Avaya DEFINITY Manual page 327

Glossary
N
NVRAM
Non-Volatile Random Access Memory that retains data even when the power is lost.
O
Operating System
The set of programs that runs the hardware and interprets the software commands.
Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM)
A state of system operation where the core processes of the multifunction board are accessed,
including system initialization, resource configuration, forms interface, entry into the maintenance
subsystem, and file system access.
P
PCI
Peripheral Component Interconnect. A local bus technology that allows SCSI host adapters, video
cards, and other peripherals to send data directly to and receive data directly from the CPU.
PCMCIA Devices
Personal Computer Memory Card International Association Devices. These devices include
FLASH memory, hard drives, tape drives, LAN interfaces, Modems, etc. which are available from
third party vendors in standardized small form factors.
Ping
A program that is used to test and debug networks. It sends an ICMP Echo packet to a specified
host and waits for a response. It reports on the success or failure of its operation as well as associ-
ated statistics that accompany the test.
R
Reboot
A system reboot clears major system problems (such as the corruption of program memory). It also
runs automatically whenever the system is powered up.
Router
Any machine responsible for making decisions about which of the several paths the network (or
Internet) traffic will follow. At the lowest level, a physical network bridge is a router because it
chooses whether to pass packets from one physical wire to another. Within a long haul network,
each individual packet switch is a router because it chooses routes for individual packets. In the
Internet, each IP gateway is a router because it uses IP destination addresses to choose routes.
See Brouter.
Issue 3 May 2002 GL-7