Vatech A9 User Manual
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Vatech A9 User Manual

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  • Page 2 Notice vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 3 Thank you for purchasing the vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) extra-oral imaging system. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) is one of the manufacturer’s product series for aiding dental professionals in providing excellent care in a safe environment that promotes healing.
  • Page 4 Notice Left blank intentionally vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    4.1 System Components .................... 29 4.2 Features ....................... 29 4.3 Imaging System Options ..................29 4.4 Standards and Regulations ................. 30 4.5 Operating Principles .................... 30 4.6 Imaging System Configuration ................31 4.7 Equipment Overview .................... 32 vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 6 8.1 CEPH Imaging Program Overview ..............77 8.2 Configuring Exposure Parameters ..............80 8.3 Patient Positioning ....................83 8.4 X-ray Exposure ...................... 95 8.5 Finishing the Scan ....................95 8.6 Checking the Captured Images ................96 vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 7 12.4 QA Test Procedure ................... 131 13. Disposing of the Equipment 14. Technical Specifications 14.1 Mechanical Specifications ................143 14.2 Technical Specifications .................. 147 14.3 Electrical Specifications .................. 152 14.4 Environmental Specifications ................. 153 vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 8 15.3 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Information ........175 15.4 Acquiring Images for Pediatric Dental Patients ..........178 15.5 Degree of cervical ghost occurrence according to Forward head posture ..................... 189 15.6 Abbreviations ....................192 vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 9: Introduction

    1. Introduction Introduction Overview vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) is an advanced 3-in-1 digital X-ray imaging system that incorporates PANO, CEPH (Optional), and CBCT scan imaging capabilities into a single system. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS), a digital radiography imaging system, exposure an X-ray to a sitting patient and acquires and processes diagnostic images for dentists.

  • Page 10: Intended Purposes

    Assessment of fractures on maxilla, mandible, and fractures of teeth where plain film imaging is equivocal. • Reconstruction of position, malformations, and fractures of maxilla & mandible bones and nasal bone as 3D pictures for operational planning and patient education. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 11: Intended User Profiles

    Experience Understanding of the normal operation of diagnostic  medical radiation equipment Understanding the contents of the User Manual  Qualified personnel should use X-ray CBCT (dentists, dental hygienists, or radiologists only). vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 12 1. Introduction Left blank intentionally vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 13: General Information

    A VATECH-authorized technician has installed the equipment.  The equipment has been installed by all the cautions and conditions required for  installation. The good VATECH approved equipment and components have always been  used. A VATECH-authorized agent has performed all maintenance and repairs. ...

  • Page 14: Conventions In This Manual

    Indicates a possible danger from radiation RADIATION exposure. Indicates a component that must be SINGLE USE replaced for each new patient. Indicates that an item is susceptible to damage from electrostatic discharges. susceptibility vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 15: Marks And Symbols

    This indicates addresses where the Label equipment was manufactured. This indicates that electrical and electronic equipment must not be disposed of as Label unsorted municipal waste and must be collected separately. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 16 This indicates that the user needs to refer to Label the User Manual. Label This indicates the date of manufacture. This indicates the manufacturer's serial Label number so that the specific equipment can be identified. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 17 - X-ray / Attention: X-ray on when equipment in operation. X-RAY GENERATOR Label : 1.0 kW Generator CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT Label Manufacturer Label : The date of manufacture / Serial Number of the equipment vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 18 2. General Information Left blank intentionally vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 19: Warnings And Precautions

    Observe all local fire regulations. Always keep a fire extinguisher near the  equipment. The operator of this equipment must be familiar with this equipment’s emergency  protocols. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 20 If this product is exposed to water, moisture, or a foreign substance, immediately  turn off the main power of the equipment and contact your VATECH technical support representative. If there are signs of oil leakage, immediately cease all operations of this ...
  • Page 21 Switch to immediately stop all moving parts and cut off all power to the equipment. (Emergency Stop Switch is located under the bottom of the Handle Frame. Turn the switch in the direction of the arrow to reboot the equipment.) vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 22 Modifying the equipment in any way which may affect the safety of the operator,  patients, or other persons is prohibited by law. No part of this equipment is serviceable by the operator. A VATECH qualified  service technician must perform all maintenance and repair of this equipment.

  • Page 23: Electricity-Related Safety Precautions

    Therefore, the use of mobile wireless phones in medical offices or hospital environments must be prohibited. For more details, refer to 15.3 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)  Information. Please also observe the Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) protective measures  described. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 24 Electrostatic discharge of your own body with the frame of the equipment, the  protective ground wire, or large metallic objects Use of the wristband for grounding  vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 25: Radiation Safety

    Children and pregnant women must consult with a doctor before X-ray exposure.  As a manufacturer of radiology equipment that conforms to stringent protection standards around the world, we guarantee the maximum degree of protection against radiation hazards for our equipment. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 26: Warnings

    CT or MR should be used instead of dental cone beam imaging. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) system, like  other medical equipment, uses high-frequency electrical signals that can interfere with implantable green devices such as pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators (ICDs).
  • Page 27 The use of accessories and cables other than those specified, except cables sold  by VATECH of the medical electrical equipment or medical electrical system as replacement parts for internal components, may result in increased EMISSIONS or decreased IMMUNITY of EQUIPMENT or SYSTEM.
  • Page 28 Equipment should only be installed by an authorized technician, complying with  proper installation procedures. For further details on installation, refer to the vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) Installation Manual. Security Capabilities It is recommended to install and operate EzDent-i SW within a secure operating ...

