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Ethernet hardware and software protocols. The FLIR AX series camera/sensor also has built-in support to connect to industrial con- trol equipment such as programmable logic controllers (PLCs), and allows the sharing of analysis and alarm results and simple control using the Ethernet/IP and Modbus TCP field bus protocols.
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Typical system overviews 1. Coal mine conveyor belt. 2. Ethernet connector M12, X-coded. 3. Power–I/O connector M12, A-coded. 4. Digital output to a PLC. 5. Separate DIN rail power supply for galvanic isolation (10.8–30 V DC). 6. PC for the set up of the camera using the built-in web server. 7.
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Typical system overviews 1. Ethernet connector M12, X-coded. 2. PoE switch. 3. Supervisory control and data acquisition. 4. PC for the setup of the camera using the built-in web server. 5. Infrared image on a monitor. 6. PLC. 7. Readout and analysis of data from the camera using built-in measurement functions. 8.
7. In the main window, identify the camera and double-click it to open the camera user web. 8. Log in using the username admin and the password admin. (You can change these credentials later.) You have now accessed the FLIR AX series user web and can set up and control the camera.
Camera parts 1. LED lamp. CAUTION Make sure that you are a minimum distance of 232 mm (10 in.) from the camera torch LED when you operate it. If you do not do this, injury to your eyes and skin can occur. 2.
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Camera parts 1. Factory reset button. Note Do not hold down the factory reset button when connecting the camera to power. 2. Ethernet communication indicator LED (green). 3. Power/error indicator LED (blue/red).
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Mechanical installation The camera unit has been designed to allow it to be mounted in any position. It has mounting interfaces on the front and back. WARNING Do not use screws that are too long. The maximum depth of the holes in the camera is 4.5 mm (0.18″). Damage to the camera will occur if you use screws that are too long.
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The camera is set up on an existing network, and an IP address is assigned from the DHCP server. The MAC address can be found on a label on the side of the camera. See the figure below. To detect the camera system on the network, use the FLIR IP Config software. Y...
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13.2 Network detection FLIR AX series cameras announce themselves on a network using mDNS (multicast Do- main Name System) service records. This is also known as the Bonjour service discov- ery protocol. The FLIR-specific service it announces is the FLIR Resource Protocol on TCP port 22136.
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Streaming using TCP is supported for unicast streams. TCP streaming uses port 554. Multicast streams use the fixed multicast address 224.2.0.1. At least 16 clients can share the multicast stream. 13.4 Image streams The following URLs can be used to establish streaming sessions with FLIR AX series cameras: • rtsp://<ip>/avc • rtsp://<ip>/mpeg4 •...
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• Mozilla Firefox 30 and later. 14.2 Login The FLIR IP Config scans for cameras automatically. You can identify your camera by the MAC address printed on a label on the side of the camera. Another way to connect is to enter the IP address of your camera into the address bar of a web browser.
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Camera web server interface 14.3.1 Working with image modes 14.3.1.1 General The camera captures both thermal and visual images at the same time. By your choice of image mode, you select which type of image to display on the screen.
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Camera web server interface The camera supports the following image modes: Image mode Image Thermal MSX Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging—the camera dis- plays infrared images where the edges of the ob- jects are enhanced with visual image details. Thermal A full infrared image is displayed. Visual The visual image captured by the digital camera is displayed.
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Camera web server interface 14.3.1.2 Selecting the image mode To select the image mode, follow this procedure: 1. On the upper toolbar, click the Adjust image mode icon . This displays a dialog box with radio buttons. 2. Select one of the radio buttons: •...
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Camera web server interface 14.3.2 Using the camera lamp 14.3.2.1 General The camera is equipped with a lamp. 14.3.2.2 Procedure To turn the lamp on and off, follow this procedure: 1. On the upper toolbar, click the Lamp setting icon .
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Camera web server interface Normal Horizontal flip Vertical flip Horizontal + vertical flip 14.3.3.2 Procedure To change the flip setting, follow this procedure: 1. On the upper toolbar, click the Flip video icon . This displays a dialog box with check boxes.
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Camera web server interface 14.3.4 Calibrating the camera 14.3.4.1 General The calibration of the camera is performed as a non-uniformity correction (NUC). An NUC is an image correction carried out by the camera software to compensate for differ- ent sensitivities of detector elements and other optical and geometrical disturbances Calibration is needed whenever the output image becomes spatially noisy.
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Camera web server interface 14.3.4.3 Manual calibration To perform a manual calibration, follow this procedure: 1. On the upper toolbar, click the Calibrate icon 2. While the manual calibration is in progress, the text Calibrating... is displayed under the image on the screen. 14.3.5 Working with measurement tools 14.3.5.1 General To measure a temperature, you can use one or more measurement tools, e.g., a spot,...
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Camera web server interface To add a spot measurement tool, follow this procedure: 1. On the upper toolbar, click the Spot measurement icon . This displays a spot on the image, labeled with a number. The spot tool is also displayed in the Measure- ments &...
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Camera web server interface To add a box measurement tool, follow this procedure: 1. On the upper toolbar, click the Box measurement icon . This displays a box on the image, labeled with a number and including a hot spot and a cold spot. The box tool is also displayed in the Measurements &...
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Camera web server interface To add a delta measurement tool, follow this procedure: 1. On the upper toolbar, click the Delta measurement icon . This displays the delta tool in the Measurements & alarms section. 2. In the Measurements & alarms section, click the Delta icon .
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. This dis- plays a dialog box where you can change the values for the object parameters. 2. To reset the object parameters to the default values provided by FLIR, click the De- fault button. 3. When completed, click anywhere outside the dialog box.
