Keithley 6221 Manuals

Manuals and User Guides for Keithley 6221. We have 1 Keithley 6221 manual available for free PDF download: Reference Manual

Keithley 6221 Reference Manual

Keithley 6221 Reference Manual (454 pages)

AC and DC Current Source Measure Unit

Brand: Keithley | Category: Measuring Instruments | Size: 4.49 MB

Table of Contents

Table of Contents
7
List of Illustrations
17
List of Tables
21
1 Getting Started

26
- Introduction
  26
  - Capabilities and Features
    26
  - Organization of Manual Sections
    26
- General Information
  27
  - Warranty Information
    27
  - Contact Information
    27
  - Safety Symbols and Terms
    27
  - Unpacking and Inspection
    28
  - Options and Accessories
    29
  - User's Manual
    31
  - Reference Manual
    31
  - Additional References
    31
- Front and Rear Panel Familiarization
  31
  - Front Panel Summaries
    31
  - Rear Panel Summaries
    31
  - Getting Started
    31
  - Figure 1-2 Model 622X Rear Panel
    35
- Heat Sink and Cooling Vents
  36
- Power-Up
  38
  - Line Power Connection
    38
  - Power-Up Sequence
    39
  - Beeper and Keyclick
    40
  - Source Preset
    41
  - Disabling the Front Panel
    41
- Menus
  42
  - CONFIG Menus
    42
  - Direct Access Menus
    43
- Editing Controls
  44
  - Source and Compliance Editing
    44
  - Menu Navigation
    44
  - Figure 1-3 Menu Editing Keys
    45
- Password
  46
- Interface Selection
  46
  - GPIB and Language
    47
  - Ethernet (Model 6221 Only)
    47
- Error and Status Messages
  48
- Default Settings
  48
  - Front Panel Setups
    48
  - Remote Operation Setups
    49
- SCPI Programming
  53
  - Optional Command Words
    53
  - Query Commands
    53
2 Output Connections

55
- Figure 2-16 Banana Jack Guard Connections
  55
- Figure 2-17 Floating Current Source Connections
  55
- Output Connectors
  56
  - Triax Connector
    56
  - Ground Points
    57
  - LO and GUARD Banana Jacks
    57
  - Interlock
    58
- Output Configurations
  59
- Guards
  62
  - Guard Overview
    62
  - Triax Cable Guard
    63
  - Banana Jack Guard
    66
- Floating the Current Source
  67
- Connections to DUT
  69
  - Supplied Triax Cable
    69
  - Basic Connections
    69
  - Shields and Guarding
    70
  - Figure 2-11 Basic Connections to DUT
    70
  - Figure 2-12 Noise Shield
    71
  - Figure 2-13 Safety Shield
    71
  - Banana Jack Guard Connections
    73
  - Floating Current Source Connections
    73
- Using a Test Fixture
  74
  - Custom-Built Test Fixture
    74
  - Figure 2-18 Custom-Built Test Fixture
    75
600 DC Current Source Operation

80
- Current Source Output Capabilities
  80
  - Source Ranges
    80
  - Compliance
    81
  - Output Power (Source or Sink)
    81
  - Output Response
    83
- Setting Source and Compliance
  87
  - Source and Compliance Editing
    87
  - Autorange
    91
  - Source Preset
    91
- Sourcing Current
  92
  - Remote Programming - Source Output Commands
    94
3 DC Current Source Operation

95
- Table 3-2 DC Output Commands
  95
- Programming Example
  95
4 Sweeps

97
- Overview
  98
  - Section Overview
    98
  - Sweep Overview
    98
- Sweep Characteristics
  100
- Front Panel Sweep Operation
  106
- Remote Sweep Operation
  110
  - Figure 4-2 Linear Staircase Sweep
    110
  - Table 4-3 Sweep Example Parameters
    110
  - Running a Linear Staircase Sweep
    111
  - Running a Log Staircase Sweep
    112
  - Running a Custom Sweep
    113
  - SCPI Commands - Sweeps
    114
  - Table 4-4 Staircase Sweep Commands (Linear and Logarithmic)
    114
  - Coupled Sweep Commands
    118
  - Sweep Status Model Events
    119
5 Delta, Pulse Delta, and Differential Conductance