  • Page 29: Imaging System Overview

    4. Imaging System Overview Imaging System Overview System Components vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) X-ray equipment  PC system  Console Software: PANO, CEPH (Optional), and CBCT Scan  EzDent-i: 2D viewer and patient management software  Ez3D-i: 3D viewer software ...

  • Page 30: Standards And Regulations

    4. Imaging System Overview Standards and Regulations Standards vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) is designed and developed to comply with the following international standards and regulations: MEDICAL - APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION EQUIPMENT AS TO  ELECTRICAL SHOCK, FIRE AND MECHANICAL HAZARDS ONLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH ANSI/AAMI ES60601-1 (2005) + AMD 1 (2012), CAN/CSA-C22.2 No.

  • Page 31: Imaging System Configuration

    4. Imaging System Overview Imaging System Configuration PC Signal Input/Output Item 3D viewer License Key Video output Giga Ethernet Cable vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 32: Equipment Overview

    D-Sub Connector Emergency Stop Immediately stops the moving parts and cuts off all Switch power to the equipment’s electrical components. Column UP/DOWN Adjust column height to adjust the height of the button vertical frame. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 33 Rotating Unit (Its movement is different according to the scan mode.) 4.7.1 Control Panel Buttons Description Moves the Vertical Frame up or down. COLUMN UP/DOWN Button (For adjusting the height of the Chinrest) vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 34 The Exposure Switch is detachable. Ensure the Exposure Switch cable is not detached from the unit accidentally during the operation. Keep vocal/visual contact with the patient during exposure. If any problem occurs during exposure, release the Exposure Switch immediately. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 35 Asian countries and Mexico. copolymer ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene Special Chinrest styrene) copolymer ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene Normal Chinrest styrene) copolymer Ear Rods (1 set) Silicone Nasal Positioner Cover Silicone - For CEPH vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 36 Sanitary Vinyl Covers (disposable) for the Bite (Polypropylene + Polyethylene) Protractor (1 set) - For positioning the patient’s body in CEPH (Polycarbonate) mode. ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene Up/Down Switch and Holder (Option) styrene) copolymer vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 37 When the chair is raised to the top level or the upper part of the chair without  vertical movement should be 580 mm or more from the ground. Must have casters to facilitate chair movement  vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 38 'backrest' is used, image quality degradation may occur due to the patient leaning on his/her back. Before using a chair with a backrest, it is required to check the appendix section. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 39: Imaging Software Overview

    DVD-ROM, DVD+/-RW, Blu-Ray 19” 1280x1024 screen resolution Monitor Windows 10 Professional 64-Bit OS Operating System Recommended HP Z1G5 System *. If an ethernet card is not installed in your PC, purchase an Ethernet card separately. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 40: Ezdent-I

    The software can be updated by the manufacturer only.  Unauthorized software update through a third party, not the manufacturer, is prohibited. For cybersecurity issues related to the software and medical devices, please contact the manufacturer. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 41: Console Software

    Volume volume control bar with your mouse. After moving the bar, button release the mouse to play the current volume and save the current volume. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 42 The radiation mark turns yellow, and the lamp image X-ray indicator changes to colored. Scan Displays estimated DAP (Dose Area Product), scan time, Information and exposure time after exposure parameter settings are window completed. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 43 Soft ≤ Normal ≤ Hard X-ray intensity Displays the current patient’s gender/age group as entered in EzDent-i’s patient information fields. If necessary, the gender/ age group can be manually selected. Patient’s gender/age group vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 44 Imaging Parameters Configuration panel. EXIT button Exits the console software. After completing the X-Ray survey, a pop-up message appears to show the progress of the image acquisition and display a preview of the acquired image. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 45: Getting Started

    Press the Main Power Switch that is located under the Handle frame to turn on the equipment. Main Power Switch isolates its circuits electrically from the supply mains on all poles simultaneously. Make sure that the White LED light at the top of the equipment is on. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 46: Running The Image Viewer (Ezdent-I)

    Console Software easily and rapidly. On your desktop, double-click the EzDent-i icon. The EzDent-i main window will be displayed. For vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) dental computed tomography X-ray system, both 3D viewer (Ez3D-i) and Console Software are being accessed through 2D viewer (EzDent-i) SW.
  • Page 47 Double-click the Keyboard icon to display the virtual keyboard. You may search for patient information using the virtual keyboard. Double-click the patient information to see more details about the patient, as shown below. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 48: Initiating The Console Software

    The Main Screen for the selected mode appears. From the Main Screen, you can configure the imaging parameter settings before acquiring an image. Refer to the following chapters (7~9) for more information on image acquisition. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 49: Acquiring Pano Images

