Keysight Technologies N4373D User Manual
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Keysight Technologies N4373D User Manual

Lightwave component analyzer
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Keysight N4373D
Lightwave Component
Analyzer
User's Guide

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  • Page 1 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer User’s Guide...
  • Page 4 United States and international copyright product, or improper site preparation or fitness for a particular purpose. laws. maintenance. Keysight Technologies shall not be liable Keysight Technologies, Deutschland No other warranty is expressed or implied. for errors contained herein or for GmbH Herrenberger Straße 130...

  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    ..........54 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 6 Making differential OE measurements (applies to 4-port PNA only) ......95 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 7 ............... . 136 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 8 ............165 Ordering Information Index Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 9 Introduction Introduction Documentation General Safety Considerations Optical Test Set Front and Rear Panels Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 10: Documentation

    Refer to this documentation for information on using the optical test set, together with the network analyzer, for optical to optical, electrical to optical and optical to electrical measurements, or for setting up your lightwave component analyzer. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 11: General Safety Considerations

    Do not proceed beyond a warning sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 12 To prevent electrical shock, disconnect the instrument from mains WA R N I N G before cleaning. Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with water to clean the external case parts. Do not attempt to clean internally. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 13 Failure to ensure adequate earth grounding by not using this cord may cause instrument damage. This instrument has autoranging line voltage input. Be sure the C A U T I O N supply voltage is within the specified range. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 14 Numerical aperture Beam waist diameter < 10 mm < 10 mm a CW output power is defined as the highest possible optical output power that the laser source can produce at the output connector Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 15: Line Power Requirements

    The type of power cable shipped with each instrument depends on the country of destination. Please refer to “Power Cords” on page 169 for the part numbers of available power cables. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 16 Keysight Technologies Service Center. Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or fumes. Operation of any electrical instrument in such an environment constitutes a definite safety hazard. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 17 WEEE Directive Annex I, this product is classed as a "Monitoring and Control instrumentation" product. Do not dispose in domestic household waste. To return unwanted products, contact your local Keysight office, or see http://about.keysight.com/en/companyinfo/environment/ takeback.shtml for more information. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 18: Optical Test Set Front And Rear Panels

    Caution: Be sure you do not exceed Port A the RF power values and DC levels noted on the front panel of the instrument. This is the RF input to the transmitter of the optical test set. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 19 This is the input to use if your peak optical input power is between +4dBm and +14dBm. This input has reduced sensitivity. Port B This is the RF output from the receiver of the optical test set. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 20 Network analyzer This is an S parameter measurement port of the network Port 1 analyzer. Depending on the S parameters of the measurement this can be either an RF input or an RF output. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 21: 4-Port Pna Version

    Caution: Be sure you do not exceed Port A the RF power values and DC levels noted on the front panel of the instrument. This is the RF input to the transmitter of the optical test set. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 22 This is the input to use if your peak optical input power is between +4dBm and +14dBm. This input has reduced sensitivity. Port B This is the RF output from the receiver of the optical test set. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 23 Network analyzer This is an S parameter measurement port of the network Port 3 analyzer. Depending on the S parameters of the measurement this can be either an RF input or an RF output. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 24: Rear Panel

    External Input Plug in an external laser source. Line power cable Plug in your power cable here. connector Line fuse Replace only with same type. See “Replacing the Fuse” on page 123. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 25: Getting Started

    Unpacking the Lightwave Component Analyzer ..24 Mounting the Test Set and the Network Analyzer ..26 Setting Up the Lightwave Component Analyzer ..29 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 26: Unpacking The Lightwave Component Analyzer

    • -022 angled connector: • 2x N4373-87906 0.5m FC/APC - FC/APC patch cord 1x 1005-1027 FC/FC feedthrough adapter for narrow key • • -050 external optical source input • 1x PMF patchcord 1.0m FC/APC narrow key Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 27 1x N4373-25281 Bracket Rear Left Refer also to the contents list of the network analyzer. If anything is missing or defective, contact your nearest Keysight Technologies sales office. If the shipment was damaged, contact the carrier, then contact the nearest Keysight Technologies sales office.

