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Gaussmeter IGM11 Operating Instructions
Chapter 3 Function of the Gaussmeter
Function of the Gaussmeter
The Hall Effect
3.1.1 Linear Properties of the Hall Probe
The measurement is based on the deflection of charge carriers in a magnetic field
inside a conductor. Thus, the basis of the measurement of the magnetic flux density is
the Lorentz force. If you apply voltage between the beginning and the end of a flat
electrical conductor, the charge carriers move with a rate of
v
E
, whereby
Drift
n
e
represents the charge carrier mobility inside the conductor. Due to their high mo-
n
bility, the charge carriers are always electrons. In a displacement by 90° to the current
direction, you can tap a voltage which is ideally proportional to the magnetic flux
density. Only the part of the flux density becomes effective which runs perpendicular
through the flat side of the conductor.
B
S2
C2
C1
S1
Figure 2 Basic Assembly of a Hall Probe
If you do not extract any current from the electrodes S1 and S2, but only measure the
voltage, the following applies:
U
I
n
e
Hall
B
e
w
w
t
Page 10 / 92
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