Page 1 Operating Manual OPTIMOD-FM 8600Si Digital Audio Processor Version 2.5 Software...
Page 2 European Parliament, this product must not be discarded into the municipal waste stream in any of the Member States. This product may be sent back to your Orban dealer at end of life where it will be reused or recycled at no cost to you.
Page 3 IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS All the safety and operating instructions should be read before the appliance is operated. Retain Instructions: The safety and operation instructions should be retained for future reference. Heed Warnings: All warnings on the appliance and in the operating instructions should be adhered to. Follow Instructions: All operation and user instructions should be followed.
Page 4 Safety Instructions (German) Gerät nur an der am Leistungsschild vermerkten Spannung und Stromart betreiben. Sicherungen nur durch solche, gleicher Stromstärke und gleichen Abschaltverhaltens ersetzen. Sicherungen nie überbrücken. Jedwede Beschädigung des Netzkabels vermeiden. Netzkabel nicht knicken oder quetschen. Beim Abziehen des Netzkabels den Stecker und nicht das Kabel enfassen.
Page 5 (2) Check the other sections of the Manual (consult the Table of Contents and Index) to see if there might be some sug- gestions regarding your problem. (3) After reading the section on Factory Assistance, you may call Orban Customer Service for advice during normal Ari- zona business hours. The number is +1 856.719.9900.
Page 6 Orban and Optimod are registered trademarks. All trademarks are property of their respective companies. This manual was published September 2018. © Copyright Orban Orban Labs Inc., 7209 Browning Road, Pennsauken NJ 08110 USA Phone: +1 856.719.9900; E-Mail: custserv@orban.com; Site: www.orban.com...
Page 7 Operating Manual OPTIMOD-FM 8600Si Digital Audio Processor Version 2.5 Software...
Page 8: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Index........................0-10 Section Introduction ............................1-1 .......................1-1 BOUT THIS ANUAL OPTIMOD-FM 8600S .............1-1 IGITAL UDIO ROCESSOR User-Friendly Interface....................1-2 Absolute Control of Peak Modulation..............1-3 Flexible Configuration ....................1-4 Adaptability through Multiple Audio Processing Structures .......1-6 ...
Page 9 Circuit Ground .......................2-12 ) ............2-12 TUDIO EVEL ONTROLLER NSTALLATION OPTIONAL If you are using Orban 8200ST external AGC ............2-12 Figure 2-4: 8200ST Jumper Settings (*Factory Configuration) ........2-13 .........................2-15 UICK ETUP I/O S ..................2-26...
Page 10 Check Hardware Requirements................2-60 Running the Orban Installer Program ..............2-61 Setting Up Ethernet, LAN, and VPN Connections ..........2-62 Conclusion......................2-62 .............2-63 PPENDIX ETTING ERIAL OMMUNICATIONS Preparing for Communication through Null Modem Cable ......2-63 Connecting Using Windows 2000 Direct Serial Connection:......2-63 ...
Page 11 Digital Radio Processing..................3-14 BS.1770 Compliance for Digital Radio ..............3-15 Input/Output Delay ....................3-15 8600S ’ .................3-16 USTOMIZING THE OUND Basic Modify......................3-16 Advanced Modify ....................3-17 Gain Reduction Metering ..................3-17 To Create or Save a User Preset ................3-18 ...
Page 12 ITU-R M ................3-80 ULTIPLEX OWER ONTROLLER MPX Power Meter ......................3-81 Multiplex Power Threshold.................... 3-81 Figure 3-4: Multiplex power over 15 minute observation interval with Multiplex power controller active, measured at the Optimod’s composite output ....... 3-82 ...
Page 13 RFI, Hum, Clicks, or Buzzes ....................5-1 Unexpectedly Quiet On-Air Levels ................... 5-1 Poor Peak Modulation Control ..................5-1 Unexpected Delay Between the Program Feed and the On-Air Signal ......5-2 Audible Distortion On-Air ....................5-2 ...
Page 14 .......................6-6 IRCUIT ESCRIPTION Overview ........................6-6 Control Circuits ......................6-7 User Control Interface and LCD Display Circuits ...........6-7 Input Circuits......................6-9 Output Circuits.......................6-11 DSP Circuit......................6-13 Power Supply ......................6-13 ......................6-14 BBREVIATIONS ........................6-16 ARTS Obtaining Spare Parts ...................6-16 ...
Page 15 Function Description Drawing Page Chassis Circuit Board Locator and Basic In- Top view 6-27 terconnections (not to scale) Control board Control microprocessor. Services Parts Locator 6-28 front panel, serial port, Ethernet, Drawing and DSP+I/O board. Contains: General Purpose bus, address de- Schematic 1 of 5 6-29 coder, I/O+DSP interface...
Page 16: Index
Index Analog delay remote control 2- · 46 1 analog fallback 2- · 29 analog I/O 1- · 10 19 K Ref control 2- · 10 analog input circuit description 6- · 9 2 ref level, I/O setup 2- · 27 analog input 2- ·...
Page 17 Multiband 3- · 65 soft buttons 3- · 1 Bandwidth buzz 5- · 1 bypass Setting HD 3- · 74 base board local 1- · 27 removing 4- · 3 PC remote 1- · 28 replacing 4- · 4 remote interface 1- · 28 baseband spectrum 5- ·...
Page 18 limiter 3- · 12 Speech Detect 3- · 10 composite baseband microwave STL 1- · corrosion 4- · 1 Coupling Control 3- · 64 composite isolation transformer 1- · 15 Crossfade 3- · 75 Composite Limit Drive 3- · 42 Crossover composite limiter 2-Band 3- ·...
Page 19 Dither control Factory presets HD 3- · 76 Table of 3- · 21 diversity delay factory presets 1- · 7 factory service 5- · 15 om/off from API 2- · 53, 55 Diversity delay Filter control via GPI 2- · 46 Pilot Protection 3- ·...
Page 20 chassis 2- · 12 High Frequency Limiter 3- · 68 ground loop high-pass filter eliminating in composite 1- · 15 30 Hz 3- · 34 grounding hum 5- · 1 circuit 2- · 12 loss of 4- · 1 I power 2- ·...
Page 21 J look-ahead limiter 3- · 14, 71 Look-ahead limiting Defined 3- · 4 J.17 lossy data reduction and 5500 digital I/O 1- · 9 in studio 1- · 20 and NICAM 1- · 17 NICAM 1- · 17 deemphasis applied to digital audio input 6- used in STLs ·...
Page 22 via GPI 2- · 46 NICAM 1- · 17 modem noise setting up 2- · 48 troubleshooting 5- · 3 specification for 2- · 61 null modem cable Modem communicating through 2- · 63 Preparing for connection 2- · 83 null modem cable 2- ·...
Page 23 2- · 41 reattaching 4 · 4 recovering from lost 2- · 44 pre-emphasis defeating 2- · 18, 19 Orban installer program 2- · 61 quick setup 2- · 16 PC board locator diagram 6- · 27 Preset PC control 8400 compatibility 3- ·...
Page 24 direct control using 2- · 50 RS232 PuTTY 6- · 51 testing 4- · 14 RS-232 connector 2- · 4 RS-232 interface Q circuit description 6- · 8 quick setup 2- · 15 S R sample rate internal, specification 6- · 1 rack-mounting unit 2- ·...
Page 25 excessive HD 5- · 7 In/Out 3- · 35 excessive in HD channel 3- · 79 Ratio Limit 3- · 35 signal flow diagram 6- · 53 Style 3- · 35 Stereo/Mono Signal flow in 8600 3- · 7 HD output 3- · 74 Silence sense Tally output 2- ·...
Page 26 daylight saving 2- · 16 V summer 2- · 16 time & date 2- · 16 Vestigial sideband 3- · 11 timeout VPN, setting up 2- · 62, 90 RDS connection 2- · 104 terminal connection 2- · 56 W timeserver 2- ·...
Page 27: Section 1 Introduction
Because OPTIMOD-FM incorporates several audio processing innovations exclusive to Orban products, you should not assume that it can be operated in the same way as less sophisticated processors. If you do, you may get disappointing results.
Page 28: User-Friendly Interface
The 8600SFM, which does not include digital radio processing, can be upgraded to an 8600Si in the field via the 8600SiUPG upgrade kit, which can be purchased from your Orban dealer. It is unnecessary to remove the 8600SFM from the rack when per- forming the upgrade.
Page 29: Absolute Control Of Peak Modulation
OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION Absolute Control of Peak Modulation • The 8600Si provides universal transmitter protection and audio processing for FM broadcast. It can be configured to interface ideally with any commonly found transmission system in the world, analog or digital. •...
Page 30: Flexible Configuration
• OPTIMOD-FM 8600Si is supplied with analog and AES3 digital inputs and outputs. The digital input and the two digital outputs are equipped with sam- ple-rate converters and can operate at 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 88.1 kHz, and 96 kHz sample rates.
Page 31 • All input, output, and power connections are rigorously RFI-suppressed to Orban’s traditional exacting standards, ensuring trouble-free installation. • The 8600Si is designed and certified to meet all applicable international safety and emissions standards.
Page 32: Adaptability Through Multiple Audio Processing Structures
A special Two-Band preset cre- ates a no-compromise “Protect” function that is functionally similar to the “Pro- tect” structures in earlier Orban digital processors. The 8600Si’s two “MX” structures (five-band and two-band) are similar to their 8500 counterparts except that they use the 8600Si’s new peak limiting...
Page 33: Presets In Optimod-Fm
• OPTIMOD-FM's software can be upgraded by running Orban-supplied down- loadable upgrade software on a PC. The upgrade can occur remotely through the 8600Si’s Ethernet port or serial port (connected to an external modem), or locally (by connecting a Windows®...
Page 34: User Presets
INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si To select “audio processor mode” or “stand-alone stereo encoder mode,” recall a Factory or User Preset that uses this mode. Starting with V1.1 software, the 8600Si will automatically cross-fade between modes. Note that an audio mute will still oc- cur when switching to and from a “UL”...
Page 35: Digital Aes3 Left/Right Input/Output
OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION • Two digital AES3 left/right outputs. • Analog left/right inputs. • Analog left/right outputs, which can be switched independently to carry the fol- lowing signals: FM analog processed without diversity delay, FM analog proc- essed with diversity delay, digital radio processed, or low delay monitor. •...
Page 36: Analog Left/Right Input/Output
1-10 INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Analog Left/Right Input/Output The left and right analog inputs are on XLR-type female connectors on the rear pan- el. Input impedance is greater than 10kΩ; balanced and floating. Inputs can accom- modate up to +27 dBu (0 dBu = 0.775Vrms).
Page 37: Remote Control Interface
1-11 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION fine the amount of reduction in percent using the procedure in step 2 on page 2-23. See page 2-45 for information on programming the remote control. A jumper (J6) on the circuit board can reconfigure the SCA 2 input to provide the stereo pilot tone only, which can provide a pilot reference for an RDS subcarrier generator.
Page 38: Computer Interface
1-12 INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si • AES Input Error: Indicates that the 8600Si’s AES input receiver chip has detected a problem with the data being received such that the data is unusable. When the chip detects such an error, it automatically switches the input to Analog.
Page 39: Location Of Optimod-Fm
1-13 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION erence frequency. For example, if the reference frequency is 96 kHz and the output frequency is set to 32 kHz, the actual output frequency will be 1/3 x the reference frequency. If the reference frequency is 48 kHz and the output frequency is set to 44.1 kHz, the actual output frequency will be 147/160 x the reference frequency.
Page 40: Best Location For Optimod-Fm
1-14 INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Low-pass filters (including anti-aliasing filters in digital links), high-pass filters, trans- formers, distribution amplifiers, and long transmission lines can all cause the above criteria to be violated, and must be tested and qualified. It is clear that the above criteria for optimal control of peak modulation levels are most easily met when the audio processor directly feeds the stereo encoder.
Page 41: If The Transmitter Is Accessible
You will achieve a louder sound on the air, with better control of peak modulation, than if you use most external stereo encoders. An exception is Orban’s 5518 stereo encoder, which does not add overshoot and contains its own overshoot limiter and composite limiter equivalent to the one in the 8600Si when operated in its stand-alone stereo encoder mode.
Page 42: Transmission From Studio To Transmitter
ORBAN MODEL 8600Si caused by the composite connection between OPTIMOD-FM and the exciter. For connection instructions, please refer to the Orban CIT25 Composite Isolation Trans- former schematic diagram, which is shown on page 12 of the CIT25 manual. This is available from: ftp.orban.com/CIT25/CIT25 Instructions.pdf...
Page 43 75μs preemphasis must then be applied to the codec’s output signal. This usually oc- curs in the FM transmitter’s stereo encoder or in a stand-alone stereo encoder like an Orban 5518. Some links may use straightforward PCM (pulse-code modulation) without lossy da- ta reduction.
Page 44: Composite Baseband Microwave Stls
(if any). The 8600Si can only be located at the transmitter if the signal-to- noise ratio of the STL is good enough to pass unprocessed audio. The signal-to-noise ratio of the STL can be used optimally if an Orban Optimod-PC 1101/1101e, Optimod 6300, 8200ST Compressor/Limiter/HF Limiter/Clipper or a 4000 Transmission Limiter protects the link from overload.
Page 45: Analog Landline (Ptt/Post Office Line)
Some consultants presently offer modifications to minimize or eliminate this prob- lem. If your exciter or STL has this problem, you may contact Orban Customer Service for the latest information on such services. Analog Landline (PTT/Post Office Line) Analog landline quality is extremely variable, ranging from excellent to poor.
