Page 1 Operating Manual OPTIMOD 6200/6200S Digital Audio Processor...
Page 2 IMPORTANT NOTE: Refer to the unit’s rear panel for your Model #. Model Number: Description: 6200/U OPTIMOD-DAB 6200, Stereo Encoder, Digital I/O Protection Structure, Two-Band Structure set to 115V (for 90-130V operation) 6200/E OPTIMOD-DAB 6200, Stereo Encoder, Digital I/O Protection Structure, Two-Band Structure set to 230V (for 200-250V operation) 6200/S OPTIMOD 6200S, Stereo Encoder, Digital I/O...
Page 3 IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS All the safety and operating instructions should be read before the appliance is operated. Retain Instructions: The safety and operation instructions should be retained for future reference. Heed Warnings: All warnings on the appliance and in the operating instructions should be adhered to. Follow Instructions: All operation and user instructions should be followed.
Page 4 Safety Instructions (German) Gerät nur an der am Leistungsschild vermerkten Spannung und Stromart betreiben. Sicherungen nur durch solche, gleicher Stromstärke und gleichen Abschaltverhaltens ersetzen. Sicherungen nie überbrücken. Jedwede Beschädigung des Netzkabels vermeiden. Netzkabel nicht knicken oder quetschen. Beim Abziehen des Netzkabels den Stecker und nicht das Kabel enfassen.
Page 5 (2) Check the other sections of the Manual (consult the Table of Contents and Index) to see if there might be some suggestions regarding your problem. (3) After reading the section on Factory Assistance, you may call Orban Customer Service for advice during normal California business hours. The number is (1) 510/351-3500.
Page 7 Operating Manual OPTIMOD 6200/6200S Digital Audio Processor...
Page 8 (grounded through a protective resistor) and a static safe workbench with a conductive surface should be used. This will prevent any buildup or damaging static. The OPTIMOD 6200 is protected by U.S. patents 4,208,548; 4,460,871; and U.K. patent 2,001,495. Other patents pending. Orban is a registered trademark.
Page 9: Table Of Contents
OPTIMOD TABLE OF CONTENTS Index .................... Reading this Manual..............1-2 6200 OPTIMOD-DAB Digital Audio Processor......1-2 User-Friendly Interface..................1-3 Flexible Configuration ..................1-3 Adaptability through Multiple Audio Processing Structures ......1-4 Controllable ......................1-4 Presets in OPTIMOD-DAB ............1-5 Factory Processing Presets ................. 1-5 User Presets ......................
Page 10 ORBAN Model 6200 DTV Applications ...............1-16 Using the 6200 in the United States DTV System..........1-16 Audio Processing for Consistency and Loudness Control ......1-18 A Hybrid Technique for DTV Processing ............1-18 Advantages of Multiband Compression in DTV Audio .........1-19 Using the 6200 in the 5.1 Channel Plant ............1-20 Bypassing the Loudness Controller ..............1-20...
Page 11 Figure 2-5: 8200ST Jumper Settings (*Factory Configuration)....2-14 Figure 2-6: 464A Jumper Settings..............2-16 If you are using Orban 464A Co-Operator............. 2-17 If you are using an Orban 4000 Transmission Limiter ........2-19 Figure 2-7: 4000 Jumper Locations..............2-19 Figure 2-8: 4000 HF Limiter Jumpers............... 2-20 Figure 2-9: 4000 Pre-Emphasis Jumper............
Page 12 Table 3-1: Factory Programming Presets (Radio) ..........3-9 Table 3-2: Factory Programming Presets (Television)........3-11 The Protection Limiter Structure ..........3-13 Setting Up the Protection Limiter..............3-13 Protection Limiting: Orban’s Approach ............3-14 Equalization Controls ..............3-16 Table 3-3: Multi-Band Equalization Controls ..........3-16 The Two-Band Structure ............3-20 Setting Up the Two-Band Structure ..............3-20...
Page 13 OPTIMOD Problems and Possible Causes ..........5-2 RFI, Hum, Clicks, Or Buzzes .................. 5-2 Poor Peak Modulation Control ................5-2 Audible Distortion On-Air..................5-2 Audible Noise On-Air ................... 5-3 Shrill, Harsh Sound ....................5-3 System Receiving 6200’s Output Will Not Lock ..........5-4 System Will Not Pass Line-Up Tones at 100% Modulation........
Page 14 ORBAN Model 6200 Input Circuits .......................6-11 Analog Input Stages ................6-11 Stereo Analog-to-Digital (A/D) Converter..........6-12 Digital Input Receiver and Sample Rate Converter (SRC) ....6-12 Digital Sync Input Receiver..............6-13 Output Circuits....................6-14 Stereo Digital-to-Analog (D/A) Converter..........6-14 Analog Output Stages ................6-15 Digital Sample Rate Converter (SRC) and Output Transmitter ..6-16 DSP Circuits......................6-17...
Page 15: Index
OPTIMOD INDEX AGC B CPL 3-23, 29 band 2 to 1 coupling 3-32 AGC DRIVE 3-22, 28 band 3 to 4 coupling 3-32 AGC ON/OFF 3-22, 3-28 6200 OPTIMOD-DAB 1-2 band 4 to 5 coupling 3-33 AGC REL 3-23, 29 6200S 1-2 band 5 threshold 3-33 analog input clip 2-24...
Page 16 2-1 soft keys 3-2 464A Co-Operator 2-17 STAT BITS 2-34 8200ST 2-13 factory presets 1-5, 3-7 SYNC DELAY 2-33 Orban 4000 Limiter 2-19 radio 3-9 two-band 3-22 studio controller 2-13 tv 3-11 user bits 2-32 internal clock 2-33 factory service 5-6...
Page 17 OPTIMOD meters parts list 6-20 schematics 6-29 AGC 2-12, 3-2 passcode programming 2-35 screen display 2-11, 3-2 gain reduciton 2-12, 3-2 PC control 1-16 security 1-16, 2-35 input 2-12, 3-2 peak modulation setup limiter 2-12, 3-3 cannot control 5-2 button 2-11, 2-23, 3-2 ppm 2-27 power system 2-23...
Page 18 I-10 ORBAN Model 6200 tv presets 3-11 two-band structure 3-9, 11, 3-20 controls 3-22 drive control 3-23 release control 3-23 setup 3-20 unbalanced inputs 2-9 unpacking 2-2 user feedback 1-23 user presets 1-5 vendor codes 6-28 voltage selector 2-4 vu meter 2-27...
Page 19 OPTIMOD INTRODUCTION Section 1 Introduction Reading this Manual..............1-2 6200 OPTIMOD-DAB Digital Audio Processor......1-2 Presets in OPTIMOD-DAB ............1-5 Input/Output Configuration ............. 1-6 Studio-Transmitter Link..............1-7 Location of OPTIMOD-DAB ............. 1-10 Using Lossy Data Reduction in the Studio ......1-11 Interfacing to the Transmitter ..........
Page 20: Reading This Manual
Because OPTIMOD-DAB incorporates several audio processing innovations exclu- sive to Orban products, you should not assume that it can be operated in the same way as less sophisticated processors. If you do, you may get disappointing results.
Page 21: User-Friendly Interface
30Ω impedance to ensure highest transparency and accurate pulse response. • All input, output, and power connections are rigorously RFI-suppressed to Orban’s traditional exacting standards, ensuring trouble-free installation. •...
