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4.2.9 Selection of optimal inner pressure in tires depending on operational
conditions and load on tractor axles, instructions for tire use
4.2.9.1 Selection of optimal inner pressure in tyres depending on operational condi-
tions and load on tractor axes.
Selection of optimal air pressure in tires of wheeled tractors and rate of its influence
on gripping abilities depend on kinds of operations, soil type and load, applied to tractor
axles. Air pressure in tyres influences the wheel point being in contact with soil, and affects
its gripping abilities as well as tractor operational performance depending on soil condi-
tions. Rates of loads on tires to select operation mode with various inner pressures and
spees are set forth by a tire manufacturer and are provided in figure 4.3.
The pressure value depends on travel speed and weight loads on tractor axles, cre-
ated by weight of coupled implements with due account to tractor own weight and ballast
weight and also operation conditions.
Inner pressure in tires for each specific case of tractor being coupled wih imple-
ments is different. Therefore if tractor operational conditions are changed it is required to
check and if necessary adjust pressure value in tires. Failure to comply with pressure rates
decreases tire life significantly.
Tractor operation with the tire pressure set below the required rate results in the fol-
lowing wheel failures:
-
tire turning on rims;
-
wearing of tire bead against rim adge;
-
occurence of cracks on tire sides;
-
ply separation or rupture of a tire;
Operation with tire pressure higher than the rated pressure results in the following
wheel failures:
-
noticeable increased wear of wheels;
-
stretching of carcass layers and decrease of tire flexibility;
-
increased skidding of wheels;
-
increased sensitivity to impacts and cuts.
Extra duty operation resulting in excess of max. load capacity (for given pressure
and speed) of tires and tractor axles is a reson for failures and damages not only to the
undercarriage (tire carcass rupture) but also to other units and parts of the tractor, which
can lead to accidents and decrease of the tractor life span in general.
ATTENTION: ALWAYS SET TIRE PRESSURE WITH DUE ACCOUNT FOR
LOADS AND SPEEDS EFFECTIVE FOR A KIND OF PERATION BEING CARRIED OUT!
Correct choosing tire pressure as well as identifying if it is necessary to mount ballast
weights, their mass and type is possible only after defining a load value on tractor axles.
The exact load value for a specific case of tractor use, which is applied to front and
rear wheels of the tractor, can be determined only by way of practical weighing the tractor
with the implement coupled.
The method of identifying load on front and rear wheels of the tractor by way of
weighing is presented in section 5 "Cupling of implements".
To check tire pressure use properly-functioning devices with scale interval not more
than 10 kPa. This will ensure adequacy of measurements. The permissible limit deviations
for tire pressure are ± 10 kPa according to pressure gage readings.
223
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