Page 1 Noise Figure Analyzers NFA Series Performance Verification and Calibration Guide The specifications in this manual are applicable to models having Serial Prefix GB4446 and greater. Manufacturing Part Number: N8973-90012 January 2011 Supersedes November 2004 © Copyright 2004 - 2011 Agilent Technologies...
Page 2 Safety Notices The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Agilent Technologies makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
Page 3 REMOVE POWER and do not use the product until safe operation can be verified by service-trained personnel. If necessary, return the product to an Agilent Technologies Sales and Service Office for service and repair to ensure the safety features are maintained.
Page 4 WARNING This is a Safety Class 1 Product (provided with a protective earth ground incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protected earth contact. Any interruption of the protective conductor inside or outside of the product is likely to make the product dangerous.
Page 5 Lifting and Carrying Use the handle for lifting or carrying the unit. Before attempting to lift or carry the instrument consider the following basic lifting techniques to help avoid personal injury. Using one arm to lift instrument. • BRACE your body with the opposite arm, if possible. •...
Page 6 Declaration of Conformity A copy of the Manufacturer’s European Declaration of Conformity for this instrument can be obtained by contacting your local Agilent Technologies sales representative. Declaration of Compliance This instrument has been designed and tested in accordance with CAN/CSA 22.2 No.
Page 7: Table Of Contents
Contents 1. Preparing for Calibration and Performance Verification Test Purpose of Tests ........... . .2 Calibration Cycle .
Page 8 Contents Test Procedure ........... 28 Frequency Accuracy .
Page 9 Contents Test Description ..........72 Test Specification .
Page 10 Contents Input VSWR Test Record ......... . . 107 Frequency Accuracy Test Record .
Page 11 Contents Input VSWR Test Record..........131 Frequency Accuracy Test Record .
Page 12 Contents Precision 7mm Connectors ........153 Sexed Connectors.
Page 13: Preparing For Calibration And Performance Verification Test
Preparing for Calibration and Performance Verification Test This chapter covers preparation and equipment required for doing the calibration and performance verification tests.
Page 14: Purpose Of Tests
Purpose of Tests Purpose of Tests The calibration and performance test procedures verify the electrical performance of the Agilent Technologies N8973A, N8974A and N8975A series of Noise Figure Analyzers (NFAs) in accordance with their published specifications. NOTE You do not need to access the interior of the instrument to perform the tests.
Page 15: Calibration Cycle
Preparing for Calibration and Performance Verification Test Calibration Cycle Calibration Cycle The analyzer requires periodic verification of operational performance. Under normal use and environmental conditions, the instrument should be calibrated at 12 month intervals. The tables on the following pages list the tests required to perform the annual calibration, thus periodically verifying the instruments performance.
Page 16: Before You Start
Preparing for Calibration and Performance Verification Test Before You Start Before You Start Switch on the Noise Figure Analyzer and let it warm up for 1 hour. Read the rest of this section before you start any of the tests, and make a copy of the relevant test records for the model you are testing provided in Appendices A through C.
Page 17: Front And Rear Panel Symbols
Preparing for Calibration and Performance Verification Test Front and Rear Panel Symbols Front and Rear Panel Symbols This symbol is used to indicate power ON (green LED). This symbol is used to indicate power STANDBY mode (yellow LED). This symbol indicates the input power required is AC. The instruction documentation symbol.
Page 18: Recording The Test Results
Preparing for Calibration and Performance Verification Test Recording the Test Results Recording the Test Results Performance verification test records for each Noise Figure Analyzer are provided in the section following the tests. Each test result is identified as a TR (test record) entry in the performance tests and in Appendix pertaining to the model you are testing.
Page 19: Recommended Test Equipment
Preparing for Calibration and Performance Verification Test Recommended Test Equipment Recommended Test Equipment The following tables list the recommended test equipment for the performance tests. The tables also list recommended equipment for the Noise Figure Analyzer adjustment procedures. When performing the performance test manually any recommended equipment that meets the critical specifications given in the table can be substituted for the recommended model when manually testing.