Page 46: Using Lossy Data Reduction In The Studio
1-20 INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si 8600Si’s audio output as necessary. This way, you can still use the 8600Si’s line-up tone to adjust the steady-state deviation to ±75 kHz. Yet, the reduced peak level of the audio emitted from the 8600Si ensures that the carrier deviates no further than ±75 kHz after overshoot.
Page 47: Studio Line-Up Levels And Headroom
1-21 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION tor shows the true peak level. It has an instantaneous attack time, and a release time slow enough to allow the engineer to read the peak level easily. Fig. 1-1 shows the relative difference between the absolute peak level, and the indications of a VU meter and a PPM for a few seconds of music program.
Page 48: Transmission Levels
1-22 INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Transmission Levels The transmission engineer is primarily concerned with the peak level of a program to prevent overloading or over-modulation of the transmission system. This peak overload level is defined differently, system to system. In FM modulation (FM/VHF radio and television broadcast, microwave or analog sat- ellite links), it is the maximum-permitted RF carrier frequency deviation.
Page 49: Bs.1770-3 Loudness Level
1-23 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION into the composite signal in the analog domain, after it is metered. Therefore, you must mentally add the subcarriers to the meter indication, or refer to an external, calibrated modulation monitor. BS.1770-3 Loudness Level The subjective loudness meters, labeled L in the 8600Si PC Remote GUI, dis- OUDNESS play the loudness at the output of the digital radio processing chain and analog FM...
Page 50: Built-In Calibrated Line-Up Tones
1-24 INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si produce an FM carrier deviation of ±10 kHz without pilot tone. This corresponds to 13.33% modulation without pilot tone. This calibration includes 50µs transmission preemphasis. The loudness meter is calibrated so that “0” corresponds to the setting of the BS.1770...
Page 51: Monitoring On Loudspeakers And Headphones
1-25 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION Monitoring on Loudspeakers and Headphones In live operations, highly processed audio often causes a problem with the DJ or presenter’s headphones. When an “MX” preset is active, the delay through the 8600Si can be as much as 270 milliseconds. This delay will be audible as a distinct echo that almost no one can tolerate in his or her headphones while speaking.
Page 52 Ultra-low latency processing uses a separate, parallel processing structure and is invoked by recalling any “UL” preset. This structure operates simultaneously with other code, so, unlike the similar structure in Orban’s Optimod 8300, it does not require a code re-load and does not cause a gap in programming.
Page 53: Low-Delay Monitoring
1-27 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INTRODUCTION Low-Delay Monitoring The 8600Si’s analog outputs can be switched to provide a low-delay monitoring feed (see step (B) on page 2-31). This feed has no peak limiting and thus cannot drive a transmitter, but its 3 to 8 ms delay is likely to be more comfortable to talent than the 18 ms delay of the full processing chain because of less bone conduction comb filtering.
Page 54: Pc Control And Security Passcode
1-28 INTRODUCTION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si 3. Place the 8600Si in Bypass mode by remote control. Then program any two Remote Interface inputs for “Bypass” and “Exit Test,” respectively. A) Connect two outputs from your station remote control system to the REMOTE INTERFACE connector on the rear panel of the 8600Si, according to the wiring diagram in Figure 2-2 on page 2-3.
Page 55: Warranty, User Feedback
However, the limitation of any right or remedy shall not be effective where such is prohibited or restricted by law. Simply take or ship your Orban products prepaid to our service department. Be sure to include a copy of your sales slip as proof of purchase date. We will not repair transit damage under the no-charge terms of this warranty.
Page 57: Section 2 Installation
C) Complete the Registration Card and return it to Orban. (please) The Registration Card enables us to inform you of new applications, per- formance improvements, software updates, and service aids that may be...
Page 58 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL TYPE 18/3 SVT COR, TYP (3 x .82 mm WIRE COLOR CONDUCTOR NORMAL LINE BROWN BLACK NEUTRAL BLUE WHITE EARTH GND GREEN-YELLOW GREEN PLUG FOR 115 VAC (USA) TYPE H05VV - F - 0.75 CONDUCTOR WIRE COLOR...
Page 59 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION TOPIC PAGE Audio Input and Audio Output Connections..........2-5 AES3 Digital Input and Outputs..............2-7 Composite Output and Subcarrier Inputs ..........2-8 Wordclock/10 MHz Sync Reference Input ..........2-10 AES3id Ratings Encoder Input..............2-11 Grounding ....................2-11 5. Connect remote control interface. (optional) For a full listing of 8600Si’s extensive remote control provisions, refer to Remote Control Interface Programming on page 2-45.
Page 60: 8600Si Rear Panel
Procedures and instructions for connecting to a PC are subject to development and change. We advise you to download the latest version of this manual in pdf format from ftp.orban.com/8600Si/Documentation. You can use Adobe’s .pdf reader application to open and read this file. If you do not have the .pdf reader, it is available for free download from www.adobe.com.
Page 61: Input And Output Connections
OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION mono-left, mono-right, mono-sum), selecting analog, digital or digital+J.17 input, overshoot compensation, SCA modulation compensation, and clock synchronization. (See Remote Control Interface Programming on page 2-45.) The 8600Si remote con- trol accepts a DB-25 connector. The Ethernet Port accepts a 10Mb/second or 100Mb/second Ethernet connection terminated with an RJ45 connector.
Page 62: Connectors
INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL Connectors • Input and output connectors are XLR-type connectors. In the XLR-type connectors, pin 1 is CHASSIS GROUND, while pin 2 and pin 3 are a balanced, floating pair. This wiring scheme is compatible with any studio-wiring standard: If pin 2 or 3 is considered LOW, the other pin is automatically HIGH.
Page 63: Aes3 Digital Input And Output
OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION • If an unbalanced output is required (to drive unbalanced inputs of other equip- ment), it should be taken between pin 2 and pin 3 of the XLR-type connector. Connect the L pin of the XLR-type connector (#3 or #2, depending on your organization’s standards) to circuit ground;...
Page 64: Connecting A Ratings Encoder
INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL The 8600Si is a “multirate” system whose internal sample rate is 64 kHz and multi- ples thereof (up to 512 kHz). The outputs processed for analog FM are band-limited to 16.5 kHz, with a stopband that begins at 18 kHz. Therefore, the output can be passed through a 44.1 kHz (or higher) uncompressed link without adding significant...
Page 65 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION given output to 75Ω, place the link on pins 1 and 2 of its associated jumper. (See the schematic on page 6-38 and the parts locator diagram on page 6-34.) Each output can drive up to 75Ω in parallel with 0.047μF before perform- ance deteriorates significantly (see Figure 2-3 on page 2-9).
Page 66: Wordclock/10 Mhz Sync Reference
2-10 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL ROUND If the isolation transformer is in use, the switch will almost GROUND. always be set to Even when its composite limiter is being used heavily, the 8600Si will al- ways protect the stereo pilot tone by at least 60 dB (±250Hz from 19 kHz) and will protect the region from 55 kHz to 100 kHz by at least 75 dB (re 100% modulation).
Page 67: Aes3Id Ratings Encoder Input
2-11 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION synchronize the output sample frequency to the frequency present at the sync. The connector is a female BNC with the shell grounded to chassis. To permit daisy-chaining sync signals, the input impedance is greater than 1 KΩ. If the 5500 is the last device driven by the sync coaxial cable, you should terminate it by using a BNC Tee connector and a 75Ω...
Page 68: Power Ground
[Skip this section if you are not using a studio level controller ahead of the 8600Si. Continue with “Quick Setup” on page 2-15.] • If you are using an Orban 6300 as a studio level controller, refer to its Operating Manual. If you are using Orban 8200ST external AGC...
Page 69 2-13 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION TOP OF MAIN BOARD Clipper Jumpers Output Pre-Emphasis Jumpers FLAT PRE-EMPHASIZED CLIPPER ON CLIPPER OFF LEFT RIGHT LEFT RIGHT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT Line-up Level Jumpers *PEAK LEFT RIGHT LEFT RIGHT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT Figure 2-4: 8200ST Jumper Settings (*Factory Configuration)
Page 70 2-14 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 1. Configure the 8200ST’s internal jumpers. A) Remove all screws holding the 8200ST’s cover in place; then lift it off. Refer to Figure 2-4 on page 2-13. B) Place jumper JA in the C position. LIPPER C) If you have defeated the STL transmitter’s pre-emphasis, place jumpers JE and...
Page 71: Quick Setup
2-15 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION GATE ....................12:00 RELEASE ....................12:00 VOICE ......................OFF AGC ......................ON COUPLE ....................ON C) Feed the 8200ST either with tone at your system reference level (0VU), or with typical program material at normal levels. D) Adjust the G EDUCTION control for the desired amount of gain reduction.
Page 72 2-16 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL If you leave Quick Setup before you complete all of the setup screens, re- invoking Quick Setup will return you to the screen you were on before you left Quick Setup. 3. Set the time. Note that if your 8600Si can be connected to the Internet via its Ethernet jack, you can configure the 8600Si’s internal clock to sync to an Internet...
Page 73 • If you are using an Orban 4000 Transmission Limiter, set field to (so that the AGC function in the 8600Si continues to work). The Orban 4000 is a transmission system overload protection device; it is normally operated be- low threshold. It is not designed to perform an AGC or gain-riding function, and it cannot substitute for the AGC function in the 8600Si.
Page 74 2-18 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL C) Play program material from your studio, peaking at normal program levels (typically 0VU if your console uses VU meters). D) [Skip this step if you are not using the analog input.] Hold down the A...
Page 75 2-19 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION and Digital Output #1 to drive the HD input of your transmission system. a) Press the Next button. b) Turn the knob to assign FM or FM+D ELAY as the source driving Digital Ouput #2. is used in HD Radio installations where the 8600Si supplies the FM+D ELAY diversity delay.
Page 76 2-20 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL Turn the knob to set the Digital O to 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2, UTPUT AMPLE or 96 kHz. 12. Set output levels. A) Prepare to set output levels. a) Press the Next button. b) You can use either program material or tone to set the output level (and thus, the on-air modulation).
Page 77 2-21 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION Turn the knob to set the maximum desired output level in units of dB below full-scale (dBFS). The “true peak” limiter at the end of the 8600Si’s HD processing chain is oversampled at 256 kHz and will prevent overshoots from exceeding 0.3 dB, even after sample rate conversion or D/A conversion.
Page 78 2-22 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 13. Choose a processing preset. [If you are setting up the 8600Si for use as a stand-alone stereo encoder, skip this step.] A) Turn the knob until your desired preset is visible in the lower line of the dis- play.
Page 79 2-23 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION up to eight characters long. It is used to identify your 8600Si to Orban’s PC Re- mote application, and appears on the Main Screen when the 8600Si is being con- trolled by the PC Remote application.
Page 80 2-24 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL tals 20%, you can set the total modulation to 110% (±82.5 kHz deviation). The 8600Si has the ability to reduce audio modulation to compensate for subcarriers. The advantage of using the modulation reduction function is that the pilot injec- tion stays constant when the audio modulation is reduced.
Page 81 2-25 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION There are two silence detectors, one for the analog input and one for the digital input. The silence sense parameters apply to both simultaneously. Both detectors are available to drive the 8600Si’s tally outputs but only the “digital input”...
Page 82: Analog And Digital I/O Setup
A) Navigate to Setup > Next > Next > E AGC and set E AGC to N . (It may be set to N already.) If you are using a external AGC like the Orban 6300, you should restore this setting to Y after the setup procedure is complete.
Page 83 If you are not using a studio level controller, feed a tone through your console at normal program levels (typically 0VU if your console uses VU meters). If you are using a studio level controller that performs an AGC function, such as an Orban 8200ST OPTIMOD-Studio, adjust it for normal opera- tion.
Page 84 2-28 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL c) Adjust the AI R (VU or PPM) control to make the 8600Si’s AGC meter indicate 10 dB gain reduction. d) Skip to step (G). F) Calibrate using Program. [Skip this step if you are using Tone to calibrate the 8600Si to your stan- dard studio level —...
Page 85 7. Defeat final clipper (optional). If you are using the 8600Si to drive a network with protection audio processors (like Orban’s Optimod-FM 5500) at each transmitter, you may wish to defeat the 8600Si’s final clipper to prevent double clipping, which will unnecessarily in- crease distortion on-air.
Page 86 2-30 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL If you have to reduce the setting of the composite level (C 1 LV or 2 LV) control to accommodate overshoots in the transmission path following the 8600Si (including the transmitter), you may have to in-...
Page 87 2-31 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION I) You can specify the amount by which the 8600Si automatically reduces main and stereo subchannel modulation to accommodate subcarriers within the modulation limits specified by the governing authority. See step 2 on page 2- 10. Set analog output and configuration level. A) Navigate to Setup >...
Page 88 2-32 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL log output is now the same as the maximum peak level under program conditions when the AO P control is set to P This peak level should agree with the setting of the AO 100% control. AO...
Page 89 2-33 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION B) Set the DO P -E control to P -E (for pre-emphasis), P +J17, J.17 or F C) Set the DO R to 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2, or 96 kHz. The 8600Si’s fundamental sample rate is always 32 kHz, ensuring that the output bandwidth is always strictly limited to 16 kHz and that the proc- essed signal can be passed through a 32 kHz uncompressed STL without addition of overshoot.
