: Mode >...
Page 154 Key Reference MODE Average Specifies the display measurement result format. When the On Off Average Number is set to off, the column title "Average" in numerical results view will be changed to "Current". Key access: Mode > AM/FM Modulation Analysis > More Trigger Enables you to configure the trigger.
Page 155 Key Reference MODE Sweep Togglese the sweep type between single and continuous in AM/FM mode. When this softkey is set to Single, press the next Single softkey to execute a new sweep as soon as the trigger condition is met. Key access: Mode >...
Page 156: Ask/Fsk Modulation Analysis
Key Reference MODE ASK/FSK Modulation Analysis Use the arrow keys to highlight the mode you need and press [ENTER] as a terminator. When this mode is selected, the ASK/FSK modulation analysis menu will be displayed. Carrier Freq Sets the modulated carrier frequency. Key access: Mode >...
Page 157 Key Reference MODE X Scale Accesses the submenu to configure the X scale parametes: Scale/Div sets the number of symbols in one division. Ref Value sets the starting value in term of times at the reference position. Ref position sets the display reference position to either Left, Ctr (center), or Right.
Page 158 Key Reference MODE Trigger Enables you to configure the trigger. When using a trigger source other than Free Run, the analyzer will begin a sweep only with the selected trigger conditions are met. A trigger event is defined as the point at which your trigger source signal meets the specified trigger level.
Page 159 Key Reference MODE Single When the analyzer is in continuous sweep mode, pressing this softkey will change the sweep setting to single sweep. It will then begin a sweep after the trigger conditions are met. If the analyzer is already in single sweep, pressing this softkey will execute a new sweep as soon as the trigger condition is met.
Page 160: Peak Search
Key Reference Peak Search Peak Search Places a marker on the highest peak based on the settings of the "Peak Criteria" on page 154 All peak search functions ignore the LO feed through signal. The process for N O T E determining if the Peak is the LO feed through takes into account Start Frequency, Span, Resolution Band width, Resolution Band width shape factor, and Frequency Accuracy.
Page 161 Key Reference Peak Search To Center This is a hot key of marker to center. Key access: Peak Search > Pk-Pk Search Continuous Pk When Continuous Pk is on, the marker will remain on the peak signal On Off even if the frequency of that signal changes. The marker will remain on that signal as long as the amplitude of the signal does not change by more than 3 dB from one sweep to another.
Page 162 Key Reference Peak Search Peak Criteria Accesses the submenu to set the criteria for peak search. Key access: Peak Search > More Peak Excursion Sets the minimum amplitude variation of signals that the marker identifies as a peak. If a value of 10 dB is selected, the marker moves only to peaks that rise and fall more than 10 dB above the peak threshold value.
Page 163: System
Key Reference System System This softkey accesses the submenu to set the system and utility settings. Time/Date accesses the Time/Date menu keys used to set and display the time and date. Key access: System > Time/Date Language chooses the 11 languages for softkeys display. Key access: System >...
Page 164 Key Reference System System Info Accesses the submenu to check the system information as below. Key access: System > More Show System Displays the number and description of the options installed in your analyzer. It also displays the instrument model number, product number, serial number, the date of production, etc.
Page 165 Key Reference System Accesses the Front Panel softkey to verify the Diagnostics functionality of each front-panel key. The number next to each key name increments once each time the key is pressed. Rotating the knobs causes the number of pulses to be counted. Press Return will go back to the main menu.
Page 166: Span
Key Reference Span Span Accesses the span function and the submenu softkeys for span functions. Pressing Span changes the frequency range symmetrically about the center frequency. The frequency-span readout describes the total displayed frequency range. To determine frequency span per horizontal graticule division, divide the frequency span by 10.
Page 167: Sweep
Key Reference Sweep Sweep Accesses the Sweep softkeys for selection of the sweep mode and trigger mode of the analyzer. The softkey menu selections are defined as follows: Sweep Time Selects the sweep time for the analyzer to tune across the Auto Man displayed frequency span (or, in zero span, the time the analyzer take to sweep the full screen).Inputs may be made using the knob,...
Page 168 Key Reference Sweep In zero span Auto-coupled does not function when in a zero span. The sweep time can only be set manually. The sweep time is selectable from 6 s to 200 s in zero span. In FFT Mode In FFT mode, the sweep time default is auto-coupled.
Page 169 Key Reference Sweep Trigger Accesses the menu of keys that allow you to select the trigger mode of the analyzer. This softkey is only available in zero span. Free Run New sweep starts as soon as possible after the current sweep ends. Video Activates the trigger condition that starts the next sweep if the detected RF envelope voltage rises to a level set by the video...