Page 20 Preparing for Calibration and Performance Verification Test Recommended Test Equipment Table 1-1 Recommended Test Equipment Equipment description Critical specification for equipment Recommended substitution model Ω 3.5mm Calibration Kit 85052D Impedance: 50 Frequency Band: 3 GHz to 26.5 GHz UUT: N8974A and N8975A Synthesized Sweeper Frequency Range: 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz 83620/30/40/50B...
Page 21 Preparing for Calibration and Performance Verification Test Recommended Test Equipment Table 1-2 Recommended Accessories, Adaptors and Cables Equipment description Critical specification for equipment Recommended substitution model BNC Lead (X 2) Length 122 cm (48 in.), Frequency 10 MHz 10503A Cable 50 Type N (M to M) 11500C Frequency Band: 3 GHz to 26.5 GHz...
Page 22 Preparing for Calibration and Performance Verification Test Recommended Test Equipment Table 1-3 Recommended Torque Settings Type Description Precision 12 lb-in (136 N-cm.) Precision 8 lb-in (90 N-cm) 3.5mm 5 lb-in (56 N-cm) Use the SMA wrench to connect male SMA connectors to female precision 3.5min connectors. Connections of male precision 3.5mm.
Page 23: Performance Verification And Adjustment Procedures
Table 1-4. If the performance verification tests fail and no calibration adjustment procedure is available, the instrument must be returned to Agilent Technologies for repair. Please contact your local Agilent Technologies Customer Sales and Service Office for replacement parts or repair service information.
Page 24 Preparing for Calibration and Performance Verification Test Performance Verification and Adjustment Procedures Chapter 1...
Page 25: Test Descriptions
Test Descriptions This chapter descibes each test required for calibration and performance verification.
Page 26: 10 Mhz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy
Test Descriptions 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Description The test applies to NFAs with either the standard 10 MHz frequency reference or 10 MHz precision frequency reference (Option 1D5). The test measures both the frequency reference accuracy and the ability to set the timebase.
Page 27: Required Test Equipment
Test Descriptions 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Required Test Equipment Table 2-1 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Equipment Equipment description Critical specification for equipment Recommended model substitution Universal Counter Time Interval Range: 25ms to 100ms 53132A Single Operation Range: +2.5 to -2.5Vdc Frequency Standard Frequency: 10 MHz Timebase Accuracy 5071A...
Page 28: Test Procedure
Test Descriptions 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Procedure NOTE The NFA must be on and in internal frequency mode for at least 1 hour before you start the test. NOTE Throughout the 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Procedure the term ‘the Worksheet’...
Page 29 Test Descriptions 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy 8. On Channel 1, press until Auto Trig is displayed. Trigger/Sensitivity 9. Use the arrow keys ( ) to toggle to Off. —> 10. Press Freq Ratio Step 5. When the Universal Counter reading has stabilized, record the reading in the Worksheet as Counter Reading 1 with 0.1 Hz resolution.
Page 30 Test Descriptions 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Step 13. Compare the Positive Frequency Change and Negative Frequency Change values recorded in the Worksheet and record the largest value in the Worksheet as the Maximum Frequency Change. Step 14. Divide the Maximum Frequency Change by 2 (Maximum Frequency Change/2) and record the result as the settability in the Worksheet.
Page 31 Test Descriptions 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Table 2-2 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Worksheet Description Calculations Measurement Counter Reading 1 Reading ________________Hz Counter Reading 2 Reading ________________Hz Counter Reading 3 Reading ________________Hz Positive Frequency Change = Counter Reading 2 - Counter Reading 1 ________________Hz Negative Frequency Change =...