Page 90 2-34 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL imum of 3 dB of excess total noise power when compared to white PDF dither. Thus, it is a good compromise between white PDF dither and ex- treme noise shaping. If the source material has already been correctly dithered (as is true for virtually all commercially recorded material), you may set this control to .
Page 91 2-35 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION toring the presence of valid ratings encoding via the monitor supplied by the ratings provider. L) If you selected FM or FM+D ELAY in step (I) above, use a modulation monitor or modulation analyzer to adjust the DO 100% control to make the modulation monitor read 100% modulation (usually ±75 kHz deviation).
Page 92 2-36 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL of this control changes both the loudness and peak level of the signal appearing at the Digital Output driving your digital radio transmitter. However, when the BS.1770 Safety Limiter is turned ON, the Digital Out- put becomes the "Loudness Reference Output" and the Digital Output control sets only the peak level, not the loudness.
Page 93 2-37 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION The BS.1770 safety limiter and meter have been included to allow your Optimod to comply with government regulations in countries that enforce BS.1770-based loudness control (per EBU Recommendation R 128) in analog FM transmission. Unless your country requires this, leave the BS.1770 Safety Limiter off. The analog-chain BS.1770 safety limiter and meter are calibrated with reference to 100% modulation with 50µs preemphasis (±75 kHz deviation) per section 5.9 of EBU Tech 3344 (“Practical guidelines for distribution systems in accordance...
Page 94 EBU Tech 3344 is correct in this initial release and we welcome any feedback. Please email Bob Orban at the address shown at http://www.orban.com/contact/ if you discover an error in our calibration.
Page 95: Automation Using The 8600Si's Internal Clock
2-39 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION Automation Using the 8600Si’s Internal Clock 1. If you have not already done so, set the system clock. [As an alternative to setting the clock manually, you can set the clock automati- cally via PC Remote or the Internet. See Synchronizing Optimod to a Network Time Server starting on page 2-57.] A) Navigate to Setup >...
Page 96 2-40 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL B) Choose whether you wish to program an event that occurs only once or an event that follows a daily or weekly schedule. C) For events that occur only once: a) Use the Prev and Next buttons to move the cursor over the word “...
Page 97: Security And Passcode Programming
2-41 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION was invoked) • mod. reduction 1 • mod. reduction 2 • exit mod. reduction F) When you have programmed an event to your satisfaction, press the S VENT button. You will return to the automation menu. 4.
Page 98: To Create A Passcode
2-42 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL The security levels are: 1. All Access (i.e., administrator level) 2. All Access except Security 3. All Access except Modify and Security 4. Recall, Modify and Automation 5. Recall Presets and Program Automation 6. Recall Presets There is a default All-Access passcode: 1234.
Page 99: To Edit A Passcode
2-43 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION If you wish to discard the passcode you just entered, press the P but- ton to return to the Enter Passcode screen or E to return to the Secu- rity screen. E) Press the Next button to save your new passcode. To Edit a Passcode: A) Navigate to Setup >...
Page 100: To Unlock The Front Panel
2-44 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL B) Hold down the A soft button and turn the knob to set the desired UTOLOCK lockout time (if any). You can program the lockout delay time (in hours:minutes) from 15 min- utes to 8 hours, or O .
Page 101: Remote Control Interface Programming
2-45 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION The RESTORE DEFAULTS button (in the Restore Defaults screen) restores all System Setup and Input/Output parameters to their factory default settings. It also erases all passcodes. You should never need to use this button in an existing installation, although it is a convenient way to make the 8600Si “factory fresh”...
Page 102 2-46 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL reo Encoder Operation on page 3-11. • Mono From Left, Mono From Right, or Mono From Sum: switches the 8600’s stereo encoder off, using the Left, Right, or Sum (L+R) respectively, as the program source. • MOD Reduction 1, or MOD Reduction 2: reduces the program modula- tion by the percentage programmed in the Input/output screen.
Page 103: Networking And Remote Control
2-47 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION Networking and Remote Control [Skip this step if you do not wish to connect to your 8600Si remotely, either for downloading software upgrades or for PC Remote Control.] The 8600Si has a built-in Ethernet connector that can be used with 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps ports using the TCP/IP protocol.
Page 104 You will need two modems and two available phone lines, one of each for your PC and your 8600Si. Orban Customer Service supports only the 3Com/U.S. Robot- ics® 56kbps fax modem EXT on the 8600Si side of your connection, although other 56kbps modems will often work OK.
Page 105: Connecting To The 8600'S Ethernet Port Or Serial Port Via A Terminal Program On A Pc
2-49 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION A) Connect the telephone line from the wall phone jack to the wall connection icon on the back of the modem (modem in). B) Connect the modem to the 8600Si’s serial port with a standard (not null) mo- dem cable.
Page 106: Direct Control Using Putty
2-50 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL • This connection uses the PPP protocol. • To set a different port number: 1. From the main menu, navigate to Setup > N . The & R > N ETWORK EMOTE ETWORK current setting of the Terminal Port will appear.
Page 107: Automated Control Using Putty/Plink
2-51 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION 8600’s IP address into the “Host Name (or IP address)” field. The IP address for this connection is the same as the IP address set in step Setup (1.B) on page 2-47 and is visible in the >...
Page 108: Automated Control Using Netcat
2-52 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL The file “8600_P1_Gregg.txt” contains: RP GREGG [PASSWORD] disconnect The file “8600_P2_GreggOpen.cmd” contains: plink -raw -P 23 123.45.67.89 < 8600_P2_GreggOpen.txt The file “8600_P2_GreggOpen.txt” contains RP GREGG OPEN [PASSWORD] disconnect Automated Control Using Netcat Only one utility is required to use this method: netcat.exe. This is available as a free download.
Page 109 2-53 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION • Text that the user enters appears in MONOSPACED BOLD. • Responses that the 8600 transmits appear in monospaced normal. • The symbol “ ” means CR (for received commands) and CR+LF (for transmitted responses from 8600). 1.
Page 110 2-54 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL timeout does not apply. 3. To set the analog diversity delay: Command Response TR X.XXXXXXXXX[PASSCODE] (valid passcode and argument) DELAY: X.XXXXXXXXX (invalid passcode) [no error message is issued] X.XXXXXXXXX = the delay time or ?. Acceptable values are In the above table: 0.000015625 to 8.192 for the 8-second board and...
Page 111 2-55 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION • You can apply this command anytime after the 8600 boots up. The 30-minute timeout does not apply. • In HD Radio installations, this command is useful when switching the 8600 be- tween transmitters if the transmitters’ exciters produce opposite FM modulation polarities when driven by identical digital audio input signals.
Page 112 2-56 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL tally out 2 [active][inactive] 7. To fetch information about the active processing preset: Command Response AP [PASSCODE]? Returns active processing preset name AP [PASSCODE]?? Returns active processing preset control settings LP [PASSCODE] Returns a list of all available processing presets 8.
Page 113: Synchronizing Optimod To A Network Time Server
2-57 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION Synchronizing Optimod to a Network Time Server [Skip this section if you do not wish to automatically synchronize your Optimod’s in- ternal clock to a network timeserver, which may be part of your local network or lo- cated on the Internet.] 1.
Page 114 2-58 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL You can specify the timeserver either from your Optimod’s front panel or from its PC Remote software. From the front panel, you can only enter the time- server’s IP address (for example, 192.43.244.18). If you specify the timeserver from PC Remote, you can specify either its named address (for example, time.nist.gov) or its IP address.
Page 115 2-59 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION B) Set time zone to correspond to your local time zone. C) In Windows, navigate to the C > D > I ONTROL ANEL ATE AND NTERNET tab. D) If you are running Windows XP: a) Check “Automatically synchronize with an Internet time server” to set your Optimod’s S to “24.”...
Page 116: Installing 8600S Ipc Remote Control Software
8600Si’s serial port. (These services are also used to upgrade your 8600Si’s firm- ware when updates are available from Orban.) The exact process will vary, depend- ing on how you wish to set up the communications. That is:...
Page 117: Running The Orban Installer Program
• You might have obtained the automatic installer application from some other source than Orban’s CD, like Orban’s ftp site or another computer on your net- work. If so, just run the application and follow the on-screen instructions. •...
Page 118: Setting Up Ethernet, Lan, And Vpn Connections
8600Si questions, please contact Orban Customer Service: phone: +1 856.719.9900 email: custserv@orban.com For details on your new 8600Si software, from new features to operational sugges- tions, refer to our FTP site (ftp.orban.com/8600Si).
Page 119: Appendix: Setting Up Serial Communications
Windows Vista and 7, although we recommend using Ethernet connections with Vista or 7. Note that the screen shots were prepared us- ing Orban’s Optimod-FM 8300 but apply equally well to the 8600Si. Preparing for Communication through Null Modem Cable 1.
Page 120 2-64 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL If you cannot access the Internet after making a Direct or Modem connection, you will have to reconfigure certain networking parameters in Windows. Please see You Cannot Access the Internet After Making a Direct or Modem Connection of the 8600Si on page 5-9.
Page 121 2-65 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION i) In the drop-down box, select the serial port you will be using to make the connection. j) Click “Next.” k) Select either “For all users” or “Only for myself.” The correct setting depends on how your network and security are configured.
Page 122 2-66 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL o) Click “Yes.” B) Edit your new Direct Connection properties: a) Click “Settings.” b) Click the “General” tab. c) Select the device you set up in step (i) on page 2-65. This will usually “Com- munications...
Page 123 2-67 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION e) Set “Maximum speed (bps)” “115200.” f) Check “Enable hardware flow con- trol.” g) Make sure that all other boxes are not checked. h) Click “OK.” i) Select the Networking tab. j) Make sure that “PPP: Windows 95/98/NT 4/2000, Internet”...
Page 124: Connecting Using Windows Xp Direct Serial Connection
2-68 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL 2. Launch an existing Windows 2000 Direct connection. Once you have set up a “connection” specifying Direct Connect in the 8600Si PC Remote application (see To set up a new connection on page 3-90), choosing this connection from 8600Si PC Remote automatically opens a Windows Direct Con- nection to your 8600Si.
Page 125 2-69 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION c) Give your 8600Si name (e.g., “KABC”) by entering this name in the “8600Si Alias” field. d) If you wish to have 8600Si PC Remote remember password this Optimod, enter the password in the “Password“ field. e) Select “Serial Connection.”...
Page 126 2-70 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL k) Type in a name for your Connection such “Connection to 8600Si.” l) Click “Finish.” n) Click “Yes.” B) Edit your Direct Connection properties: a) Click “Settings.”...
Page 127 2-71 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION b) Click the “General” tab. c) Select the device you set up in step (i) on page 2-69. This will usually be “Communications cable between two computers (COM1).” d) Click “Configure.” e) Set the “Maximum Speed (bps)” to 115200.
Page 128 2-72 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL j) Select the Networking tab. k) Make sure that “PPP: Windows 95/98/NT 4/2000, Internet” appears in the “Type of dial-up server I am calling” field. l) Make sure that “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is checked. You may leave “File...
Page 129: Connecting Using Windows 7 Direct Serial Connection
2-73 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION 3. To change the properties of an existing connection: Right-click the connection in the “connection List” window and choose “Proper- ties.” The “Connection properties” window opens (see page 2-64). Connecting Using Windows 7 Direct Serial Connection: You must install the Windows 7 direct serial connection as a modem device using the Modem setup procedures as shown in the steps below.
Page 130 2-74 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL B) In the Phone and Modem applet, click on the Mo- dems tab and click “Add.” You need ad- ministrator's rights to do this. If UAC comes up, provide the relevant creden- tials and pro- ceed.
Page 131 2-75 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION D) The Install New Modem window will appear. a) Select Communications cable between two computers. b) Proceed to next step by clicking on the NEXT button. E) Select the Serial com port to which the NULL cable is con- nected.
Page 132 2-76 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL F) At the Modem installation is finished window, click FINISH to complete the in- stallation. G) Once you are back at the Phone and Modem win- dow, you will see your newly installed communi- cation cable attached to the serial com port that you specified earlier.
Page 133 2-77 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION A) Go to the Network and Sharing Center and click on Set up a new connection or network link. B) In the Choose a connection op- tion window, select Set up a di- al-up connection.
Page 134 2-78 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL C) If you are asked Which mo- dem do you want to use?, se- lect Communications cable between com- puters/modem. This only query will open appear if you have configured more than modem device. D) When prompted to “Type...
Page 135 2-79 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION Windows will emit a message stating The connection is ready for use. How- ever, you must to configure some of the PPP settings before you can make a connection to your Optimod Although you did not specifically install any-...
Page 136 2-80 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL B) In the Network adapter window, right-click the Direct Serial PPP icon and click on the properties. You need ad- ministrator rights to pro- ceed from here. If UAC comes up, pro- vide the rele- vant...
Page 137 2-81 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION c) If it is not correct, reset it to 115200 bps. d) Click OK to close the window. e) Click OK to dismiss the Properties window. f) Restart your computer. Restarting should ensure that the bps setting is saved. G) Select the Networking tab.
Page 138 2-82 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL H) In the Advance TCP/IP Set- tings window, click on the Advance button. a) Unselect default gateway remote network. b) Click OK to close this window. This prevents Win- dows 7 from rout- ing all networking...
Page 139: Preparing For Communication Through Modems
You will need two modems and two available phone lines, one of each for your PC and your 8600Si. Reminder: Orban supports only the 3Com / U.S. Robotics® 56kbps fax modem EXT on the 8600Si side (although other 56kbps modems will of- ten work OK).