  • Page 28: Mounting The Test Set And The Network Analyzer

    0515-2317 screws to mount the N4373-25261 bracket adapters on the left and right. Mount the Test Head and the network analyzer Put the network analyzer on its top (upside down) on a work surface. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 29 0403-1166 adjustable feet . Use the 13mm wrench to adjust the height of the adjustable feet to be level with the bottoms of the feet on the test head. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 30 On the side bars, press on the 83427-40062 trim side bars, on both the left and right. Turn the combined instruments the right way up, and proceed with the instructions on the next page. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 31: Setting Up The Lightwave Component

    Use the 8 mm torque wrench from the calibration kit (0.90 N-m/8 lb.- in, part number 8710-1765) to remove the top two rigid cables from the connectors. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 32 For information on handling, gaging or cleaning RF connectors, please N O T E refer to the “User’s and Service Guide Keysight Technologies N4697E/F 1.85 mm Flexible Cables for Test Ports”, available on the Keysight website. For further information on the Adapter, please refer to the “User’s and Service Guide Keysight Technologies 85130H Rugged 1.85 mm to 1.85...
  • Page 33 Port B on the optical test set, and to Port 2 on the 2-port network analyzer, or to Port 4 on the 4-port network analyzer. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 34: Analyzer

    14.Repeat step 11. to step 13. for the optical input. Always use patchcords to connect to your DUT. This protects the C A U T I O N connectors of the optical test set, by minimizing the number of connector changes. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 35 84. We recommend you back up your LCA data regularly. N O T E Please refer to “Backing Up your LCA Data” on page 130 for information on the files to save. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 36: Using The Correct Connectors

    When you use improper cleaning and handling techniques, you risk expensive instrument repairs, damaged cables, and compromised measurements. The optical input and output of the Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer use angled connectors. Depending on the option you ordered, you will also have received two patchcords.

  • Page 37: Enabling And Disabling The Laser Output

    Reference” on page 67 and “Making Measurements” on page 83. Accessing the User’s Guide If it is not already started, start the LCA as described above. Press in the LCA user interface to get to the electronic Version of the users guide. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 39: Performance Quick Check

    • Verify the optical and electrical connections to the N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer • Verify the performance of your N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer • Trouble shoot, if you think there may be a malfunction. • Perform an acceptance test Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 40: Preparation

    (50 GHz, 43.5 GHz) • Number of points: 6700 (5000, 4350) • IF bandwidth: 2000Hz • Averages: 1 • RF output power: -15dBm 2 Select “Stepped sweep - sweep moves in discrete steps”. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 41 We recommend you use “Electronic Calibration Modules” for calibrating the Network Analyzer. For more information on handling using and maintaining “Electronic Calibration Modules”, please refer to the “Reference Guide Keysight Technologies Electronic Calibration Modules”, available on the Keysight website. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 42: Verifying Your Electrical Calibration

    If the results differ from the expected values • Visually inspect the electrical connectors on the “Electronic Calibration Modules” and the . If an electrical connector seems to be damaged, contact Keysight for repair or replacement. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 43 • Clean the electrical connectors on the “Electronic Calibration Modules” and the “Flexible Cables for Test Ports. Refer to “User’s and Service Guide Keysight Technologies N4697E/F 1.85 mm (or 85133E/F 2.4mm) Flexible Cables for Test Ports”, for inspection and cleaning. Make sure the connection to the network analyzer of the two N4697-60200 “1.85 mm (or 85133E/F 2.4mm) Flexible Cables for Test...

  • Page 44: Verifying The Optical Connections And Optical Cw Operation

    3. Press the [Macro/Local utility button until you see 4. Press to start the LCA measurement setup. 5. Select the OO measurement tab. 6. Set the following parameters: Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 45 13.Set the following parameters: • If you have option 102 (Dual wavelength 1310nm, 1550nm), set Wavelength to the wavelength at which you are testing your DUTs (1310nm or 1550nm). • Laser power: -1 dBm Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 46 • Switch the laser off and inspect all optical connectors with a microscope. • If the connectors on the N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer seem to be damaged contact Keysight for repair. • If the connectors on the patchcord seem to be damaged contact Keysight for replacements.

  • Page 47: Verifying The Electrical Connection And Electro-Optical Operation

    4. Connect the two 1.85 mm (N4697-60200) or 2.4mm (85133- 60017) Flexible Cables for Test Ports supplied to the electrical ports of the N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer. 5. Press the [Macro/Local utility button until you see 6.
  • Page 48 • Forward RF Power: -1 dBm 9. Click , then 10.Right click the measurement trace, and select “Autoscale All” in the context menu. At the end of the measurement, there should be a flat trace. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 49 • If there are problems with the electrical calibration of the network analyzer - particularly if the wrong calibration planes have been used - the trace may look like this, with high frequency ripples. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 50 Test Ports” visually. If electrical connectors seems to be damaged contact Keysight for repair or replacement. • Clean the electrical connectors on the N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer and the “Flexible Cables for Test Ports. Refer to “User’s and Service Guide Keysight Technologies N4697E/F 1.85 mm or 85133E/F 2.4mm Flexible Cables...

