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Keithley 6482 Manuals
Manuals and User Guides for Keithley 6482. We have
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Keithley 6482 manual available for free PDF download: Reference Manual
Keithley 6482 Reference Manual (350 pages)
Dual-Channel Picoammeter / Voltage Source
Brand:
Keithley
| Category:
Measuring Instruments
| Size: 7.68 MB
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
4
1 Getting Started
14
Introduction
15
General Information
15
Extended Warranty
15
Contact Information
15
Inspection for Damage
15
Shipment Contents
16
Instruction Manual
16
Repacking for Shipment
16
Options and Accessories
16
Product Overview
17
Specifications
18
Front and Rear Panel Familiarization
18
Front-Panel Summary
18
Rear Panel Summary
20
Power-Up
21
Line Voltage Selection
21
Line Power Connection
21
Power-Up Sequence
21
System Identification
22
Line Frequency Setting
22
Fuse Replacement
22
Display
23
Display Format
23
DISPLAY CHANNEL SELECT Key
23
DISPLAY TOGGLE Key
23
Status and Error Messages
23
Disabling the Front-Panel Display
23
Remote Display Programming
24
Front-Panel Tests
24
Default Settings
25
Saving and Restoring User Setups
25
Power-On Configuration
25
Factory Default Settings
25
Remote Setups
27
Menus
28
Main Menu
28
Rules to Navigate Menus
29
Editing Voltage Bias Values
30
Configuration Menus
31
2 Connections
38
Connection Precautions
39
Input and Output Connectors
39
Connector Terminals
40
Input Connectors
41
Analog Output Connectors
41
Voltage Source Output Connectors
41
Output Enable
42
Connection Methods
42
Current Measurement Connections
42
Voltage Source Connections
43
Connection Considerations
43
Ground Connect Mode Connections
44
Analog Output Connections
45
Nonisolated Connections
45
Isolated Connections
46
Equivalent Circuits
47
3 Basic Operation
50
Operation Overview
51
Measurement and Voltage Bias Capabilities
51
Ranges
51
Compliance
51
Basic Circuit Configuration
52
Operation Considerations
52
Warm-Up
52
Autozero
52
Source Delay
53
Ground Connect Mode
55
Basic Measurement Procedure
57
Output Control
57
Basic Measurement Circuit Configuration
57
Front-Panel Measurement Procedure
57
Remote Command Measurement Procedure
58
Using the Analog Outputs
60
4 Range, Digits, Speed, and Filters
62
Range and Digits
63
Measurement Range
63
Digits
64
Remote Range and Digits Programming
65
Range and Digits Programming Example
65
Speed
65
Setting Speed
66
Remote Speed Programming
66
Filters
67
Filter Stages
67
Filter Configuration
70
Filter Control
70
Remote Filter Programming
72
5 Relative, Math, Ratio, and Delta
74
Relative
75
Front Panel Relative Offset
75
Remote Relative Offset Programming
76
Measurement Math Functions
77
Math Functions
77
Front Panel Math Functions
78
Remote Math Functions
79
Math Function Programming Example
79
RATIO and DELTA
79
RATIO Functions
80
DELTA Functions
80
Front Panel RATIO and DELTA Configuration
81
Remote RATIO and DELTA
81
RATIO and DELTA Function Programming Example
82
6 Data Store
84
Data Store Overview
85
Front-Panel Data Store
85
Storing Readings
85
Recalling Readings
85
Buffer Statistics
86
Timestamp Format
87
Timestamp Accuracy
87
Buffer Considerations
87
Remote Command Data Store
88
Data Store Commands
88
Data Store Programming Example
89
7 Sweep Operation
90
Sweep Types
91
Linear Staircase Sweep
91
Logarithmic Staircase Sweep
91
Custom Sweep
93
Configuring and Running a Sweep
94
Front-Panel Sweep Operation
94
Performing Sweeps
96
Remote Sweep Operation
100
8 Triggering
104
Front-Panel Operation of the Trigger Model
105
Idle
105
Event Detection
106
Trigger Layer
107
Trigger Delay
108
Source, Delay, and Measure Actions
108
Counters
108
Output Triggers
108
Bench Defaults
109
Operation Summary
109
Trigger Link
109
Input Trigger Requirements
110
Output Trigger Specifications
110
External Triggering Example
111
Configuring Triggering
115
CONFIGURE TRIGGER Menu
115
Remote Operation of the Trigger Model
117
Trigger Model
117
Idle and Initiate
117
Event Detection
118
Arm Layer
119
Trigger Layer
119
Trigger Delay
120