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Camera web server interface When an alarm is triggered, the camera can perform one or more tasks, e.g., save an im- age or video sequence to memory, e-mail the image/video to predefined recipients, and send the image to an FTP site. The camera can also further trigger a variety of external devices, using the digital output.
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Camera web server interface 7. In the Capture list box, select if an image or a video sequence will be captured and saved when an alarm is triggered. The image/video can later be viewed and man- aged under the Storage tab. •...
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Camera web server interface 5. In the Capture list box, select if an image or a video sequence will be captured and saved when an alarm is triggered. The image/video can later be viewed and man- aged under the Storage tab. •...
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Camera web server interface To change the palette, follow this procedure: 1. In the Colorize list box, select one of the palettes. 14.3.8.3 Isotherms By using color alarms (isotherms), anomalies can easily be discovered in an infrared im- age. The isotherm command applies a contrasting color to all pixels with a temperature above, below, or between the set temperature levels.
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Camera web server interface Image Color alarm Isotherm above Applies a contrasting color (red) to all pixels with a temperature above the specified temperature level. Isotherm below Applies a contrasting color (blue) to all pixels with a temperature below the specified temperature level.
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Camera web server interface To configure a color alarm (isotherm), follow this procedure: 1. In the Colorize list box, select one of the color alarms: • Isotherm above • Isotherm below • Isotherm interval 2. When a color alarm is selected, the threshold temperature(s) are displayed in the Colorize section.
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Camera web server interface 14.3.9.2 Procedure To manually adjust the image, follow this procedure: 1. To change the maximum temperature level, enter the temperature in the upper tem- perature scale text box. When completed, click anywhere outside the text box. 2.
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Camera web server interface 14.3.10.2 Procedure To manage the log information, follow this procedure: 1. In the Log information section, click the expand icon. 2. This displays the list with information about triggered alarms. 3. To clear the log information list, click Clear. 4.
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Camera web server interface 14.3.11.3 Loading a preset To load a saved preset file, follow this procedure: 1. On the upper toolbar, click the Load preset button. This opens the standard Windows Open dialog box. 2. Browse to the Downloads folder (or to the folder where you have stored the preset files).
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Camera web server interface 14.3.12.2 Procedure To pause the video stream, follow this procedure: 1. On the lower toolbar, click the Pause icon 2. When the video stream is paused, the text Live stream is paused is temporarily dis- played under the image on the screen. 3.
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Camera web server interface Example of a saved snapshot: 14.3.13.2 Procedure To take a snapshot, follow this procedure: 1. On the lower toolbar, click the Save snapshot icon 2. When saving is in progress, the image filename is temporarily displayed under the image on the screen.
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Camera web server interface To hide the overlay graphics, follow this procedure: 1. On the lower toolbar, click the Hide overlay icon 2. To show the overlay graphics, click the Hide overlay icon once more. 14.3.15 Full screen view 14.3.15.1 General It is possible to display a full screen view of the image.
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Camera web server interface 14.3.16 Live image only 14.3.16.1 General It is possible to navigate to a web page that displays only the live image, with or without the overlay graphics. Note JavaScript has to be enabled in your web browser. Examples of live image web pages: Live image only, without overlay.
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Camera web server interface 14.4.1 Camera ID 14.4.1.1 General You can choose to show or hide the camera ID. When shown, the camera ID appears as the tab ID in the web browser and in the upper part of saved snapshots. It is also possible to change the camera ID text.
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Note When altering the network settings, the address of the camera might change. Make sure your settings are correct before saving them or the camera might not be reachable afterwards. If this occurs, you can use FLIR IP Config to locate the camera again or reset the camera to its default settings.
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Camera web server interface 14.4.3.2 Procedure To manage the network settings, follow this procedure: 1. Click on Network settings. This displays the network settings. 2. To manage the network setup, click the Setup button. This displays a dialog box. 3. To obtain the IP address automatically, select the radio button Obtain IP address au- tomatically (DHCP).
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Camera web server interface 14.4.4.2 Procedure To change a password, follow this procedure: 1. Log in to the camera web server as an admin user. 2. Click on User settings. This displays the user settings. 3. Click the Change password... button. This displays a dialog box. 4.
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Camera web server interface 14.4.5 Alarm recipients 14.4.5.1 General It is possible to change the e-mail and FTP recipients of alarm notifications. You can also enter the login credentials, in case the mail server requires authentication. Note Only SMTP mail servers are supported. Supported authentication methods are PLAIN and LOGIN.
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Camera web server interface 14.4.6 Web interface theme 14.4.6.1 General It is possible to change the theme (background color) for the web interface. Choose be- tween Dark precision and Light precision. 14.4.6.2 Procedure To manage the web interface theme, follow this procedure: 1.
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Camera web server interface 14.4.7 System 14.4.7.1 General The System section displays the serial number and the part number of the camera. Here, you can also restart the camera, reset the camera to factory default settings, and update the camera firmware. 14.4.7.2 Procedure To manage the system functions, follow this procedure: 1.
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Camera web server interface 14.4.8.2 Procedure To view the firmware details, follow this procedure: 1. Click on Firmware details. This displays information about the camera firmware. 14.5 Storage tab 14.5.1 General Under the Storage tab it is possible to view and manage saved images and videos from alarms and snapshots.
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Camera web server interface 14.5.2 Managing images To view and manage image files, follow this procedure: 1. From the upper list box, select Images. 2. To display a preview of an image, click the thumbnail or the filename of the image.