    X-ray beam scanning specific oral & maxillofacial regions at different angles. Examination Programs  It is classified as below based on the ROI (Region of Interest). Examination Arch Selection Example Type Right Front Narrow Normal PANO Examination Wide Orthogonal Left Standard vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 50 7. Acquiring PANO Images Examination Arch Selection Example Type Right Front Child Left PANO Examination Standard Right Orthogonal Front vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 51 7. Acquiring PANO Images Examination Arch Selection Example Type Left Bitewing Right* Standard PANO Orthogonal Examination Bitewing Left* Bitewing* Bitewing Incisor* (Optional) vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 52 TMJ LAT Open TMJ LAT Close TMJ PA Open (Optional) TMJ PA Close (Optional) Sinus LAT (Optional) Sinus PA * Bitewing imaging mode is activated only when Orthogonal is selected in Arch Selection. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 53 A panoramic imaging mode for child trajectory. Child Standard A panoramic imaging mode to minimize the overlapped region of the teeth from the X-ray exposure, which is beamed perpendicularly between teeth. Orthogonal Standard vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 54 SPECIAL Open/Close close. Examination (Optional) A special imaging mode to acquire a Sinus image, in which an X-ray beam is directed on the lateral region of the maxillary sinus. Sinus LAT (Optional) vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 55 Sinus image, in which an X-ray beam is directed on the frontal region of the maxillary sinus. Sinus PA Bitewing imaging mode is activated only when Orthogonal is selected in Arch Selection. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 56: Configuring Exposure Parameters

    7. Acquiring PANO Images Configuring Exposure Parameters To acquire PANO Images, 6. Getting Started must be completed first. If not, you must return to the 6. Getting Started and finish the step first. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 57 If Orthogonal Arch is selected, Orthogonal Bitewing examinations (Bitewing, Bitewing Incisor (Optional), Bitewing Right, Bitewing Left) are activated. Panoramic image of child palatal arches, more than 40% less Child X-ray dose than in Normal mode. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 58  For more information about the Examination Program, refer to the 7.1 PANO Imaging Program Overview. The Gender/Age group of the patient is selected automatically based on the patient information. If necessary, you can select the option manually. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 59  The Vertical Beam will be activated to make patient positioning easier.  The DAP (Dose Area Product), Scan Time, and Exposure Time will be displayed below the Scan Information window. Guide the patient to the equipment. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 60: Patient Positioning

    Have the patient wear a lead apron to protect themselves from residual radiation. Use the Column UP/DOWN button in the Handle frame or use the switch option to adjust the equipment to match the sitting height of the patient. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 61 Push the Chinrest attachment part on the handle frame towards the machine until the end of the Chinrest attachment part is printed in "-PANO-" silk. Push until you hear a “click” sound. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 62 Have the patient bite the Bite by mouth. (a little) Position the patient's back and cervical spine as straight as possible. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 63 Let the patient bite the Bite along its grooves with his/her front teeth.  Let the patient maintain the position described below. • Close the mouth. • Place the tongue on the roof of the mouth. • Close the eyes. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 64 Horizontal Beam is aligned to the patient's face horizontally. Vertical Beam /Mid-sagittal Line Finishing Patient Positioning Click the READY button. X-ray exposure has not started yet. Now go to 7.4 X-ray Exposure to start the exposure. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 65 If a chair with a backrest is used, make sure that the patient's back is away from the backrest of the chair for proper positioning. Position the patient's back and cervical spine as straight as possible. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 66 Let the patient bite the Bite along its grooves with his/her front teeth.  Let the patient maintain the position described below. Finishing Patient Positioning Click the READY button. X-ray exposure has not started yet. Now go to 7.4 X-ray Exposure to start the exposure. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 67 Guide the patient to sit in the center of the equipment If a chair with a backrest is used, make sure that the patient's back is away from the backrest of the chair for proper positioning. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 68   As shown in the picture, the support unit of the integrated Chinrest should touch the patient's acanthion point.  Ask the patient to maintain his/her position until the operation is completed. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 69 Horizontal Beam is aligned to the patient's face horizontally. Vertical Beam /Mid-sagittal Line Horizontal Beam/Frankfurt Line Finishing Patient Positioning Click the READY button. X-ray exposure has not started yet. Now go to 7.4 X-ray Exposure to start the exposure. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 70 Make sure the patient's chest is in contact with the equipment.  Keep both shoulders parallel.  Straighten the patient's cervical spine and sit still.  Let the patient bite the Bite along its grooves with his/her front teeth.  vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 71  Let the patient maintain his/her position until the operation is completed. Laser Beam Aligning This is the same as the one for TMJ Open mode. Finishing Patient Positioning This is the same as the one for TMJ Open mode. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 72 Hold the handle firmly.  Make sure the patient's chest is in contact with the equipment.  Keep both shoulders parallel.  Straighten the patient's cervical spine and sit still.  vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 73   As shown in the picture, the support unit of the integrated Chinrest should touch the patient's acanthion point.  Ask the patient to maintain his/her position until the operation is completed. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 74 Horizontal Beam is aligned to the patient's face horizontally. Finishing Patient Positioning Click the READY button. X-ray exposure has not started yet. Now go to 7.4 X-ray Exposure to start the exposure. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 75: X-Ray Exposure

    An alert sound comes out to indicate that X-ray emission  is currently underway. On Console Software, the radiation mark turns Yellow.  Release the Exposure Switch when the “Image capturing is completed” message appears on the screen. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 76: Finishing The Scan

    The images are automatically saved if the automatic save option is configured as default. If it is not configured as default, click the Save button to save the images. To check the image, double-click the one on the Patient List. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 77: Acquiring Ceph Images (Optional)