  • Page 51: Measurement Concepts

    Optical Source Input ....... 65 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 52: General Measurement Techniques And Considerations

    (or power) and lightwave modulation power. Optical Electrical Modulation Modulation Power Current Modulated Lightwave Input Output Laser E/O Measurement ------------------------- Photodiode O/E Measurement ----------------------- - Fiber O/O Measurement ------------------------- Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 53 Figure 1 demonstrates the basic concepts of lightwave component analysis. An analysis of how various signals are used in the measurement process is found in “Signal Relationships in Opto-electric Devices” on page 54. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 54: Eo Measurements (Lasers, Modulators)

          20log ----------------------------  An LCA measures input modulating current and output modulation power and displays the ratio of the two in Watts/Amp, either linearly or in decibels. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 55: Oe Measurements (Photodiodes)

    As the lightwave component analyzer is able to measure amplitude and phase, dispersion measurements can be made with very high frequency resolution. This can be used to characterize narrowband optical components with a very high frequency resolution within the modulation bandwidth. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 56: Signal Relationships In Opto-Electric Devices

    ----- - a where:   incident on E/O device ----------- - -     1refl -------------------- - - reflected from E/O device   ----------- - - incident on E/O device Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 57 Initially, the input impedance of the EO converter and the output impedance of the OE converter will be assumed to be Z (thus S and S are zero).  E/O source resp ----------   O/E receiver res ----------  Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 58 Z load can be defined using the above relationships: Power incident on the E/O converter Power delivered to a ------------  System power gain 20log System gain in dB  20log Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 59 The measurement of modulation current is derived from the system characteristic impedance and a measurement of electrical power. The measurement of optical modulation power is based on a “standard” lightwave receiver whose characteristics are predetermined and known by the LCA. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 60: Single-Ended Measurements

    This port is described by S-parameters. DUT DUT Figure 2 Single ended EO (left) and OE measurement setups (Electrical connections shown in blue, optical connections in yellow) Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 61: Differential Measurements (Applies To 4-Port Pna Only)

    • Logical port 1 is assigned to the single ended, unbalanced port and • Logical port 2 is assigned to the balanced, differential port. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 62: Differential Oe Measurements

    2 is assigned to physical ports 2 and 3 (see Figure 5) Figure 5 Logical Port Mapping for EO measurement For EO measurements the LCA sets up traces for S22, S42, S33, S43 by default. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 63: Differential Results

       Port Port Port       Common Mode Common Mode Common Mode Response Response Response Balanced OE Balanced OE Figure 6 Balanced Measurement types for opto-electronic components Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 64: Calibration Concept

    Port A to the optical output, and from the optical input to the female to female adapter Port B, respectively. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 65 The systematic responses of these two stages of calibration can then be deembedded, yielding the response of the device under test (DUT). (See “Signal Relationships in Opto-electric Devices” on page 54 for more detail.) Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 66: Triggering Concepts

    "Single", this time window is very short, since the LCA does nothing between the sweeps. In such cases, the running measurements can always be stopped by pressing the "Abort Measurement" button on the LCA Server window. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 67: Measuring At Different Wavelengths And With The External Optical Source Input

    LCA measurements. Next the LCA checks if the "LCA_RxCorr.csv" file is available. • If not, no wavelength correction is applied. • If the file is found, the LCA performs a wavelength correction. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 68: Oe Measurements

    4 When the optimization is finished, transfer the optical power value displayed in the status bar to the "Power" box. OO measurements The principles described above for EO and OE measurements also apply to OO measurements. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 69: User Interface Reference

    Tools ..........80 Saving and Loading Setups ......71 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 70: The Lca Function Keys

    : If it is not already running, this starts the LCA server. If it is already running, it brings the server to the foreground. For information on further function keys, please refer to the documentation supplied with the network analyzer. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 71 "Sweeping..." window (with the "Abort" button) is not shown, abort the measurement with the "Abort Measurement" button in the LCA Server window. For more information on triggering measurements, see and to “Triggering Concepts” on page 4-64. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 72: Default And Advanced Measurement Parameters