Page 22: Adaptability Through Multiple Audio Processing Structures
• Both 6200 and 6200S can be remote-controlled by an external computer running Orban remote software (included) and connected directly or via modem to one of OPTIMOD’s RS-232 serial ports. 6200 OPTIMOD-DAB (and not Model 6200S) can also be remote-controlled by 5-12V pulses applied to eight programmable, optically...
Page 23: Presets In Optimod-Dab
OPTIMOD INTRODUCTION • OPTIMOD-DAB Audio Processor contains a built-in line-up tone generator, facili- tating quick and accurate level setting in any system. Presets in OPTIMOD-DAB There are two distinct kinds of presets in OPTIMOD-DAB: Factory Processing Presets and User Presets. Factory Processing Presets There are 36 Factory Processing Presets —...
Page 24: Input/Output Configuration
INTRODUCTION ORBAN Model 6200 Input/Output Configuration OPTIMOD-DAB is designed to simultaneously accommodate: • Digital AES/EBU left/right inputs and outputs. • Analog left/right inputs and outputs. Digital AES/EBU Left/Right Input/Output The digital input and output follow the professional AES/EBU standard. They are both equipped with sample rate converters to allow operation at 32, 44.1, and 48kHz sample...
Page 25: Studio-Transmitter Link
OPTIMOD INTRODUCTION Studio-Transmitter Link Transmission from Studio to Transmitter There are five types of studio-transmitter links (STLs) in common use in broadcast ser- ® vice: uncompressed digital, digital with lossy compression (like MPEG, Dolby , or APT- ® ), microwave, analog landline (telephone/post line), and audio subcarrier on a video microwave STL.
Page 26 INTRODUCTION ORBAN Model 6200 very transparent provided they do not truncate the digital words produced by the devices driving their inputs and they do not require downward sample rate conversion. Downward sample rate conversion can cause overshoot due to spectral trun- cation and asynchronous re-sampling of the 48kHz peak-controlled samples.
Page 27 2dB, reducing average modulation. Many commercial STLs have this prob- lem. Some consultants presently offer modifications to minimize or eliminate this problem. If your exciter or STL has this problem, you may contact Orban Customer Service for the latest information on such services. Analog landline (PTT/post office line) Analog landline quality is extremely variable, ranging from excellent to poor.
Page 28: Location Of Optimod-Dab
1-10 INTRODUCTION ORBAN Model 6200 Location of OPTIMOD-DAB At the Transmitter is Best The best location for OPTIMOD-DAB is as close as possible to the transmitter so that OPTIMOD-DAB’s AES/EBU output can be connected to the transmitter through a cir- cuit path that introduces no change in OPTIMOD-DAB’s output bitstream.
Page 29: Optimod-Dab At The Transmitter: Gain Control Before The Stl
Further, many STLs require level control to prevent the STL from being overloaded. To apply such level control and compression, we recommend the Orban Model 8200ST Compressor/Limiter/HF Limiter/Clipper before the STL transmitter. The 8200ST per- forms the function of OPTIMOD-DAB’s internal broadband automatic gain control...
Page 30: Interfacing To The Transmitter
1-12 INTRODUCTION ORBAN Model 6200 Sometimes, several encode/decode cycles will be cascaded before the material is finally presented to OPTIMOD-DAB’s input. All such algorithms operate by increasing the quantization noise in discrete frequency bands. If not psychoacoustically masked by the program material, this noise may be per- ceived as distortion, “gurgling,”...
Page 31: Subframe Delay
Data (particularly the Dynamic Range Control signal). Version 2.0 (and lower) of the 6200 firmware does not yet support PAD be- cause Orban is still working with transmitter vendors and customers to de- fine exactly what is required and desired.
Page 32: Monitoring On Loudspeakers And Headphones
1-14 INTRODUCTION ORBAN Model 6200 First is asynchronous re-sampling, which we have discussed at length earlier in this chapter. (See page 1-8, for example.) If any digital processing that causes its output samples to be asynchronous to its input samples is used after the 6200’s output, this can cause the peak levels of individual samples to increase above the nominal threshold of limiting.
Page 33: Eas Test
1-15 OPTIMOD INTRODUCTION EAS Test For stations participating in the Emergency Alert System (EAS) in the United States, broadcast of EAS tones and data can be accomplished in three different ways: Note: Normal 6200 processing may not allow the full modulation level as re- quired by EAS standards.
Page 34: Security Pascode For Pc Control
1-16 INTRODUCTION ORBAN Model 6200 Connect two outputs from your station remote control system to the Remote Inter- face connector on the rear panel of the 6200, according to the wiring diagram in Section 2. Place the 6200 in Bypass mode by remote control.
Page 35 1-17 OPTIMOD INTRODUCTION • The second is Line-Mode Dynamic Range Control, which allows the receiver to per- form a wideband compression function if the listener chooses. • The third is RF-mode Dynamic Range Control, which applies heavier processing. The obvious question that arises is how these signals are to be generated in a real-world operational facility.
Page 36: Audio Processing For Consistency And Loudness Control
The audio processor also has another crucial function — it smooths out transitions between one piece of program material and the next. Orban’s OPTIMOD-TV 8282 (for analog services) incorporates the CBS Loud- ness Controller algorithm. This uses a complex algorithm that estimates the amount of perceived loudness in a given piece of program material.
Page 37: Advantages Of Multiband Compression In Dtv Audio
1-19 OPTIMOD INTRODUCTION unobtrusive regardless of whether the listener is hearing compressed or uncompressed audio. We suspect that it is impractical to pass through, without review, dialog normalization values created by program and commercial providers, because some commercial provid- ers will inevitably try to game the system to make their commercials excessively loud. Instead, if dialog normalization is to be actively used in transmission, the broadcaster must strip its existing value from the program, and must then preview each piece of pro- gram material and replace the value with one that will ensure consistency from one piece...
Page 38: Using The 6200 In The 5.1 Channel Plant
1-20 INTRODUCTION ORBAN Model 6200 Availability of multiband compression is another argument for passing most program material through a conventional compressor with loudness control even in DTV service. Multiband compression smooths out not only loudness variations but also variations in equalization, which can be particularly valuable with program material that has to air in a timely manner, where there is no time budgeted for careful audio post-production.
Page 39: Webcasting Applications
Webcasting Applications This section was written in early 1999. As the state of the art in webcasting is changing with ferocious rapidity, we expect it to become outdated quickly. Please check Orban’s web site, www.orban.com, for newer information. Using the 6200 in Streaming Applications You need an audio source connection (either analog, AES/EBU digital, or SPDIF digi- tal).
Page 40: Using The 6200 In Non-Streaming Applications, To Prepare Audio Files For Download
1-22 INTRODUCTION ORBAN Model 6200 If you are encoding at a sample rate lower than 44.1kHz, set the 6200’s lowpass filter cutoff frequency to approximately 45% of the encoder’s sample frequency. You may have to read your encoder documentation carefully to determine the sample frequency, because this bears no relationship to the output bit rate after lossy audio compression by the encoder.
Page 41: Choosing Your Encoder
1-23 OPTIMOD INTRODUCTION Choosing your Encoder The state of the art in encoder technology changes weekly. We can give no specific rec- ommendations. However, be aware that different encoders are optimized for different bit rates, and you should match your encoder to your potential audience. An encoder appro- priate for a dial-up rate of 20kb/sec may not be optimum for ISDN, DSL, or T-1 rates.