Source, Delay, and Measure Actions
120
Counters
120
Output Triggers
121
GPIB Defaults
121
Operation Summary
122
Remote Trigger Commands
122
Remote Trigger Example
123
9 Measurement Concepts
124
Source-Delay-Measure Cycle
125
Overview
125
Triggering
125
Delay Phase
126
Measurement Time
126
Sweep Waveforms
126
Staircase Sweeps
126
Custom Sweep
126
SDM Cycle During Sweeps
126
Typical Sweep Applications
127
Sweep Data Storage
127
Bias Source Operating Boundaries
127
Limit Lines
127
Loading Effects
128
Data Flow
129
Basic Readings
130
Data Storage Enabled
130
Limit Test Enabled
130
10 Limit Testing
134
Types of Limits
135
Pass or Fail Information
135
Data Flow
135
Limit Test Feeds
135
Limit 1 and 2 Tests (Compliance)
136
Limit 3 to 6 Tests
136
Limit Tests
136
Operation Overview
136
Output Enable Connector
138
Configuring and Performing Limit Tests
138
Configuring Limit Tests
138
Performing Limit Tests
139
Remote Limit Testing
140
Limit Commands
140
Limit Test Programming Example
141
11 Output Enable and Output Configuration
142
Output Enable
143
Ground
143
Input (SOT) Line
143
Output Enable (/OE)
144
Front-Panel Output Configuration
145
Configure OUTPUT Menu
145
Remote Output Configuration
145
Output Configuration Commands
145
Output Configuration Programming Example
146
12 Remote Operations
148
Remote Versus Local Operation
149
Local-To-Remote Transition
149
Remote-To-Local Transition
149
Selecting an Interface
149
GPIB Operation
150
GPIB Standards
150
GPIB Connections
150
Primary Address
152
General Bus Commands
152
REN (Remote Enable)
152
IFC (Interface Clear)
153
LLO (Local Lockout)
153
GTL (Go to Local)
153
DCL (Device Clear)
153
SDC (Selective Device Clear)
153
GET (Group Execute Trigger)
153
SPE, SPD (Serial Polling)
154
Front-Panel GPIB Operation
154
Error and Status Messages
154
GPIB Status Indicators
154
LOCAL Key
155
Programming Syntax
155
Command Words
155
Query Commands
157
Case Sensitivity
157
Long-Form and Short-Form Versions
157
Short-Form Rules
158
Program Messages
158
Response Messages
160
Message Exchange Protocol
160
RS-232 Interface Operation
160
Sending and Receiving Data
160
Baud Rate
161
Data Bits and Parity
161
Terminator
161
Flow Control (Signal Handshaking)
161
RS-232 Connections
161
Error Messages
162
13 Status Structure
164
Overview
165
Status Byte and SRQ
165
Status Register Sets
165
Queues
165
Clearing Registers and Queues
166
Programming and Reading Registers
167
Programming Enable Registers
167
Reading Registers
168
Status Byte and Service Request (SRQ)
169
Status Byte Register
170
Service Request Enable Register
171
Serial Polling and SRQ
171
Status Byte and Service Request Commands
171
Status Register Sets
172
Register Bit Descriptions
172
Condition Registers
178
Event Registers
178
Event Enable Registers
178
Queues
179
Output Queue
180
Error Queue
180
14 Common Commands
182
Command Summary
183
Command Reference
183
IDN? - Identification Query
183
OPC - Operation Complete
183
OPC? - Operation Complete Query
184
OPT? - Option Query
184
SAV <Nrf> - Save Setup
184
RCL <Nrf> - Recall Setup
184
RST - Reset
185
TRG - Trigger
185
TST? - Self-Test Query
186
WAI - Wait-To-Continue
186
15 SCPI Measurement Commands
188
Command Summary
189
Configuring Measurement Function
189
Configure:current[:DC]
189
Acquiring Readings
190
Fetch
190
Data[:Latest]
190
Read
191
Measure[:Current[:DC]]
191
16 SCPI Command Reference
194
Reference Tables
195
Calculate Subsystems
209
Calculate[1] and Calculate2
210
Select Math Function
210
Set MX + B Parameters
210
Enable and Read Math Function Result
211
Calculate3 and Calculate4
212
Select Input Path
212
Set or Acquire Relative Value
212
Enable and Read Relative Result
213
Calculate5
213
Select RATIO Calculation Mode
213
Enable and Read RATIO Result
214
Calculate6
214
Select DELTA Calculation Mode
214
Enable and Read DELTA Result
214
Calculate7
215
Select Input Path
215
Read Limits Data
215
Configure and Control Limit Tests
216
Clear Test Results
217
Calculate8
217
Select Statistic
217
Acquire Statistic
218
Display Subsystem
218
Control Display
218
Read Display
220
Define :TEXT Messages
220