    Use the advanced parameters for more comprehensive control of your measurements. For example, to use the optical output as the DC light source to an optical modulator as part of an EO measurement. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 73: Saving And Loading Setups

    Devices” on page 101. Second saving method After initializing with the User Calibration mode set to “Measure”, you are asked if you want to save the user calibration data and/or the LCA Setup. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 74: Loading Setups

    • After loading a setup with user calibration mode set to “Load”, the specified calibration file is preselected in the load dialog asking you for the calibration data file during OE or OO initialization. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 75 User Interface Reference For more details, see “Measuring Opto-Electrical (OE) Devices” on page 89 or “Measuring Optical-Optical (OO) Devices” on page 101. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 76: The Measurement Parameters

    LCA System Settings Wavelength (nm) • If you have not selected to use the optional External Input, select the wavelength of the laser source and the optical power meter use for measurements. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 77 • For input signals up to +17 dBm (calibrated up to +14 dBm), use Input 2. User Calibration Select the calibration data you want to use. • None uses the factory calibration data only (no additional user calibration data is used). Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 78 For IFBW settings of the network analyzer >3 kHz we recommended you do not use “Continuous” modulator bias optimization, Use "Every Sweep" or "Once" instead. Forward RF Power [dBm] Sets the RF power level for the source port. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 79: Optical Path Deembedding

    • Attenuation (dB) can be used alone, or with the values for length and refractive index. • File lets you use the results of a measurement of the optical path to characterize the source or receiver optical path. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 80: Rf Path Deembedding

    2 is always connected to the DUT. We recommend you use the AdapterChar macro supplied with the network analyzer. This includes this directionality in its characterization. Please refer to the online help on the Network Analyzer for further details. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 81 User Interface Reference To assign a file, 1. Click 2. Locate and select the file in the explorer window. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 82: Tools

    • Deselect to use the the laser source in the optical test set. Optimize ModBias Start an immediate bias optimization for the modulator. Receiver Optical Input Select the input to which your device under test is connected. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 83: Rf Power

    To reset to the factory default, leave the text box empty or enter a value less than -200 dBm. Reset UI The "Reset UI" button resets all LCA settings to default settings. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 84 User Interface Reference Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 85: Making Measurements

    Measuring Optical-Optical (OO) Devices ... . . 101 Measuring Optical Power ......106 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 86: Starting The Lightwave Component Analyzer

    4. If it is not already running, start the LCA server by pressing , or by clicking the LCA server icon on the desktop.  See “The LCA Function Keys” on page 68 for information on displaying the LCA function keys. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 87: Calibrating The Network Analyzer Before

    N4694A #00F or N4694A #00A. When in EO, OE or OO measurement mode, you need to return to EE N O T E measurement mode first before you can perform an electrical calibration Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 88 RF connections during the calibration. 1 Set your measurement parameters. 2 From the “Calibration” menu, select “Calibration Wizard”. 3 Select “Use Electronic Calibration”, and click [Next>]. 4 Make sure “Show Advanced Settings” is selected. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 89 Electrical Calibration for Differential EO Measurements 1 Set your measurement parameters. 2 From the “Calibration” menu, select “Calibration Wizard”. 3 Select “Use Electronic Calibration”, and click [Next>]. 4 Make sure “Show Advanced Settings” is selected. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 90 Port B and the RF Cables to NWA ports 3 and 2, respectively. 9 Follow the instructions by the ECal Wizard. Click [Measure]. 10 Repeat for other RF cable. 11 When the calibration finishes, save the calibration file for later reuse. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 91: Measuring Opto-Electrical (Oe) Devices

    If you have already initialised the OE measurement, you can connect your device under test and make the measurement by pressing Please refer to the user guide and online help for the network analyzer for further information. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 92: Initializing The Oe Measurement

    The pilot tone will affect measurements with IFBW settings of the network analyzer >1.5 kHz. For IFBW settings of the network analyzer >3 kHz we recommended you do not use “Continuous” modulator bias optimization, Use "Every Sweep" or "Once" instead. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 93 7 If you have optical components, such as attenuators, fiber optic cables or splitters, between the laser output and your device under test, open and enable the Optical Path Deembedding. Here you can enter the parameters for the optical path directly.  Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 94 RF Path Deembedding.  Enter or select the file. 9 Decide what sort of User Calibration you need. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 95 • Single-mode angled/straight connector: N4373-87907 Please also refer to the documentation supplied with the patchcord. a Select “Reduce IFBW for user calibration measurement” to reduce noise on the user calibration data. The default Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 96: Making Single-Ended Oe