Page 43 OPTIMOD INSTALLATION Section 2 Installation Installing the 6200 ............... 2-2 6200 Rear Panel................2-7 Audio Input and Output Connections ........2-8 AES/EBU Digital Input and Output.......... 2-10 Grounding ................. 2-10 6200 Front Panel ............... 2-11 Installation of Studio Level Controller (optional) ....2-13 System Setup................
Page 44: Installing The 6200
Complete the Registration Card and return it to Orban. (please) The Registration Card enables us to inform you of new applications, per- formance improvements, software updates, and service aids that may be de- veloped, and it helps us respond promptly to claims under warranty without our having to request a copy of your bill of sale or other proof of purchase.
Page 45 OPTIMOD INSTALLATION Make sure that power is off before removing the covers. Remove the 18 screws fastening the top cover to the chassis. Remove the top cover to expose the internal circuit board. Move jumpers J301 and J303 according to Figure 2-1. Jumper J301 sets the left channel termination and jumper J303 sets the right channel termination.
Page 46 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 3. Check the line voltage, fuse and power cord. DO NOT connect power to the unit yet! Check the Voltage Selector. This is on the rear panel. The 6200 is shipped configured for either 90-130V or 200-250V, 50Hz or 60Hz operation, as indicated on the rear panel.
Page 47 OPTIMOD INSTALLATION 4. Set Ground Lift switch. (Ground Lift) switch is located on the rear panel. GND LIFT The Ground Lift switch is shipped from the factory in the “CHASSIS GROUND” position, (to connect the 6200’s circuit ground to its chassis ground).
Page 48 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 6. Connect remote control. (optional, 6200 OPTIMOD-DAB only) The 6200 OPTIMOD-DAB has extensive remote control provisions. Optically isolated remote control connections are terminated in a type DB-25 female connector located on the rear panel. It is wired according to Fig. 2-3.
Page 49: 6200 Rear Panel
OPTIMOD INSTALLATION If you want to connect the 6200 directly to a computer, use a “null modem” cable. If you want to connect it to a modem, use a conventional computer-to- modem cable. In a high-RF environment, these wires should be short and should be run through foil-shielded cable, with the shield connected to CHASSIS GROUND at both ends.
Page 50: Audio Input And Output Connections
INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 breaks that connection. Although we have provided this switch to ensure versatility in any installation, we can conceive of no installation where it would be set to LIFT. An RS-232 (PC Remote) Computer Interface on Port 1 is provided to connect the 6200 to IBM PC-compatible computers, directly or via modem, for remote control and metering.
Page 51: Analog Audio Monitor Output
OPTIMOD INSTALLATION (0dBu = 0.775Vrms. For this application, the dBm@600Ω scale on voltme- ters can be read as if it were calibrated in dBu.) • The peak input level that causes overload is dependent on the setting of the AI CLIP (Analog Input Clipping) level control.
Page 52: Aes/Ebu Digital Input And Output
2-10 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 AES/EBU Digital Input and Output There are two AES/EBU inputs and one AES/EBU output. One input accepts program audio; the other accepts house sync. The program input and output are both equipped with sample rate converters and can operate at 32, 44.1, and 48kHz.
Page 53: Power Ground
2-11 OPTIMOD INSTALLATION Power Ground • Ground the 6200 chassis through the third wire in the power cord. Proper grounding techniques never leave equipment chassis unconnected to power/earth ground. A proper power ground is essential to safe operation. Lifting a chassis from power ground creates a potential safety hazard.
Page 54 AGC meter shows the gain reduction of the slow AGC processing that precedes the multi-band compressor. Full-scale is 25dB gain reduction. Because the AGC is a two-band unit with Orban’s patented bass coupling system, this meter actually reads the gain reduction of the AGC Master band.
Page 55: Installation Of Studio Level Controller (Optional)
[Skip this section if you are not using a studio level controller ahead of the 6200. Con- tinue with “System Setup” on page 2-23.] If you are using Orban 8200ST-Studio Chassis If the STL uses pre-emphasis, its input pre-emphasis network will probably introduce overshoots that will increase peak modulation without any increase in average modulation.
Page 56 2-14 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 TOP OF MAIN BOARD Clipper Jumpers Output Pre-Emphasis Jumpers FLAT PRE-EMPHASIZED CLIPPER ON CLIPPER OFF LEFT RIGHT LEFT RIGHT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT Line-up Level Jumpers *PEAK LEFT RIGHT LEFT RIGHT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT...
Page 57 2-15 OPTIMOD INSTALLATION 3. Set 8200ST Output Level with tone. Press the button on the 8200ST. TONE lamp should light and the modulation meters should indicate “0.” TONE If they do not, re-strap jumpers JB and JC to “peak.” (Refer to Figure 2-5.) The 8200ST is now producing a 400Hz sine wave at each output.
Page 58 2-16 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 JUMPER A: CLIPPER DEFEAT OPERATE JUMPER C: RIGHT OUTPUT FLAT PRE–EMPHASIZED JUMPER B: LEFT OUTPUT PRE–EMPHASIZED FLAT Figure 2-6: 464A Jumper Settings...
Page 59: If You Are Using Orban 464A Co-Operator
2-17 OPTIMOD INSTALLATION If you are using Orban 464A Co-Operator If the STL uses pre-emphasis, its input pre-emphasis network will probably introduce overshoots that will increase peak modulation without any increase in average modulation. We therefore strongly recommend that the STL trans- mitter’s pre-emphasis be defeated (freeing the STL from such potential over-...
Page 60 2-18 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 To calibrate the 464A’s output level and meters using PEAK OUTPUT LEVEL program material: Set both channels of the 464A controls as follows: METER CAL HF LIMIT PRE-EMPHASIS set to pre-emphasis of your STL; if no pre-emphasis, set to 25µs...
Page 61: If You Are Using An Orban 4000 Transmission Limiter
2-19 OPTIMOD INSTALLATION If you are using an Orban 4000 Transmission Limiter If the STL uses pre-emphasis, its input pre-emphasis network will probably introduce overshoots that will increase peak modulation without any increase in average modulation. We therefore strongly recommend that the STL trans- mitter’s pre-emphasis be defeated (freeing the STL from such potential over-...
Page 62 2-20 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 Activate the high frequency limiter. Place jumpers JI and JJ in the “HF LIMITER ACTIVE” position. JUMPER JJ JUMPER JI HF LIMITER ACTIVE HF LIMITER Figure 2-8: 4000 HF Limiter Jumpers Set pre-emphasis of the high frequency limiter.
Page 63 2-21 OPTIMOD INSTALLATION JUMPER JD FLAT PRE-EMPHASIZED Figure 2-10: 4000 Pre-Emphasis Jumper Set the two channels for stereo coupling. Place jumpers JG1, JG2, and JG3 in the “COUPLED” position. JUMPER JG1 JUMPER JG3 JUMPER JG2 COUPLED INDEPENDENT Figure 2-11: 4000 Stereo Coupling Jumper Replace the top and bottom covers.
Page 64 2-22 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 For example, with an STL where 100% modulation = +18dBu, and with a studio where 0VU = +4dBu: +18−(+4)−14 = set gain of the 4000 to 0dB For facilities using PPM meters, we suggest: 100% peak level (dBu)–PPM reference level (dBu)−9db = gain of the 4000...