    Image Acquisition Method  It acquires multiple images by scanning the specific oral & maxillofacial regions with the linear movement of the linear detector and reconstructs them to a single 2D image through computer calculations. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 78 Also used to study the inner and outer alar plates and holes at the base of the skull. <SMV> vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 79 <Waters’ view> Used to assess hand bone age to  Carpus compare the changes in the skull. <Carpus> vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 80: Configuring Exposure Parameters

    To acquire CEPH images, 6. Getting Started must be completed first. It is able to set the imaging parameters on the Console Software running on the PC. They are synchronized and display the same environmental settings. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 81 Select an Image Option. Select an examination program in the CEPH Examination panel. The Gender/Age group of the patient is selected automatically based on the patient information. If necessary, you can select the option manually. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 82  The Vertical Beam will be activated to make patient positioning easier.  The DAP (Dose Area Product), Scan Time, and Exposure Time will be displayed below the Scan Information window. Guide the patient to the equipment. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 83: Patient Positioning

    Have the patient wear a lead apron to protect themselves from residual radiation. Use the Column UP/DOWN button in the Handle frame or use the switch option to adjust the equipment to match the sitting height of the patient. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 84 Use the Porion Position Reference Indicator that appears in the acquired image to confirm the location of Porion quickly. Guide the patient to the CEPH unit. Instruct the patient to relax the neck and shoulders and sit upright. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 85 Align horizontally, so the patient's Frankfurt Line is parallel with the floor. Direct the patient to swallow first before closing the mouth and to remain in his/her current position until image acquisition is completed. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 86 8. Acquiring CEPH Images (Optional) Click the READY button. The x-ray exposure has not started yet. 10. Now go to 8.4 X-ray Exposure to start the exposure. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 87 Turn the Nasal Positioner to the PA/Waters’ view/Carpus mode Positioning Marker, as shown below. Fold the Nasal Positioner up. The Nasal Positioner is not used in PA mode. Guide the patient to the CEPH unit. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 88 Direct the patient to swallow first before closing his/her mouth and to remain in his/her current position until image acquisition is completed. Click the READY button. The x-ray exposure has not started yet. Now go to 8.4 X-ray Exposure to start the exposure. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 89 Turn the Nasal Positioner to the SMV mode Positioning Marker, as shown below. Fold the Nasal Positioner up. The Nasal Positioner is not used in SMV mode. Guide the patient to the CEPH unit. Guide the patient to face the X-ray tube and sit upright. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 90 Direct the patient to swallow first before closing his/her mouth and to remain in his/her current position until image acquisition is completed. Click the READY button. The x-ray exposure has not started yet. Now go to 8.4 X-ray Exposure to start the exposure. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 91 Direct the patient to swallow first before closing his/her mouth and guide the patient to bend the head backward 30˚ - 40˚. Direct the patient to remain in the current position until image acquisition is completed. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 92 8. Acquiring CEPH Images (Optional) Click the READY button. The x-ray exposure has not started yet. Now go to 8.4 X-ray Exposure to start the exposure. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 93 Fold the Nasal Positioner up. The Nasal Positioner is not used in Carpus mode. Fit the two ends of the Carpus Plate into the two holes of the CEPH unit as below. Confirm that the Carpus Plate is safely mounted. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 94 Ask the patient to close his/her eyes and sit still until the image acquisition is completed. Click the READY button. The x-ray exposure has not started yet. Now go to 8.4 X-ray Exposure to start the exposure. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 95: X-Ray Exposure

    Release the Exposure Switch when the “Image capturing is completed” message appears on the screen. Finishing the Scan Leave enough space between the Ear Rods. Fold the Nasal Positioner up in case it is unfolded. Guide the patient out of the equipment. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 96: Checking The Captured Images

    The images are automatically saved if the automatic save option is configured as default. If it is not configured as default, click the Save button to save the images. To check the image, double-click the one on the Patient List. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 97: Acquiring Cbct Images

    It acquires images with the X-ray beam scanning specific oral & maxillofacial regions and reconstructs them to 3D sliced images. Examination Programs  It is classified as below based on the FOV. Available Description FOVs (cm) - Covers both maxillary and mandibular areas. <Occlusion/Center> vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 98: Configuring Exposure Parameters

    To acquire CBCT Images, 6. Getting Started must be completed first. You can set the imaging parameters on the Console Software running on the PC. They are synchronized and display the same environmental settings. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 99 Horizontal option Occlusion Center Select an Image Option. Select a Voxel Size. MAR (Metal Artifact Reduction) function is applied automatically if there are metal objects in the image. MAR may increase image reconstruction time. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 100 The values of tube voltage and current are configured automatically according to the patient's gender/age group and X-ray intensity. Click the UP/DOWN arrow to adjust kVp and mA. The dose is adjustable by ±1 kVp and ± 0.1 mA, respectively. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 101  The Vertical Beam will be activated to make patient positioning easier.  The DAP (Dose Area Product), Scan Time, and Exposure Time will be displayed below the Scan Information window. Guide the patient to the equipment. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 102: Configuring The Third Molar Teeth Exposure Parameters (Optional)

