Toe-In; Toe-In Adjustment; Toe-Out On Turns; Adjustment Of Steering Stop Screws - Cadillac 1937 LaSalle VVI Information

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F R O N T W H E E L S U S P E N S I O N
Note: The camber can be decreased, if neces-
sary, by installing the spacers between
the suspension arms and the yoke instead
of next to the retaining nut, and vice
versa.
3. After completing the adjustment according
to specifications, reinstall the steering knuckle
support yoke retaining nut, tighten securely and
lock in position.
8. T o e - i n
T h e setting or adjustment of the front wheels
so that the distance between them is less at the
front than at the rear is called "toe-in." See
P l a t e 9, F i g . 7.
T h e purpose of toe-in is to make the wheels
roll straight-ahead and compensate for the tend-
ency of cambered wheels to roll outward. Toe-in
is also necessary to prevent abnormal tire wear.
9. A d j u s t m e n t of T o e - i n
T h e proper toe-in setting depends upon the
type of equipment used for checking. W h e n
measuring toe-in w i t h equipment that is used
while the car is at rest, the toe-in should be from
TS- t o ^ - i n c h . W h e n testing w i t h "scrub b o a r d "
equipment that takes the measurement while the
car is in motion, the limits should be from 0 to
^rV-inch.
When checking toe-in, the wheels and tires
should be made to run as nearly true as possible
and the readings should be taken only when the
front wheels are i n a straight-ahead position and
w i t h the steering gear on its high point. T h e
high spot o n the side of the tires should be i n a
vertical plane, as shown i n Plate 9, F i g . 6, when
testing on stationary equipment.
T h e procedure for m a k i n g the toe-in adjust-
ment is as follows:
1. Loosen the clamp screws at each end of the
steering tie rods.
2. T u r n both tie rods an equal amount u n t i l the
desired toe-in setting is obtained.
Note: Turning the tie rods in the direction the
wheels revolve when the car moves for-
ward decreases the toe-in. Turning the
tie rods in the opposite direction increases
the toe-in.
3. W h e n adjustment has been completed ac-
cording to the recommended specifications, tighten
all clamp screws.
1 0 . T o e - O u t o n T u r n s
The tendency of the front wheels t o toe-out on
turns is another factor of front wheel alignment
which is important. See P l a t e 9, F i g . 8.
Toe-out develops when the front wheels are
turned to the right or left, depending on the
amount of deflection from the straight-ahead
course, because of the difference i n the arc made
by the inside wheel as compared w i t h that of the
outside wheel.
Toe-out on turns is essential to easy steering and
m a x i m u m tire life. It is p r o v i d e d for b y the de-
sign of the steering knuckle arms, whose geom-
etry bears a definite relationship to the steering
radius, the wheelbase of the car, and the distance
between the steering knuckle bolts.
Toe-out is checked b y t u r n i n g the wheels to
the right or left, locating the outside wheel i n a
definite position, and determining the setting of
the inside wheel. W i t h the outside wheel set to
20°, the setting of the inside wheel should be
2 1 ¾ ° to 2 3 ½ ° for series 37-50 and 60 cars, and
22° to 2 3 ½ ° for series 37-65, 70, 75, 85 and 90
cars.
E r r o r s i n the setting of the inside wheel are
usually due to bent steering knuckle arms, which
should be corrected b y replacement. W h e n re-
placements of this k i n d are made, it is important
to check the steering knuckle supports and sus-
pension arms to make sure that they have not been
damaged and to see that the camber and caster
are correct and equal on both sides; and that the
toe-in is correct.
1 1 . A d j u s t m e n t of Steering Stop Screws
Whenever a complete check of front wheel
alignment is made, it is well to check the adjust-
ment of the steering stop screws to prevent any
possibility of chassis interference w i t h the wheels
on turns or of the steering gear roller bottoming
in the housing. N o stop screw adjustment is re-
quired on series 37-75 and 85 cars, as stops are
provided i n the steering gear housing design.
T h e procedure for setting the stop screws on
the remaining series is as follows:
1. T u r n the front wheels to the exact straight-
ahead position and mark the steering wheel with
a piece of tape at the high point.
2. T u r n the steering wheel t w o complete revo-
lutions to the right and adjust the right hand stop
screw u n t i l it rests against the stop. Plate 10,
F i g . 13 shows the stop screw for series 37-65 and
70 cars.
3. A g a i n set the wheels i n a straight-ahead
position and t u r n the steering wheel two complete
turns to the left and adjust the left hand stop
screw as described above.
1 2 . Removing a n d Installing Steering
K n u c k l e a n d K n u c k l e P i n ( A l l Series)
T o remove the steering knuckle and knuckle p i n :
1. L i f t front end of car from floor w i t h j a c k
or hoist.
2. R e m o v e car wheel, wheel hub and brake
d r u m assembly, and wheel bearings.
3. Disconnect tie rod at steering arm pivot
ball joint.
4. R e m o v e brake dust shield.
Note: It is recommended that the brake hose
be disconnected during this operation,
although it is possible to remove dust
shield without doing so if care is exer-
cised not to damage brake hose.