Page 65: System Setup
3. Set the ST CHASSIS mode as appropriate for your installation. [yes] or [no] This control tells the 6200 if you have a studio chassis (such as an Orban 8200ST OPTIMOD-Studio, Orban 464A Co-Operator, or similar AGC) in- stalled at your studio feeding the studio-to-transmitter link. Setting defeats the 6200’s AGC.
Page 66: Analog I/O Setup
2-24 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 Temporarily set the ST CHASSIS to “no” so that the Analog and Digital Input reference level alignment steps (below) will work correctly. After you have finished with these steps, you will set the ST CHASSIS parameter appropri- ately for your installation.
Page 67 Calibrate with unprocessed audio, step (B), page 2-25, or • Calibrate with a Studio Level Control System that has a built-in 100% Calibra- tion Tone, such as the Orban 8200ST-Studio Chassis or the Orban 4000 Trans- mission Limiter, step (C), page 2-25, or •...
Page 68 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 [Skip this step if you are calibrating in another manner.] Turn on the Studio Level Control System’s 100% Calibration Tone. On the Orban 4000 Transmission Limiter, press both of the 4000’s front panel buttons. TONE Adjust the output level of the Studio Level Control System for 100% modulation of the STL.
Page 69 (typically 0VU if your console uses VU meters). If you are using an Orban 4000 Transmission Limiter, press its two TEST buttons. Feed a tone through your console at the level to which you normally peak program material (typically 0VU if your console uses VU meters).
Page 70 2-28 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 Calibrate using Program — feed normal Program material to the 6200. [Skip this step if you are using Tone to calibrate the 6200 to your standard studio level — see step (E) above.] Play program material from your studio, peaking at the level to which you normally peak program material (typically 0VU if your console uses VU meters).
Page 71 2-29 OPTIMOD INSTALLATION The analog output pair is intended primarily for monitoring because the AES/EBU digital output will give much better peak modulation control. The analog output can be fed either before or after the look-ahead limiter. Since the look-ahead limiter contributes most of the time delay through the system, listening from the output of the multi-band compressor (ahead of the look- ahead limiter) can be much more comfortable to a DJ or presenter monitoring his/her voice through earphones.
Page 72: Digital I/O Setup
2-30 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 Digital I/O Setup [Skip these steps if you will not be using the 6200’s digital input and output. Refer to page 2-24 to set the 6200’s analog I/O.] For the following I/O Calibration parameters, use the soft keys to select in- put/output parameters.
Page 73 (typically 0VU if your console uses VU meters). If you are using an Orban 4000 Transmission Limiter, press its two TEST buttons. Feed a tone through your console at the level to which you normally peak program material (typically 0VU if your console uses VU meters).
Page 74 2-32 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 Hold down the soft key and use the 6200’s front panel control knob to DI REF adjust for an average of 10dB gain reduction on the 6200’s AGC meter. Also, observe the indicator. It should go out when program is present.
Page 75 2-33 OPTIMOD INSTALLATION Press DIG OUT CALIB soft key. Adjust to determine the maximum peak digital output level with refer- DO 100% ence to full-scale. 7. Set the DO RATE (Digital Output sample rate). [32], [44.1], or [48kHz] 48kHz is preferred because its samples are synchronous with the peak con- trolled samples in the processing.
Page 76 2-34 INSTALLATION ORBAN Model 6200 its output word length to 18 or 16 bits. If the input material is insufficiently dithered for these lower word lengths, the 6200 can also add dither. (See the next step.) Press the button to page to the Digital Output Calibration screen with...
Page 77: Security And Pascode Programming
The 6200 has a relatively simple security system. The same pascode is used for local and remote security. If you plan to use Orban’s PC Remote software you must set a pascode so the software can connect. If you do not plan to use the PC Remote software, setting a pascode is optional.
Page 78: Remote Control Interface Programming
However, 6200S can be controlled remotely with 6200 PC software: If you plan to use Orban PC Remote software, you may need to change the Modem Initialization String. Refer to step 6 below and the 6200 PC Manual.
Page 79 2-37 OPTIMOD INSTALLATION word length 16, 18, or 20: Selects 16-, 18-, or 20-bit output words. See step 10 on page 2-33. dither on or off: sets dither status. See step 11 on page 2-34. no function: remote interface disabled. 5.
Page 81 Orban OPERATION Section 3 Operation 6200 Front Panel ................. 3-2 Introduction to Processing ............3-3 Customizing the 6200’s Sound..........3-5 About the Processing Structures ..........3-6 Factory Programming Presets........... 3-7 The Protection Limiter Structure..........3-13 Equalization Controls ............... 3-16 The Two-Band Structure............3-20 The Multi-Band Structure ............
Page 82: 6200 Front Panel
AGC meter shows the gain reduction of the slow AGC processing that precedes the multi-band compressor. Full-scale is 25dB gain reduction. Because the AGC is a two-band unit with Orban’s patented bass coupling system, this meter actually reads the gain reduction of the AGC Master band.
Page 83: Introduction To Processing
OPTIMOD OPERATION • Limiter meters show the amount of broadband look-ahead peak limiting in the left and right channels, which are not coupled because of the fast release time of this cir- cuit. Full-scale is 12dB gain reduction. Introduction to Processing Some Audio Processing Concepts Reducing the peak-to-average ratio of the audio increases loudness.
Page 84: Loudness And Distortion
In processing, there is a direct trade-off between loudness and distortion. You can im- prove one only at the expense of one or both of the other two. Thanks to Orban’s psy- choacoustically optimized designs, this is less true of Orban processors than of any oth- ers.
Page 85: Customizing The 6200'S Sound
LESS-MORE level of control, because the combinations of subjec- tive setup control settings produced by this control have been optimized by Orban’s au- dio processing experts on the basis of years of experience designing audio processing, and upon hundred of hours of listening tests.
Page 86: Full Control
OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 Full Control If you want to create a signature sound for your station that is out of the ordinary, or if your taste differs from the people who programmed the tables, LESS-MORE FULL is available to you. At this level, you can customize or modify any subjective CONTROL setup control setting to create a sound exactly to your taste.
Page 87: Factory Programming Presets
Factory Programming Presets The presets have been named similarly to their radio counterparts in Orban’s OPTIMOD-FM 8200 with firmware version 3.00 and to their television counterparts in Orban’s OPTIMOD-TV 8282 (with firmware version 1.2). (There are two more presets available in OPTIMOD-DAB than in 8200 Version 3.00) The basic audio texture of cor-...
Page 88 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 including the source presets from which they were taken and the nominal LESS-MORE setting of each preset. Many of the presets come in several “flavors,” like “dense,” “medium,” and “open.” These refer to the density produced by the processing. “Open” uses a slow multi-band release time “Medium”...
Page 89 OPTIMOD OPERATION FACTORY PROGRAMMING PRESETS (RADIO) Preset Names Source Preset Normal Less-More PROTECTION 0dB PROTECTION 0dB PROTECTION 5dB PROTECTION 5dB 2B CLASSICAL 2B CLASSICAL 2B PROCESSED 2B PROCESSED GENERAL-DENSE GENERAL-DENSE GENERAL-MEDIUM GENERAL-MEDIUM GENERAL-OPEN GENERAL-OPEN URBAN/RAP-DENSE URBAN/RAP-DENSE URBAN/RAP-MEDIUM URBAN/RAP-MEDIUM URBAN/RAP-OPEN URBAN/RAP-OPEN ROCK-DENSE ROCK-DENSE ROCK-MEDIUM...