Page 170 Key Reference Sweep Gated View When Gate View is set to off, the display is in frequency domain. When Gate View is set to On, the display is in time domain (zero span), the gate length is shown in red lines for further adjustment. View SweepTime Adjust the sweep time scale to set the gate parameters precisely.
Page 171 Key Reference Sweep Sweep Setup accesses the sub-menu to set the sweep time rule and sweep mode as below. Swp Time Rule The analyzer provides two sweep time rules to meet the different sweep time requirements: • Speed Activates the default fast sweep time rule. •...
Page 172: Limit
Key Reference Limit Limit Limits Accesses softkeys that allow you to control and define the parameters of limit lines. Shift > Limit Key access: selects either of the available limits. The Limit 1 and Limit 2 Limit 1 Limit 2 keys access softkeys to set parameters for the selected limit.
Page 173 Key Reference Limit Margin Toggles the margin function to on or off. Use On Off Margin to set a limit line offset for the selected limit line. Either Limit or Margin as well as Test, must be turned on for a limit test to work. Shift >...
Page 174 Key Reference Limit Connected To Previous Pt Yes No Defines if the current point being edited is to be connected to the previous point. Pressing this key toggles the Connected value between Yes and No. Shift > Limit > Limit 1/2 > Edit Key access: Delete Point Deletes the current point in the limit line.
Page 175: Trace/Det
Key Reference Trace/Det Trace/Det Accesses the trace keys to store and manipulate trace information. Each trace consists of a series of points in which amplitude data is stored. The analyzer updates the information for any active trace with each sweep. Trace Selects the trace for current use.
Page 176 Key Reference Trace/Det Detector Softkey presents a submenu to select a specific detector type, or (detector type) allows the analyzer to select the appropriate detector for a particular measurement. Regarding detectors, it is important to understand what is a trace “bucket”.
Page 177 Key Reference Trace/Det Average measures the average value of the amplitude across each trace interval (bucket). When Average is selected, “Avg” appears on the left corner. Sample Sample detection is used primarily to display noise or noise-like signals. It should not be used to measure the accurate amplitude of non noise-like signals.
Page 178 Key Reference Trace/Det To restart averaging: • Enter a new average number • Change any related parameter (e.g., Center Frequency) When in sweep single, the specified number of averages is taken, then the sweep stops and an average trace displayed. When in continuous sweep mode, the specified number of averages is taken, then the averaging continues with each new sweep averaged in with a weight of...
Page 179 Key Reference Trace/Det A+B-> C Turn this softkey on to calculate variable A plus variable B. The result will display as variable C when all the variables is set to on. This function and A-B->C can not be set to on simultaneously.
Page 180 Key Reference Trace/Det...
Page 181: Instrument Messages
Instrument Messages Instrument Messages Overview Command Errors Execution Conflict Device-Specific Errors...
Page 182: Overview
Instrument Messages Overview Overview If an improper operation occurs during the instrument configuration, a message will appear on the status line indicating the incident and the how the spectrum analyzer corrected the setting automatically. press System > System Info > Errors History to read the specific descriptions of those messages.
Page 183: Command Errors
Instrument Messages Command Errors Command Errors The messages listed below are command errors, which are saved into local registers. Command error -100 An unrecognized command or data type was encountered. This message is used when the device cannot detect more specifics described for errors -101 to -109.
Page 184 Instrument Messages Command Errors Program mnemonic too long -112 The header contains more than 12 characters. Undefined header -113 The header is correct in syntax, but it is undefined for this device. Numeric data not allowed -128 A legal numeric data element was received, but the device does not accept one in this position for the header.
Page 185: Execution Conflict
Instrument Messages Execution Conflict Execution Conflict The system messages listed below are execution conflicts, indicating settings conflict during your operation. Execution Error -200 This is the generic syntax error for devices that cannot detect more specific errors. Data out of range -222 A legal program data element was parsed but could not be executed because the interpreted value was outside the legal...
Page 186 Instrument Messages Execution Conflict Self-test failed -330 A self-test failure occurred. Report this error to Keysight Technologies. calibration failed -340 An expected file was not found while trying to load internal calibration.
Page 187: Device-Specific Errors
Reduce input power to less than 0 dBm and run alignments again. 1st LO Unlock The first LO on has lost phase lock. Report this error to the nearest Keysight Technologies sales or service office. 2nd LO Unlock The second LO has lost phase lock. Report this error to the nearest Keysight Technologies sales or service office.
Page 188 Instrument Messages Device-Specific Errors Option not licensed The selected option requires a license. Refer to the installation procedures in the user guide provided for this particular option. VBW filter or Average Detector cannot use both RF over load Either increase input attenuation or decrease the input signal level. IF over load Either increase input attenuation or decrease the input signal level.