Page 32: 10 Mhz Out Frequency Reference Adjustment
Test Descriptions 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Adjustment 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Adjustment Test Description The adjustment applies to NFAs with both the standard 10 MHz frequency reference and 10 MHz precision frequency reference (Option 1D5). The adjustment is performed by calculating the actual frequency error in Hertz from Counter Reading 1 given in the 10 MHz Reference Accuracy Test (see page 14).
Page 33: Test Setup
Test Descriptions 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Adjustment Test Setup Before starting the 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Adjustment, connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2-2. Figure 2-2 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Adjustment Test Setup BNC Cable NOISE FIGURE 10 MHz FREQUENCY ANALYZER...
Page 34 Test Descriptions 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Adjustment Step 1. Note Counter Reading 1 for the 10 MHz Reference Accuracy Test and calculate the actual error in Hertz. Actual Error = 10 MHz - Counter Reading 1 Step 2. With the actual error calculated, determine which DAC setting to adjust from the table below.
Page 35 Test Descriptions 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Adjustment Step 4. Wait for the frequency counter reading to stabilize and ensure that the adjusted value is within the published specification. Repeat the adjustment procedure until the correct value is obtained. Step 5. Press from the sub-menu to ensure that the values are stored in Save...
Page 36: Input Vswr
Test Descriptions Input VSWR Input VSWR Test Description The Input VSWR test measures the worst case VSWR over each of the specified frequency bands detailed in the Table 2-1 on page 24. The test measures VSWR directly from the Network Analyzer, however the conversion below can be used if measuring return loss.
Page 37 Test Descriptions Input VSWR Table 2-5 VSWR Frequency Test Bands N8973A N8974A N8975A PART 5 • • CAL VNA 3.0 GHz - 6.7 OR 26.5 GHz PART 6 • • TEST VSWR 3.0 GHz -6.7 GHz PART 7 • TEST VSWR 6.7 GHz -20.0 GHz PART 8 •...
Page 38: Vswr Test Specification
Test Descriptions Input VSWR VSWR Test Specification N8973A N8974A N8975A 10 MHz to 500 MHz < 1.5:1 < 1.5:1 < 1.5:1 > 500 MHz to 1500 MHz < 1.7:1 < 1.7:1 < 1.7:1 > 1500 MHz to 3000 MHz < 1.8:1 <...
Page 39 Test Descriptions Input VSWR Table 2-6 Test Equipment required for Input VSWR test Equipment description Critical specification for Recommended model equipment substitution Ω 3.5mm Calibration Kit 85052D Impedance: 50 Frequency Band: 3 GHz to 26.5 GHz UUT: N8974A and N8975A Cable 50 N Type (M to M) 11500C...
Page 40: Test Setup
Test Descriptions Input VSWR Test Setup Figure 2-3 Input VSWR: Equipment Connection VECTOR NETWORK ANALYZER 1 Adapter 2 (if Applicable) Port 1 Adapter 1 (if Applicable) Cable 1 Test Procedure NOTE Throughout the Input VSWR Test Procedure the term ‘the Test Record’ refers to the Input VSWR Test Record detailed in the relevant Appendix for the model number being tested.
Page 41 Test Descriptions Input VSWR Calibrating the Vector Network Analyzer 1 from 10 MHz to 3 GHz Step 1. Press the key on the Network Analyzer. Preset Step 2. Set the Active Channel to 1 (press Chan 1 Step 3. Set the measurement mode to S11 (press the Meas key and Reflection...
Page 42 Test Descriptions Input VSWR Step 9. Select the relevant calibration kit in use from the Cal menu, as the calibration kit selection is dependant on the NFA being tested (press the key, Calibration Kit selection and Return NOTE The connector type applies to the test port or adaptor if fitted and not the NFA under test.
Page 43 Test Descriptions Input VSWR Measuring VSWR from 10 MHz to 500 MHz Step 1. Connect the test equipment as shown in Figure 2-4 on page 29. Step 2. Set the Network Analyzer Start/Stop frequencies from 10 MHz to 500 MHz. Press the key then then press the...