Page 90 3-10 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 URBAN/RAP: The presets are similar to the presets but with more URBAN/RAP ROCK bass. They use the 3-pole (18dB/octave) shape on the bass equalizer. They are appropri- ate for Urban, Rap, Black, R&B, Dance and other similar formats.
Page 91 It sounds very similar to Orban’s analog OPTIMOD-TV (Model 8182A) when that unit is adjusted for “General” programming according to the instructions in its oper- ating manual.
Page 92 3-12 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 TV 2B-GP NO LC (TV Two-Band General Purpose; no Loudness Controller): is identi- cal to TV 2B-GEN PURPOSE except that the Loudness Controller is defeated. TV 2B-FINE ARTS (TV Two-Band Fine Arts) is identical to...
Page 93: The Protection Limiter Structure
3-13 OPTIMOD OPERATION controlled to accommodate the very limited dynamic range of the medium, and that little gain riding is therefore required from the 6200. The Protection Limiter Structure The Protection Limiter structure is designed for stations wanting the highest possible fidelity to the source, such as a station broadcasting concert music at night when its au- dience is likely to listen in a concentrated and critical way.
Page 94: Protection Limiting: Orban's Approach
3-14 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 Protection Limiting: Orban’s Approach Traditionally, protection limiters have used peak-sensing automatic gain control (AGC) processors to control peak levels. Superficially, this approach seems reasonable. The purpose of a protection limiter is to control the peak levels in a transmission channel.
Page 95 3-15 OPTIMOD OPERATION The dual-band limiter can produce a maximum of 25dB of limiting. This is more than adequate for protection limiting. It is important not to overdrive the limiter past 25dB gain reduction; the sound will rapidly become highly distorted. Because the gain control section of the Protection Limiter structure is not peak-sensing, its output contains peak overshoots that must be eliminated by further processing.
Page 96: Equalization Controls
3-16 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 Equalization Controls MULTI-BAND EQUALIZATION Parameter Labels Units Default Range (CCW to CW) Step LOW BASS 0 (2P) 2P 0 … +12, 3P 0 … +12 DJ BASS off, on MID BASS 0 … +12 −10.0 … +10.0...
Page 97 3-17 OPTIMOD OPERATION 1dB steps) with a 12dB/octave slope. 3P provides a range of 0dB to +12dB (in 1dB steps) at 110Hz and below with an 18dB/octave slope. Because the Multi-Band structure often increases the brightness of program material, some bass boost is usually desirable to keep the sound spectrally well balanced. Adjust- ment of bass equalization must be determined by individual taste and by the require- ments of your format.
Page 98 Midrange Parametric Equalizer is a specially designed parametric equalizer whose boost and cut curves closely emulate those of a classic Orban analog parametric equal- izer with conventional bell-shaped curves (within ±0.15dB worst-case). This provides warm, smooth, “analog-sounding”...
Page 99 3-19 OPTIMOD OPERATION HF FREQ determines the center frequency of the equalization, in Hertz. The range is 2-20kHz HF WIDTH determines the bandwidth of the equalization, in octaves. The range is 0.3-2.0 octaves. If you are unfamiliar with using a parametric equal- izer, 1 octave is a good starting point.
Page 100: The Two-Band Structure
The Two-Band structure consists of a slow two-band gated AGC (Automatic Gain Con- trol) for gain riding, followed by a gated two-band compressor and a look-ahead limiter. Like the “2-Band Purist” structure in Orban’s OPTIMOD-FM 8200, it is phase-linear throughout to maximize sonic transparency.
Page 101: Gain Reduction Metering
3-21 OPTIMOD OPERATION For television, recall a TV Two-Band preset that matches the program material. (See page 3-11). Gain Reduction Metering Unlike the metering on some processors, when any OPTIMOD-DAB gain reduction me- ter indicates full-scale (at its bottom), it means that its associated compressor has run out of gain reduction range, that the circuitry is being overloaded, and that various nasti- nesses are likely to commence.
Page 102: The Two-Band Structure's Full Setup Controls
3-22 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 vide less compression and a frequency balance that is maximally faithful to the source material. The Two-Band Structure’s Full Setup Controls The table shows a summary of the Two-Band controls: 2B FULL CONTROL Parameter Labels...
Page 103 3-23 OPTIMOD OPERATION AGC REL (AGC Release) control determines how fast the AGC compressor releases. It is ordinarily operated in the slow end of its range to allow the AGC to do gentle gain riding. The two-band compressor does the hard work to increase program density (if de- sired).
Page 104 3-24 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 toward 0.5dB/second allow a wider variation of dynamic range. Both the setting of the control and the dynamics and level of the program material determine the actual 2B REL release time of the compressor. In general, you should use faster release times for mass-...
Page 105 Instead of operating the Two-Band structure like this, you should almost always choose a Multi-Band preset instead. BASS CLIP threshold controls Orban’s patented embedded bass clipper. It is embedded in the multi-band crossover so that harmonics created by clipping are rolled off by part of the crossover filters.
Page 106: The Multi-Band Structure
3-26 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 ing is increased, the audible distortion caused by limiting is increased. Lower settings reduce loudness, of course, but result in a cleaner sound. You may find it illuminating to recall several Factory Presets, adjust LESS-...
Page 107: Putting The Multi-Band Structure On The Air
3-27 OPTIMOD OPERATION Unlike the Two-Band structure, whose two-band compressor has a continuously variable release time, the release time of the multi-band compressor is switchable to four settings: slow mslow (medium-slow), mfast (medium-fast), and fast . Each setting makes a very significant difference in the overall flavor and quality of the sound.
Page 108: The Multi-Band Structure's Full Setup Controls
3-28 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 The Multi-Band Structure’s Full Setup Controls The table shows a summary of the Multi-Band controls: MULTI-BAND FULL CONTROL Parameter Labels Units Default Range (CCW to CW) Step off, on −10 … +25 AGC DRIVE (per L/M tables)
Page 109 AGC. For a further discussion see BASS CPL on page 3-24. BASS CLIP threshold controls Orban’s patented embedded bass clipper. It is embedded in the multi-band crossover so that harmonics created by clipping are rolled off by part of the crossover filters.
Page 110 3-30 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 Some 6200 users feel that the bass clipper unnecessarily reduces bass punch at its factory settings. To accommodate these users, the threshold of the bass clipper is user- adjustable. The range (with reference to the look-ahead limiter threshold) is 0 to –6dB.
Page 111 3-31 OPTIMOD OPERATION MB DRIVE interacts with the MB REL (Multi-Band Release) setting With slower release time settings, increasing the control scarcely affects density. Instead, MB DRIVE the primary danger is that the excessive drive will cause noise to be excessively in- creased when the program material becomes quiet.
Page 112 3-32 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 Medium Fast is ideal for a highly competitive Contemporary Hit Radio (CHR) format whose ratings depend on attracting a large number of listeners (high “cume”) but which does not assume that a listener will listen to the sta- tion for hours at a time.
