Agilent Technologies PNA Series Service Manual page 146

Theory of Operation
Network Analyzer System Operation
Synthesized Source Group
The built-in synthesized source generates a swept, stepped, or continuous wave (CW)
signal in the frequency ranges as listed in
an internal automatic leveling control (ALC) circuit. In the standard analyzer, a portion of
the source signal is routed to one of the reference receivers (R1 or R2), and fed back to the
source for phase lock. In the Option 080 (frequency offset mode) analyzer, a portion of the
source signal is routed to a frequency offset receiver to provide the phase lock signal. The
maximum output power level of the network analyzer at the test ports is shown in
Table 5-1.
The operation of the source functional group is described in
page 5-6.
Table 5-1 Frequency Range and Maximum Output Power Level
10 MHz
Parameter
to
a
45 MHz
Max. Pwr. Out
−7 dBm
(Standard)
−7 dBm
(Option 014)
a. Values for 10 MHz to 45 MHz and 67 GHz to 70 GHz are typical.
Signal Separation Group
The source signal is separated into a reference path and a test path. The reference signal is
transmitted to the receiver group. The test signal is transmitted through—and reflected
from—the DUT and then is transmitted to the receiver group.
The signal separation group also provides:
• RF path switching to allow forward and reverse measurements
• external connections for the DUT (Option 014)
Refer to "Signal Separation Group Operation" on page
Receiver Group
The receiver converts the test signal to a 41 kHz intermediate frequency (IF) for signal
processing, retaining both magnitude and phase characteristics. The IF signal is converted
to a digital signal by the digital processing group.
Refer to "Receiver Group Operation" on page
Frequency Offset Group
This group provides the phase lock needed for frequency offset mode (Option 080), where
the source and receivers are tuned to different frequencies.
Refer to "Frequency Offset Group Operation (Option 080)" on page
5-4
Table
45 MHz 0.5 GHz 10 GHz
to to to
0.5 GHz 10 GHz 30 GHz
−3 dBm 0 dBm +1 dBm
−3 dBm 0 dBm 0 dBm
PNA Series Microwave Network Analyzers
5-1. The source output power is leveled by
"Source Group Operation" on
Frequency Range
30 GHz 40 GHz
to to
40 GHz 45 GHz
−1 dBm −5 dBm
−2 dBm −6 dBm
5-16.
5-20.
E8361A
60 GHz
45 GHz 50 GHz
to to
50 GHz 60 GHz
70 GHz
−1 dBm −3 dBm −5 dBm
−2 dBm −4 dBm −7 dBm
5-23.
Service Guide E8361-90001
to
a