Page 44 Test Descriptions Input VSWR Measuring VSWR from 500 MHz to 1500 MHz Step 1. Connect the test equipment as shown in Figure 2-4 on page 29. Step 2. Set the Network Analyzer Start/Stop frequencies from 500 MHz to 1500 MHz. Press the Start key and then...
Page 45 Test Descriptions Input VSWR Measuring VSWR from 1500 MHz to 3000 MHz Step 1. Connect the test equipment as shown in Figure 2-4 on page 29. Step 2. Set the Network Analyzer Start/Stop frequencies from 1.5 GHz to 3.0 GHz. Press the Start key then...
Page 46 Test Descriptions Input VSWR Calibrating the Vector Network Analyzer 2 from 3 GHz to 6.7 GHz or 26.5 Step 1. Press the Preset key on the Vector Network Analyzer. Step 2. Set the Active Channel to 1 (press Chan 1 Step 3.
Page 47 Test Descriptions Input VSWR Step 9. As the calibration kit selection is dependant on the NFA being tested, select the relevant calibration kit in use from the Cal menu (press the key, Calibration Kit selection and Return NOTE The connector type applies to the test port or adaptor if fitted and not the NFA under test.
Page 48 Test Descriptions Input VSWR MHz to 6700 MHz. Press the key and then then press the key and Start 3,., 0 G/n; Stop NOTE Ensure the VNA functions are both set to Correction Interpol Step 3. Set the fixed frequency of the NFA to 5000 MHz (press the Frequency/Points and then Fixed Freq...
Page 49 Test Descriptions Input VSWR Measuring Input VSWR from 20000 MHz to 26500 MHz Step 1. Connect the test equipment as shown in Figure 2-6 on page 35. Step 2. Set the Network Analyzer Start/Stop to measure the DUT’s input VSWR from 20000 MHz to 26500 MHz.
Page 50: Frequency Accuracy
Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Frequency Accuracy Test Description The NFA filter shape is asymmetrical. The center frequency is defined at the half power level under the curve. The frequency accuracy tests are performed by measuring selected P points along the filter curvature. The half power value of the measurements is then calculated.
Page 51: Related Adjustment
Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Related Adjustment None Required Test Equipment Table 2-7 Equipment required for Frequency Accuracy test Equipment description Critical specification for equipment Recommended model substitution Synthesized Sweeper Frequency Range: 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz 83620/30/40/50B Option (see note) 001 and 008 Frequency Accuracy (CW): 0.02% Power Level Range: -55dBm...
Page 52: Test Setup
Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Test Setup Figure 2-7 Frequency Accuracy test setup BNC Cable SYNTHESIZED NOISE FIGURE FREQUENCY SWEEPER Ref In ANALYZER Ref In STANDARD 10 MHz Input RF Output Adapter 2 Adapter 1 RF Cable Test Procedure NOTE Throughout the Frequency Accuracy Test Procedure the term ‘the Worksheet’ refers to the Frequency Accuracy Test Worksheet on page 45 and the term ‘the Test Record’...
Page 53 Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Step 3. Set the NFA as follows: 1. On the NFA ensure that the preset is set to the factory settings (press the System key and More Power On/Preset Power On (Preset) Preset (Factory) 2. Press the key and wait for the preset routine to complete.
Page 54 Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Step 9. Once the single sweep is complete set the NFA to autorange (press the Scale Autoscale Step 10. Before obtaining the P measurements and performing the calculations ensure that the filter shape is similar to the one relating to the bandwidth in Figure 2-8 and Figure 2-9.
Page 55 Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Figure 2-8 Typical 4 MHz bandwidth filter shape Figure 2-9 Typical 100 KHz bandwidth filter shape Chapter 2...
Page 56 Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Step 12. Perform the frequency accuracy calculations either using a spreadsheet such as ® Microsoft Excel (see page 49), or manually (see page 50). Step 13. Repeat steps 4 to 12 above for the remaining frequencies, spans and bandwidths as listed in the data into the Test Record.