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Camera web server interface 3. To download an image, click the Download icon to the right of the image. 4. To delete one or more image files, do the following: 4.1. Select the check box(es) to the left of the image thumbnail(s). 4.2.
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Camera web server interface 14.5.3 Managing videos To view and manage video files, follow this procedure: 1. From the upper list box, select Videos. 2. To download a video, click the Download icon to the right of the video. 3. To delete one or more video files, do the following: 3.1.
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Software supporting FLIR AX series cameras The following table explains which software supports FLIR AX series cameras: Software Support Comment FLIR IP Config • Detecting FLIR AX series cameras on the network. Note The FLIR IP Config ver- • Assigning IP addresses.
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• FLIR IR Camera Player: A PC-based remote control and video player for infrared cam- eras from FLIR Systems. • A link to a web installation of FLIR Axxx Control & Image Interfaces: An installation that includes Interface Control Documents (ICDs), user documentation, and C-code examples.
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Publ. No. T559500, FLIR Camera Web Interface User’s manual. 16.2.2 Modifying IP Address settings Follow this procedure: 1. On the Start menu, click FLIR IP Config (Start > Programs > FLIR Systems > FLIR IP Config). This will display the FLIR IP Config main window:...
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16.2.3 Changing the language Follow this procedure: 1. On the Start menu, click FLIR IP Config (Start > Programs > FLIR Systems > FLIR IP Config). 2. On the main menu bar, click Options. This will display the Options dialog box: 3.
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FLIR IP Config 16.3 Program reference section 16.3.1 Main menu bar Table 16.1 The File menu Exit By clicking Exit, the program closes down. Table 16.2 The Tools menu Options By clicking Options, the Options dialog box will be displayed. In this dialog box the language can be changed.
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FLIR IP Config 16.3.3 Right-click menu Table 16.1 The right-click menu Modify By clicking Modify, a dialog box will be displayed where the IP address, the subnet mask, and the default gateway can be changed. By clicking Web, the camera’s web interface will be displayed (dependent on the camera model).
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Ethernet hardware and software protocols. The FLIR AX8 also has built-in support to connect to industrial control equipment such as PLCs, and al- lows the sharing of analysis and alarm results and simple control using the Ethernet/IP and Modbus TCP field bus protocols.
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Technical data Measurement Object temperature range –10 to +150°C (14 to +302°F) Accuracy ±2°C (±3.6°F) or ±2% of reading (+10 to +100°C @ +10 to +35°C ambient) Measurement analysis Spotmeter Area 6 boxes with max./min./average Automatic hot/cold detection Max./min. temperature value and position shown within box Measurement presets Atmospheric transmission correction...
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100 Mbps Ethernet, standard IEEE 802.3 Ethernet, connector type M12 8-pin X-coded Ethernet, communication TCP/IP socket-based FLIR proprietary Ethernet, video streaming Ethernet, power Power over Ethernet, PoE IEEE 802.3af class 2. Ethernet, protocols Ethernet/IP, Modbus TCP, TCP, UDP, SNTP, RTSP,...
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• T128390ACC; Ethernet cable M12 to RJ45, 2 m • T129256ACC; Ethernet cable M12 to RJ45, 5 m • 71200-0002; FLIR AX8 accessory starter kit • T199163; Front mounting plate kit (incl. cooling bracket) • T199342; One-ball joint mounting bracket kit •...
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Minimum measurement areas In order to obtain reliable measurement results, the following minimum measurement areas apply. Distance Instantaneous field Minimum measurement areas of view (IFOV) (radians) 0.003 0.3 m (1 ft.) 2.7 × 2.7 cm (1.1 × 1.1 in.) 0.5 m (1.6 ft.) 0.0055 4.95 ×...
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0,79 ±0,02 ±0,5 0,39 2,16 ±0,004 ±0,1 4x Mounting hole depth max 4,8 mm 1,45 for screw type Delta PT 22 (ø2,2 mm) 1,65 ±0,00 ±0,004 36,8 ±0,1 ±0,1 Reset button Ethernet communication Ethernet communication indicator (Green) indicator (Green) LED lamp Visual camera Power / Error indicator (Blue / Red)
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Note 1 Note 2 Note 1 4x ø2,6 used to hold the part Appearance according to Additional geometry is taken during surface treatment. FLIR Appearance standard 403093-B from 3D-file: T128394 A Class C, grade 2. SECTION C-C Material Datum/Date Kontr/Check Konstr/Drawn P.
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4x 1,6 SECTION A-A Konstr/Drawn Datum/Date Kontr/Check Material J. MÄKINEN 2015-03-06 EN AW-5052 or EN AW-5754 HAOS Ytjämnhet/Roughness Ytbehandling/Surface treatment Ändrad av/Modified by Ändrad/Modified J. MÄKINEN 2015-05-21 µm Skala/Scale Blad/Sheet Där ej annat anges/Unless otherwise stated Benämning/Denomination 1(1) ISO 2768-mK Gen tol Utdrag ur/Excerpt from ISO 2768-m Plate mounting rear...
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4x 1,6 36,8 SECTION A-A Konstr/Drawn Datum/Date Kontr/Check Material J. MÄKINEN 2015-03-06 EN AW-5052 or EN AW-5754 HAOS Ytjämnhet/Roughness Ytbehandling/Surface treatment Ändrad av/Modified by Ändrad/Modified J. MÄKINEN 2015-05-21 µm Skala/Scale Blad/Sheet Där ej annat anges/Unless otherwise stated Benämning/Denomination 1(1) ISO 2768-mK Gen tol Utdrag ur/Excerpt from ISO 2768-m Plate mounting front...