    3 To make further DUT measurements with these settings, press to start the measurement. For information on further parameters, please refer to “User Interface Reference” on page 67. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 97: Making Differential Oe Measurements (Applies To 4-Port Pna Only)

    3 To make further measurements out with these settings, press to start the measurement. For information on further parameters, please refer to “User Interface Reference” on page 67. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 98: Measuring Electro-Optical (Eo) Devices

    If you have already initialised the EO measurement, you can connect your device under test and make the measurement by pressing Please refer to the user guide and online help for the network analyzer for further information. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 99 6 If you have optical components, such as attenuators, fiber optic cables or splitters, between your device under test and the optical input, open and enable Optical Path Deembedding.  Here you can enter the parameters for the optical path directly. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 100 RF Path Deembedding.  Enter or select the file. 8 Click to start the measurement preparation. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 101: Making Single-Ended Eo Measurements

    3 To make further measurements in DUT with these settings, press to start the measurement. For information on further parameters, please refer to “User Interface Reference” on page 67. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 102: Returning To Electrical Measurements

    Initializing the EE Measurement as described here removes all the fixturing information in the network analyzer that is specific to the optical test set. 1. Press 2 Make sure the “EE Measurement” tab is selected. 3 Click Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 103: Measuring Optical-Optical (Oo)

    Please refer to the user guide and online help for the network analyzer for further information. Initializing the OO measurement 1 Click 2 Select the “OO Measurement” tab. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 104 Optical Path Deembedding.  Here you can enter the parameters for the optical path directly. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 105 If you are calibrating, when the following screen is displayed, make sure the optical output is connected to the optical input using the patchcord supplied. The patchcord has the following part number: • Single-mode angled/angled connector: N4373-87906 • Single-mode angled/straight connector: N4373-87907 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 106 “Also save the LCA Settings” . See “Saving and Loading Setups” on page 71 for more information about LCA setups. • If you will have no need to reuse or refer to this calibration data, click Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 107: Making Oo Measurements

    3 To make further DUT measurements with these settings, press to start the measurement. For information on further parameters, please refer to “User Interface Reference” on page 67 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 108: Measuring Optical Power

    OO measurement used Input 1, you need to 1 Press 2 On the Tools tab, in Receiver, for Optical Input, select Input 2. 3 On the Tools tab, in Receiver, specify the receiver wavelength. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 109: Maintenance

    This system should be serviced only by authorized personnel. Using controls or adjustments or performing procedures other WAR N I N G than those specified in the documentation supplied with your equipment can result in hazardous radiation exposure. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 110: Cleaning

    If you are unsure of the correct cleaning procedure for your optical device, we recommend that you first try cleaning a dummy or test device. Keysight Technologies assumes no liability for the customer is failure to comply with these requirements. Please follow the following safety rules.

  • Page 111: Why Is It Important To Clean Optical Devices

    • Soft tissues • Pipe cleaner • Compressed air Dust and shutter caps All Keysight Technologies lightwave instruments are delivered with either laser shutter caps or dust caps on the lightwave adapter. Any cables come with covers to protect the cable ends from damage or contamination.
  • Page 112 Soft tissues These are available from most stores and distributors of medical and hygiene products such as supermarkets or chemists’ shops. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 113 It is essential that your compressed air is free of dust, water and oil. Only use clean, dry air. If not, this can lead to filmy deposits or scratches on the surface of your connector. This will reduce the performance of your transmission system. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 114 Ultrasonic bath Ultrasonic baths are also available from laboratory suppliers or specialist mail order companies. An ultrasonic bath will gently remove fat and other stubborn dirt from your optical devices. This helps increase the life span of the optical devices. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 115 With this card you are able to control the shape of laser light emitted. The invisible laser beam is projected onto the sensor card, then becomes visible to the normal eye as a round spot. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 116: Preserving Connectors

    Wherever possible, do not use immersion oil or other index matching compounds with your device. They are liable to impair and dirty the surface of the device. In addition, the characteristics of your device can be changed and your measurement results affected. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 117: Cleaning Instrument Housings