    9. Acquiring CBCT Images Configuring the third molar teeth exposure parameters (optional) This feature is the only available option in some Asian  countries and Mexico. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 103 Horizontal option Occlusion Center Select an Image Option. Select a Voxel Size. MAR (Metal Artifact Reduction) function is applied automatically if there are metal objects in the image. MAR may increase image reconstruction time. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 104  The Vertical Beam will be activated to make patient positioning easier.  The DAP (Dose Area Product), Scan Time, and Exposure Time will be displayed below the Scan Information window. Guide the patient to the equipment. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 105: Patient Positioning

    Have the patient wear a lead apron to protect themselves from residual radiation. Use the Column UP/DOWN button in the Handle frame or use the switch option to adjust the equipment to match the sitting height of the patient. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 106 Pull the Chinrest attachment part on the handle frame towards the machine until the end of the Chinrest attachment part is printed in "-CBCT-" silk. Pull until you hear a “click” sound. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 107 Guide the patient to sit in the center of the equipment If a chair with a backrest is used, make sure that the patient's back is away from the backrest of the chair for proper positioning. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 108 Make sure the patient's chest is in contact with the equipment.  Keep both shoulders parallel.  Straighten the patient's cervical spine and sit still.  Let the patient bite the Bite along its grooves with his/her front teeth.  vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 109 9. Acquiring CBCT Images Let the patient maintain the posture as follows: Close the mouth.  Place the tongue on the roof of the mouth.  Close the eyes.  vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 110 Guide the patient to sit in the center of the equipment If a chair with a backrest is used, make sure that the patient's back is away from the backrest of the chair for proper positioning. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 111 Let the patient bite the Bite along its grooves with his/her front teeth.  Let the patient maintain the posture as follows: Close the mouth.  Place the tongue on the roof of the mouth.  Close the eyes.  vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 112 This is a sample illustration for reference only. Actual FOV may vary from the image, as shown above. Align the Vertical Beam with the center of the face (Mid-sagittal Line). (It is to prevent the horizontal expansion of the image) vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 113 After checking the positions of the patient and the Laser Beam, prevent the patient's head from moving. Click the READY button. X-ray exposure has not started yet. Now go to 9.5 X-ray Exposure to start the exposure. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 114: X-Ray Exposure

    An alert sound comes out to indicate that X-ray emission  is currently underway. On Console Software, the radiation mark turns Green.  Release the Exposure Switch when the “Image capturing is completed” message appears on the screen. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 115: Finishing The Scan

    If it is not configured as default, click the Save button to save the images. To check the image, double-click the one on the Patient List. Then, Ez3D-I automatically starts a 3D viewing of the saved image. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 116: Image Comparison According To Patient Position - Incorrect Posture

    (Cervical part Ghost image) Position the patient's back and cervical spine in a position that is as straight as possible. Forward head posture Normal C-shaped neck (Turtle neck syndrome) Artifact Occurrence (Cervical Spine Part Ghost ) vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 117 For patients with head-down posture, artifacts may occur as shown in the image below. (arranged in a V shape) Make sure the patient does not down their head. Normal C-shaped neck Head-down posture vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 118 For patients with non-central location posture, artifacts may occur as shown in the image below. (left/right asymmetry) Guide the patient to be positioned in the central position. Central location Non-central location Artifact occurrence (left/right asymmetry) vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 119: Troubleshooting

    If the Laser Beam has shut off and patient positioning cannot be performed Cause Actions to be taken Expiration of the time Press the Laser Beam button to turn on the Laser Beam. allotted for patient positioning vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 120: Error Codes

    Appears when there is ±1mA or more current difference in tube current feedback compared to the average value Appears when the temperature of the mono tank is above the setting temperature vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 121 It appears if the exposure switch is pressed when turning on the equipment. It appears if X-ray exposure is stopped by releasing the exposure switch. 10.2.1.4 Subcode – Other error (004) Tail Description code Appears when there is no response during CAN communication. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 122 Appears when the frame grabber interface cannot be initialized, or memory for acquisition cannot be reserved Appears when the MCU is not communicable, or the modem ring signal is in an improper state vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 123 Description code Appears when bugs exist in VXM-file or there is insufficient memory 10.2.3.4 Subcode – Hardware related error (061) Tail Description code Error Appears when the error occurs during acquisition module operation vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 124 10. Troubleshooting Left blank intentionally vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 125: 11. Cleaning And Disinfection

    The equipment surfaces can be cleaned with a soft cloth damped in a non-  alcohol-based, non-corrosive cleaning solution. Do not use sponges or, in any case, any material that can be reused. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 126: Disinfection

    Damages to surfaces and materials due to the use of different products cannot be  excluded even if they are not included in the exceptions mentioned above. Use a non-alcoholic chlorine dioxide-based disinfectant.  vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 127: 12. Maintenance

    12. Maintenance The equipment must be installed and maintained on a flat surface. VATECH requires periodic constancy tests to ensure image quality and safety for the patient and the operator. Only VATECH-authorized technicians can perform inspection and service for the equipment.

