Fast Distance Algorithm - GE D30 Instruction Manual

8.1 DISTANCE ELEMENTS
Table 8–3: DIRECTIONAL QUADRILATERAL PHASE DISTANCE FUNCTIONS
CHARACTERISTIC
Reactance
Directional
Right Blinder
Left Blinder
Fault-type
Table 8–4: DIRECTIONAL QUADRILATERAL GROUND DISTANCE FUNCTIONS
CHARACTERISTIC
Reactance
Directional
Directional
Right Blinder
Left Blinder
Fault-type
Zero-sequence
Table 8–5: NON-DIRECTIONAL MHO PHASE DISTANCE FUNCTIONS
CHARACTERISTIC
Offset mho
Fault-type
Table 8–6: NON-DIRECTIONAL MHO GROUND DISTANCE FUNCTIONS
CHARACTERISTIC
Offset mho
Fault-type
Table 8–7: NON-DIRECTIONAL QUADRILATERAL PHASE DISTANCE FUNCTIONS
CHARACTERISTIC
Forward Reactance
Reverse Reactance
Right Blinder
Left Blinder
Fault-type
Table 8–8: NON-DIRECTIONAL QUADRILATERAL GROUND DISTANCE FUNCTIONS
CHARACTERISTIC
8
Forward Reactance
Reverse Reactance
Right Blinder
Left Blinder
Fault-type
In order to improve operating speed of the phase and ground distance zone 1 and zone 2 elements under CVT transient
conditions for high SIRs up to 60, a fast distance algorithm is implemented in the relay. This algorithm uses a weighted
average digital filtering technique and runs in parallel with a regular distance algorithm, which uses a fixed digital CVT filter-
ing technique. The fast distance algorithm applies the same comparators as a regular distance algorithm.
8-6
COMPARATOR INPUTS
I × Z – V I × Z
I × Z
V_1M
D
I × Z I × Z
– V
R
I × Z I × Z
– V
L
Not SLG See Addendum
COMPARATOR INPUTS
jΘ
I × Z – V j × I_0 × e or j × I_2 × e
I_0 × Z
V_1M
D
I_2 × Z
V_1M
D
I × Z – V I × Z
R
I × Z – V I × Z
L
I_0 I_2
I_0 × Z
–V_0
D
COMPARATOR INPUTS
I × Z – V V-I × Z
Not SLG See Addendum
COMPARATOR INPUTS
I × Z – V V-I × Z
REV
I_0 I_2
COMPARATOR INPUTS
I × Z – V I × Z
I × Z I × Z
– V
REV REV
I × Z I × Z
– V
R R
I × Z I × Z
– V
L L
Not SLG See Addendum
COMPARATOR INPUTS
jΘ
I × Z – V j × I_0 × e
jΘ
I × Z –j × I_0 × e
– V
REV
I × Z – V I × Z
R
I × Z – V I × Z
L
I_0 I_2
D30 Line Distance Protection System
R
L
Removed during open pole conditions
jΘ
R
L
REV
Removed during open pole conditions
LIMIT ANGLE
COMP LIMIT
LIMIT ANGLE
COMP LIMIT
COMP LIMIT
Removed during open pole conditions
jΘ
or j × I_2 × e
jΘ
or –j × I_2 × e
R
L

8.1.4 FAST DISTANCE ALGORITHM

8 THEORY OF OPERATION
LIMIT ANGLE
COMP LIMIT
DIR COMP LIMIT
90°
90°
LIMIT ANGLE
COMP LIMIT
DIR COMP LIMIT
DIR COMP LIMIT
90°
90°
50°
90°
LIMIT ANGLE
COMP LIMIT
50°
90°
90°
LIMIT ANGLE
COMP LIMIT
COMP LIMIT
90°
90°
50°
GE Multilin