    If the above procedure is not enough to clean your instrument, follow one of the procedures below. If you are unsure of how sensitive your device is to cleaning, please contact the manufacturer or your sales distributor. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 118 3 Take a new, dry soft tissue and remove the alcohol, dissolved sediment and dust, by rubbing gently over the surface using a small circular movement. 4 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 119 5 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air. How to clean bare fiber adapters Bare fiber adapters are difficult to clean. Protect from dust unless they are in use. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 120 Preferred procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions. 1 Clean the lens by rubbing a new, dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement. 2 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 121 Keysight service team. How to clean instruments with a physical contact interface Remove any connector interfaces from the optical output of the instrument before you begin the cleaning procedure. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 122 How to clean instruments with a recessed lens interface For instruments with a deeply recessed lens interface (for example the Keysight Technologies 81633A and 81634A Power Sensors) do NOT follow this procedure. Alcohol and compressed air could damage your lens even further.
  • Page 123 1 Put the film on the surface and wait at least 30 minutes to make sure that the film has had enough time to dry. 2 Remove the film and any dirt with special adhesive tapes. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 124 2 Take a new soft tissue and moisten it with isopropyl alcohol. 3 Carefully clean the bare fiber with this tissue. 4 Make your cleave and immediately insert the fiber into your bare fiber adapter in order to protect the surface from dirt. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 125: Replacing The Fuse

    250V, Keysight part number 2110-0007). 5 Put the fuse into the fuse holder. 6 Put the fuse and fuse cap into the receptacle in the rear of the case and press it into place. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 127: Troubleshooting

    This system should be serviced only by authorized personnel. Using controls or adjustments or performing procedures other WAR N I N G than those specified in the documentation supplied with your equipment can result in hazardous radiation exposure. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 128: Checking The Operation Of The Lightwave Component Analyzer

    3 Start the equipment and perform an electrical calibration of the network analyzer, as described in “Starting the Lightwave Component Analyzer” on page 84. 4 Perform the performance verification, as described in “Performance Quick Check” on page 37. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 129: Event Log

    LCA server. The log file is cleared each time the LCA server is restarted. If you have a problem with the LCA, you can also send the event log file to your Keysight contact person to speed up diagnosis. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 131: Reinstalling And Updating The Software

    Reinstalling and Updating the Software Reinstalling and Updating the Software Backing Up your LCA Data Reinstalling the LCA Software Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 132: Backing Up Your Lca Data

    "D" drive of your network analyzer. These directories are not overwritten when performing the network analyzer's system recovery process. Please refer to the user documentation of the network analyzer for information on backing up calibration data. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 133: Reinstalling The Lca Software

    6 Turn on the power of the optical test set. The network analyzer will find the new hardware and will finish the installation of the drivers. When asked if windows should connect to “Windows Update”, answer “No, not this time”. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 134 2. Copy all folders (with all their subfolders) into the LCA installation directory: “C:\Program Files\Keysight\LCA”. (default directory). Starting the LCA Server When starting the “LCA Measurement Setup” with no server running, the N O T E server is started automatically. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 135 Reinstalling and Updating the Software 1 Run the network analyzer. 2. Double-click on the “LCA Server” shortcut on the Desktop of the network analyzer. Or start the LCA server by pressing 3 Press Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...

