Orientation Interpolation And Orientation Reference - Siemens SINUMERIK 828D Manual

3.5
Important functions for 3- to 5-axis machining

3.5.4 Orientation interpolation and orientation reference

In the NC program, the tool orientation relative to the workpiece is specified block-by-block by
vectors (A3, B3, C3) or angles ((axis positions A, B, C), Euler or RPY angles (A2, B2, C2) or
(LEAD/TILT)). In 5-axis simultaneous machining, these normally change in each block. If the
machine is now to be moved in accordance with the specifications of the NC program, the
orientation must be continuously changed synchronous to the path motion.
Motion interpolation in the 3-axis area
New X, Y and Z coordinates are specified block-by-block. However, there are obviously
numerous ways to move a tool from one position to the next. This can be performed along a
straight line (G1), on an arc (G2, G3) or also on a spline curve (ASPLINE, BSPLINE, CSPLINE).
In each case, there is a different movement although the programmed coordinates are identical.
Therefore, to clearly describe the desired movement, it is not sufficient to only specify the
coordinates, the way in which traversing is performed from one coordinate to the next must also
be specified. This is performed using the G codes of group 1.
Interpolation of the tool orientation in a point
In the same way, there are numerous ways to move from one tool orientation (X1, Y1, Z1) to the
next (X2, Y2, Z2). This can be performed by moving the vector in a plane, on a conical surface or
an otherwise curved surface. These are shown in the following graphics.
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