121
- Part 1
  121
- Overview
  122
  - Section Overview
    122
  - Operation Overview
    122
- Test Systems
  124
  - Keithley Instrumentation Requirements
    124
  - System Configurations
    124
  - System Connections
    126
  - DUT Test Connections
    128
  - Configuring Communications
    130
  - Arming Process
    131
  - Interlock
    133
- Data Flow and Read Commands
  133
  - Data Flow
    133
  - Read Commands
    135
- Measurement Units
  136
  - Volts, Ohms, Power or Conductance
    136
  - Setting Measurement Units
    137
  - Display Readings
    137
- Error and Status Messages
  138
- Delta
  140
  - Basic Measurement Process
    140
  - Model 622X Measurement Process
    141
  - Configuration Settings
    144
  - Arming Process
    144
  - Triggering Sequence
    145
  - Operation
    147
  - Setup Commands
    150
  - Table 5-3 Delta Commands
    151
- Pulse Delta
  152
  - Model 6221 Measurement Process
    152
  - Pulse Delta Outputs
    155
  - Figure 5-10 Pulse Timing
    156
  - Configuration Settings
    159
  - Arming Process
    162
  - Triggering Sequence
    163
  - Operation
    164
  - Figure 5-12 Pulse Delta Triggering Sequence (Two Lows Measured)
    164
  - Setup Commands
    169
  - Table 5-4 Pulse Delta Commands
    169
- Differential Conductance
  171
  - Basic Measurement Process
    171
  - Model 622X Measurement Process
    171
  - Figure 5-14 Differential Conductance Measurement Process
    172
  - Configuration Settings
    175
  - Arming Process
    176
  - Triggering Sequence
    178
  - Operation
    179
  - Figure 5-15 Differential Conductance Triggering Sequence
    179
  - Setup Commands
    184
  - Table 5-5 Differential Conductance Commands
    184
6 Averaging Filter, Math, and Buffer

187
- Averaging Filter
  188
  - Averaging Filter Characteristics
    188
  - Figure 6-2 Filter Window
    193
  - Filter Setup and Control
    194
  - Remote Programming - Averaging Filter
    194
- Math
  195
  - MX+B and M/X+B (Reciprocal)
    195
  - Configuring and Controlling MX+B and M/X+B
    195
  - Remote Programming - Math
    196
  - Table 6-3 Math Commands
    196
- Buffer
  197
  - Buffer Characteristics
    198
  - Storing Readings
    200
  - Recall
    200
  - Remote Programming - Buffer
    201
  - Figure 6-3 Buffer Recall
    201
  - Table 6-4 Buffer Commands
    202
7 Wave Functions (6221 Only)

206
- Overview
  206
  - Section Overview
    206
  - Wave Function Overview
    206
- Wave Function Characteristics
  207
  - Table 7-1 Wave Function Characteristics
    207
  - Setting Waveform Parameters
    208
  - Amplitude
    209
  - Ranging
    209
  - Frequency
    210
  - Offset
    210
  - Amplitude Units
    211
  - Duty Cycle
    211
  - Figure 7-1 Offset Example
    211
  - Figure 7-2 Duty Cycle
    212
  - Figure 7-3 Phase Marker
    213
  - Phase Marker
    213
  - Arbitrary Waveforms
    214
  - Duration
    214
  - Using the External Low Jitter Trigger Mode
    214
  - Figure 7-4 Waveform Triggering
    215
- Front Panel Wave Function Operation
  218
  - Using the Wave Function Menu
    218
  - Generating a Sine Wave
    220
  - Generating a Square Wave
    221
  - Generating a Ramp Waveform
    222
  - Generating an Arbitrary Waveform
    223
  - Using the External Trigger Mode
    224
- Remote Wave Function Operation
  225
  - Table 7-3 Waveform Example Parameters
    225
  - Programming Sine Waves
    226
  - Programming Square Waves
    227
  - Programming Ramp Waveforms
    228
  - Programming Arbitrary Waveforms
    229
  - Programming an Externally Triggered Waveform
    230
  - SCPI Commands - Wave Functions
    231
  - Table 7-4 Waveform Function Commands
    231
8 Triggering