Page 57 Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Table 2-8 Frequency Accuracy Test Worksheet Frequency Summed Frequency Summed Frequency Summed (MHz) Phot (MHz) Phot reading (MHz) Phot reading (dB) reading (dB) Equation 1 (dB) Equation 1 Equation 1 Chapter 2...
Page 58 Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Table 2-8 Frequency Accuracy Test Worksheet Frequency Summed Frequency Summed Frequency Summed (MHz) Phot (MHz) Phot reading (MHz) Phot reading (dB) reading (dB) Equation 1 (dB) Equation 1 Equation 1 Chapter 2...
Page 59 Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Table 2-8 Frequency Accuracy Test Worksheet Frequency Summed Frequency Summed Frequency Summed (MHz) Phot (MHz) Phot reading (MHz) Phot reading (dB) reading (dB) Equation 1 (dB) Equation 1 Equation 1 Chapter 2...
Page 60 Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Table 2-8 Frequency Accuracy Test Worksheet Frequency Summed Frequency Summed Frequency Summed (MHz) Phot (MHz) Phot reading (MHz) Phot reading (dB) reading (dB) Equation 1 (dB) Equation 1 Equation 1 Center Frequency: _______ MHz Bandwidth: _______ MHz Span: _______ MHz Equation:...
Page 61 Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Performing the frequency accuracy calculations using the CSV file in a spreadsheet The following procedure uses Microsoft Excel. Step 1. Open Excel. Step 2. Open the .csv file from the A: drive. From the menu select File Open Look in:...
Page 62 Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Step 6. Use Cells D1 to D201 as a look up reference and find the cell, which closest matches the ½ Power Reading in cell D202. The corresponding frequency in Column A is given as the center frequency point. Enter the reading into the appropriate column in the Test Record.
Page 63 Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Figure 2-12 Example 2-2 summed P for reading 1 to reading 6 Step 2. Calculate the half power level from the data as shown in Figure 2-12. Equation: ½ Power = Summed P Reading 201 / 2 Step 3.
Page 64: Noise Source Supply Accuracy
Test Descriptions Noise Source Supply Accuracy Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Description The Noise Source Supply Accuracy test verifies that the noise source drive supply meets the published specifications. A Digital Multimeter is connected to the +28V noise source supply BNC connection. The supply is then tested in the on and off states.
Page 65: Test Setup
Test Descriptions Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Setup Figure 2-13 Equipment setup for Noise Source Supply Accuracy test DIGITAL MULTIMETER NOISE FIGURE ANALYZER +28V Noise Source Supply BNC Cable Adapter on (2 Wire) HI/LO Test Procedure NOTE Throughout the Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Procedure the term ‘the Test Record’...
Page 66 Test Descriptions Noise Source Supply Accuracy Step 8. Set the noise source on (press the key, then . Press System More More Service ). Press then enter the service password -2010. Noise Source On Enter Password Press then Enter Service Noise Source On Step 9.
Page 67: Noise Figure Range And Accuracy
Test Descriptions Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Description A precision step attenuator, calibrated at 50 MHz with an accuracy of 0.010dB, is used as an external standard to measure the NFA’s Noise Figure Range and Accuracy over a 22dB range.
Page 68: Required Test Equipment
Test Descriptions Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Required Test Equipment Table 2-11 Noise Figure Range and Accuracy test equipment Equipment description Critical specification for equipment Recommended model substitution Synthesized Sweeper Frequency Range: 50 MHz 83620/30/40/50B Option 001 and 008 Frequency Accuracy (CW): 0.02% Power Level Range: -54dBm to -65dBm Attenuator/Switch Compatible with 8494G/H Programmable step...