  • Page 128: Maintenance Task Checklist

    X-ray emission. Ensure that all visible labels are intact and legible. Weekly Check for damages to the Exposure Switch cable. Monthly Confirm that the audio message is audible throughout the exposure. Monthly vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 129: Qa Test

    - IEC 61223-2-6 - IEC 61223-3-5 Uniformity Check Phantom  Manufacturer VATECH Co., Ltd.  Intended Use CT Image Homogeneity Inspection CT Image Noise Inspection  Complies with - IEC 61223-2-6 - IEC 61223-3-5 vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 130 Low Contrast Resolution Inspection High Contrast Resolution Inspection  Complies with - IEC 61223-2-6 - IEC 61223-3-5 Phantom Jig Assembly  Manufacturer VATECH Co., Ltd.  Intended Use - CT Image Inspection - CT Image Calibration vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 131: Qa Test Procedure

    For technical assistance for QA tests, contact your local VATECH service  representative. If the test criteria are not met, contact your local VATECH service representative.  12.4.1 QA CT Number Test Follow the CT Number Test procedure below to produce correct images and analyze the User Phantom.
  • Page 132 Make the PHANTOM JIG ASS’Y level by using BUBBLE LEVEL and three ALIGN PINs. Put CT NUMBER CHECK PHANTOM on the PHANTOM JIG ASS’Y. ID Number CT NUMBER PHANTOM Run the EzDent-i and click to add a patient for QA TEST. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 133 Gender/Age group X-ray Intensity Hard Click the Confirm button. Click the READY button when enabled. Capture the PHANTOM image according to Console Software instructions. When image capturing is completed, save the image in EzDent-i. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 134 5.5.4, 5.5.5 WATER 0 HU -50 HU 50 HU 980 HU TEFLON 900 HU 1100 HU Record the mean CT Number value of each material. Remove User Phantom from the PHANTOM JIG ASS’Y. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 135 Put UNIFORMITY CHECK PHANTOM on the PHANTOM JIG ASS’Y. ID Number UNIFORMITY CHECK PHANTOM Choose the CBCT button in the Console Software. Select an item below. Item Value FOV (Diameter x Height) 8 x 8 Image Option High Resolution vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 136 Make the four boxes next to each 25 mm line as shown below. Try to make each box as close to 25.0 mm2 in the area as possible. Put the 4 ROIs at the end of each 25 mm line. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 137 JIG TOP on the PHANTOM JIG BOTTOM. Make the PHANTOM JIG ASS’Y level by using BUBBLE LEVEL and three ALIGN PINs. Put S&C CHECK PHANTOM on the PHANTOM JIG ASS’Y. ID Number S&C CHECK PHANTOM vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 138 Voxel Size (0.20) Standard Gender/Age group X-ray Intensity Hard Click the READY button when enabled. Capture the PHANTOM image according to Console Software instructions. 10. When image capturing is completed, save the image in EzDent-i. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 139 (Polyethylene) cylinder at a distance of 50 cm (20 inches) from the monitor. Parameters Material Minimum visible size High Contrast Resolution Air Hole 1.0mm Low Contrast Resolution PE cylinder 8.0mm <High Contrast Resolution> <Low Contrast Resolution> vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 140 12. Maintenance Left blank intentionally vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 141: 13. Disposing Of The Equipment

    This dental equipment shall not be disposed of as domestic garbage materials. Clean/Disinfect/Sterilize the equipment before disassembling it and disposing of its parts. Observe all regulations relevant to the disposal of waste in your country. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 142 13. Disposing of the Equipment Left blank intentionally vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 143: 14. Technical Specifications

    14. Technical Specifications 14. Technical Specifications 14.1 Mechanical Specifications 14.1.1 Dimensions unit = mm With CEPH Without CEPH Top view (with Base) Front View (with Base) Top view (without Base) Front View (without Base) vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 144 (with Base) 66.7 66.7 39.3 39.3 35.3 38.8 76.4 Top view 34.8 34.8 51.8 (without 51.8 46.6 46.6 Base) 76.4 73.8 30.4 Front View (without 76.7 76.7 Base) 61.0 61.0 38.5 34.6 38.5 vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 145 1938.9 (L) x 1314.5 (W) x 1966.0 (H) (mm) 76.4 (L) x 51.8 (W) x 77.4 (H) (inch) Base Stand/Wall Mount Installation type (Default: Wall Mount type) Main Box, CEPH Box (Optional), Base Box Packing Box Organization (Optional) vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 146 CEPH 1745 1524 1.145 FDD: Focal Spot to Detector Distance  FOD: Focal Spot to Object Distance  ODD: Object to Detector Distance (ODD = FDD - FOD)  Magnification = FDD/FOD  vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 147: 14. Technical Specifications

    At least 0.8 mm Al equivalent at 50 kV Tube X-ray Coverage 75 mm x 380 mm at SID 550 mm Anode Heat 35 kJ Content 1:60 or more Duty Cycle (Exposure time: Interval time) vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 148 60~80 4~12 PANO 60~80 4~12 60~80 4~12 60~80 4~12 60~80 4~12 11.2 60~80 4~12 11.4 60~80 4~12 13.5 60~99 4~10 60~99 4~10 CEPH 60~99 4~10 60~99 4~10 60~99 4~10 CBCT 60~99 4~10 15.5 vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 149 14. Technical Specifications ❚❚ Maximum Rating Charts ❚❚ Emission & Filament Characteristics vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 150 14. Technical Specifications ❚❚ Anode Thermal Characteristics ❚❚ X-ray Housing Assembly Tube Characteristics vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 151 Video Output Optic > 45 % @ 1 lp/mm > 8 % @ 2.5 lp/mm > 60 % @~0 lp/mm > 70 % @~0 lp/mm > 80 dB > 70 dB Dynamic Range vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 152: Electrical Specifications