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1,93 ±0,01 48,9 ±0,3 2,44 ±0,01 ±0,2 Scale 1:1 1,93 ±0,01 48,9 ±0,3 2,44 ±0,01 ±0,2 Scale 2:1 Konstr/Drawn Datum/Date Kontr/Check Material P. MARCUS 2014-10-06 Note 1 JAMA Ytjämnhet/Roughness Ytbehandling/Surface treatment Ändrad av/Modified by Ändrad/Modified P. MARCUS 2015-03-04 µm Skala/Scale Blad/Sheet Där ej annat anges/Unless otherwise stated Benämning/Denomination...
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1,73 ±0,01 ±0,3 2,68 ±0,01 ±0,2 Scale 1:1 1,73 ±0,01 ±0,3 2,68 ±0,01 ±0,2 Scale 2:1 Konstr/Drawn Datum/Date Kontr/Check Material P. MARCUS 2014-10-06 Note 1 JAMA Ytjämnhet/Roughness Ytbehandling/Surface treatment Ändrad av/Modified by Ändrad/Modified P. MARCUS 2015-03-04 µm Skala/Scale Blad/Sheet Där ej annat anges/Unless otherwise stated Benämning/Denomination 2(2) ISO 2768-mK...
Information technology: EN 55022 Radio disturbance characteristics (AC:2011) Information technology: EN 55024 Immunity characteristics (CISPR 24:2010) Additional standards: Emission: EN 61000-6-3; Electro magnetic CompatiЬility Generic standards - Emission Immunity: EN 61000-6-2; Electro magnetic CompatiЬility; Generic standards - Immunity System: FLIR Ax8-series...
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Pin Assignment Pin Assignment Brown/White Front View Front View Brown Brass, Nickel Plated. SHIELD Customer: FLIR RJ45 8P8C PLUG (shielding type). RJ45 PLUG CAT5E FTP 24AWG x 4 PAIR + AL/MY + Drain wire. BLACK CABLE WAC2B0026 Brass, Nickel Plated.
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Pin Assignment Brown/White Front View Brown Shield drain wire Shield Heat shrink tube. TUBE BLACK Customer: FLIR SHIELD Brass, Nickel Plated. CAT5E FTP 24AWG x 4 PAIR + AL/MY + Drain wire. BLACK CABLE WAC2B0026 Brass, Nickel Plated. RING NUT M12S-RN-D985...
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Pin configurations 23.2 Pin configuration power A-coded Configuration Cable color on cable P/N T128391 (order P/N T128391ACC) EXT_POWER Orange/white DIGIN Orange DIG_PWR Green/white DIG_RTN Green DIGOUT Blue Not connected Blue/white Not connected Brown/white Brown...
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Indicator LEDs and factory reset button 1. Factory reset button. 2. Ethernet communication indicator LED (green). 3. Power/error indicator LED (blue/red). 25.1 Power/error indicator LED and factory reset button Note Do not hold down the factory reset button when connecting the camera to power. Factory reset button Indicator LED status Explanation...
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Indicator LEDs and factory reset button 25.3 Ethernet communication indicator LED Indicator LED status Explanation The Ethernet communication indicator LED dis- The camera is connected to a network and the plays a flashing green light. network activity is indicated. The Ethernet communication indicator LED dis- The camera is not connected to any network.
Cleaning the camera 26.1 Camera housing, cables, and other items 26.1.1 Liquids Use one of these liquids: • Warm water • A weak detergent solution 26.1.2 Equipment A soft cloth 26.1.3 Procedure Follow this procedure: 1. Soak the cloth in the liquid. 2.
—together with a worldwide network of agents and distributors—support our internation- al customer base. FLIR Systems is at the forefront of innovation in the infrared camera industry. We antici- pate market demand by constantly improving our existing cameras and developing new...
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27.1 More than just an infrared camera At FLIR Systems we recognize that our job is to go beyond just producing the best infra- red camera systems. We are committed to enabling all users of our infrared camera sys- tems to work more productively by providing them with the most powerful camera–...
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Glossary absorption The amount of radiation absorbed by an object relative to the re- (absorption ceived radiation. A number between 0 and 1. factor) atmosphere The gases between the object being measured and the camera, nor- mally air. autoadjust A function making a camera perform an internal image correction. autopalette The IR image is shown with an uneven spread of colors, displaying cold objects as well as hot ones at the same time.
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Glossary image correc- A way of compensating for sensitivity differences in various parts of tion (internal or live images and also of stabilizing the camera. external) infrared Non-visible radiation, having a wavelength from about 2–13 μm. infrared isotherm A function highlighting those parts of an image that fall above, below or between one or more temperature intervals.
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Glossary span The interval of the temperature scale, usually expressed as a signal value. spectral (radi- Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time, area and ant) emittance wavelength (W/m /μm) temperature A value which is the result of a subtraction between two temperature difference, or values.
Thermographic measurement techniques 29.1 Introduction An infrared camera measures and images the emitted infrared radiation from an object. The fact that radiation is a function of object surface temperature makes it possible for the camera to calculate and display this temperature. However, the radiation measured by the camera does not only depend on the tempera- ture of the object but is also a function of the emissivity.
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Thermographic measurement techniques 29.2.1.1.1 Method 1: Direct method Follow this procedure: 1. Look for possible reflection sources, considering that the incident angle = reflection angle (a = b). Figure 29.1 1 = Reflection source 2. If the reflection source is a spot source, modify the source by obstructing it using a piece if cardboard.