Page 189 Attempt to initialize the instrument state has failed. Cycle instrument power. If this fails to correct the problem, contact your nearest Keysight Technologies service center. Unable to load user state Attempt to load a state failed, because the state was saved with a measurement personality that is not currently loaded.
Page 190 Instrument Messages Device-Specific Errors No Peak Found No signal peak was found that meets the criteria under Peak Search > Peak Criteria. Video Trigger cannot be active You sent a remote command to do one of the following: • Turn on video trigger while the Average Detector or a Marker Function is active.
Page 191: Troubleshooting
Troubleshooting This chapter includes information on how to check for a problem with your Keysight Technologies spectrum analyzer, and how to return it for service. If you experience a problem or would like additional information about your analyzer, Keysight Technologies’ worldwide organization is ready to provide...
Page 192: Check The Basics
Troubleshooting Check the Basics Check the Basics Before calling Keysight Technologies, or returning an analyzer for service, perform the quick checks listed below. This check may eliminate the problem. • Is there power at the receptacle? • Is the analyzer turned on? Listen for internal fan noise to determine if the analyzer cooling fan is running.
Page 193: Warranty And Service Options
If the analyzer is no longer under warranty or is not covered by an Keysight Technologies maintenance plan, Keysight Technologies will notify you of the cost of the repair after examining the analyzer.
Page 194: Contact Keysight Technologies
Troubleshooting Contact Keysight Technologies Contact Keysight Technologies Keysight Technologies has offices around the world to provide you with complete support for your analyzer. To obtain servicing information or to order replacement parts, contact the Keysight Technologies customer contact center listed below.
Page 195: Menu Maps
Menu Maps Menu Maps This chapter provides a visual representation of the front panel keys and their Chapter 4 " Key associated menu keys (in Spectrum Analyzer mode). Refer to Reference", on page 103 for key function descriptions. The name editor menu is shown separately, though it is accessed when entering data for many keys.
Page 196: Amplitude Menu
Menu Maps Amplitude Menu Amplitude Menu Amplitude Ref level 1 dB/DIV 2 dB/DIV Attenuation Auto 5 dB/DIV Preamp 10 dB/DIV Scale/DIV > dBmV Scale Type dBuV Y Axis Unit More dBmV EMF dBuV EMF HiSensitivity V EMF Apply Ref Offset Corrections Load User Correction...
Page 197: Bw Menu
Menu Maps BW Menu BW Menu Auto Auto VBW/RBW Log Pwr Auto Power Avg Type Voltage Filter Type Normal RBW 1MHz CISPR 120kHz CISPR 9kHz CISPR 200Hz CISPR...
Page 198: Sweep Menu
Menu Maps Sweep Menu Sweep Menu Free Run Sweep RF Burst Gated Sweep Sweep Time On Off Video Auto Man Gated View On Off Sweep External View Single Cont SweepTime Video Level Single Sweep Gated Delay Trigger Slope Rise Fall Gated Length Trigger External...
Page 199: Display Menu
Menu Maps Display Menu Display Menu Graticule Disp Disp Freeze On Off Disp Mode Y Scale Bar Time On Off Display Line View Back On Off Threshold On Off *This menumap is for Spectrum Analyzer mode. Sort By Down Up *This menumap is for Channel Scanner measurement.
Page 200: File/Mode - Task Planner
Menu Maps File/Mode - Task Planner File/Mode - Task Planner Mode File Task Planner Media Type Deselect Save As INT SYS USB Select All Browse Folder Recall Deselect All Sort By Rename Copy To Create Folder Move To Files Operation Copy/Move Delete Directory...
Page 201: Frequency Menu
Menu Maps Frequency Menu Frequency Menu Frequency Auto Tune Center Freq Start Freq Stop Freq Chan Standard Unit Freq Channel CF Step Auto Freq Offset LowFreqChannel *This softkey is only visible when option BB1 is installed.
Page 202: Limit Menu
Menu Maps Limit Menu Limit Menu Limit Limit Type Points Limit 1 Upper Lower Freq Limit Line Limit 2 Amplitude Limit Limit Fixed Rel Delete Point X Axis Unit Delete All Edit Limits Freq Time Limit Beep Build From Trace Off On Margin Start Threshold...
Page 203: Marker Menu
Menu Maps Marker Menu Marker Menu Normal Marker Marker 1 2 3 4 5 6 Delta Delta Pair Normal Marker Trace Ref Delta Counter Span Pair Span Center Mode Noise Relative to Band Power Function Demod Marker To Demod Type Demod Setting AM >...
Page 204: Peak Search Menu
Menu Maps Peak Search Menu Peak Search Menu Peak Peak Search Next Peak Next Left PK Next Right PK Pk-Pk Search To Center Peak Table On Off More Export Table to CSV Continous Pk On Off Peak Threshold Peak Table Peak Excursion Peak Type Peak Criteria...