    Allowable input voltage fluctuation requirement: ±10 %.  Mode of operation: Non-continuous operation (NFPA 70: long time operation) -  Needs waiting time (at least 60 times the exposure time) before the next exposure begins. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 153: Environmental Specifications

    14.4 Environmental Specifications Item Description Temperature 10~35 ℃ During Operation Relative humidity 30~75 % Atmospheric pressure 860~1060 hPa Temperature -10~60 ℃ During Transport Relative humidity 10~75 % and Storage Atmospheric pressure 860~1060 hPa vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 154 14. Technical Specifications Left blank intentionally vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 155: Appendices

    Intensity (kVp) (mA) Hard Normal Soft Hard PANO High Woman Normal Examination Resolution Soft Hard Child Normal Soft Hard Normal Soft Hard SPECIAL Woman Normal Examination Soft Hard Child Normal Soft vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 156 Scan Time: The actual time that the equipment shoots the patient except for the initial  acceleration and late deceleration stages. Exposure Time: The actual time that the patient is exposed to the X-ray emission.  vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 157 Child Normal Soft Lateral Hard Normal Soft Hard Green Woman Normal Soft Hard Child Normal Soft Hard Normal Soft Hard High Full Lateral Resolution/ Woman Normal (Optional) Green Soft Hard Child Normal Soft vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 158 Child Normal Soft Hard Waters’ view Normal Soft Hard Green Woman Normal Soft Hard Child Normal Soft Hard Normal Soft Hard High Resolution Carpus Woman Normal / Green Soft Hard Child Normal Soft vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 159 Scan Time: The actual time that the equipment shoots the patient except for the  initial acceleration and late deceleration stages. Exposure Time: The actual time that the patient is exposed to the X-ray emission.  vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 160 Image Option Voltage Current Intensity Group (kVp) (mA) Hard Normal Soft Hard High Woman Normal Resolution Soft Hard Child Normal Soft Hard Normal Soft Hard Green Woman Normal Soft Hard Child Normal Soft vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 161 The above data is obtained from a computer system that is based on Intel E5-1607  v3@3.10 GHz (16 GB of RAM) and NVIDIA GeForce GTX1060 6 GB. Image reconstruction time varies depending on computer specifications and working  conditions. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 162: X-Ray Dose Data

    X-ray Dose Data 15.2.1 DAP (Dose Area Product) The X-ray dose data is extracted from the X-ray Dose Test Report for vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS). X-ray Dose Test Report for the vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) maintains dosimetric evaluation that the VATECH dental diagnostic system meets all requirements specified in the IEC Collateral Standard.
  • Page 163 CEPH Adult Man LAT 90 kVp/10.0 mA/1.9 s (Green) CEPH Child LAT 86 kVp/10.0 mA/1.9 s (Green) CBCT 8x8 Adult Man 94 kVp/7.0 mA/15.5 s (High Resolution) CBCT 8x8 Adult Man 80 kVp/6.1 mA/15.5 s (Green) vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 164 Leakage Dose X-ray Leakage Dose Test Report for PHT-30CSS maintains dosemetric evaluation of the Vatech dental diagnostic system to meet requirements in IEC Collateral Standard. To limit unnecessary exposure to the patient, the operator, and other staff, PHT-30CSS is designed to fulfill IEC 60601-1 (IEC 60601-1-3, IEC 60601-2-63) and this document provides a leakage test report with the evaluation condition and procedure.
  • Page 165 0.117 0.103 0.100 0.107 0.046 0.020 0.011 0.051 0.101 0.094 0.091 0.062 0.043 0.136 0.190 0.066 0.034 0.035 0.070 0.065 0.081 0.091 0.096 0.098 0.108 0.098 0.093 0.079 0.061 0.050 0.037 0.029 0.029 vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 166 15. Appendices 15.2.2.4 CEPH Mode Results Test Condition Tested Mode CEPH Distance from focal point [m] Applied Tube Voltage Peak [kVp] Applied Tube Current [mA] vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 167 0.316 0.161 0.037 0.027 0.030 0.185 0.274 0.254 0.246 0.242 0.225 0.199 0.146 0.148 0.467 0.153 0.095 0.101 0.147 0.137 0.171 0.195 0.207 0.215 0.231 0.238 0.224 0.206 0.189 0.157 0.162 0.130 0.160 vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 168 15. Appendices 15.2.2.5 CBCT Mode Results Test Condition Tested Mode CBCT Distance from focal point [m] Applied Tube Voltage Peak [kVp] Applied Tube Current [mA] vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 169 0.338 0.212 0.179 0.196 0.157 0.043 0.023 0.055 0.221 0.200 0.218 0.157 0.118 0.126 0.369 0.171 0.133 0.092 0.125 0.133 0.162 0.180 0.196 0.203 0.223 0.239 0.219 0.198 0.168 0.137 0.132 0.103 0.146 vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 170 15. Appendices vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 171 For Dental diagnosis equipment PHT-30CSS, the controlled area is suggested to be a satisfied adequate condition that high level of scattered radiation within the room during exposures to restrict the exposure of the operator and staff. 15.2.3.1 Measurement Overview vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 172 (4.9 ft) (6.6 ft) Occiput 0.517 0.307 0.166 0.502 0.229 0.133 Left ear 0.527 0.242 0.134 0.466 0.253 0.147 Nose 0.113 0.066 0.042 0.502 0.254 0.154 Right ear 0.500 0.239 0.135 0.483 0.276 0.158 vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 173 (4.9 ft) (6.6 ft) Occiput 0.122 0.066 0.034 0.105 0.047 0.026 Left ear 0.077 0.038 0.021 0.071 0.040 0.023 Nose 0.019 0.016 0.010 0.077 0.040 0.024 Right ear 0.096 0.041 0.023 0.101 0.053 0.030 vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 174 0.016 0.027 Left ear 0.097 0.038 0.036 0.022 Since the Ion chamber is located between the generator and the object, Data of 1 m and 1.5 m at 270 ° are not measured. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 175: Electromagnetic Compatibility (Emc) Information