Page 140 2-84 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL b) On your PC, click “Start / Settings / Control Panel / Phone and Modem Options.” c) Click the “Modems” tab. d) Verify that your modem appears in the list available under “The following Modems are installed.”...
Page 141 2-85 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION g) Select “Dial-up to private network.” h) Click “Next.” j) Enter the phone number of the modem connected to the 8600Si that you are setting up. k) Click the “Next” button. l) Select either “For all users” or “Only for myself.”...
Page 142 2-86 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL n) Click the “Next” but– ton. o) Type in a name for your Connection such “Connection 8600Si – Modem.” p) Click the “Finish” but– ton. q) Click “Yes.” D) Edit your new Direct Connection properties: a) Click “Settings.”...
Page 143 2-87 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION b) Click the “General” tab. c) In the “Connect using” field, select the modem you will be using to make the connection on the PC side. d) Click “Configure.” e) Set “Maximum speed (bps)” “115200.” f) Check “Enable hard-ware flow...
Page 144 2-88 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL k) Select the Networking tab. l) Make sure that “PPP: Windows 95 / 98 / NT 4 / 2000, Internet” appears in the “Type of dial-up server I am calling” field. m)Make sure that “Inter- net Protocol (TCP/IP) is checked.
Page 145: Connecting Using Windows Xp Modem Connection
2-89 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION 3. To change the properties of an existing connection: Right-click the connection in the “connection List” window and choose “Proper- ties.” The “Connection properties” window opens (see page 2-84). Connecting using Windows XP Modem Connection 1. Add and configure modem for Windows XP: Skip this step if your modem is already configured and working.
Page 146 2-90 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL If you are using an external modem, connect the modem to a serial port on your PC and make sure the modem is connected to a working phone line. b) On your PC, click “Start / Settings / Control Panel / Phone and Modem Options.”...
Page 147 2-91 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION e) Click “Add.” The Windows New Connection Wizard starts up. f) Select “Serial Connection.” g) Click the “Add” button. h) Select “Dial-up to private network.” i) Click “Next.” k) Enter the phone number of the modem connected to the 8600Si you are setting up.
Page 148 2-92 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL p) Click “Yes.” D) Edit your new Direct Con- nection properties: a) Click “Settings.” b) Click the “General” tab. c) Select the modem you will be using to make the connection on the PC side. d) Click “Configure.”...
Page 149 2-93 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION e) Set “Maximum speed (bps)” “115200.” f) Check “Enable hardware flow control.” g) Check “Enable modem error control.” h) Check “Enable modem compression.” i) Make sure that no other box is checked. j) Click “OK.” k) Select the Networking tab. l) Make sure that “PPP: Windows 95 / 98 / NT4 / 2000, Internet”...
Page 150: Updating Your 8600Si's Software
2-94 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL You can connect by selecting the desired con- nection from the drop-down list in the C ONNECT menu. You can also connect by double-clicking the connection in the “Connection List” window. If the connection is successful, a dialog bubble will appear on the bottom right hand corner of the screen verifying your connection.
Page 151 2-95 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION 4. Update your 8600Si. A) Attempt to initiate communication to your 8600Si via your connection. See To initiate communication on page 3-91. 8600Si PC Remote will automatically detect that the 8600Si software ver- sion on your 8600Si is not the same as the version of 8600Si PC Remote. PC Remote will then offer to update your 8600Si automatically.
Page 152: Snmp Support
Secondary Manger Port: (162) sets the address of a Secondary SNMP Port. SNMP Mib file The 8600.mib file is in the location where you installed your PC Remote application. The default 8600 install location is: Program Files\Orban\Optimod 8600 PC Remote Program Files(x86)\Orban\Optimod 8600 PC Remote SNMP Default Settings •...
Page 153: Snmp Features
Secondary Manger (Alarm) Port: 162 SNMP Features Get/Query: • Station Name • System Diagnostics Orban (walks through all of the “get” commands and dis- plays their status.) • Primary and Secondary Manager IP • Primary and Secondary Manager Port •...
Page 154 2-98 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL SNMP Community String: The “SNMP Community string” is like a user id or password that allows access to a router's or other device's statistics. It is set at Optimod PC Remote to implement SNMP security. PRTG sends the community string along with all SNMP requests. If the community string is correct, the device responds with the requested information.
Page 155: Rds/Rbds Generator
2-99 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION RDS/RBDS Generator Your Optimod includes a full-featured RDS/RBDS generator that supports dynamic PS. We presume that you are already familiar with the basics of RDS and you wish to implement RDS via your Optimod. See the References on page 2-110 for more about RBS and RBDS.
Page 156 2-100 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL Program Service (PS= / DPS=) Default: undefined Radio Text (RT= / TEXT=) Default: undefined Radio Text Speed (DRTS=) Default: Off Program Identification (PI=) Default: undefined Program Type (PTY=) Default: undefined Program Name (PTYN=) Default: undefined Music/Speech (MS=)
Page 157: Using Processing Presets
2-101 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION In the System I/O RDS tab, turn on the RDS generator by setting 57 kHz RDS con- trol to . You can also set up the Modulation level and all other RDS I/O controls in the System I/O RDS screens per the screenshot above. Table 2-1 shows a list of RDS controls available in System I/O.
Page 158: Emergency Alert System (Eas) Macros
2-102 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL These controls are located in the processing preset’s RDS tab in PC remote. Note that because of buffering to ensure reliable RDS encoding, there is a delay of about four seconds between when you change a control and when your Optimod puts it on-air.
Page 159 2-103 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION G) Connect the Telnet client to the Optimod by typing open [IP address] [IP Port], where [IP address] is the IP address of the Optimod and [IP Port] is the IP Port you assigned to the Optimod RDS terminal server in System.
Page 160: Security
2-104 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL AF 17=0 AF 18=0 AF 19=0 AF 20=0 AF 21=0 AF 22=0 AF 23=0 AF 24=0 Security In the System I/O RDS control screen, you can set the RDS Terminal control security by specifying an RDS IP address from which to accept commands. Once set, this IP will be the only IP that can connect to the unit to update RDS.
Page 161 2-105 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION COMMAND PARAMETER INFORMATION EXAMPLE DPST= Dynamic 0 = Default PS Option Disabled DPSTIMEOUT=0 Program Timeout 1 - 7 = wait time in minutes be- tween receipt of last incoming DPS and transmission of DPS De- fault. Default is the DPS control value as designated in the I/O Setup.
Page 162 2-106 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL COMMAND PARAMETER INFORMATION EXAMPLE Decoder Informa- 0 = Mono DI=1↵ tion 1 = Stereo (Stereo) Traffic Program 0 = Station does not carry traffic TP=0↵ info (No Traffic) 1 = Station broadcasts routine traffic info Traffic...
Page 163: Alternative Frequency Channel Numbers
2-107 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION COMMAND PARAMETER INFORMATION EXAMPLE SAVE↵ Save saves the current RDS parame- SAVE↵ rameters ters to the currently active RDS control set (either the System Set- tings or the User Preset group) NOTE: Any changes will not ap- pear in the PC application if it is open.
Page 164: Program Type (Pty)
2-108 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL CHAN CHAN CHAN CHAN 88.6 93.7 98.8 103.9 88.7 93.8 98.9 104.0 88.8 93.9 99.0 104.1 88.9 94.0 99.1 104.2 89.0 94.1 99.2 104.3 89.1 94.2 99.3 104.4 89.2 94.3 99.4 104.5 89.3 94.4 99.5 104.6 89.4...
Page 165: Sca/Subcarrier Phase Relationship
2-109 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL INSTALLATION Program Type – US Program Type – EU Information Current Affairs Sports Information Talk Sports Rock Education Classic Rock Drama Adult Hit Music Culture Soft Rock Music Science Top 40 Music Varied Country Music Pop Music Oldies Music Rock Music Soft Music...
Page 166: References
2-110 INSTALLATION ORBAN MODEL Figure 2-5: Pilot/SCA Phasing Scope Trace To minimize the amount of peak level that the RDS subcarrier adds to the composite baseband, your Optimod’s RDS generator is locked in quadrature with respect to the pilot tone, so Figure 2-5 is for reference only. If your transmission system is broad- casting stereo correctly, it will also correctly pass the phasing built into your Opti- mod’s SCA generator.
Page 167: Section 3 Operation
OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION Section 3 Operation 8600Si Front Panel • Screen Display labels the four soft buttons and provides control-setting infor- mation. • Screen Contrast button adjusts the optimum viewing angle of the screen dis- play. • Four Soft buttons provide access to all 8600Si functions and controls. The func- tions of the soft buttons change with each screen, according to the labels at the bottom of each screen.
Page 168 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si • Input meters show the peak input level applied to the 8600Si’s analog or digital inputs with reference to 0 = digital full-scale. If the input meter’s red segment lights up, you are overdriving the 8600Si’s analog to digital converter, which is a very common cause of audible distortion.
Page 169 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION • Gate LED indicates gate activity, lighting when the input audio falls below the threshold set by the multiband gate threshold control (with the Full Modify screen’s 2B G control). When this happens, the multiband compressor’s recov- ery time slows drastically to prevent noise rush-up during low-level passages.
Page 170: Introduction To Processing
OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Introduction to Processing Some Audio Processing Concepts Reducing the peak-to-average ratio of the audio increases loudness. If peaks are re- duced, the average level can be increased within the permitted modulation limits. The effectiveness with which this can be accomplished without introducing objec- tionable side effects (such as pumping or intermodulation distortion) is the single best measure of audio processing effectiveness.
Page 171: Distortion In Processing
In FM processing, there is a direct trade-off between loudness, brightness, and dis- tortion. You can improve one only at the expense of one or both of the others. Thanks to Orban’s psychoacoustically optimized designs, this is less true of Orban processors than of others.
Page 172: Fundamental Requirements: High-Quality Source Material And Accurate Monitoring
CDs that this energy cannot possibly survive the FM pre-emphasis / de- emphasis process. Although the 8600Si loses less high frequency energy than any previous Orban processor (due to improvements in high frequency limiting and clip- ping technology), it is nevertheless no match for CDs that are mastered so bright...
Page 173: About The 8600Si's Signal Processing Features
OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION that they will curl the vinyl off car dashboards. We hope that the record industry will come to its senses when it hears the consequences of these practices on the air. If the waveforms on a given CD are noticeably clipped, it may be possible to improve the sound by using de-clipping software , which attempts to reconstruct the clipped- off sections of the waveform by extrapolating the clipped-off part of the waveform...
Page 174 A defeatable 30 Hz 18 dB/octave highpass filter and a defeatable phase rotator com- plete the input-conditioning block. These have both been features in Orban FM pro- cessors for many years. Most users will defeat the 30 Hz filter and leave the phase rotator in-circuit, although the choice is always yours.
Page 175 622B), using a sophisticated, proprietary optimization program. The curves are matched to better than 0.15 dB. This means that their sound is very close to the sound of an Orban analog parametric. They also use very high quality filter algo- rithms to ensure low noise and distortion.
Page 176 See To Override the Speech/Music Detector on page 3-71. DSP-derived Stereo Encoder: The 8600Si’s stereo encoder is derived from algo- rithms first developed for the high-performance Orban 8218 stand-alone encoder. The 8600Si’s stereo encoder operates at 512 kHz-sample rate to ease the perform- ance requirements of the D/A converter’s reconstruction filter, making it possible to...
Page 177 3-11 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION The 8600Si has two independent composite outputs, whose levels are both soft- ware-settable. For convenience, two SCA inputs sum into the 8600Si’s analog com- posite output amplifier. The second SCA input can be configured to provide a 19 kHz-reference output for subcarrier generators that need it.
Page 178 IMIT RIVE control as usual Composite Limiter/Clipper: Orban has traditionally opposed composite clipping because of its tendency to interfere with the stereo pilot tone and with subcarriers, and because it causes inharmonic aliasing distortion, particularly between the stereo main and subchannels. Protecting the pilot tone and subcarrier regions is particu- larly difficult with a conventional composite clipper because appropriate filters will not only add overshoot but also compromise stereo separation—filtering causes the...
Page 179: Itu-R 412 Compliance For Analog Fm Broadcasts
3-13 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION harmonics as if they were L–R information and the decoded harmonics appear at new frequencies not harmonically related to the original frequency that generated them. While the processing never clips the pilot tone, the extra spectrum generated by the processing can fall into the 19 kHz region, compromising the ability of receivers to recover the pilot tone cleanly.
Page 180: Digital Radio Processing
3-14 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si with look-ahead limiting. Sophisticated multiband high frequency limiting and dis- tortion-cancelled clipping complete the chain. We believe that this is the ideal processing for classical music because it does not dy- namically re-equalize high frequencies; the subtle HF limiter only acts to reduce high frequency energy when it would otherwise cause overload because of the FM pre- emphasis curve.
Page 181: Bs.1770 Compliance For Digital Radio
3-15 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION With the FM HD C set to I , there are several ap- ONTROL OUPLING NDEPENDENT proaches to minimizing brightness and conditioning the signal to work well at low bitrates. • Use little or no high frequency boost in the HD equalization and band mix sec- tions.
Page 182: Customizing The 8600Si's Sound
8600Si users will never need to go beyond the Basic level of control. The combinations of subjective setup control settings produced by this control have been optimized by Orban’s audio processing experts on the basis of years of experience designing audio processing, and upon hundred of hours of listening tests.
