Siemens SIPART PS2 Series Operating Instructions Manual page 328

Glossary
Factory Mutual
Industrial property insurer and certification agency in the USA. FM Global is one of the largest
industrial insurers in the world who are specialized in the field of technically-supported property
insurance. It offers services like product research, testing and certification.
Firmware
Firmware (FW) is software that is embedded on a chip in electronic devices – in contrast to
software which is saved on hard disks, CD-ROMs or other media. These days, firmware is
mostly stored in a flash memory or an EEPROM. Firmware is software in the hardware, and is
thus an intermediate between software and hardware. Firmware is normally model-specific.
This means that it does not function on other device models and is delivered by the
manufacturing company. The corresponding devices cannot function without the firmware. The
firmware mostly contains elementary functions to control the device, as well as input and output
routines.
Frequency shift keying
ENGLISH: Frequency shift keying (FSK)
Frequency shift keying is a simple modulation format in which digital values 0 and 1 are
represented by two different frequencies.
GSD file
The file that describes the properties of a PROFIBUS DP slave or a PROFINET IO device.
The GSD file is a database file for PROFIBUS devices. The device manufacturer provides the
corresponding GSD file containing the description of device properties. The information in the
file can be read using Engineering Tools.
HART
HART (Highway Addressable Remote Transducer) is a standardized and widely used
communication system for configuring industrial fieldbuses. This communication system
enables digital communication of multiple participants (field devices) using a common data bus.
HART implements the widely used 4/20 mA standard to transfer analog sensor signals.
Existing cables of the old system can be used directly and both systems can be operated
simultaneously. HART specifies several protocol levels in the OSI model. HART enables
transfer of process and diagnostics information and control signals between field devices and
the higher-level control system. Standardized parameter sets can be used for manufacturer-
independent operation of all HART devices.
HART communication
HART devices use the 4 to 20 mA lines for data exchange, and communicate with each other
using the HART protocol. The process enables bidirectional data exchange even in hazardous
environments. With HART communication, digital data from an FSK modem is modulated to the
analog 4 to 20 mA signals. As a result, additional information such as measuring and/or device
data can be transmitted without influencing the analog signals. The FSK modem required for
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SIPART PS2 with 4 to 20 mA/HART
Operating Instructions, 11/2019, A5E00074631-AE