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Thermographic measurement techniques 3. Measure the radiation intensity (= apparent temperature) from the reflecting source using the following settings: • Emissivity: 1.0 • D You can measure the radiation intensity using one of the following two methods: Figure 29.3 1 = Reflection source Figure 29.4 1 = Reflection source Using a thermocouple to measure reflected apparent temperature is not recommended for two important reasons:...
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Thermographic measurement techniques 5. Measure the apparent temperature of the aluminum foil and write it down. Figure 29.5 Measuring the apparent temperature of the aluminum foil. 29.2.1.2 Step 2: Determining the emissivity Follow this procedure: 1. Select a place to put the sample. 2.
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50%. 29.6 Other parameters In addition, some cameras and analysis programs from FLIR Systems allow you to com- pensate for the following parameters: • Atmospheric temperature – i.e. the temperature of the atmosphere between the cam- era and the target •...
History of infrared technology Before the year 1800, the existence of the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spec- trum wasn't even suspected. The original significance of the infrared spectrum, or simply ‘the infrared’ as it is often called, as a form of heat radiation is perhaps less obvious to- day than it was at the time of its discovery by Herschel in 1800.
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History of infrared technology When Herschel revealed his discovery, he referred to this new portion of the electromag- netic spectrum as the ‘thermometrical spectrum’. The radiation itself he sometimes re- ferred to as ‘dark heat’, or simply ‘the invisible rays’. Ironically, and contrary to popular opinion, it wasn't Herschel who originated the term ‘infrared’.
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History of infrared technology Figure 30.4 Samuel P. Langley (1834–1906) The improvement of infrared-detector sensitivity progressed slowly. Another major break- through, made by Langley in 1880, was the invention of the bolometer. This consisted of a thin blackened strip of platinum connected in one arm of a Wheatstone bridge circuit upon which the infrared radiation was focused and to which a sensitive galvanometer re- sponded.
Theory of thermography 31.1 Introduction The subjects of infrared radiation and the related technique of thermography are still new to many who will use an infrared camera. In this section the theory behind thermography will be given. 31.2 The electromagnetic spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum is divided arbitrarily into a number of wavelength regions, called bands, distinguished by the methods used to produce and detect the radiation.
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Such cavity radiators are commonly used as sources of radiation in tempera- ture reference standards in the laboratory for calibrating thermographic instruments, such as a FLIR Systems camera for example. If the temperature of blackbody radiation increases to more than 525°C (977°F), the source begins to be visible so that it appears to the eye no longer black.
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Theory of thermography where: Blackbody spectral radiant emittance at wavelength λ. λb Velocity of light = 3 × 10 Planck’s constant = 6.6 × 10 Joule sec. Boltzmann’s constant = 1.4 × 10 Joule/K. Absolute temperature (K) of a blackbody. λ...
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Theory of thermography Figure 31.5 Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928) The sun (approx. 6 000 K) emits yellow light, peaking at about 0.5 μm in the middle of the visible light spectrum. At room temperature (300 K) the peak of radiant emittance lies at 9.7 μm, in the far infra- red, while at the temperature of liquid nitrogen (77 K) the maximum of the almost insignif- icant amount of radiant emittance occurs at 38 μm, in the extreme infrared wavelengths.
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Theory of thermography Figure 31.7 Josef Stefan (1835–1893), and Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906) Using the Stefan-Boltzmann formula to calculate the power radiated by the human body, at a temperature of 300 K and an external surface area of approx. 2 m , we obtain 1 kW.
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Theory of thermography • A selective radiator, for which ε varies with wavelength According to Kirchhoff’s law, for any material the spectral emissivity and spectral absorp- tance of a body are equal at any specified temperature and wavelength. That is: From this we obtain, for an opaque material (since α...
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Theory of thermography 31.4 Infrared semi-transparent materials Consider now a non-metallic, semi-transparent body – let us say, in the form of a thick flat plate of plastic material. When the plate is heated, radiation generated within its volume must work its way toward the surfaces through the material in which it is partially ab- sorbed.
The measurement formula As already mentioned, when viewing an object, the camera receives radiation not only from the object itself. It also collects radiation from the surroundings reflected via the ob- ject surface. Both these radiation contributions become attenuated to some extent by the atmosphere in the measurement path.
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U according to the same equation, and get (Equation 3): Solve Equation 3 for U (Equation 4): This is the general measurement formula used in all the FLIR Systems thermographic equipment. The voltages of the formula are: Table 32.1 Voltages Calculated camera output voltage for a blackbody of temperature i.e.
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5 volts, the resulting curve would have been very much the same as our real curve extrapolated beyond 4.1 volts, provided the calibration algo- rithm is based on radiation physics, like the FLIR Systems algorithm. Of course there must be a limit to such extrapolations.
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The measurement formula Figure 32.3 Relative magnitudes of radiation sources under varying measurement conditions (LW cam- era). 1: Object temperature; 2: Emittance; Obj: Object radiation; Refl: Reflected radiation; Atm: atmos- phere radiation. Fixed parameters: τ = 0.88; T = 20°C (+68°F); T = 20°C (+68°F).
Emissivity tables This section presents a compilation of emissivity data from the infrared literature and measurements made by FLIR Systems. 33.1 References 1. Mikaél A. Bramson: Infrared Radiation, A Handbook for Applications, Plenum press, N.Y. 2. William L. Wolfe, George J. Zissis: The Infrared Handbook, Office of Naval Research, Department of Navy, Washington, D.C.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Chapter 1 Introduction to EtherNet/IP Ethernet/IP™ (EIP) is a high-level industrial application layer protocol for industrial automation applications. Built on the standard TCP/IP protocol suite, EIP uses all the traditional Ethernet hardware and software to define an application layer protocol that structures the task of configuring, accessing and controlling industrial automation devices.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 CIP – The Core of EtherNet/IP The Communications and Information Protocol (CIP) is a communications protocol for transferring automation data between two devices. In the CIP Protocol, every network device represents itself as a series of objects. Each object is simply a grouping of the related data values in a device.