Page 183: Advanced Modify
In the 8600Si, L affects only the dynamics processing (compression, limit- ing, and clipping). Unlike Orban’s OPTIMOD-FM 8200, the 8600Si has equalization and stereo enhancement that are decoupled from L . You can therefore change EQ or stereo enhancement and not lose the ability to use L .
Page 184: To Create Or Save A User Preset
3-18 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si To accommodate the FM pre-emphasis curve, Band 5 of the Five-Band Structure is capable of 30 dB of gain reduction. Further, be aware of the different peak factors on voice and music — if voice and...
Page 185: About The Processing Structures
3-19 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION memory (as if you had saved them from the 8600Si’s front panel). The PC Remote application also allows you to archive presets to your computer’s hard drive (or other storage device) and to restore them. However, archiving a preset is not the same as saving it.
Page 186: Factory Programming Presets
Unused structures operate constantly in the background, so switching between structures occurs with a seamless cross-fade. Unlike older Orban processors like the 8200, no DSP code is reloaded and no audio mute is necessary.
Page 187 3-21 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION FACTORY PROGRAMMING PRESETS GOLD GOLD GOLD HEAVY MX GOLD HEAVY MX GOLD HEAVY BASS MX GOLD HEAVY BASS MX GOLD OPEN MX GOLD OPEN MX GREGG GREGG GREGG MX GREGG MX GREGG OPEN GREGG OPEN GREGG OPEN MX GREGG OPEN MX GREGG LL GREGG LL...
Page 188 ASIC ODIFY and make small changes to the Bass, Mid EQ, and HF EQ controls. Un- like Orban’s 8200, you can make changes in EQ (and stereo enhancement) without losing the ability to use L settings. Of course, L is still available for the unedited preset if you want to go back to it.
Page 189 3-23 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION iter to achieve the highest performance available in the 8600Si. MX presets offer greater transient impact, less preemphasis-induced high frequency loss, and low- er perceived distortion than their 8500-technology counterparts. Achieving this level of performance requires the MX presets to have much longer delays (typi- cally 265 milliseconds) than the 8500-style presets.
Page 190 3-24 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si more automatic re-equalization than the CLASSICAL 2-BAND preset provides, use the CLASSICAL 5-BAND preset. CLASSICAL-5B+AGC uses the AGC set for 2:1 compression ratio. Because of the AGC, it affects more of the total dynamic range of the recording than does the CLASSICAL-5 BAND preset.
Page 191 3-25 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION distortion. Because of its lower distortion, EDGE MX is appropriate for both 75 µs and 50 µs pre-emphasis. EDGE, EDGE MX: This preset is designed for hit music, urban, and dance-oriented stations that prefer extremely punchy bass to fastidious distortion control. The 8500- style version uses H bass clipping, is loud, and has a bright high frequency tex- ture.
Page 192 GREGG, GREGG MX: GREGG, GREGG MX, GREGG OPEN, GREGG OPEN MX, and GREGG LL all use a 200 Hz band1/band2 crossover frequency to achieve a bass sound similar to the classic five-band Gregg Labs FM processors designed by Orban’s Vice President of New Product Development, Greg Ogonowski. Dynamically, these presets produce a slight increase in bass energy below 100 Hz and a decrease of bass energy centered at 160 Hz.
Page 193 3-27 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION Stations programming “smooth jazz” should investigate the SMOOTH JAZZ MX pre- set, which is louder and more “commercial”-sounding. There is also an 8500-style SMOOTH JAZZ preset available. LOUD: There are several LOUD presets, all of which use “8500-style” technology and typically have 18 ms of latency.
Page 194 3-28 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si LOUD-PUNCHY is the quietest of the “loud” preset family. It is designed for a bright, sizzling top end and very punchy lows. It is a good choice for stations that feel that the LOUD-HOT presets are too aggressive, but that think that the ROCK presets are insufficiently loud for their market position.
Page 195: Equalizer Controls
3-29 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION ROCK-SOFT has a mellow, easy-to-listen-to high frequency quality that is designed for female-skewing formats. It is also a candidate for “Quiet Storm” and “Love Songs” light rock or light urban formats. ROCK-SMOOTH has the same mellow, easy-to-listen-to high frequency quality as ROCK-SOFT, but with more density.
Page 196 3-30 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Most equalization controls are common to both the Two-Band and Five-Band struc- tures. The equalizer is located between the AGC and multiband compressor sections of both structures. Any equalization that you set will be automatically stored in any User Preset that you create and save.
Page 197 Low Frequency Parametric Equalizer is a specially designed parametric equalizer whose boost and cut curves closely emulate those of a classic Orban analog para- metric equalizer with conventional bell-shaped curves (within ±0.15 dB worst-case).
Page 198 100Hz in combination with a Bass Shelf boost at 6 dB/octave. The equalizer, like the classic Orban analog parametrics such as the 622B, has con- stant “Q” curves. This means that the cut curves are narrower than the boost curves.
Page 199 OPERATION mize the maximum error,” or “equal-ripple”) IIR digital approximation to the curves provided by the Orban 622B analog parametric equalizer. Therefore, unlike less so- phisticated digital equalizers that use the “bilinear transformation” to generate EQ curves, the shapes of the 8600Si’s curves are not distorted at high frequencies.
Page 200 The difference will never exceed the difference that would have otherwise occurred if the lowest frequency band was independently gated. If you are familiar with older Orban processors like the 8200, this is the maximum amount of boost that would have occurred if you had set their...
Page 201: Stereo Enhancer Controls
The stereo enhancer is common to the FM and HD processing chains. You can oper- ate it in one of two modes or “styles.” The first emulates the Orban 222 analog ste- reo enhancer, while the second mode, called Delay, emulates a popular enhancer from another manufacturer that adds a delayed version of the L–R signal to the...
Page 202: Agc Controls
3-36 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Stereo Enhancer Controls PC Remote Name Range Amount 0.0 ... 10.0 In / Out Out / In Ratio Lim 70 … 100% Diffusion Off, 0.3 ... 10.0 Style 222 / Delay Depth 0 … 10...
Page 203 (such as a CLASSICAL preset). The AGC is also ordinarily de- feated if you are using an external AGC (like Orban’s 6300). However, in this case it is better to defeat the AGC globally in the System Setup screen.
Page 204 3-38 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si (slow) to 20 dB / second (fast). The increase in density caused by setting the AGC control to fast settings sounds different from the increase in density caused ELEASE by setting the Multiband’s MB R...
Page 205 3-39 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION Note: If the M (Gate Threshold) control is turned ULTIBAND HRESH , the DJ B control (in the Equalization screen) is disabled. AGC Bass Coupling control clamps the amount of dynamic bass boost (in units of dB) that the AGC can provide.
Page 206 Previous Orban AGCs had compression ratios very close to ∞:1, which produces the most consistent and uniform sound. However, the 8600Si compressor can reduce this ratio to as low as 2:1.
Page 207 3-41 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION ed. For example, to make the idle gain track the setting of the AGC D RIVE control, set the I control to zero. To make the idle gain 2 dB low- er than the setting of the AGC D control, set the I control to RIVE...
Page 208: Peak Limiter Controls
Intermediate Modify and Advanced Modify screens. Composite Limit Mode determines if the composite limiter will operate as a hard clipper or as Orban’s patented “Half-Cosine Interpolation” composite limiter (which is not a clipper). When operating as a hard clipper, the composite limiter will produce maximum brightness in the frequency range from 5 to 15 kHz because, unlike the 8600Si’s left/right audio-domain peak limiters, it can produce...
Page 209 3-43 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION bandlimited to 53 kHz (Figure 3-1), unlike conventional composite clip- pers. Composite Limit Drive sets the drive level, in dB, into the composite limiter. This control has no effect on the 8600Si’s left and right analog or digital outputs. The C control is set to “0 dB”...
Page 210 3-44 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si However, the 19 kHz notch filter can introduce substantial overshoot with certain program material when the composite limiter is driven hard. For example, if the composite limiter limits energy at 6.33 kHz, the 19 kHz notch filter will remove the third harmonic produced by the limiting.
Page 211 3-45 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION The M control’s purpose is to reduce unnatural loudness varia- ULTIPLEX OWER FFSET tions that the multiplex power controller might produce. These can occur because the ITU specification does not call for psychoacoustic weighting. The Optimod does not force the multiplex power controller to dynamically produce all of the required gain reduction (which could vary widely, depending on the program material).
Page 212: 8500-Style Peak Limiter Controls
3-46 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Note that the H control determines how squared-off the HAPE clipped bass waveforms become. (See Hard Clip Shape on page 3-49.) • differs in two ways from the normal H mode of the bass clipper: •...
Page 213 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION Bass Clip Thresh sets the clipping threshold of Orban’s patented embedded bass clipper, which is used only in the FM processing chain and not in the HD chain. The clipper is embedded in the multiband crossover so that any distortion created by clipping is rolled off by part of the crossover filters.
Page 214: Varied From 0.0 (Hard) To 10.0 (Soft)
3-48 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si If the M control is set to its faster settings, the distortion produced ULTIBAND ELEASE by the back-end clipping system will increase as the M control is ad- ULTIBAND RIVE vanced. The F and/or the MB L...
Page 215: 8600Si Mx Technology Peak Limiter Controls
3-49 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION setting is “0 dB.” The overshoot compensator can produce audible distortion on material with strong high frequency content (like bell trees) and this control lets you trade off this distortion against loudness. (Such material can cause strong overshoots, forcing the overshoot compensator to work hard to eliminate them.) We do not recommend operating this control above “0”...
Page 216 3-50 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si The MX technology peak limiter consists of two main stages—first, a pre-limiter stage to control low frequency and high frequency peaks ahead of the main peak limiter and then the main peak limiter, which uses various proprietary techniques to control distortion, minimize transient loss, and minimize high frequency loss.
Page 217 Because the MX peak limiter uses newly developed algorithms that differ from those used by past Orban proces- sors, the loudness/distortion/brightness/punch tradeoffs are also different and it is worthwhile to take the time to get a feel for the MX limiter’s capabilities.
Page 218: The Two-Band Structure
Five-Band structure. Like the “Two-Band Purist” structure in Orban’s OPTIMOD-FM 8200, the 8600Si’s Two-Band Structure is phase-linear throughout to maximize sonic transparency. The Two-Band structure has an open, easy-to-listen-to sound that is similar to the source material if the source material is of good quality.
Page 219: Setting Up The Two-Band Structure For Classical Music
3-53 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION The L control affects only the input drive, and you can use it to set a nomi- nal limiting level different from 0 dB or 5 dB. The Protection presets have the same Intermediate and Advanced Modify controls available as the Two-Band structure.
Page 220: Customizing The Settings
3-54 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si what more “automatic equalization” than is . It can therefore re- CLASSICAL-2 BAND equalize older program material, but there is also more risk that it will cause colora- tion that might offend the classical purist.
Page 221 3-55 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION The release time can be adjusted from 0.5 dB / second (slow) to 20 dB / second (fast). Settings toward 20 dB / second result in a more consistently loud output, while set- tings toward 0.5 dB / second allow a wider variation of dynamic range. Both the set- ting of the 2B R control and the dynamics and level of the program material ELEASE...
Page 222 3-56 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si the density that you prefer while not creating a feeling of over-compression and fa- tigue. Release in the two-band compressor automatically becomes faster as more gain reduction is applied (up to about 10 dB). This makes the pro- gram progressively denser, creating a sense of increasing loudness al- though peaks are not actually increasing.
Page 223 3-57 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION tion applied. Adjust the 2B B control until the band 1 and band 2 Gain OUPLING Reduction meters track as closely as possible. With the 2B R (Two-Band Release) control set to 2 dB / second, setting the 2B ELEASE OUPLING control toward 0% (independent) will produce a sound that is very...
Page 224: The Five-Band Structure
3-58 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si distortion-controlling processing that precedes the final clipping section. The distor- tion-controlling section uses a combination of distortion-cancelled clipping and look-ahead processing to anticipate and prevent excessive clipping distortion in the final clipper. This control does not affect the HD processing chain.
Page 225: Putting The Five-Band Structure On The Air
3-59 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION When the input is noisy, you can sometimes reduce the noise by activating the sin- gle-ended noise reduction system. Functionally, the single-ended noise reduction sys- tem combines a broadband downward expander with a program-dependent low- pass filter. This noise reduction can be valuable in reducing audible hiss, rumble, or ambient studio noise on-air.
Page 226: The Five-Band Structure's Full And Advanced Setup Controls
3-60 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si ation. The Five-Band Structure’s Full and Advanced Setup Controls The tables below show the Multiband and Band Mix controls in the dynamics sec- tion. The AGC, Equalizer, Stereo Enhancer, and Clipper controls are common to both the Two-Band and Five-Band structures and are discussed in their own sections above.
Page 227 3-61 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION MB Release; Speech MB Release control can be switched to any one of seven set- tings: • The Slow settings produce a very punchy, clean, open sound that is ideal for Adult Contemporary, Soft Rock, Soft Urban, New Age, and other adult-oriented formats whose success depends on attracting and holding audiences for very long periods of time.
Page 228 3-62 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si highs and lows. Because it creates a more consistent frequency balance between different pieces of source material than does the Two-Band structure, S almost always preferable to the Two-Band structure for any popular music for- mat.
Page 229 3-63 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION more of the source’s frequency balance, making the sound less dense and fatigu- ing when the radio is played loudly. The S MB R control overrides the MB R control when the PEECH ELEASE ELEASE 8600Si automatically detects speech (page 3-70). You may wish to set the S PEECH MB R ELEASE...
