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3.11 PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN THE COLD SEASON
During the cold season or in areas where the temperature is particularly low, especially during the night, it is ne-
cessary to take some countermeasures meant to limit the damage deriving from low temperatures.
3.11.1 FUEL AND LUBRICANTS
1 - Change the fuel and use the winter fuel ASTM D975 No. 1.
2 - Change the engine oil with an oil with suitable viscosity.
For the relevant specifications, see "4.3 FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS".
3.11.2 COOLANT
The coolant containing antifreeze is flammable; do not smoke and do not use naked flames during the
q
checks and when preparing the mixture.
Do not use methanol-, ethanol- or propanol-based antifreeze.
q
1 - If no permanent antifreeze is available, use an antifreeze mixture made of ethylene glycol with the addition of
anticorrosion and antifoam products.
Use this mixture only during the winter and when changing the coolant (in autumn or spring) wash the cooling
circuit (see "4.8.1 WHEN REQUIRED").
2 - The antifreeze-water ratio must be 50% (see "4.2.1.2 COOLANT"»).
3 - Do not use plugging additives, either alone or added to the antifreeze, to eliminate leakages.
4 - Do not mix antifreeze of different brands.
5 - If permanent antifreeze is used during the year, it is not necessary to change it and to wash the circuit.
6 - The required standards for permanent antifreeze are the following: SAE-J1034 and FEDERAL STANDARD
O-A-548D
In case of doubt regarding the compliance of the antifreeze used with the standards, contact the manufacturer
and ask for precise information.
PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN THE COLD SEASON
WARNING
127
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