  • Page 137: Definition Of Terms

    Definition of Terms....... . 136 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 138 Conditions: Time period as specified after modulator auto bias (“modulator optimization”) is performed with the selected wavelength. Other conditions as specified. Measurement: Using an average power meter with averaging time set to 1 s. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 139 ‘electrical’). • dBm: power level related to 1 mW (electrical or optical). Differences of powers in dBm are written as “dBo” for optical powers or N O T E “dBe” for electrical powers. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 140 StDev , of the measured responsivities R over the repetitions i:    2 StDev Conditions: fixed cables and unchanged connections. Other conditions as specified. Measurement: using a stable DUT. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 141 Decibel (dBm, dBo, dBe). The value is calculated by averaging the measured responsivity in linear space (rather than decibel space) over the modulation frequency within a specified modulation frequency range. Conditions: As specified. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 142 (including optical transmitter and receiver) is designed to supply give measurement results. OMI (optical modulation index) Specifies the Modulated optical power divided by Average output power (optical). Condition: modulation frequency as specified. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 143 (true) responsivity in dBe over modulation frequency, the system relative frequency response uncertainty is ± half the peak-to-peak difference. Conditions: Modulation frequency range as specified. Other conditions as specified. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 144 Responsivity of an O/E or E/O device may be called conversion efficiency. N O T E For an O/O device, R [dBo] = -(insertion loss [dB]). References “Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement” (“GUM”), BIPM, IEC, ISO et al. (1993) Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 145 Transmitter and Receiver Specifications ... . . 146 General Characteristics......155 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 146 The angled connector symbol is typically colored green. Measurement conditions • Network analyzer set to -1 dBm electrical output power • Modulation frequency range from 10 MHz to 43.5/50/65 GHz, depending on selected network analyzer option Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 147 This jumper cable must always be used in front to the optical test set to protect the connectors at the optical test set and is required for performance tests. Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 148 Specifications Transmitter and Receiver Specifications Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 149 Specifications Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 150 Specifications Specifications for Electrical to Optical Measurements at 1310 nm (E/O Mode) Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 151 Specifications Specifications for Electrical to Optical Measurements at 1550 nm (E/O Mode) Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 152 Specifications Specifications for Optical to Electrical Measurements at 1310 nm (O/E Mode) Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 153 Specifications Specifications for Optical to Electrical Measurements at 1550 nm (O/E Mode) Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 154 Specifications Specifications for Optical to Optical Measurements at 1310 nm (O/O Mode) Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 155 Specifications Specifications for Optical to Optical Measurements at 1550 nm(O/O Mode) Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 156 Specifications Specifications for Electrical-Electrical Measurements (E/E Mode) Group delay uncertainty Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 157 Specifications General Characteristics Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 158 Specifications Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 159 Specifications Mechanical Outline Drawings, options 2x0, 2x1, 2x2 and 2x9 (dimensions in mm) Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 160 Specifications Mechanical Outline Drawings, options 4x0, 4x1, 4x2 and 4x9 (dimensions in mm) Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 161 Warranty ........162 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 162 This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES-001. Cet appareil ISM est conforme à la norme NMB-001 du Canada. Table 1 Notice for Germany: Noise Declaration Acoustic Noise Emission LpA < 50 dB Operator position Normal operation per ISO 7779 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 163 Regulatory and Warranty Information Declaration of Conformity Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 164 Regulatory and Warranty Information Warranty All system warranties and support agreements are dependent upon the integrity of the Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer. Any modification of the system software or hardware will terminate any obligation that Keysight Technologies may have to the purchaser. Please contact your local Keysight field engineer before embarking in any changes to the system.
  • Page 165 Keysight offers open connectivity for a broad range of systemready instruments, open industry software, PC- standard I/O and global support, which are combined to more easily integrate test system development. www.keysight.com/find/open Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 166 (fax) (080) 769 0900 Latin America: (tel) (305) 269 7500 Taiwan: (tel) 0800 047 866 (fax) 0800 286 331 Other Asia Pacific Countries: (tel) (65) 6375 8100 (fax) (65) 6755 0042 Email: tm_ap@keysight.com Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 167 Firmware and driver download www.keysight.com/find/octfirmware Keysight photonic discussion forum www.keysight.com/find/photonic_forum For Network analyzer related literature, please visit: Keysight Network Analyzers: www.keysight.com/find/na Mechanical and Electronic Calibration Kits: www.keysight.com/find/ecal RF Test Accessories, Cabinets, Cables: www.keysight.com/find/accessories Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 169 Ordering Information Ordering Information Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 170 Ordering Information Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 171 United States (120 V) 8120-1378 8164B-906 Switzerland 8120-2104 8164B-912 Denmark 8120-3997 8164B-917 Republic of South Africa and India 8120-4211 8164B-918 Japan 8120-4753 8164B-919 Israel 8120-5182 8164B-922 China 8120-8376 8164B-927 Brazil and Thailand 8120-8871 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 173 17, 20 dimensions on 75, 80 angled connectors 32 mechanical outlines 157 radiation symbol 10 protecting 32 safety 13 disposal 15 optical power source class 12 measuring 106 switch 17, 20 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 174 85 symbols 10 radiation exposure 11 warning rear panel 22 meaning 9 recycling 15 warranty 2, 162 test port cable symbol 10 wavelength 74, 80, 81 care and maintenance 31 reinstalling 131 Keysight N4373D Lightwave Component Analyzer, User’s Guide...
  • Page 176 This information is subject to change without notice. © Keysight Technologies 2017 Edition 5.0, October 2017 *4373D-90A02* 4373D-90A02 www.keysight.com...

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