Page 230 3-64 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si gate. When the AGC produces 10 dB of gain reduction, the calibration of the MB GATE control in V2.x software is the same as it was in V1.x software. When upgrading from V1.x to V2.x, it should thus be unnecessary to change the MB GATE setting in User Presets unless the AGC’s nominal gain reduction is significantly different from...
Page 231 3-65 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION Ordinarily, the gating on the AGC and multiband limiter will prevent objectionable build-up of noise and you will want to use the single-ended noise reduction only on unusually noisy program material. Modern commercial recordings will almost never need it.
Page 232 3-66 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si The sum of the high frequency limiter control signal and the output of the B 4 > 5 C control determines the gain reduction in band 5. The 4 > 5 C control receives the independent left and right band 4 gain control signals;...
Page 233 3-67 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION sor in that band. This prevents the muted compressor’s sidechain from producing a gain reduction signal that could couple into unmuted bands through the various band-coupling controls. Please note that a single band will interact with the back-end clipping system quite differently than will that band when combined with all of the other bands.
Page 234 3-68 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si gain reduction in each band responds to level changes at the input to a given band’s compressor for music and speech respectively, following the 8600Si’s automatic speech/music detector. These controls are risky and difficult to adjust appropriately.
Page 235 3-69 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION over-control of transient material by the distortion controller. Instead, the final clip- per is permitted to control some of the transient material (to increase “punch”), even though, technically, such clipping introduces “distortion.” A setting of 4 to 5 dB works best in most cases.
Page 236 3-70 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si these controls in the range of 70% to 100%. Below 70%, you will probably hear pumping because the compressor function is trying to create some of the gain re- duction that the faster limiting function would have otherwise achieved. If you hear...
Page 237: To Override The Speech/Music Detector
3-71 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION MB Speech Threshold (“S ,” located in the Speech page of A PEECH DVANCED ) lets you set the increment (in dB) by which the setting of the MB L ONTROL IMIT control is reduced when speech is detected (see Lookahead, above). This control is particularly useful in minimizing speech distortion when you use the LLH bass clipper—it allows the main clipping distortion controller to work harder on speech...
Page 238 3-72 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si nel, you can then set the FM HD C control to I ONTROL OUPLING NDEPENDENT tweak the HD processing as you wish. This control is located in the HD L page IMITING of A . You can also toggle this control via two buttons on the but-...
Page 239: Delay Difference Between Hd And Fm Outputs
3-73 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION The look-ahead limiter includes a parametric high frequency shelving equalizer that can be placed either before or after gain reduction. You can use it to equalize tex- ture disparities between the FM and HD channels and to reduce codec artifacts at high frequencies.
Page 240: Hd I/O Setup Controls
3-74 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si analog side of your transmission plant, assign that output’s O control OURCE to FM+D ELAY • If you are using a composite output to drive the FM analog side of your transmis- sion plant, set the stereo encoder’s D...
Page 241 3-75 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION The HD look-ahead limiter is not stereo-coupled. This prevents limiting on one channel from causing audible modulation effects on the other channel. HD HF Shelf EQ (Pre/Post) determines whether the HD HF shelving equalizer will be placed before or after the look-ahead limiter that feeds the HD output.
Page 242: Digital Output
3-76 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si the codec then uses all of its bits to encode information in the most sub- jectively important part of the ear’s bandwidth. If the codec employs Spectral Band Replication® technology (as does the iBiquity HD Codec),...
Page 243 3-77 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION A 32 kHz sample rate cannot represent frequencies higher than approxi- mately 15 kHz. Therefore, setting the sample rate to 32 kHz automati- cally forces the bandwidth to 15 kHz, regardless of the setting of the HD control.
Page 244: Unique Hd Audio Controls
3-78 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si We expect that AES will be appropriate for almost all users, but some consumer sound cards may require SPDIF. BS.1770 Safety Limiter ON/OFF activates or defeats the BS.1770 Safety Limiter, which is applied only to the digital radio processing. This control affects the behav- ior of the digital output receiving the HD feed (see step 12 on page 2-35).
Page 245 3-79 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION FM HD mode. When the FM HD mode is I , a button on the toolbar NDEPENDENT toggles between corresponding FM and HD tabs (for example, between and HD C OMPRESSORS OMPRESSORS HD EQ Gain determines the depth of high frequency shelving equalization pro- duced by the parametric HF shelving equalizer, which will be placed either before or after the digital-channel look-ahead limiter (depending on the setting of the HD HF EQ control in the I...
Page 246: Itu-R Multiplex Power Controller
3-80 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si match the loudness by turning down the Out Level control of the 8600Si out- put driving the HD exciter. This will force you to use unnecessarily large amounts of limiter gain reduction, which will waste the “bonus loudness.”...
Page 247: Mpx Power Meter
3-81 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION MPX Power Meter The MPX P OWER meter indicates MPX power according to the ITU-R BS.412 standard. All samples are weighted equally in a 60-second sliding window. BS.412 requires limiting the integrated power of the composite signal so that it does not exceed the power in a sinewave that deviates the FM carrier by ±19 kHz (25.333% modulation with reference to ±75 kHz deviation).
Page 248 3-82 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si The control is located in the Setup > S screen because the regulation TEREO NCODER applies to all operation of the processor in a given installation. If your country enforces the standard, you should set the control to complement the amount of peak overshoot in the transmission system following your Optimod.
Page 249: Audio Processing And The Multiplex Power Threshold Control
3-83 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION modulation) by 3 dB, set the MULTIPLEX POWER THRESHOLD to “+3.” Audio Processing and the Multiplex Power Threshold Control Starting with version1.1 software, the multiplex power controller reduces multiplex power by applying gain reduction after the Optimod’s FM peak limiting system, which reduces the tendency of the MPX power controller to produce unnatural- sounding gain reduction because the standard forces MPX power to be measured after preemphasis and without psychoacoustically weighting.
Page 250 TRLR control is part of the active processing preset. • Preset 0: No gating: Works like Orban’s older, non-gated MPX power controller. • Preset 1: Only the quieter passages are gated and the gated release is faster than it is in the other presets. Created to maximize loudness within the BS.412 limit while providing more on-air dynamics and preventing unnecessary gain pump-ups.
Page 251: Test Modes
3-85 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION Test Modes Setup: Test Parameter Units Default Range (CCW to CW) Step Labels MODE Operate Operate, Bypass, Tone −18 … +25 BYPASS GAIN TONE FREQ 16, 20, 25, 31.5, 40, 50, 100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630, 800, 1000, 1250, 1600, 2000, 2500, 3150, 4000, 5000, 6300, 8000, 9500, 10000,...
Page 252: Getting The Bass Sound You Want
ORBAN MODEL 8600Si While this calibration may seem unintuitive, experience has shown that it greatly reduces calls to Orban customer service complaining that the frequency response of the transmission path is not flat when in fact the measurement in question was causing undetected clipping at high frequencies due to preemphasis.
Page 253 3-87 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION settings in the factory presets have been adjusted with this tradeoff in TTACK mind, but you might prefer to make a different one. The threshold of the band 1 compressor will also affect bass punch. We recommend that you carefully study the setting of this control (and the B TTACK con-...
Page 254: Bass Punch In The Mx Presets
3-88 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si two GREGG presets.) The rest of the presets use the 100 Hz crossover and have more mid-bass. Bass Punch in the MX Presets The MX presets have two controls that allow you to trade off IM distortion against...
Page 255 3-89 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION...
Page 256: Using The 8600S Ipc Remote Control Software
3-90 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Using the 8600Si PC Remote Control Software 8600Si PC Remote control software allows you to access any 8600Si control, includ- ing all of the Advanced Modify controls that are unavailable from the 8600Si’s front panel. Because only simplified adjustments are available from the 8600Si front pan- el, you must use PC Remote for custom preset development.
Page 257: To Initiate Communication
A window will appear saying, “Connecting to the 8600Si, please wait.” A few moments later, a new message will appear: “Loading system files, please wait.” When run, the Orban PC Remote software installer makes copies of all 8600Si factory preset files on your local hard drive. The PC Remote software reads these files to speed up its initialization.
Page 258: To Modify A Control Setting
3-92 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si sage for the function you have selected. To modify a control setting: A) Choose P from the E ROCESSING ARAMETERS menu. B) Select menu tabs for Less-More, Stereo Enhancer, and EQ to access Basic Mod- ify controls.
Page 259: To Back Up User Presets, System Files, And Automation Files Onto Your Computer's Hard Drive
The encryption options prevent archived presets, system files, and auto- mation files from being restored if the user does not have the password used for the encryption. There is no “back door”— Orban cannot help you to decrypt a preset whose password is unknown.
Page 260 PC Remote will request the password under which it was encrypted. All User Presets are compatible with all 8600Si and 8600S software versions. If Orban adds new controls to a software version, the new software will assign a reasonable default value to any control missing in an old User Preset.
Page 261: To Modify Input /Output And System Setup
3-95 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION b) Highlight all the user presets in the dialog window c) Click the R ESTORE button. E) To restore a system file: a) Set the F field to the System Setup file type (*.orb86ssetup). ILES b) Select the desired system file in the dialog box. c) Click the R button.
Page 262: To Group Multiple 8600Si Units
Optimod 8600Si PC Re- mote (usually \Program Files\Orban\Optimod 8600Si). The folder has the same name as the Alias name. Once you establish the initial connection to the 8600Si, all presets for that 8600Si are automatically copied to the Alias folder;...
Page 263: Multiple Installations Of Optimod 8600Si Pc Remote
To prevent the in- staller from overwriting the old version, you must specify a different installation folder when you install the new version (for example, \Program Files\Orban\Optimod 8600Siv2). Each version of 8600Si PC Remote will display all 8600Si Aliases, even those pointing to 8600Si with incompatible version numbers.
Page 264 3-98 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si If you decide to install the new software to a different location on your PC, new Ali- ases created using the new software will not be located in the same place as the old Aliases.
Page 265: White Paper: Measuring The Improvements In Optimod-Fm 8600 And 8600Si "Mx" Fm Peak Limiting Technology
3-99 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION White Paper: Measuring the Improvements in Optimod-FM 8600 and 8600Si “MX” FM Peak Limiting Technology Introduction The 8600 and 8600Si offer new “MX” peak limiter technology that decreases distor- tion while increasing transient punch and high frequency power handling capacity. Compared to the FM-channel peak limiter in Optimod-FM 8500, the new peak lim- iter typically provides 2.5 to 3 dB more power at high frequencies, which minimizes audible HF loss caused by preemphasis limiting.
Page 266 3-100 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Figure 3-6 U2, “Within You Without You” The 8600’s “MX” technology peak limiter consists of two main stages—first, a pre- limiter stage to control low frequency and high frequency peaks ahead of the main peak limiter and then the main peak limiter, which uses various proprietary tech- niques to control distortion, minimize transient loss, and minimize high frequency loss.
Page 267 3-101 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL OPERATION Figure 3-7 Kelly Clarkson, “Because of You” opening the two third-octave or twelfth-octave spectra (measured in decibel units) to be sub- tracted in real time. The difference shows the difference in the output spectra of the two units under test, measured in dB.
Page 268 ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Figure 3-8 Level 42, “Starchild” Distortion Control: In 1977, Orban was the first company to patent and commer- cialize a psychoacoustic model to estimate and control audible clipping distortion. The 8600 also uses a psychoacoustic model, but in a far more sophisticated way that has some similarities to audio codec technology.
Page 269 GREGG MX. To keep the comparison “apples and apples,” we used the IMPACT MX preset in the 8600. Even with these presets, the distortion in either Orban processor was negligible compared to the effect of even modest multipath and considerably less than certain other non-Orban processors produce with this material.
Page 270 3-104 OPERATION ORBAN MODEL 8600Si the combination of improved HF response (about 2 dB) and midrange IM suppres- sion is plainly visible and very audible in the 8600. Transient Punch: Decreasing distortion often comes at the expense of decreased transient punch because in competitively processed FM, transients must be clipped and may therefore appear incorrectly to the distortion controller as “distortion”...
Page 271: Measurements
These meas- urements have verified that the 8600’s new limiter technology has significantly im- proved high frequency power handling capability, distortion control, and transient punch compared to Orban’s previous flagship FM processor. —Robert Orban, February 2011...
Page 273: Section 4 Maintenance
OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL MAINTENANCE Section 4 Maintenance Routine Maintenance The 8600Si OPTIMOD-FM Audio Processor uses highly stable analog and digital cir- cuitry throughout. Recommended routine maintenance is minimal. 1. Periodically check audio level and gain reduction meter readings. Become familiar with normal audio level meter readings, and with the normal performance of the G/R metering.
Page 274: Subassembly Removal And Replacement
MAINTENANCE ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Subassembly Removal and Replacement See page 6-27 for the Circuit Board Locator and Basic Interconnections diagram. 1. Removing the Top Cover: To access any internal board (including the display assembly), you must remove the top cover.
Page 275 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL MAINTENANCE B) Using a deep hex nut driver (preferred), a small crescent wrench, or a pair of slip-joint pliers (in an emergency), remove the nuts and lockwashers holding the four BNC connectors to the chassis. The Composite/SCA daughterboard can now be removed. 4.
Page 276 EMI that violates FCC and/or CE regulations. If the power supply fails, please contact Orban Customer Service (custserv@orban.com) to obtain an exact replacement.
Page 277 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL MAINTENANCE 9. Replacing the Composite/SCA Daughterboard Referring to step 3, follow the instructions in reverse. 10. Replacing the Front Panel Assembly: A) Set the front panel, face down, on a soft cloth to prevent scratches. B) Lightly reattach the bottom and top circuit boards by mating the four plugs and jacks.