238
- Trigger Models
  238
  - Front Panel Trigger Model
    238
  - Remote Trigger Model
    239
  - Trigger Model Operation
    240
- Front Panel Trigger Operation
  243
  - Using the Trigger Configuration Menu
    243
  - Configuring Triggering
    244
- Remote Trigger Operation
  245
  - Programming Triggering
    245
  - SCPI Commands - Triggering
    246
  - Table 8-2 Trigger Commands
    246
- External Triggering
  249
  - External Trigger Connector
    249
  - Input Trigger Requirements
    249
  - Figure 8-4 Trigger Link Connection Operation
    249
  - Output Trigger Specifications
    250
  - External Trigger Example
    251
  - Figure 8-7 DUT Test System
    251
- Limit Test
  256
  - Overview
    256
  - Programming Limit Testing
    256
  - SCPI Commands - Limit Testing
    257
  - Table 9-1 Limit Test Commands
    257
9 Limit Test and Digital I/O

259
- Digital I/O Port
  259
  - Digital I/O Connector
    259
  - +5V Output
    259
  - Figure 9-2 Digital I/O Port
    259
  - SOT Line
    260
  - Simplified Schematic
    260
  - Sink Mode - Controlling External Devices
    260
  - Source Mode - Logic Control
    262
  - Setting Digital Output Lines
    262
  - Figure 9-5 NAND Gate Control
    262
  - SCPI Commands - Force Digital I/O Pattern
    263
  - Table 9-3 Digital I/O Commands
    263
10 Remote Operations

266
- Selecting and Configuring an Interface
  266
  - Interfaces
    266
  - Languages
    267
  - Interface Selection and Configuration
    267
  - Table 10-1 Communications Menu
    268
  - Table 10-2 Remote Interface Configuration Commands
    271
- Programming Syntax
  276
  - Command Words
    276
  - Program Messages
    279
  - Response Messages
    281
- GPIB Interface Reference
  283
  - GPIB Bus Standards
    283
  - GPIB Bus Connections
    283
  - Figure 10-1 IEEE-488 Connector
    283
  - Figure 10-2 Multi-Unit Connections
    284
  - Primary Address
    285
  - General IEEE-488 Bus Commands
    286
  - Table 10-4 General Bus Commands
    286
  - Front Panel GPIB Operation
    288
- RS-232 Interface Reference
  289
  - Sending and Receiving Data
    289
  - RS-232 Settings
    289
  - RS-232 Connections
    291
  - Table 10-6 PC Serial Port Pinout
    292
- Ethernet Interface Reference
  293
  - Ethernet Standards
    293
  - Typical Ethernet Systems
    293
  - Ethernet Connections
    295
  - Ethernet Settings
    297
  - Table 10-7 Network Classes
    298
- Using the Example Software
  299
- Figure 10-13 Typical Virtual Front Panel
  302
- Figure 11-3 Status Byte and Service Request
  303
11 Status Structure

304
- Overview
  304
- Clearing Registers and Queues
  306
- Programming and Reading Registers
  307
  - Programming Enable Registers
    307
  - Figure 11-2 16-Bit Status Register
    307
  - Reading Registers
    308
- Status Byte and Service Request (SRQ)
  309
  - Status Byte Register
    309
  - Service Request Enable Register
    310
  - Serial Polling and SRQ
    311
  - Status Byte and Service Request Commands
    311
- Status Register Sets
  312
- Queues
  322
  - Output Queue
    322
  - Error Queue
    322
12 Common Commands

325
13 Display, Format, and System Key-Press Codes

331
- Display Subsystem
  332
- Table 13-1 Display Commands
  332
- Format Subsystem
  334
  - Format <Type>[,<Length>]
    334
  - Table 13-2 Format Commands
    334
  - Figure 13-1 ASCII Data Format
    335
  - Figure 13-2 IEEE-754 Data Formats
    336
  - Format:elements <Item List
    337
  - Format:border <Name
    338
- System Key-Press Codes
  339
  - System:key <Nrf
    339
  - Figure 13-3 Model 6220 Key-Press Codes
    340
  - Figure 13-4 Model 6221 Key-Press Codes
    341
  - Table 14-1 Calculate Command Summary
    343
  - Table 14-2 Display Command Summary
    343
  - Table 14-3 Format Command Summary
    343
  - Table 14-4 Output Command Summary
    343
  - Table 14-6 Source Command Summary
    343
  - Table 14-7 Status Command Summary
    343
  - Table 14-8 System Command Summary
    343
14 SCPI Reference Tables