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EtherNet/IP network. Adapter devices are “end” devices in a network. Valves, Drives, I/O Devices and Cameras are typically Adapter devices. The Flir camera is an Adapter device. The other device is a Scanners device. Scanners open connections and send outputs to one or more Adapter devices.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 EtherNet/IP Electronic Data Sheets Files Electronic Data Sheets (EDS) are simply ASCII files that describe how a device can be used on an EtherNet/IP network. It describes the objects, attributes and services available in the device.
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EDS files can be loaded into the RSLogix5000 programming tool in one of two ways. EDS files from vendors which are not highly integrated with Rockwell Automation are loaded manually. EDS files from vendors which are highly integrated with Rockwell Automation, like Flir, are automatically loaded and available with the more recent versions of RSLogix5000.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Chapter 2 EtherNet/IP Object Model Table 2-1 describes data types used in this Object Model. Table 2-1 Data types Data Type Description USINT Unsigned Short Integer (8-bit) UINT Unsigned Integer (16-bit) UDINT Unsigned Double Integer (32-bit)
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Attribute Access Instance Name Data Type Data value rule Serial number UDINT Unique 32 bit value Product name SHORT Depends on camera model. STRING32 Table 2-3 Identity Object’s common services Implemented for Service Service name...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Attribute Access Instance Name Data Type Data Value Rule Output Data Get/Set Byte Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Output One Time Force Image...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Input 3 Input Data 0x64 Byte Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Force Image Save One Time Image Auto Focus Auto Focus Force Auto...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Input Spot 3 Temperature Valid State Box 3 Min Temperature Valid State 0x64 Box 3 Max Temperature Valid State Box 3 Avg Temperature Valid State (cont) 96-99 Spot 4 Temperature 100-103 Box 4 Min Temperature...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Input Box 1 Avg Temperature Valid State 56-59 Spot 2 Temperature 0x65 60-63 Box 2 Min Temperature 64-67 Box 2 Max Temperature (cont.) 68-71 Box 2 Average Temperature Spot 2 Temperature Valid State Box 2 Min Temperature Valid State...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Input 0x65 (cont.) 416-435 …..Spot 20/ Box 20….. Input 3 Input Data 0x66 Byte Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Delta Temperature 1 Delta Temperature 2...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Input Spot 4 Temperature Valid State Box 4 Min Temperature Valid State 0x66 (cont.) Box 4 Max Temperature Valid State Box 4 Avg Temperature Valid State Input Input Data 0x67 Byte Bit 7 Bit 6...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Input 92-95 Box 4 Min Temperature 96-99 Box 4 Max Temperature 0x67 (cont.) 100-103 Box 4 Average Temperature Spot 4 Temperature Valid State Box 4 Min Temperature Valid State Box 4 Max Temperature Valid State...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Heartbeat and Configuration Instances Input Only Heartbeat (Instance 128 (0x80)) This instance allows clients to monitor input data without providing output data. Listen Only Heartbeat (Instance 129 (0x81)) This instance allows clients to monitor input data without providing output data. To utilize this connection type, an owning connection must exist from a second client and the configuration of the connection must match exactly.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.5 PCCC Object (67 1 Instance) HEX - The PCCC Object has no class or instance attributes. The following tables contain common services information and PCCC Mapping parameters for the PCCC Object. Table 1-6 PCCC Object’s common services...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Table 1-8 PCCC Object (67 ) Input Integers Little Endian– Read Only PCCC Data Description Register Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 One Time...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 PCCC Data Description Register N11:26 Spot 1 Temperature Valid State N11:27 Box 1 Min Temperature Valid State N11:28 Box 1 Max Temperature Valid State Box 1 Avg Temperature Valid State N11:29 N11:30-31 Spot 2 Temperature...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 PCCC Data Description Register Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Atmospheric Reflected Temp. Distance Emissivity Date/Time Camera Label Enable Overlay Scale Graphic N12:1 Temp. Graphic...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 PCCC Data Description Register N12:38 Spot 2 Temperature Valid State N12:39 Box 2 Min Temperature Valid State N12:40 Box 2 Max Temperature Valid State Box 2 Avg Temperature Valid State N12:41 N12:42-43 Spot 3 Temperature...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 PCCC Data Description Register F13:17 Box 3 Max Temperature F13:18 Box 3 Average Temperature F13:19 Spot 4 Temperature F13:20 Box 4 Min Temperature F13:21 Box 4 Max Temperature F13:22 Box 4 Average Temperature F13:23-26 …..Spot 5/ Box 5…..