Page 113 3-33 OPTIMOD OPERATION B4>B5 CPL (Band 4 to Band 5 Coupling) control determines the extent to which the gain of band 5 (above 6.2kHz) is determined by and follows the gain of band 4 (centered at 3.7kHz). Set towards 100% (fully coupled) it reduces the amount of dynamic HF boost, preventing unnatural HF boost in light pop and instrumental formats.
Page 114 3-34 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 usually noisy program material. Modern commercial recordings will almost never need it. We expect that its main use will be in talk-oriented programming, including sports. Please note that it is impossible to design such a system to handle all program material without audible side effects.
Page 115: Test Modes
3-35 OPTIMOD OPERATION Test Modes The 6200 has a built-in test tone generator to allow system testing. It also has a bypass preset with adjustable gain. To access these modes, first press the Setup button, and then press the soft key. The table below shows the test modes available in detail: TEST SETUP: TEST Parameter Labels...
Page 116 3-36 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 Systematically, the following is a good method for creating mastering presets. It assumes that you have already set the level and level controls to com- INPUT REF INPUT CLIP plement your operating levels. (See Chapter 2.) Decide whether you are going to use two-band or five-band processing.
Page 117: Limitations In Mastering Applications
3-37 OPTIMOD OPERATION 100%, they permit less and less dynamic LF and HF program-adaptive boost. If you feel that the dynamic re-equalization is not producing enough brightness when the program material lacks high frequencies, you should turn the BAND 3>4 BAND 4>5 COUPLING closer to 0%.
Page 118 3-38 OPERATION ORBAN Model 6200 The thresholds of the bands in the five-band compressor have been designed to produce a sane frequency balance with material commonly broadcast, including both speech and music. Broadcast compressors must work well with any material thrown at them, without adjustment.
Page 119 OPTIMOD MAINTENANCE Section 4 Maintenance Routine Maintenance ............... 4-2 Getting Inside the Chassis ............4-2 Field Audit of Performance ............4-8...
Page 120: Routine Maintenance
MAINTENANCE Orban Model 6200 Routine Maintenance The 6200 OPTIMOD-DAB Audio Processor uses highly stable analog and digital cir- cuitry throughout. Recommended routine maintenance is minimal. 1. Periodically check audio level and gain reduction meter readings. Become familiar with normal audio level meter readings, and with the normal performance of the G/R metering.
Page 121 OPTIMOD MAINTENANCE Disconnect the 6200 and remove it from the rack. Be sure power is disconnected before removing the cover. Warning: Hazardous voltage is exposed with the unit open and the power Set the unit upright on a padded surface with the front panel facing you. Remove all eighteen screws holding the top cover in place, and lift the top cover off.
Page 122 MAINTENANCE Orban Model 6200 Do not remove the tape from the white ribbon cables. 3. Removing the Display Assembly. (Model 6200S) [Refer to step 2 to remove 6200 OPTIMOD-DAB Display board.] Detach the four ribbon cables that connect the display board assembly to the main board and power supply board.
Page 123 OPTIMOD MAINTENANCE Remove the two ribbon cables that connect the power supply to the main board at jumpers J900 and J901. (If present, you must first remove the black retainer clips.) Remove the ten #1 Phillips screws (and their washers) that connect the main board to the chassis.
Page 124 MAINTENANCE Orban Model 6200 If the main board is installed, reattach the two ribbon cables that connect the main board to the power supply (J900 and J901). 7. Replacing the Main Board. Set the main board into the main chassis, so that it aligns with its mounting holes.
Page 125 OPTIMOD MAINTENANCE 9. Replacing the Display Board. (Model 6200S) [Refer to step 8 to replace 6200 OPTIMOD-DAB Display board.] Reattach the display boards to the front panel assembly. Line up the front display board to the front panel, making sure each pad button feeds through its respective hole properly.
Page 126: Field Audit Of Performance
MAINTENANCE Orban Model 6200 Field Audit of Performance Required Equipment: • Ultra-low distortion sine-wave oscillator/THD analyzer/audio voltmeter (With verified residual distortion below 0.01%. Sound Technology 1710B; Audio Precision System One, or similar high-performance system.) (The NAB Broadcast and Audio System Test CD is an excellent source of test signals when used with a high-quality CD player.)
Page 127 OPTIMOD MAINTENANCE See the assembly drawings in Section 6 for component locations. Be sure to turn the power off before removing or installing circuit boards. Follow these instructions in order without skipping steps. Note: All levels are the same regardless of whether the output is balanced or unbalanced. To unbalance an output, connect either pin 2 or pin 3 of the XLR to pin 1 (ground).
Page 128 4-10 MAINTENANCE Orban Model 6200 WORD LEN 20bits DITHER STAT BITS aes/ebu TEST MODE operate BYPASS GAIN 0 dB TONE FREQ 400Hz TONE LVL 100% TONE CHAN Additional Setup Settings MAX LPF 20.0 kHz ST CHASSIS MONO/ST stereo Set the...
Page 129 4-11 OPTIMOD MAINTENANCE The ripple and noise should not exceed 50mVp-p. 4. Test Analog ±5 volt supply (Power Supply Board). Measure the analog +5 volt supply with the DVM. Verify the presence of +5 volts (±0.25V). The analog +5 volt supply appears between TP2 and ground test point TP3 on the Power Supply Board.
Page 130 4-12 MAINTENANCE Orban Model 6200 AI CLIP Setting Left Monitor Output Level +20dBu ~−7.4dBu +27dBu ~−14.3dBu +10dBu ~+2.6dBu +5dBu ~+7.6dBu Readings can vary as much as ±1.5dB. Verify the output increments smoothly through its range. If this is not the case (i.e., the output level jumps erratically to some large or small level), the gain stages of the SSM2017 IC are not functioning correctly.
Page 131 4-13 OPTIMOD MAINTENANCE Connect a THD analyzer to the Left Input XLR connector. Set the THD analyzer's bandwidth to 22kHz. Connect the oscillator to the Left Input XLR connector. Inject the Left Input with a level of +20dBu at 1kHz. Measure and verify THD+N is below 0.01% from 30Hz to 20kHz (0.005% typi- cal).
Page 132 4-14 MAINTENANCE Orban Model 6200 9. Test Digital Receiver Sample Rate Lock. Verify 6200 software controls are set to their default settings. (Refer to page 4-9.) Press button to re-access Setup menu. Setup Press soft key to access I/O CALIB menu.
Page 133 4-15 OPTIMOD MAINTENANCE Press DIG IN CALIB soft key. to digital: Press soft key, use the control knob to select digital, INPUT INPUT then release the INPUT soft key. Press button to re-access Setup menu. Setup Press soft key to access Test menu. TEST Recall bypass preset: Press MODE...
Page 134 4-16 MAINTENANCE Orban Model 6200 Inject the Digital Input XLR connector with a level of −1dBFS at 1kHz, 48kHz sample rate, word length of at least 18 bits (noise floor values will be limited by smaller word lengths). Measure and verify THD+N is below 0.01% from 20Hz to 20kHz (0.001% is typi- cal for both audio channels).
Page 135 OPTIMOD TROUBLESHOOTING Section 5 Troubleshooting Problems and Possible ............... 5-2 Troubleshooting IC Opamps............. 5-5 Technical Support ..............5-6 Factory Service................5-6 Shipping Instructions ..............5-7...