Page 69: Test Setup
Test Descriptions Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Setup Figure 2-14 Equipment required for Noise Figure Range and Accuracy test SYNTHESIZED NOISE FIGURE SWEEPER ANALYZER ATTENUATOR SWITCH DRIVER Input PRECISION 1dB Control Adapter 1 Adapter 2 STEP ATTENUATOR Cable Attenuator X RF Cable RF Cable Test Procedure...
Page 70 Test Descriptions Noise Figure Range and Accuracy 1. Ensure the LED is on. LOCAL 2. Set the attenuator to 0dB. The settings are as follows: Table 2-12 Switch Driver Attenuator Settings (1 = LED On, 0 = LED Off) Attenuator X 1dB Step Attenuator Step 4.
Page 71 Test Descriptions Noise Figure Range and Accuracy 7. Set the averaging to 101 (press the key and Averaging/Bandwidth Average Mode (Point) Averages Enter Averaging On 8. Select the display to meter mode (press the key and Format Format Meter 9. Fix the IF Gain (press the key then .
Page 72 Test Descriptions Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Table 2-13 Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Worksheet Attenuator Input Measured Range Actual Measured Step Size (dB) Level Phot (dB) (dB) Attenuation (dB) Attenuation (dB) (dBm) Equation 1 Equation 2 -54 Ref 1 Ref 1 Ref 1 Ref 1...
Page 73 Test Descriptions Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Table 2-13 Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Worksheet Attenuator Input Measured Range Actual Measured Step Size (dB) Level Phot (dB) (dB) Attenuation (dB) Attenuation (dB) (dBm) Equation 1 Equation 2 Equation 1 Range 0.125 = Metrology Data...
Page 74 Test Descriptions Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Table 2-14 4.5-6.5 dB Noise Source ENR Test Record Actual NF range 5 dB ENR - 10LOG (10^ (Actual Attenuation /10) -1) Measured NF range 5 dB ENR - 10LOG (10^ (Measured Attenuation /10) -1) Instrumentation Uncertainty: Actual NF - Measured NF...
Page 75: Gain Measurement Uncertainty
Test Descriptions Gain Measurement Uncertainty Gain Measurement Uncertainty NOTE You must perform the Noise Figure Range and Accuracy performance test (see page 55) before this test. Test Description The NFA uses internal IF attenuator values for measuring gain. The test comprises of an internal IF attenuator calibration.
Page 76: Test Specification
Test Descriptions Gain Measurement Uncertainty Figure 2-15 Typical Instrumentation Uncertainty for the range 30 to 70dB Test Specification Gain Measurement Uncertainty Range: -20 to >+40dB Instrumentation Uncertainty: ±< 0.17dB Related Adjustment None Chapter 2...
Page 77: Required Test Equipment
Test Descriptions Gain Measurement Uncertainty Required Test Equipment Table 2-17 Equipment required for Gain Measurement Uncertainty test Equipment description Critical specification for equipment Recommended model substitution Synthesized Sweeper Frequency Range: 50 MHz 83620/30/40/50B Option 001 and 008 Frequency Accuracy (CW): 0.02% Power Level Range: -46 dBm Adapter 1 N8973A N Type (M) to 3.5mm (F)
Page 78: Test Procedure
Test Descriptions Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Procedure NOTE Throughout the Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Procedure the term ‘the Worksheet’ refers to the Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Worksheet 1 on page 68 or Worksheet 2 on page 70, and the term ‘the Test Record’ refers to the Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record detailed in the relevant Appendix for the model number being tested.
Page 79 Test Descriptions Gain Measurement Uncertainty Step 9. Convert the delta ratios to dB error values using 10*LOG (Delta reading from index 1 to 71). Enter the value in the Worksheet No. 1. Example: Index 16 = 1.004545 = 10 * LOG (1.004545) = 0.019694dB Step 10.
Page 80 Test Descriptions Gain Measurement Uncertainty Table 2-18 Gain Measurement Uncertainty Worksheet 1 Index Delta Ratio Error (dB) Index Delta Ratio Error (dB) Chapter 2...