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.6 TCP Object (F5hex- 1 instance) The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for the TCP Object. Table 2-11 TCP Object (F5 1 Instance) HEX - Attribute Data Access Instance Name...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Table 2-12 TCP Object’s common services Implemented for Service Service name code Class level Instance level Get_Attribute_Single Set_Attribute_Single 1.7 Ethernet Link Object (F6 1 Instance) HEX - The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for the Ethernet Link Object.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.8 System Command Object (64 1 Instance) HEX- 1.8.1 Class and Instance Attributes The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for System Command Object. Attribute Access Comment Instance Name Data Type...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.9 Camera Control Command Object (65 1 Instance) HEX- 1.9.1 Class and Instance Attributes The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for Camera Control Command Object. Attribute Access Comment Instance Name...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Attribute Access Comment Instance Name Data Type Data Value Rule Overlay Graphic BOOL 0: Off Get/Set N/A for FLIR Ax8 Date/Time 1: On Overlay Graphic BOOL 0: Off Get/Set N/A for FLIR Ax8 Emissivity...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.9.3 Description of Instance Attributes 1.9.3-1 Auto NUC This attribute either enables or disables the Auto NUC functionality in the camera. NUC stands for non-uniformity correction. If this attribute is enabled, the camera will auto-correct whenever necessary. If disabled, the camera will rely on the user to force an Auto NUC when needed, see 1.9.3-2.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 This attribute either enables or disables the overlay camera scale graphic in IR Monitor. 1.9.3-12 Overlay Graphic Date/Time This attribute either enables or disables the overlay camera date and time graphic in IR Monitor.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.10 Temperature Control Object (66 n Instances) HEX- 1.10.1 Class and Instance Attributes The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for the Temperature Control Object. Attribute Data Access Commant Instance Name...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.10.2 Class and Instance Services Implemented for Service Service name code Class level Instance level Get_Attribute_Single Set_Attribute_Single 1.10.3 Description of Class Attributes In order for the lens query, get current lens case, or change current lens case to work properly, follow these steps: ...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.10.3-4 Write “ds” to “.image.ccase.query.ds” Write the string “ds” into this attribute. Write 0x02 0x64 0x73 (the length of the string is in the first byte). 1.10.3-5 Write “ap” to “.image.ccase.query.ap” Write the string “ap” into this attribute. Write 0x02 0x61 0x70 (the length of the string is in the first byte).
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.11 Image Control Commands Object (67 1 Instance) HEX- 1.11.1 Class and Instance Attributes The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for Image Control Commands Attribute Data Access Comment Instance Name...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Attribute Data Access Comment Instance Name Data Value Type Rule Image State SHORT “LIVE”, STRING32 “FREEZE” Image Measure BOOL 0:Normal Get/Set Mode 1:High Prio One Shot Image BOOL 0: Do Nothing Get/Set Measurement 1:Execute...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.11.3-5 Scale Min This attribute sets the value of the minimum temperature scale setting in Kelvin. This setting is used in conjunction with Attribute 6 and is only effective if Attribute 4 is set to Manual.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.12 Isotherm Control Commands Object (68 1 Instance) HEX- 1.12.1 Class and Instance Attributes The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for Isotherm Control Commands Attribute Data Data Access Comment Instance...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Implemented for Service Service name code Class level Instance level Get_Attribute_Single Set_Attribute_Single 1.12.3 Description of Class Attributes Currently the camera is only enabled for one isotherm. In the future, there may be future instances for additional isotherms.
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The image will be stored under the \Temp\images\ directory in the FLIR A310 camera and under the /FLIR/images/ directory for FLIR Ax8. The image file name will be automatically created and is made up of the date and time to ensure a unique name with each image store.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.14 Alarm Settings Object (6A 9 Instances) HEX- 1.14.1 Class and Instance Attributes The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for Alarm Settings Data Data Access Comment Instance Attribute ID Name...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Each instance corresponds to a different Alarm within the camera. Instance 1 is Alarm 1, Instance 2 is Alarm 2, etc…. Instance 9 is the Batch Alarm. The Batch Alarm is used to enable and disable the output of the other active alarms.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.15 Object Parameters Object (6B 1 Instance) HEX- 1.15.1 Class and Instance Attributes The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for Object Parameters. Attribute Data Access Comment Instance Name Data Type...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.15.3 Description of Instance Attributes 1.15.3-1 Atmosphere Temperature This attribute sets the value of atmospheric temperature in Kelvin. 1.15.3-2 Emissivity This attribute sets the value of object emissivity. Accepted range is from 0.001 to 1.0.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.16 Spot Meter Object (6C 20 Instances) HEX- 1.16.1 Class and Instance Attributes The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for Spot Meter. Attribute Data Access Comment Instance Name Data Value...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Attribute Data Access Comment Instance Name Data Value Type Rule Spotmeter USINT 0: Undefined(U) Temp. State 1: Valid (=) 2: Less Than(>) 3: More Than(<) 4: Outside(O) 5: Outside calib.(*) 6: Unstable(~) 7: Compenstated...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 This attribute sets the value of a particular spot’s temperature surroundings in Kelvin. Only used when Attribute 1 is set to 1. 1.16.4-3 Emissivity This attribute sets the value of a particular spot’s emissivity. Accepted range is from 0.001 to 1.0. Only used when Attribute 1 is set to 1.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.17 Box Object (6D 20 Instances) HEX- 1.17.1 Class and Instance Attributes The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for Box. Attribute Data Access Comment Instance Name Data Value Type Rule...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Attribute Data Access Comment Instance Name Data Value Type Rule Box Min Temp. USINT 0: Undefined(U) State 1: Valid (=) 2: Less Than(>) 3: More Than(<) 4: Outside(O) 5: Outside calib.