Page 136: Problems And Possible Causes
TROUBLESHOOTING Orban Model 6200 Problems and Possible Causes Always verify that the problem is not the source material being fed to the 6200, or in other parts of the system. RFI, Hum, Clicks, Or Buzzes A grounding problem is likely. Review the information on grounding on page 2-10. The 6200 has been designed with very substantial RFI suppression on its analog and digital input and output ports, and on the AC line input.
Page 137: Audible Noise On-Air
STL may only be 70-75dB. In this case, it is wise to use the Orban 8200ST Studio Chassis to perform the AGC function prior to the STL transmitter and to control the STL's peak modulation. This will optimize the signal-to-noise ratio of the entire transmission system.
Page 138: System Receiving 6200'S Output Will Not Lock
TROUBLESHOOTING Orban Model 6200 System Receiving 6200’s Output Will Not Lock Be sure that the 6200’s output sample rate is set to match the sample rate that the driven system expects. Be sure that the 6200’s output (Status Bits) control is set to...
Page 139: Inconsistent Levels (Dtv Applications)
OPTIMOD TROUBLESHOOTING The five-band structure does not have a Loudness Controller because its “automatic re- equalization” function makes spectral balances (and, therefore, loudness) more consis- tent without the need for a special loudness controller function. Inconsistent Levels (DTV Applications) The release time setting in the two-band or five-band compressor determines the speed at which the 6200 corrects program material with excessively low levels.
Page 140: Technical Support
Returned units will be returned C.O.D. if the unit is not under warranty. Orban will pay return shipping if the unit is still under warranty. In all cases, transportation charges to the factory...
Page 141: Shipping Instructions
OPTIMOD TROUBLESHOOTING Shipping Instructions Use the original packing material if it is available. If it is not, use a sturdy, double-walled carton. For Model 6200 OPTIMOD DAB, it should be no smaller than 4″ (H) x 15.5″ (D) x 22″ (W)  10 cm (H) x 40 cm (D) x 56 cm (W), with a minimum bursting test rating of 200 pounds (91 kg).
Page 142 TROUBLESHOOTING Orban Model 6200 This Page Intentionally Left Blank!
Page 143 OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA Section 6 Technical Data Specifications ................6-2 Circuit Description ..............6-6 Parts List..................6-20 Vendor Codes................6-29 Schematics, Assembly Drawings..........6-30 Abbreviations................6-50...
Page 144: Specifications
TECHNICAL DATA Orban Model 6200 Specifications It is impossible to characterize the listening quality of even the simplest limiter or com- pressor on the basis of the usual specifications, because such specifications cannot ade- quately describe the crucial dynamic processes that occur under program conditions.
Page 145 OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA Maximum Input Level: +27 dBu, peak. Connector: Two XLR-type, female, EMI-suppressed. Pin 1 chassis ground, Pins 2 (+) and 3 electronically balanced, floating and symmetrical. AD Conversion: 24-bit 128X oversampled delta sigma A/D converter with linear phase anti-aliasing filter.
Page 146 TECHNICAL DATA Orban Model 6200 Digital Audio Output Configuration: Two-channel AES/EBU-standard. (AES3-1992). Output Level Control: Peak level is adjustable from 0 to −20dBFS in 0.1dB steps. Con- trolled by software. (See System Settings). Sample rate: Internal free running at 32 kHz ±10 PPM, 44.1 kHz ±100 PPM, or 48 kHz ±10 PPM, selected in software.
Page 147 Weight: 6200 OPTIMOD-DAB, 14 lbs/6.4kg; 6200S, 13 lbs/6kg. Shipping Weight: 6200 OPTIMOD-DAB, 19 lbs/8.7kg; 6200S, 18 lbs/8.2kg. Warranty One Year, Parts and Labor: Subject to the limitations set forth in Orban's Standard War- ranty Agreement. Specifications are subject to change without notice.
Page 148: Circuit Description
TECHNICAL DATA Orban Model 6200 Circuit Description This section provides a detailed description of circuits used in the 6200. It starts with an overview of the 6200 system, identifying circuit sections and describing their purpose. Then each section is treated in detail by first giving an overview of the circuits followed by a component-by-component description.
Page 149 OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA used to synthesize an 18.432MHz clock for operating the host microprocessor at an in- ternal 9.216MHz rate, which the serial ports utilize to support RS-232 communications. Component-Level Description: The 12.288MHz digital output from crystal oscillator Y602 is buffered by IC606- C, which feeds digital multiplexer chip IC609.
Page 150: Microprocessor And Power Monitoring Circuit
TECHNICAL DATA Orban Model 6200 zation occurs every time the unit is powered up and when there is a processing al- gorithm change. It is controlled by the Z-180 via pin 2 of latch IC611. The 48kHz clock is also used, along with IC313, in the A/D clock synchronizing circuit. This circuit makes the IRQB and the L/R clocks, both operating at 48kHz, phase syn- chronous.
Page 151: Ram, Rom And Eeprom
OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA port. The Z-180 uses this port to communicate with the DSP IC700-IC707 via host port interface pins 26, 35, and 41; and with EEPROM IC107 via pins 2, 5, and 6. Communication is SPI type with Z-180 as master and DSP as slave. RAM, ROM and EEPROM A RAM chip provides temporary storage for Z-180 data and program code segments.
Page 152: Switch Matrix And Led Indicators
6-10 TECHNICAL DATA Orban Model 6200 1. Remote Interface (Model 6200 OPTIMOD-DAB only) and RS-232 Interfaces A remote interface connector and circuitry enables remote control of certain operating modes; Model 6200 OPTIMOD-DAB has eight remote contact closure inputs. A valid remote signal is a momentary pulse of current flowing through the particular remote signal pins.
Page 153: Input Circuits
6-11 OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA The meter LEDs are arranged in an 8x16 matrix, in rows and columns. Each row of LEDs in the matrix has a 1/8 duty cycle ON time. The rows are multiplexed at a fast rate so that the meters appear continuously illuminated. Via the serial port, the DSP sends meter data values to the Z-180, which sends the appropriate LED control words (8 bits at a time) to the data latches that drive the LEDs directly.
Page 154: Stereo Analog-To-Digital (A/D) Converter
6-12 TECHNICAL DATA Orban Model 6200 IC307. IC300 feeds IC304 and associated components. This stage balances, DC- biases, and scales the signal to the proper level for the analog-to-digital (A/D) converter. IC301-B and associated components comprise a servo amp to correctly DC-bias the signal feeding the A/D converter.
Page 155: Digital Sync Input Receiver
6-13 OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA AES receiver chip IC600 communicates with the Z-180 via control registers and data memory accessed through the parallel port made up of the 4-bit address bus (pins 15-18), the 8-bit data bus (pins 1-6, 27-28) and the control pins (pins 23 and 24).
Page 156: Output Circuits
6-14 TECHNICAL DATA Orban Model 6200 Component-Level Description: The differential digital input signal is received through a shielded 1:1 pulse trans- former (T602). T602 has very low inter-winding capacitance, providing a high level of isolation for high frequency common mode interference. IC610 is a dedi- cated AES/EBU digital audio receiver integrated circuit.
Page 157: Analog Output Stages
6-15 OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA fied audio data with MSB aligned with the leading edge of LRCK. Data is latched on the falling edge of SCLK. The processed digital output (ANLG_OUT) is pro- vided by DSP IC707 on its SAI output port SDO2 (pin 45), and is received by the D/A on pin 10.