Page 278: Field Audit Of Performance
MAINTENANCE ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Field Audit of Performance Required Equipment: • Ultra-low distortion sine-wave oscillator/THD analyzer/audio voltmeter With verified residual distortion below 0.01%. Audio Precision System One, or similar high-performance system. The NAB Broadcast and Audio System Test CD is an excellent source of test signals when used with a high-quality CD player.
Page 279 The power supply is a module. In case of any power supply failure, the entire supply must be replaced by an exact replacement (available from Orban Service). Attempts to repair the supply on a component level and/or to replace the supply with a non-approved supply may compromise your Optimod’s compliance with...
Page 280 MAINTENANCE ORBAN MODEL 8600Si b) Navigate to Setup > I/O C > D . Set controls as in the table ALIB ALIB below: DI REF VU ................–15.0 dBFS R CH BAL ..................0.0 dB c) Navigate to Setup > I/O C >...
Page 281 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL MAINTENANCE C) Connect the audio voltmeter to the Left Analog Output. D) Adjust output trim VR301 to make the meter read +10.0 dBu. (0 dBu = 0.775V rms.) Verify a frequency reading of 400 Hz. E) Verify THD+N reading of <0.03% (<0.01% typical) using a 22 kHz low pass fil- ter in the distortion analyzer.
Page 282 4-10 MAINTENANCE ORBAN MODEL 8600Si H) Repeat steps (C) through (G) for the right channel. 5. Check distortion performance of Analog I/O. A) Verify 8600Si software controls are set to their default settings. (Refer to page 4-7.) B) Be sure you are still in B mode [see step (3.F)] and set the B...
Page 283 4-11 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL MAINTENANCE D) Set the I to D NPUT IGITAL E) Connect the digital source generator to the AES3 Digital Input XLR connector of the 8600Si. F) Set the frequency of the digital source generator to 400 Hz and its output lev- el to 18 dB below full scale.
Page 284 4-12 MAINTENANCE ORBAN MODEL 8600Si An analog oscilloscope can be used for a more thorough test. Set the scope for X/Y operation (i.e., so that it generates Lissajous patterns). Connect the reference generator to one input and the 8600Si’s digital output to the other input.
Page 285 4-13 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL MAINTENANCE You will have to press the N button to access all of these parameters. E) Navigate to Setup > S TEREO NCODER F) Set the C control to make the stereo monitor read 100% total modu- lation.
Page 286 4-14 MAINTENANCE ORBAN MODEL 8600Si tion executes when you activate the input. To program a GPI input, see Remote Control Interface Programming on page 2-45. B) You can test the RS-232 port for functionality by verifying that you can con- nect to a PC through a null modem cable.
Page 287: Section 5 Troubleshooting
OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TROUBLESHOOTING Section 5 Troubleshooting Problems and Potential Solutions Always verify that the problem is not the source material being fed to the 8600Si, or in other parts of the system. RFI, Hum, Clicks, or Buzzes A grounding problem is likely. Review the information on grounding on page 2-11. The 8600Si has been designed with very substantial RFI suppression on its analog and digital input and output ports, and on the AC line input.
Page 288: Unexpected Delay Between The Program Feed And The On-Air Signal
Many commercial monitors have this problem, but most of these problem units can be modified to indicate peak levels accurately. Orban uses the Belar “Wizard” series of DSP-based monitors internally for testing, because these units do not have this difficulty.
Page 289: Audible Noise On Air
STL may only be 70-75 dB. In this case, it is wise to use the Orban 8200ST Studio AGC to perform the AGC function prior to the STL transmitter and to control the STL's peak modulation. This will optimize the signal-to-noise ratio of the entire transmission system.
Page 290: Whistle On Air, Perhaps Only In Stereo Reception
TROUBLESHOOTING ORBAN MODEL Whistle on Air, Perhaps Only in Stereo Reception The most likely cause is oscillation in the analog input or output circuitry. If the oscil- lation is in the output circuitry and is between 23 and 53 kHz, it will be detected in a receiver’s stereo decoder and translated down into the audible range.
Page 291: Shrill, Harsh Sound
OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TROUBLESHOOTING Amplitude modulation of the carrier that is synchronous with the program (“syn- chronous AM”) can cause program-related crosstalk into subcarriers. Synchronous AM should be better than 35 dB below 100% modulation as measured on a syn- chronous AM detector with standard FM de-emphasis (50μs or 75μs). The subcarrier receiver itself must receive a multipath-free signal, and must have a wide and symmetrical IF passband and a linear, low-distortion FM demodulator to prevent program-related crosstalk into subcarriers.
Page 292: System Will Not Pass Emergency Alert System ("Eas" Usa Standard) Tones At The Legally Required Modulation Level
First, verify that a problem really exists by using a second frequency-measuring de- vice and/or verifying the problem with a monitoring service. If the problem is real, contact Orban Customer Service for a crystal replacement; there is no frequency trim available.
Page 293: Harsh Sibilance ("Ess" Sounds) In The Hd Channel
OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TROUBLESHOOTING Harsh Sibilance (“Ess” Sounds) in the HD Channel Adjust the HD D control and/or activate the HD channel’s band 5 compressor. See page 3-80. HD and FM Levels Do Not Match When the Receiver Crossfades Adjust the HD L IMIT control in the on-air preset to match levels.
Page 294: Security Passcode Lost (When Unit Is Locked Out)
TROUBLESHOOTING ORBAN MODEL controls and have adjusted the subjective setup controls in detail to their satisfac- tion. Such users must fully understand the material in Section 3 of this manual to achieve the best results from this exercise. By comparison to competitive processors, the 8600Si offers a uniquely favorable set of trade-offs between loudness, brightness, distortion, and build-up of program density.
Page 295: Troubleshooting Connections
OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TROUBLESHOOTING Troubleshooting Connections • If you get an error message such as “the specified port is not connected” or “There is no answer”… You may have the wrong interface type set on your 8600Si. Navigate to Setup > &...
Page 296: Os-Specific Troubleshooting Advice
5-10 TROUBLESHOOTING ORBAN MODEL F) Select “Advanced.” G) Uncheck the “Use default gateway on remote network” box. H) Select “OK.” If this “Use default gateway on remote network” box is not selected, the gateway will not point to the 8600Si unit when you establish a direct or modem connection.
Page 297: Troubleshooting Windows 2000 Modem Connect
5-11 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TROUBLESHOOTING Q) Click “Cancel” to dismiss the “Connect [nnnn]” dialog box R) Restart your computer. (This resets the serial port and reduces the likelihood that you will encounter problems connecting to the 8600Si.) S) If you see: “Error 777: The connection failed because the modem (or other connecting device) on the remote computer is out of order”: The “remote computer”...
Page 298: Troubleshooting Windows Xp Direct Connect
5-12 TROUBLESHOOTING ORBAN MODEL F) Click the “Configure…” button. G) Set the “Maximum Speed (bps) to 115200. H) Check the “Enable hardware flow control,” make sure all other hardware fea- tures are unchecked. Then click “OK.” I) Click the “Networking” tab on the “Properties” window.
Page 299: Troubleshooting Windows Xp Modem Connect
5-13 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TROUBLESHOOTING E) Set “Type of dial-up server I am calling” to “PPP: Windows 95/98/NT4/2000, In- ternet” F) Select the “Settings” button and make sure all PPP settings are unchecked, then click “OK.” G) In “This connection uses the following items,” uncheck all except for “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).”...
Page 300: Troubleshooting Ic Opamps
5-14 TROUBLESHOOTING ORBAN MODEL F) In “This connection uses the following items,” uncheck all except for “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP).” You can also leave “QoS Packet Scheduler” checked if you like. G) In “This connection uses the following items,” select “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)”...
Page 301: Technical Support
Returned units will be returned C.O.D. if the unit is not under warranty. Orban will pay return shipping if the unit is still under warranty. In all cases, the customer pays transportation charges to the factory (which are usually quite nominal).
Page 302 5-16 TROUBLESHOOTING ORBAN MODEL berglass or polyester sealing tape, top and bottom in an “H” pattern. Narrower or parcel-post type tapes will not withstand the stresses applied to commercial ship- ments. Mark the package with the name of the shipper, and with these words in red: DELICATE INSTRUMENT, FRAGILE! Insure the package properly.
Page 303: Section 6 Technical Data
OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA Section 6 Technical Data Specifications It is impossible to characterize the listening quality of even the simplest limiter or compressor based on specifications, because such specifications cannot adequately describe the crucial dynamic processes that occur under program conditions. There- fore, the only way to evaluate the sound of an audio processor meaningfully is by subjective listening tests.
Page 304: Installation
TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Processing Resolution: Internal processing has 24 bit (fixed point) or higher resolution. Installation Delay Defeatable Analog FM Processing delay: 0.27 to 16.384 seconds, adjustable in one- sample increments at 64 kHz sample rate to allow the delays of the analog and digital paths in the HD Radio system to be matched at the receiver output.
Page 305 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA Digital Audio Input Configuration: Stereo per AES3 standard, 24 bit resolution, software selection of stereo, mono from left, mono from right or mono from sum. Sampling Rate: 32, 44.1, 48, 88.2, or 96 kHz, automatically selected. Can be used as a sync reference.
Page 306 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si AES3id Input Configuration: Can receive the output of a ratings encoder. See Connecting a Ratings En- coder on page 2-8. Connector: BNC female, grounded to chassis, terminated with 75Ω. For short cable runs, there is usually no problem in driving this with an AES3 (110Ω) signal. If the cable is long enough to cause digital audio reception errors due to impedance mismatch, a 110Ω/75Ω...
Page 307 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA SCA Sensitivity: Variable from <100 mV p-p to >10 V p-p to produce 10% injection assum- ing 100% modulation = 4 V p-p at the 8600Si’s composite outputs. Rear-panel accessi- ble PC-board-mounted trim pots allow user to adjust the sensitivities of the two SCA in- puts.
Page 308: Circuit Description
RFI/EMI: Tested according to Cenelec procedures. FCC Part 15 Class A device. Shipping Weight: 10 lbs / 4.6 kg Warranty Five Years, Parts and Service: Subject to the limitations set forth in Orban's Standard Warranty Agreement. Because engineering improvements are ongoing, specifications are subject to change with- out notice.
Page 309: Control Circuits
DSP code download has finished. If you hear a brief audio mute on air and you know that its input was not interrupted, you can assume that the 8600Si has rebooted for some reason. Be prepared to convey this fact to Orban cus- tomer service if you call for technical assistance.
Page 310 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Remote Interface and RS-232 Interfaces Located on control board A remote interface connector and circuitry implements remote control of certain operating modes; Model 8600Si OPTIMOD-FM has eight remote contact closure inputs. A valid remote signal is a momentary pulse of current flowing through remote signal pins.
Page 311: Input Circuits
OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA essor, which sends the appropriate LED control words (eight bits at a time) to the data latches that drive the LEDs directly. Component-Level Description: The meter LED matrix consists of ten 10-segment LED bar graph assemblies (CR1-CR9, CR16) and one discrete LED (CR10).
Page 312 6-10 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si and scales the signal to the proper level for the analog-to-digital (A/D) con- verter IC208. IC207A and associated components comprise a servo amp to cor- rectly DC-bias the signal feeding the A/D converter. R253, R255-R257, C217, C219 make an attenuator / RC filter necessary to filter high frequency energy that would otherwise cause aliasing distortion in the A/D converter.
Page 313: Output Circuits
6-11 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA tor that locks to the 27 MHz output of IC1101 and generates four clock signals from it. The four outputs of IC1102 are applied to the CPLD, which closes the phase-locked loop as directed by the PIC and main microprocessor. The CPLD generates the clocks (FCLK and BCLK) used by the DSP.
Page 314 6-12 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si a floating transformer; its differential output level is independent of whether one side of its output is floating or grounded. IC301 and its right channel counterpart IC302 are socketed in through-hole packages to facilitate field re- placement with simple tools.
Page 315: Dsp Circuit
During system initialization, the SC520 queries the DSP hardware about its opera- tional status and will display an error message on-screen if the DSP fails to initialize normally. Please note any such messages and be ready to report them to Orban Cus- tomer Service.
Page 316: Abbreviations
Because of safety and EMI suppression requirements in the power supply, there are no user-serviceable parts in it. In case of failure, replace the entire supply with an Orban-supplied replacement (Orban part number 29270.000.01), which ensures that your Optimod will continue to meet all regulatory requirements for safety and emis- sions.
Page 317 6-15 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA Federal Communications Commission (USA regulatory agency) FDNR frequency-dependent negative resistor⎯an element used in RC-active filters field effect transistor fast Fourier transform FIFO first-in, first-out gain reduction HD Radio See IBOC high-frequency high-pass IBOC “In-Band On-Channel” — a form of digital radio commercialized by iBiquity Corporation where the digital carriers use a form of COFDM modulation and share the frequency alloca- tion of the analog carriers.
Page 318: Parts List
Consult the factory if the listing of a part includes the note “selected” or “realignment required.” Orban normally maintains an inventory of tested, exact replacement parts that can be supplied quickly at nominal cost. Standardized spare parts kits are also available.
