Glossary - CYBEX VR2 Owner's And Service Manual

Glossary

Abduction - movement away from the mid-line of the body.
Acceleration - the rate at which an object's velocity changes with time; that is the change of
velocity divided by the time interval.
Accuracy - freedom from error. Degree of conformity of a measure to a standard or a true
value.
Action Line - the direction of pull created by the fibers or tendon of a muscle at the point of
application.
Active Insufficiency - a two joint muscle loses the ability to cross-bridge (generate force) due
to full shortening over its greatest anatomical length and tension created in an opposing
muscle (antagonist).
Active Range of Motion - the degree of motion that occurs between two adjacent segments
through voluntary contraction of the agonist (prime mover).
Active Stabilization - provided by an internal force. Static stabilization is provided through an
isometric contraction where dynamic stabilization is a series of motions. Dynamic stabilizers
maintain the relative positions of the segments, preventing undesirable or unnecessary
motions due to external forces as well as artifacts of internal forces. May also refer to the
concentric/eccentric contractions of a muscle acting in a force couple to produce motion
while maintaining a relatively fixed axis of rotation.
Adipose Tissue - fat tissue.
Adduction - movement towards the mid-line of the body.
Agonist - (prime mover) a muscle that is mechanically optimal to produce a specific motion at
a joint. There typically is more than one agonist for a peticular motion. A specific muscle can
be an agonist for more than one motion at a joint.
Aerobic - with or in the presence of oxygen oxygen.
Aerobic Endurance - the ability to persist in physical activities that rely heavily upon oxygen
for energy production.
Anabolic - pertaining to the synthesis of complex substances from simpler substances, espe-
cially to the synthesis of body proteins from amino acids.
Anaerobic - without oxygen.
General
Exercise
Guidelines
Page 2-2
Cybex VR2 Owner's Manual