(*) 6: Unstable(~) 7: Compenstated...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Attribute Data Access Comment Instance Name Data Value Type Rule Box Avg. USINT 0: Undefined(U) Temp. State 1: Valid (=) 2: Less Than(>) 3: More Than(<) 4: Outside(O) 5: Outside calib.(*) 6: Unstable(~) 7: Compenstated...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.17.2 Class and Instance Services Implemented for Service Service name code Class level Instance level Get_Attribute_Single Set_Attribute_Single 1.17.3 Description of Class Attributes Currently the camera is enabled for 10 boxes. In the future, there may be more.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Value Meaning Undefined In the acceptable range Less than the acceptable range More than the acceptable range Outside the acceptable range Outside calibration Unstable temperature Temperature is compensated with delta correction 1.17.4-8 Box Max Temperature This attribute displays the highest temperature value in a particular box in Kelvin.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Value Meaning Undefined In the acceptable range Less than the acceptable range More than the acceptable range Outside the acceptable range Outside calibration Unstable temperature Temperature is compensated with delta correction 1.17.4-12 Box Position X This attribute sets the value of a particular box’s position on the X-axis.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.18 Temperature Difference Object (6E 6 Instances) HEX- - 1.18.1 Class and Instance Attributes The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for Temperature Difference. Attribute Data Access Comment Instance Name Data Value...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Implemented for Service Service name code Class level Instance level Get_Attribute_Single Set_Attribute_Single 1.18.3 Description of Class Attributes Currently the camera is enabled for six boxes. In the future, there may be more. 1.18.3-1 Max Instance This attribute indicates how many box objects are enabled in the camera and can be used.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.19 Physical I/O Object (6F 1 Instance) HEX- - 1.19.1 Class and Instance Attributes The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for Temperature Difference. Attribute Access Comment Instance Name Data Type...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 This attribute indicates if Digital Input 2 is active (1) or inactive (0). 1.19.3-3 DO 1 This attribute either sets the Digital Output 1 to an active (1) or inactive (0) state. 1.19.3-4 DO 2 This attribute either sets the Digital Output 2 to an active (1) or inactive (0) state.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 1.20 Pass Through Object (70 1 Instance) HEX- - 1.20.1 Class and Instance Attributes The following tables contain the attribute and common services information for Temperature Difference. Attribute Access Comment Instance Name Data Type...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Example using Service Code 0x33: Goal: Force an Auto Nuc on the camera Explanation: Data field is filled with the length of the camera variable “.image.services.nuc.commit” followed by the ASCII representation of it, plus an additional byte of data (in this case 0x01) for the new BOOLEAN value.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Service Code Class Instance Attribute Data 0x36 0x70 0x01 16 2E 69 6D 61 67 65 2E 7A 6F 6F 6D 2E 7A 6F 6F 6D 46 61 63 74 6F 72 Example using Service Code 0x37: Goal: Write Focus Position Value to 8.0...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Appendix A – Additional PCCC Mappings EtherNet/IP Objects 0x64 through 0x6F are also available to access using PCCC. Additional Integer (N) mappings To access integer (N) mappings of Objects 0x64-0x6F use the following information: 1.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Additional Float (F) mappings To access Float (F) mappings of Objects 0x64-0x6F use the following information: 1. The file number can be calculated using the following formula: File Number = (Object# + 100) 2. The file offset can be calculated using the following formula: Beginning File Offset = ((Instance# * 4000) + ((Attribute# - 1) * 20) + 1) 3.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Appendix B – Modbus TCP Assembly Mappings The EtherNet/IP assemblies are also available to access using Modbus TCP. Mapping 1 - Write Assembly Mapping You must use Unit ID 1 to access. This mapping gives you write access to some parameters over Modbus TCP.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Mapping 2 - Read Assembly Values You must use Unit ID 1 to access. The Temperature values are mapped as a floating point value with the least significant word stored in the first register and the most significant word store in the second register.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Register Data Data 40XXXX Access 1011-1012 Read Only Delta Temperature 4 1013-1014 Read Only Delta Temperature 5 1015-1016 Read Only Delta Temperature 6 1017-1018 Read Only Internal Camera Temperature 1019-1020 Read Only Spot 1 Temperature...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Register Data Data 40XXXX Access 1055-1056 Read Only Spot 4 Temperature 1057-1058 Read Only Box 4 Min Temperature 1059-1060 Read Only Box 4 Max Temperature 1061-1062 Read Only Box 4 Average Temperature 1063 Read Only...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Mapping 3 - Read Assembly Values You must use Unit ID 1 to access. The Temperature values are mapped as a floating point value with the most significant word stored in the first register and the least significant word store in the second register.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Register Data Data Access 40XXXX 2011-2012 Read Only Delta Temperature 4 2013-2014 Read Only Delta Temperature 5 2015-2016 Read Only Delta Temperature 6 2017-2018 Read Only Internal Camera Temperature 2019-2020 Read Only Spot 1 Temperature...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Register Data Data Access 40XXXX 2055-2056 Read Only Spot 4 Temperature 2057-2058 Read Only Box 4 Min Temperature 2059-2060 Read Only Box 4 Max Temperature 2061-2062 Read Only Box 4 Average Temperature 2063 Read Only...
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Appendix C – Additional Modbus TCP Mappings EtherNet/IP Objects 0x64 through 0x6F are also available to access using Modbus TCP. Additional Modbus mappings To access attributes in Objects 0x64-0x6F over Modbus TCP use the following information: 1.
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FLIR Systems Object Model version 1.22 Example reading Box 2 Min Temperature: Modbus Unit ID (Slave ID) = 109 Starting Register = Holding Register 8101 Example Min Temperature is 302.25 Kelvin 8101 = 4 8102 = 0x2000 8103 = 0x4397...
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A note on the technical production of this publication This publication was produced using XML — the eXtensible Markup Language. A note on the typeface used in this publication This publication was typeset using Linotype Helvetica™ World. Helvetica™ was designed by Max Miedinger (1910–1980) LOEF (List Of Effective Files) T501103.xml;...
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