Page 158: Digital Sample Rate Converter (Src) And Output Transmitter
6-16 TECHNICAL DATA Orban Model 6200 The balanced audio output signal is applied to the RF filter network made up of L412, L413, L402, and L403, and then to XLR connector J400. The corresponding right channel circuitry is functionally identical to that just de- scribed.
Page 159: Dsp Circuits
6-17 OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA AES/EBU transmitter when an output sample rate is required that is synchronous to the input or sync input sample rate (external sync). The inter-chip serial data format, the input MCK multiplication factor, and the user and output channel status data are controlled by the Z-180 via internal con- trol registers and data memory accessed through the parallel port made up of the 5-bit address bus (pins 9-13), the 8-bit data bus (pins 1-4, 21-24), and the control pins (pins 14 and 16) of IC603.
Page 160: Power Supply
TECHNICAL DATA Orban Model 6200 should be removed only by the Orban service department. A chip can be ruined by static discharge or by damage to its delicate pins. The EXTAL pin of each DSP chip receives a 6.144MHz clock. All DSP chips use their internal PLL to multiply this by 12 to operate the chip's internal oscillator (Fosc) at 73.728MHz.
Page 161 6-19 OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA ±5VDC for the analog circuits and +5VDC for the digital circuits. An unregulated volt- age powers the LED backlight on the LCD display. Component-Level Description: L1 is a power line filter that filters out RFI. F1 is a 1/2-amp “Slo-Blo” fuse. T1 is a dual-primary dual-secondary power transformer used to step down the input voltage for the ±15VDC analog and +5VDC digital supply regulators.
Page 162: Parts List
Manufactured by R-Ohm (CRB-1/4FX), TRW/IRC, Dale, Corning, and Mat- sushita. Carbon film resistors have conformally-coated bodies, and are identified by four color bands. They are rated at 1/4 watt @ 70°, ±5%. Orban part numbers 20001-xxx, Manufactured by R-Ohm (R-25), Dale, Phillips, Spectrol, and Matsushita.
Page 163: Obtaining Spare Parts
Consult the factory if the listing of a part includes the note “selected” or “realign- ment required.” Orban normally maintains an inventory of tested, exact replacement parts that can be supplied quickly at nominal cost. Standardized spare parts kits are also available. When...
Page 164 6-22 TECHNICAL DATA Orban Model 6200 Description Orban P/N Vendor P/N Alternate Notes Vendors MAIN BOARD Capacitors C11-43 Ceramic, 50V, 20%; 1uF 21131-410 GRM42-6Z5U104M50BD C45-51 Ceramic, 50V, 20%; 1uF 21131-410 GRM42-6Z5U104M50BD Ceramic, 50V, 20%; 1uF 21131-410 GRM42-6Z5U104M50BD Ceramic, Axial, 100V, 5%; 1000pF...
Page 165 6-23 OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA C806 CAP,M/P,50V,5%,.018uF 21445.318.01 Description Orban P/N Vendor P/N Alternate Notes Vendors Capacitors (continued) C807 Ceramic, 50V, 20%; 1uF 21131-410 GRM42-6Z5U104M50BD C808 CAP,M/P,50V,5%,.018uF 21445.318.01 C809 Ceramic, 50V, 20%; 1uF 21131-410 GRM42-6Z5U104M50BD C810 CAP,M/P,50V,5%,.018uF 21445.318.01 C811 Ceramic, 50V, 20%; 1uF...
Page 166 6-24 TECHNICAL DATA Orban Model 6200 IC612 Digital, Flip-Flop 24858-000 SN74HC74D IC613 44032-100 Description Orban P/N Vendor P/N Alternate Notes Vendors Integrated Circuits (continued) IC614 Digital, AND Gate 24850-000 MC74HC08AD IC618 44031-100 IC619 Digital, PLL 24901-000 74HC4046AD IC700-7 Digital, DSP...
Page 167 6-25 OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA R601 RES,10K,1/8W,1%,TF,SMD1206 20124.100.01 R602 RES,15K,1/8W,1%,TF,SMD1206 20124.150.01 R603 RES,432Ω,1/8W,1%,TF,SMD1206 20122.432.01 Description Orban P/N Vendor P/N Alternate Notes Vendors Resistors (continued) R605 RES,13.3K,1/8W,1%,TF,SMD1206 20124.133.01 R606 RES,3.01K,1/8W,1%,TF,SMD1206 20123.301.01 R607 RES,3.16K,1/8W,1%,TF,SMD1206 20123.316.01 R608 RES,2.15K,1/8W,1%,TF,SMD1206 20123.215.01 R611 RES,10Ω,1/8W,1%,TF,SMD1206 20121.100.01 R614 RES,75.0K,1/8W,1%,TF,SMD1206 20124.750.01...
Page 168 6-26 TECHNICAL DATA Orban Model 6200 Description Orban P/N Vendor P/N Alternate Notes Vendors POWER SUPPLY Capacitors C1-2 Alum, Radial, 35V; 1000uF 21256-000 ECEA1VGE102 C3-4 Ceramic, Axial, 50V, 20%; 0.1uF 21129-410 C410C104M5UCA C5-6 Alum., Radial, 25V, 10%; 100uF 21263-710 UKLIE101KPAANA C7-10 Ceramic, Axial, 50V, 20%;...
Page 169 6-27 OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA Description Orban P/N Vendor P/N Alternate Notes Vendors FINAL ASSEMBLY Miscellaneous ASSY,CABLE,ROTARY,SIGNAL,6200 43026.006 LCD,GRB,BCKLGHT,GRY FLUID 25404.001.01 DEN HC4402FGSNG0161 PCA NRSC MON.ROLL.FILTR; 9100B 31020.000 RECEPTACLE,2.8MMX0.5MM TAB 27746.001.01 SW,ROTARY ENCODER,VERT MNT,2-BIT,NON-DE1 26085.000.01 NOB SDB161PVB20F 1 2 36 Switch, Slide; DPDT (Gold)
Page 170 6-28 TECHNICAL DATA Orban Model 6200...
Page 172: Schematics, Assembly Drawings
OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA Schematics, Assembly Drawings The following drawings are included in this manual: Page Function Circuit Board Drawing 6-32 Block Diagram Assembly Drawing 6-33 Audio Processing Main Assembly Drawing 6-34 CPU/Remote/RS232 Schematic 1 of 7 6-35 Analog Input 2 of 7 6-36 Analog Output 3 of 7...
Page 173 OPTIMOD This Page Intentionally Left Blank!
Page 192: Abbreviations
OPTIMOD TECHNICAL DATA Abbreviations Some of the abbreviations used in this manual may not be familiar to all readers: A/D (or A to D) analog-to-digital converter Audio Engineering Society automatic gain control analog input analog output “advanced technology”  IBM PC with 80286 or higher processor balance British Broadcasting Corporation a type of RF connector...
Page 193 OPTIMOD intermodulation (or “intermodulation distortion”) input/output JFET junction field effect transistor inductor/capacitor liquid crystal display light-emitting diode low-frequency low-pass level midrange/high-frequency midrange/low-frequency modulation N&D noise and distortion no connection OSHOOT overshoot IBM-compatible personal computer pulse code modulation peak program meter random-access memory resistor/capacitor reference...
Page 195 6-53 OPTIMOD-DAB TECHNICAL DATA...

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