CYBEX VR2 Owner's And Service Manual page 20

Carbohydrate - a chemical compound consisting of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms in
specified arrangements. Carbohydrates are the chief source of energy for all body functions
and anaerobic muscular exertion; they are major components of food such as bread, potatoes
and rice.
Cardiovascular - pertaining to the heart and blood vessels.
Cartilage - there are several types. Hyaline cartilage is a relatively thin covering on the ends
of many bones. It forms a smooth, resilient, low friction surface for the movement of one bone
on another. Wedges of cartilage (fibrocartilage) called menisci, disks and labrums function to
increase stability, provide shock absorption, and to facilitate motion in some joints.
Center of Gravity - the center of a body's mass. In the human body, it is the point which all
parts are in balance with one another. It is dependent on current position in space, anatomical
structure, gender, habitual standing posture and if external objects are being held.
Circumduction - a circular movement permitted at ball and socket, condylar and saddle
joints. Consists of flexion, abduction, extension and adduction in sequence.
Circuit Training - a type of conditioning program in which exercises are performed in
sequence, with little or no rest inbetween stations.
Closed Kinetic Chain Exercise - a series of rigid links interconnected by a series of pin-cen-
tered joints. These are constructed so that motion at one joint will produce motion at all the
joints in the system. Closed-chain exercises produce greater mechanical efficiency at the risk
of increased joint loading. Example, leg press, bench press.
Close-Packed Position - all synovial joints have a position where joint surfaces are maximal-
ly congruent and the ligaments and capsule are maximally taut. This is a position of maximal
stability and decreased mobility.
Collagen - a fibrous protein that serves as the major component of ligaments and tendons.
Compression - two forces acting along the same line towards each other that constitute a
compressive load or compressive stress.
Concentric action - contraction of a muscle resulting in shortening of the muscle. Positive
work is performed.
Connective Tissue - comprised of mostly the proteins collagen and elastin with water;
includes tendons, ligaments, bursae, cartilage, disks, menisci, fascia and bone.
Cross-Bridge - the connection and intertwining of the actin and myosin filaments in a
myofibril relative to a muscular contraction.
Curvilinear Motion - the frequently occurring combination of rotatory and translatory
motions.
General
Exercise
Guidelines
Page 2-4
Cybex VR2 Owner's Manual