Format Subsystem
221
Data Format
221
Data Elements
222
CALC Data Elements
225
Trace Data Elements
225
Byte Order
226
Status Register Format
227
Turn Source on or off
227
Output Enable Control
228
Sense Subsystem
228
Select Measurement Range
228
Select Autorange
229
Set Measurement Speed
230
Configure and Control Filters
231
Source Subsystem
233
Source[1] and Source2
233
Control Source Output On-Off
233
Select Sourcing Mode
233
Select Range
234
Set Amplitude for Fixed Source
235
Set Delay
236
Select Ground Connect Mode
237
Configure Sweeps
237
Configure List
241
Sweep and List Program Examples
242
Status Subsystem
243
Read Event Registers
243
Program Event Enable Registers
243
Read Condition Registers
244
Select Default Conditions
244
Error Queue
244
System Subsystem
245
Default Conditions
245
Control Autozero
246
Select Power Line Frequency Setting
246
Error Queue
246
Simulate Key Presses
247
Read Version of SCPI Standard
248
RS-232 Interface
248
Reset Timestamp
249
Trace Subsystem
249
Read and Clear Buffer
249
Configure and Control Buffer
250
Select Timestamp Format
251
Trigger Subsystem
251
Initiate Source/Measure Cycle
251
Abort Source/Measure Cycle
251
Program Trigger Model
252
Calibration
256
Performance Verification
257
Verification Test Requirements
257
Environmental Conditions
257
Warm-Up Period
258
Line Power
258
Recommended Test Equipment
258
Verification Limits
259
Example Limits Calculation
259
Restoring Factory Defaults
259
Performing the Verification Test Procedures
259
Test Summary
259
Test Considerations
260
Current Measurement Accuracy
260
Voltage Bias Accuracy
263
Analog Output Accuracy
265
Adjustment
268
Environmental Conditions
268
Temperature and Relative Humidity
268
Warm-Up Period
268
Line Power
268
Adjustment Considerations
268
Calibration Adjustment Cycle
269
Recommended Calibration Adjustment Equipment
269
Calibration Menu
270
Unlocking Calibration
270
Unlocking Calibration from the Front-Panel
270
Unlocking Calibration through a Remote Interface
270
Changing the Password
271
Changing the Password from the Front-Panel
271
Changing the Password through a Remote Interface
271
Resetting the Calibration Password
271
Viewing Calibration Dates and Calibration Count
272
Calibration Adjustment Errors
272
Front-Panel Error Reporting
272
Remote Error Reporting
272
Aborting Calibration Steps
272
Front-Panel Calibration
272
Remote Calibration
285
Remote Calibration Command Summary
285
Remote Calibration Procedure
286
18 Routine Maintenance
294
Introduction
295
Setting the Line Voltage and Replacing the Line Fuse
295
Status and Error Messages
298
Introduction
299
Status and Error Messages
299
Eliminating Common SCPI Errors
304
Data Flow
306
Introduction
307
SENS1 and SENS2
308
Calculate[1]:Data? and Calculate2:Data
308
Calculate3:Data? and Calculate4:Data
308
Calculate5:Data? and Calculate6:Data
309
Calculate7:Data
309
Trace:data
309
Calculate8:Data
309
100 C IEEE-488 Bus Overview
310
Introduction
310
Bus Lines
313
Data Lines
313
Bus Management Lines
314
Handshake Lines
314
Bus Commands
315
Uniline Commands
316
Universal Multiline Commands
316
Addressed Multiline Commands
317
Address Commands
317
Unaddress Commands
317
Common Commands
317
SCPI Commands
318
Command Codes
318
Typical Command Sequences
319
IEEE Command Groups
321
Interface Function Codes
321
Measurement Considerations
324
Low Current Measurements
325
Leakage Currents
325
Noise and Source Impedance
325
Generated Currents
326
Voltage Burden
328
General Measurement Considerations
329
Ground Loops
329
Light
330
Electrostatic Interference
330
Magnetic Fields
330
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI
331
GPIB 488.1 Protocol
332
Introduction
332
Selecting the 488.1 Protocol
333
Protocol Differences
333
Message Exchange Protocol (MEP
333
Using SCPI-Based Programs
334
Bus Hold-Off
334
Trigger-On-Talk
334
Message Available
334
General Operation Notes
335
Example Programs
336
Introduction
336
Basic Measurement Program
336
Data Store Program
336
Linear Sweep Program
336
Limit Test Program
337
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