Page 205: Measure Menu (1 Of 2)
Menu Maps Measure Menu (1 of 2) Measure Menu (1 of 2) Center Freq Center Freq Meas Main Channel Int BW Adjacent Chn Disp Mode Adj Chn State Measure Off RRC Filter On Off Adj Chn BW ACPR Filter BW Auto Man Adj Chn Space Channel Power...
Page 206: Measure Menu (2 Of 2)
Menu Maps Measure Menu (2 of 2) Measure Menu (2 of 2) Meas Play Home Stop Spectrogram Page Up Measure Off Run Pause Update Int. Page Down On Off Restart Meas ACPR Update Int. Start Save Channel Power Playback Time Setting Spectrg View File Type Spectrg...
Page 207: Mode - Tracking Generator
Menu Maps Mode - Tracking Generator Mode - Tracking Generator Spectrum Mode Analyzer Tracking Amplitude Generaotr Power Meter Amptd Step Spectrum Amptd Offset Monitor Task Store Ref Normalize Planner 1->4 Normalize Modulation Off On Analysis Reflection Norm Ref Lvl Measurement Norm Ref Posn Ref Trace Blank View...
Page 208: Mode - Power Meter
Menu Maps Mode - Power Meter Mode - Power Meter Zero MODE Power Meter Zero Type Auto Range Zero/Cal Dis Range Range Meas Disp Lower Upper Resolution Meas Setup Disp Mode Limits Meter Char Preset Chart View Upper Limit Pause Lower Limit Freq Limit Beep...
Page 209: Mode - Am/Fm Modulation Analysis
Menu Maps Mode - AM/FM Modulation Analysis Mode - AM/FM Modulation Analysis Peak+ Auto Scale AM /FM Carrier Freq MODE M odulation Analysis Peak- Ref Value IFBW Peak+?/2 EqLPF Ref Position Scale/Div Detector Ext Gain X Scale Peak Hold Y Scale Return Return More...
Page 210: Mode - Ask/Fsk Modulation Analysis
Menu Maps Mode - ASK/FSK Modulation Analysis Mode - ASK/FSK Modulation Analysis MODE Symbol Meas Filter ASK/FSK Auto Scale Carrier Freq Modulation Analysis Waveform Ref Filter Ref Value Symbol Rate ASK/FSK Error Alpha/BbT Filter Setup Ref Position Eye Diagram Filter Symbols Scale/Div View Ext Gain...
Page 211: Mode - Reflection Measurement
Menu Maps Mode - Reflection Measurement Mode - Reflection Measurement MODE Sweep Amplitude Marker Reflection Marker Hold Auto Scale Measurement 123456 Sweep Ref Level Normal Single Cont Return Loss Scale/Div Single Sweep Delta VSWR Cable Loss Cable Type Cable Type Continuous Max RG BTS Cust On Off...
Page 212: Name Editor Menu
Menu Maps Name Editor Menu Name Editor Menu Name ABCDEFG HIJKLMN OPQRSTU VWXYZ Return...
Page 213: System Menu
Menu Maps System Menu System Menu Brightness System Power Saving Time Beeper Brightness On Off Date Key Lock Keypad Setting On Off Power On Off On Time/Date Repeat Mode Once Everyday Time Pwr On Time Language Time Pwr Off Date Pwr On Setting Pwr On/Off DFT User Last...
Page 214: Span Menu
Menu Maps SPAN Menu SPAN Menu Span Span Full Span Zero Span Last Span...
Page 215: Trace/Det Menu
Menu Maps Trace/Det Menu Trace/Det Menu Trace Trace 1 2 3 4 Clear Write Max Hold Min Hold Normal Average View Pos Peak Blank Sample Neg Peak More 1 of 2 Detector Auto Average Number Variable A Variable B Average Dura. Variable C A-B->C Avg Restart...
Page 216 Menu Maps Trace/Det Menu...
Page 217 Index Numerics ESC/CLR 112 ESD 21 3GPP W-CDMA 127 Next Peak 150 external reference 24 802.11a 128 802.11b 129 occupied BW 123 Fail Mask 130 Offset/Limits 127 firmware revision, update 25 Abs Start 130 options front panel Abs Stop 130 enable 24 overview 4 adjacent channel power 125...
Page 218 Uncoupled, definition 47 using frequency counter 49 VBW/RBW 106 ventilation 18 Video BW 106 View/Trace key 165 viewing signal 32 WEEE 10...
Page 220 This information is subject to change without notice.  Keysight Technologies 2012-2021 Edition 4, August 2021 *N9322-90002* N9322-90002 www.keysight.com Distributed by: Sie haben Fragen oder wünschen eine Beratung? Angebotsanfrage unter 07121 / 51 50 50 oder über info@datatec.de...

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