Page 319 6-17 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA Control Board PART # DESCRIPTION COMPONENT, IDENTIFIER 24983.000.01 IC 7064STC100-10 27147.124.01 IC SOCKET DIP 24 PIN DUAL SU12 24331.033.01 IC VOLTAGE REGULATOR LT1963-3.3 SOT223 20233.472.01 RESISTOR NETWORK 4.7K CTS745C RN1, RN2, RN3, RN4 8R BUSS 21136.010.01 CAPACITOR SMT 1206 10PF 5 24331.025.01...
Page 320: Combined Input/Output And Dsp (I/O+Dsp) Board
6-18 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si Control Board PART # DESCRIPTION COMPONENT, IDENTIFIER R76, R77, R80, R82 28091.000.01 XTAL 25MHZ RXD MP35L SMD 24979.000.01 IC BAT54C-7 CR11, CR12 24900.000.01 IC HEX INVERTER SMT U23, U24 22209.000.01 DIODE SCHOTTKY 1A 60V SMD CR6, CR7, CR8, CR9 22101.001.01...
Page 321 6-19 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA I/O+DSP BOARD PART # DESCRIPTION COMPONENT, IDENTIFIER 24516.000.01 IC ICS501MLF IC400 24681.000.01 IC PCM1798DB D/A CNVRTR IC401 24843.000.01 IC CD74HC4046AM 16-SOIC IC1104 29552.000.01 INDUCTOR POWER 1.5UH 9A SMD L1201, L1202 24348.000.01 IC REG SYNC BUCK CLK 4A IC1201, IC1202 21329.000.01 CAPACITOR TANTALUM 47uF 6.3V...
Page 322 6-20 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si I/O+DSP BOARD PART # DESCRIPTION COMPONENT, IDENTIFIER 27408.003.01 CONNECTOR 3PIN SOCKET STRIP SL203, SL204, SL205, SL206, SL303, SL304, SL305, SL306 21138.247.01 CAPACITOR SMD1206 4700PF 50V 5% C217, C218, C219, C220, C1229, C1230 21139.000.01 CAPACITOR X7R 0.1UF 10% 0805...
Page 323 6-21 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA I/O+DSP BOARD PART # DESCRIPTION COMPONENT, IDENTIFIER 29537.102.01 INDUCTOR 0805 FERRITE 1000 OHM L1001, L1002, L1003, L1004, L1101, L1102, L1103 20129.604.01 RESISTOR 0805 604 OHM 1% 1/8W (R201, R202, NO, STUFF) 29508.210.01 FLTR EMI SUPPRESS 100V 10 L203, L204, L205, L206, L303, L304, L305, L306 29506.001.01...
Page 324 6-22 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si I/O+DSP BOARD PART # DESCRIPTION COMPONENT, IDENTIFIER C620, C621, C622, C623, C624, C625, C626, C627, C628, C629, C630, C631, C632, C633, C634, C635, C636, C637, C638, C639, C640, C641, C642, C643, C644, C645, C646, C647, C648, C649,...
Page 325: Composite/Sca Daughterboard
6-23 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA I/O+DSP BOARD PART # DESCRIPTION COMPONENT, IDENTIFIER 20129.768.01 RESISTOR 1/8W 1% 768 OHM 0805 R225, R226 20129.249.01 RESISTOR 1/8W 1% 249 OHM 0805 R255, R256, R257, R258, R259 20129.150.01 RESISTOR 1/8W 1% 150 OHM 0805 R253, R254, R507, R508, R509, R1105 20128.499.01...
Page 326: Drawings
6-24 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si 27380.020.01 CONNECTOR HEADER .100 1X20 GLD J2, J3, 27379.020.01 CONNECTOR RCPT .100 1X20 GLD P2, P3 27403.006.01 CONNECTOR HSNG DOUBLE ROW 6 P202 20226.000.01 RESISTOR NET DIL 2% 100 OHM RP1, RP2, (DO, NOT, USE, DATE, CODE, 9206) 21176.000.01...
Page 327 6-25 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA Function Description Drawing Page DSP Chips; Local regulators. Contains: Interconnects Schematic 1 of 12 6-35 L and R Analog Inputs Schematic 2 of 12 6-36 L and R Analog Outputs Schematic 3 of 12 6-37 Composite And Pilot Reference Schematic 4a of 12 6-38...
Page 329 6-27 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA WARNING: INPUT/OUTPUT PARTS SECTION UNDER SHIELD ARE EXPOSED TO AC LINE CONTROL INPUT/OUTPUT+DSP BOARD BOARD POWER SUPPLY DSP SECTION DISPLAY ASSEMBLY...
Page 330 6-28 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si CONTROL BOARD PARTS LOCATOR...
Page 331 6-29 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA C4 4 10UF +3.3 V C4 5 10.0 K 0.1 UF S Y S TE M_RE S E T- N (S HT 5) U1 6 U5 MIC8 115TU +3.3 V U1 B S C5 20 MR- n V CC C2 0...
Page 332 6-30 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si MD[0..3 1] MA[0..1 2] U2 A MT4 8LC1 6 U3 A MT4 8LC1 6 U1 A S C5 20 V 26 MA12 MA12 MD1 5 MA12 MD3 1 MA12 DQ1 5 DQ1 5 U2 6...
Page 333 6-31 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA +3.3 V P CI_ AD[0..3 1] RNE T4 .7 K +3.3 V U1 C S C5 20 U1 0A DP 83816AV NG +3.3 V P CI_ AD3 1 P CI_ AD3 1 RE Q4 AD3 1 AD3 1 P CI_ AD3 0 P CI_ AD3 0...
Page 334 6-32 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si P WRGOOD +3.3 V (S HT2 ) +3.3 V R4 3 R4 4 R4 5 R4 6 100K 100K 100K 0 OHM R2 6 U1 D S C5 20 (NO- S TUFF) 4.7 5K...
Page 335 6-33 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA +3.3 V U1 0B DP 83816AV NG +3.3 V +3.3 V (NO- S TUFF) +3.3 V U2 B MT4 8LC1 6 U3 B MT4 8LC1 6 U4 B E 28F1 28 C2 01 RE S E RV E D 1.0 UF RE S E RV E D V S S...
Page 336 6-34 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si 5700/8600S I/O-DSP BOARD PARTS LOCATOR DRAWING 32370.860.01...
Page 337 6-35 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA IRQB- N DSP CONTROL INTERFACE I/O CONTROL INTERFACE 62370.000.04.1_Sheet07.SchDoc 62370.000.04.1_Sheet10.SchDoc IRQB- N DSP _RST- N EXTAL DSP _RST- N IRQB- N DSP _RST- N DSP _RST- N START START START SSI _DO MI SC_CS- N SSI _DO SSI _DO MI SC_CS- N...
Page 338 6-36 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si R233 R245 J201 FEM ALE L203 C201 3.65K 1.50K SOCK ET FILTER 47PF IC2 01A L201 0.1% R203 L207 R215 8-DI P 5%,100V IND 1K C205 E201 1200µH 47PF 5%,100V 1000PF C207 OP A2134P A...
Page 339 6-37 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA L307 +5VA C303 J301 MALE L303 FILTER R331 L311 R335 1.0UF AGND 1200µH L301 C302 C306 IC301 1000PF IND 1K R339 C323 C327 DRV134PA 1.0UF 0.1UF +15V SOCK ET 8-DI P C321 C305 R311 R307 R317 LEFT / 1 8.45K...
Page 340 6-38 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si R407 R411 R415 COM POSITE D/A CONVERTER 2.10K 2.10K 3.48K C423 R419 IC401 +5VA 82.5K 22PF MONO VCC2L C403 IC4 03A IC4 05A C408 10UF 0.1UF CHSL AGND3L AGND5 OP A2134UA OP A2134UA IOUTL-...
Page 341 6-39 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA 8600S I/O BOARD: COMPOSITE/SCA DAUGHTERBOARD SHEET 4b of 12 62310.000.02.1...
Page 342 6-40 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si IC503B IC503A REF_M CLK REF_M CLK REF_M CLK (SHT11) REF_MCLK RCKIB RCKIA IN_FCLK IN_FCLK OUT_FCLK (SHT11) IN_FCLK LRCKIB LRCKOB LRCKIA LRCKOA IN_BCLK OUT_BCLK BCKIB BCKOB BCKIA BCKOA IN_BCLK DIN1_DATA (SHT11) DOUT1_DATA (SHT11) IN_BCLK SDINB...
Page 343 6-41 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA (5500 NO-STUF F) (5500 NO-STUF F) IC601A IC602A IC603A IN_FCLK FSY NC FSY NC (SHT11) IN_FCLK FSR_0/PC1_0 FST_0/PC4_0 FSR_0/PC1_0 FST_0/PC4_0 FSR_0/PC1_0 FST_0/PC4_0 IN_BCLK BCLK BCLK (SHT11) IN_BCLK SCKR_0/PC0_0 SCKT_0/PC3_0 SCKR_0/PC0_0 SCKT_0/PC3_0 SCKR_0/PC0_0 SCKT_0/PC3_0 HCKR_0/PC2_0/SRCK HCKT_0/PC5_0/STCLK HCKR_0/PC2_0/SRCK HCKT_0/PC5_0/STCLK HCKR_0/PC2_0/SRCK...
Page 344 6-42 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si IC601B IC602B (5500 NO-STUF F) IC603B (5500 NO-STUF F) EXTAL EXTAL EXTAL EXTAL (SHT11) EXTAL EXTAL XTAL EXTAL XTAL EXTAL XTAL PINIT/NMI0 PINIT/NMI0 PINIT/NMI0 +3.3V +3.3V +3.3V DSP _RST- N DSP _RST- N DSP _RST- N...
Page 345 6-43 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA IC601C IC602C (5500 NO-STUF F) IC603C (5500 NO-STUF F) LAD0/PA0 LALE LAD0/PA0 LALE LAD0/PA0 LALE LAD1/PA1 LAD1/PA1 LAD1/PA1 LAD2/PA2 LCS0 LAD2/PA2 LCS0 LAD2/PA2 LCS0 LAD3/PA3 LCS1 LAD3/PA3 LCS1 LAD3/PA3 LCS1 LAD4/PA4 LCS2 LAD4/PA4 LCS2 LAD4/PA4 LCS2 LAD5/PA5 LCS3...
Page 346 6-44 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si IC601D IC602D (5500 NO-STUF F) IC603D (5500 NO-STUF F) +3.3V +3.3V +3.3V C607 C608 C609 IO_GND IO_VDD IO_GND IO_VDD IO_GND IO_VDD 0.01UF 0.01UF 0.01UF IO_GND IO_VDD IO_GND IO_VDD IO_GND IO_VDD C619 C620 C621 IO_GND...
Page 347 6-45 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA +3.3V L1001 HZ0805G102R-10 +3.3V CR1001 C1019 IC501D IC SRC4382I PFB C1025 DI MRB0530 C1026 0.1UF +3.3V DGND IC1001 0.1UF 0.1UF IC501C R1001 2 OHM SCL/CCLK GPO1 R1007 A0/CS GPO2 A1/CDIN GPO3 0 OHM SDA/CDOUT GPO4 VDD33 SEL _L -N (SHT11)
Page 348 6-46 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si IC1 103 RXCKO_1 IC606_SDO2_1 (SHT5) (SHT6) RXCKO_1 I0 (429) I0 (3) IC606_SDO2_1 RX_LRCK_1 IC606_SDO2_3 (SHT5) (SHT6) RX_LRCK_1 I0 (426) I0 (6) IC606_SDO2_3 RX_BCLK_1 IC605_SDO5_3 (SHT5) (SHT6) RX_BCLK_1 I0 (423) I0 (9) IC605_SDO5_3 DIN1_DATA IC605_SDO4_3...
Page 349 6-47 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA FROM POW ER SUPPLY TO CONTROL PCA C1227 R1201 TP1205 (NO-STUFF) IC1201 2 OHM 0.01UF J1203 J1201 C1209 C1219 SS/TRCK +3.3V 1.0UF 0.1UF L 1201 C1239 C1240 TP1203 (NO-STUFF) PVIN C1235 10UF 0.1UF +3.3V R1203 2 OHM 1.5uH C1201 HDR 2...
Page 350 6-48 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si FRONT REAR FRONT PANEL PARTS LOCATOR DIAGRAM 32275.000.09...
Page 351 6-49 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA IC7C IC7F ROW0 COL7 ROW1 COL6 ROW2 COL5 ROW3 COL4 RCPT,1X10 .1 74HC14A 74HC14A ROW4 COL3 ROW5 COL2 ROW26 IC7D COL22 COL14 ROW6 COL1 ROW27 COL16 COL13 ROW7 COL0 ROW28 COL23 COL12 ROW29 COL17 COL11 RES_NET ROW9 74HC14A...
Page 352 6-50 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si CR17 HDR 2_RA CR1A CR1B CR1C CR1D CR1E CR1F CR1G CR1H CR1I CR1J CR2A CR2B CR2C CR2D CR2E CR2F LED BI-COLOR FP_ROW0 FP_ROW1 FP_ROW2 HDR 1X10 .1 +5V_FP FP_ROW3 FP_ROW26 FP_ROW27 FP_COL22 FP_COL14 FP_ROW28...
Page 353 6-51 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA P4-1 and P4-2 provide GND to gnd plane on front bd. There is no other connection to GND on the front bd to the plane. IC7C IC7F 74HC14A 74HC14A IC7D RES_NET 74HC14A D[0..7] D[0..7] 100 OHM 74AC574 74FCT574 IC7E...
Page 354 6-52 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si...
Page 355 6-53 OPTIMOD-FM DIGITAL TECHNICAL DATA...
Page 356 6-54 TECHNICAL DATA ORBAN MODEL 8600Si...

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