344
- General Notes
  344
- Table 14-5 Sense Command Summary
  349
- Table 14-9 Trace Command Summary
  358
- Table 14-10 Trigger Command Summary
  359
- Table 14-11 Units Command Summary
  360
15 KI-220 Language

361
- Introduction
  361
  - Notes
    362
- Introduction
  362
- Table 15-1 DDC Emulation Commands
  362
- Test Requirements
  369
  - Environmental Conditions
    369
  - Warm-Up Period
    369
  - Line Power
    369
- Recommended Test Equipment
  370
  - Test Equipment Connections
    370
- Calculating Test Limits
  370
  - Example Limit Calculation
    370
- Restoring Factory Defaults
  371
- Test Summary and Considerations
  371
  - Test Summary
    371
  - Test Considerations
    371
- Verification Procedures
  372
  - DC Current Output Accuracy
    372
  - Compliance Accuracy
    374
  - Waveform Function Accuracy
    375
17 Calibration

377
- Introduction
  378
- Calibration Requirements
  379
  - Environmental Conditions
    379
  - Warm-Up Period
    379
  - Line Power
    379
- Recommended Calibration Equipment
  380
  - Calibration Equipment Connections
    380
- Restoring Factory Defaults
  380
- Calibration Summary and Considerations
  381
  - Calibration Summary
    381
  - Calibration Considerations
    381
- Calibration Procedures
  381
  - Front Panel Calibration
    381
  - Table 17-2 Calibration Menu
    382
  - Remote Calibration
    390
  - Table 17-4 Remote Current Calibration Summary
    392
- SCPI Commands - Calibration
  396
- Table 17-5 Calibration Commands
  396
- Table 17-6 CAL:PROT:SENS Command Parameter Ranges
  398
- Table 17-7 CAL:PROT:SOUR Command Parameter Ranges
  398
- Calibration Dates, Count, and Password
  400
  - Viewing Calibration Dates and Count
    400
  - Changing the Calibration Password
    400
- Specifications
  
  403
  - Figure 2-3 INTERLOCK
    407
- Error and Status Messages
  
  408
  - Table B-1 Status and Error Messages
    409
  - Introduction
    415
- IEEE-488 Bus Overview
  
  415
  - Bus Description
    416
  - Bus Lines
    417
    
    Data Lines
    418
    
    Bus Management Lines
    418
    
    Handshake Lines
    418
  - Bus Commands
    419
    
    Uniline Commands
    419
    
    Table C-1 IEEE-488 Bus Command Summary
    420
    
    Table C-2 Command Codes
    421
    
    Universal Multiline Commands
    422
    
    Addressed Multiline Commands
    423
    
    Address Commands
    423
    
    Unaddress Commands
    424
    
    Common Commands
    424
    
    SCPI Commands
    424
    
    Command Codes
    425
    
    Typical Command Sequences
    425
    
    Table C-3 Hexadecimal and Decimal Command Codes
    425
    
    Table C-4 Typical Bus Sequence
    426
    
    Table C-5 Typical Addressed Command Sequence
    426
    
    IEEE Command Groups
    427
    
    Table C-6 IEEE Command Groups
    427
100 C IEEE-488 Bus Overview

420
- Interface Function Codes
  428
- IEEE-488 and SCPI Conformance Information
  
  430
  - Introduction
    431
500 D IEEE-488 and SCPI Conformance Information

432
- Table D-2 Coupled Commands
  432
- Calibration Source
  435
- Resistivity Measurements
  436
- Diode Characterization
  437
- Transistor Characterization
  438
- External User-Supplied Filter
  440
  - Typical Filter Circuits
    441
  - Filter Circuit Considerations
    442
  - Suggested Filter Circuit Components
    443
- Compliance Overshoot Prevention
  444

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