Setting Exposure Values To The Age Group; The References Pertinent To The Potential Risks For Pediatric Patients - Vatech PaX-i3D Smart User Manual

13. Appendices
4. Direct the patient to the lips closed around the bite block during the exposure.
5. Direct the patient to swallow and note the flat position of the tongue. Request that the
patient suck in the cheeks, pushing the tongue into the correct flat position against
the palate and maintain this position throughout the exposure.
13.4.3

Setting exposure values to the age group

For more information about this topic, refer to the Appendices 13.1 Recommended
X-Ray Exposure Table.
13.4.4 The references pertinent to the potential risks for the
pediatric patients
1. I. ESPELID, I. MEJÀRE, K. WEERHEIJM: EAPD guidelines for use of radiographs in
children, P40-48. European Journal of Pediatric Dentistry 1/2003
Guidelines in dental radiology are designed to avoid unnecessary exposure
to X-radiation and to identify individuals who may benefit from a radiographic
examination. Every prescription of radiographs should be based on an evaluation of
the individual patient benefit. Due to the relatively high frequency of caries among 5
year old children it is recommended to consider dental radiography for each child
even without any visible caries or restorations. Furthermore, radiography should be
considered at 8-9 years of age and then at 12-14, that is 1-2 years after eruption of
premolars and second molars. Additional bitewing controls should be based on an
overall assessment of the caries activity/risk. The high-risk patient should be examined
radiographically annually, while a 2-3 years interval should be considered when caries
activity/risk is low. Routine survey by radiographs, except for caries, has not been
shown to provide sufficient information to be justified considering the balance between
cost (radiation and resources) and benefit.
2. MICHAEL L. TAYLOR, B.SC. TOMAS KRON, PH.D., AND RICK D. FRANICH, PH.D.:
ASSESSMENT OF OUT-OF-FIELD DOSES IN RADIOTHERAPY OF BRAIN LESIONS
IN CHILDREN, Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys., Vol. -, No. -, pp. 1–7, 2010
To characterize the out-of-field doses in pediatric radiotherapy and to identify simple
methods by which out-of-field dose might be minimized, with a view to reducing the
risk of secondary cancers
Out-of-field doses to pediatric patients can be minimized by using simple treatment
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