BMW G12 Product Information page 13

G12￿Driver￿Assistance￿Systems
3.￿KAFAS
In￿principle,￿the￿evaluation￿electronics￿in￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿use￿the￿same￿effect￿as￿is￿used￿in￿a
human￿to￿create￿spatial￿vision.￿This￿is￿known￿as￿the￿parallax￿shift￿between￿two￿images.
The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿not￿only￿enables￿the￿position￿of￿an￿object￿to￿be￿determined,￿but￿also￿its
movement￿and￿direction￿of￿movement.￿For￿every￿pixel￿of￿a￿detected￿object,￿the￿direction￿of￿movement
on￿the￿horizontal,￿vertical￿and￿longitudinal￿axis￿can￿be￿determined.
The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿has￿a￿detection￿range￿of￿up￿to￿approximately￿40 m￿ahead￿of￿the￿vehicle￿and
up￿to￿approximately￿5 m￿in￿front￿of￿the￿vehicle￿on￿the￿right￿and￿left.￿The￿overall￿detection￿range￿of￿the
KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿is￿approximately￿500￿m.
3.2.￿Person￿recognition
The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿captures￿the￿scene￿in￿front￿of￿the￿vehicle￿and￿detects￿entire￿rear￿views￿of
moving￿and￿stationary￿vehicles￿in￿the￿field￿of￿view￿using￿image￿processing.￿The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera
also￿ensures￿that￿driving￿lane￿information,￿vehicle￿positions￿and￿movements￿are￿determined￿at￿the
same￿time.
With￿the￿aid￿of￿the￿image￿data￿from￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera,￿objects￿can￿be￿clearly￿identified￿as
vehicles￿and￿their￿transverse￿movements￿as￿lane￿changes.￿The￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera￿also￿detects
people￿and￿cyclists.
Example￿of￿pedestrian￿recognition￿by￿the￿KAFAS￿stereo￿camera:￿pedestrian￿approaching￿from￿the￿side￿steps￿into￿the￿road￿and￿is￿partially￿hidden
The￿two￿separate￿optical￿paths￿are￿also￿beneficial￿in￿challenging￿conditions,￿for￿example￿difficult
lighting￿conditions,￿where￿there￿is￿low￿contrast￿between￿the￿image￿and￿background￿or￿when￿several
objects￿are￿closely￿lined￿up￿one￿after￿the￿other.
Thanks￿to￿the￿redundant￿image￿detection￿of￿the￿stereo￿camera,￿it￿is￿now￿possible￿to￿reliably￿detect
obstacles￿and￿determine￿their￿size￿from￿a￿single￿image.
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