    AC 100 V, 60 Hz CT mode Fields +A2:2010 Enclosure IEC 60601-1-2: PANO mode AC 220 V, 60 Hz from RF IEC 61000-4- 2014 CEPH mode wireless AC 230 V, 50 Hz 3:2010 Communicati vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 176 Voltage dips the power AC 220 V, 60 Hz PANO mode IEC 61000-4- 135°, 180°, supply unit AC 240 V, 50 Hz CEPH mode 11:2004 225°, 270° and AC 240 V, 60 Hz 315° vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 177 CT mode 0 % U the power AC 220 V, 60 Hz interruptions IEC 61000-4-11: PANO mode 250/300 cycle supply unit AC 240 V, 50 Hz CEPH mode 2004 AC 240 V, 60 Hz vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 178: Acquiring Images For Pediatric Dental Patients

    Direct the patient to swallow and note the flat position of the tongue. Request that the patient sucks in the cheeks, pushing the tongue into the correct flat position against the palate, and maintain this position throughout the exposure. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 179 U-shaped with the occlusal plane parallel to the horizontal edges of the film (Figure 1). The anterior teeth must not be magnified or diminished in size, and overlapping of adjacent posterior teeth should be kept to a minimum. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 180 (Figure 2). Incorrectly positioning the patient in any of these three dimensions will produce unique and distinct radiographic image errors (Table 1). vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 181 These instructions may need to be modified for the pediatric patient with primary or mixed dentition. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 182 Pediatric patients may find looking at themselves in the mirror entertaining and a fun way to participate in the process. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 183 The result is often a slumped position with the patient hunching the vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 184 A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 185 10. Johnson ON, Thomson EM. Essentials of Dental Radiography for Dental Assistants and Hygienists. 8th ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall 2007:388-397. 11. Serman N, Horrell BM, Singer, S. High-quality panoramic radiographs. Tips and tricks. Dentistry Today. 2003;22(1):70-73. vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 186 C. THEODORAKOU, K. HORNER, K. HOWARD, A. WALKER:  Pediatric organ and effective doses in dental cone beam computed tomography Dental CBCT has been associated with higher radiation risk to the patients vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 187 32.7 mGy for a lens in brain CT and 17.2 mGy for thyroid in neck CT. The seventy-fifth percentile of effective dose distribution in brain CT was approximately the same as the diagnostic reference level (DRL) in the 2003 UK survey. 2) Website vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 188 15. Appendices For additional information on pediatric X-ray imaging, please refer to the websites below. http://www.fda.gov/radiation-  emittingproducts/radiationemittingproductsandprocedures/medicalimaging/ucm29 8899.htm http://www.imagegently.org/  vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 189: Degree Of Cervical Ghost Occurrence According To Forward Head Posture

    15. Appendices 15.5 Degree of cervical ghost occurrence according to Forwarding head posture Normal C-shaped neck Forward head posture Forward head posture posture (soft) (strong) vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 190 (acromion process)). This can be very marked, with the back of the skull positioned anterior to the breastbone (sternum). The chin is poked forward. Normal C-shaped neck Forward head posture posture side view back view vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 191 X-ray passes" is relatively long Because of this (red arrow), the attenuation is large. Therefore, it may occur as artifacts in the image depending on the degree of attenuation. Forward head posture Normal C-shaped neck posture X-ray path Generator Generator vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...

  • Page 192: Abbreviations

    Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine DICOM Electromagnetic Compatibility Electrostatic Discharge Equipment Under Test A focal spot to Detector Distance A focal spot to Object Distance Field of View Flat Panel Detector International Electrotechnical Commission International Standards Organization vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 193 Region of Interest Source to Image Receptor Distance Signal Input Part Signal Output Part Steel plate cold commercial SPCC Submento-Vertical Solid State X-ray Imaging Device SSXI Stereo Lithography Software Temporomandibular Joint Ultra-High Definition vatech A9 (Model name: PHT-30CSS) User Manual...
  • Page 195 No part of this manual may be reproduced, transmitted, or transcribed without the expressed written permission of the manufacturer. We reserve the right to make any alterations that may be required due to technical improvement. For the most current information, contact your VATECH representative. Tel: (+82) 1588-9510 Email: gcs@vatech.com Website: www.vatech.com...

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