Page 81 Test Descriptions Gain Measurement Uncertainty Table 2-18 Gain Measurement Uncertainty Worksheet 1 Index Delta Ratio Error (dB) Index Delta Ratio Error (dB) Chapter 2...
Page 82 Test Descriptions Gain Measurement Uncertainty Table 2-19 Gain Measurement Uncertainty Worksheet 2 Index Range Measured Range Peak-Peak (dB) Instrumentation Uncertainty (dB) 1 - 41 0 - 40 2 - 42 1 - 41 3 - 43 2 - 42 4 - 44 3 - 43 5 - 45 4 - 44...
Page 83 Test Descriptions Gain Measurement Uncertainty Table 2-19 Gain Measurement Uncertainty Worksheet 2 Index Range Measured Range Peak-Peak (dB) Instrumentation Uncertainty (dB) 23 - 63 22 - 62 24 - 64 23 - 63 25 - 65 24 - 64 26 - 66 25 - 65 27 - 67 26 - 66...
Page 84: Instrument Noise Figure
Test Descriptions Instrument Noise Figure Instrument Noise Figure Test Description A noise source is connected to the NFA's input. The instrument then measures its own uncorrected noise figure. For test purposes the NFA is tested at the most accurate 20-26°C performance specification. Test Specification N8973A 10 MHz to 3000 MHz...
Page 85 Test Descriptions Instrument Noise Figure Figure 2-17 Typical plots with limit lines for the N8973A Chapter 2...
Page 86 Test Descriptions Instrument Noise Figure Figure 2-18 Typical plots with limit lines for the N8974A Figure 2-19 Typical plots with limit lines for the N8975A Chapter 2...
Page 87 Test Descriptions Instrument Noise Figure Related Adjustment None Required Test Equipment Table 2-20 Required equipment for Instrument Noise Figure Test Equipment description Critical specification for equipment Recommended model substitution Noise source Frequency Range: 10 MHz to 3 GHz 346A standard or Option Typical ENR: 4.5 - 6.5 dB Connection: 3.5 mm (M) or N Type Noise source...
Page 88 Test Descriptions Instrument Noise Figure Test Setup Figure 2-20 Instrument Noise Figure Test Setup N8973A Type N 346A Opt 001 NOISE FIGURE ANALYZER Insert ENR Disk and Load from A: Adapter N8974A 3.5mm Load ENR Data from C: Std. 346A Input +28V Noise Source Supply...
Page 89 Step 4. Load the noise source ENR calibration file from diskette (A:) or from the NFA’s internal memory (C:). Alternatively, create an ENR file from the data supplied on the noise source label (refer to the Noise Figure Analyzers NFA Series User's Guide for more details). Do not calibrate the source. The NFA should display in the active window.
Page 90 Test Descriptions Instrument Noise Figure 6. Set the stop frequency dependant on the NFA’s upper frequency range. For the N8973A set the stop frequency to 3.0 GHz (press Stop For the N8974A set the stop frequency to 6.7 GHz (press Stop For the N8975A set the stop frequency to 26.5 GHz (press Stop...
Page 91 Test Descriptions Instrument Noise Figure Figure 2-21 Specification limit line setup for N8973A Figure 2-22 Specification limit line setup for N8974A Chapter 2...
Page 92 Test Descriptions Instrument Noise Figure Figure 2-23 Specification limit line setup for N8975A 4. Display the limit line on the screen (press <—Prev key and then Display On Step 10. Ensure the trace is below the limit line and enter the overall pass/fail result within the Test Record.
Page 93 Test Descriptions Measurement Jitter Measurement Jitter Test Description A noise source is connected to the NFA's input. The Analyzer then measures linear Y-Factor over 100 samples. The standard deviation is then calculated using the "non-biased" or "n-1" method. STDEV uses the following formula: ⎛...
Page 94 Test Descriptions Measurement Jitter Required Test Equipment Table 2-21 Required equipment for Instrument Measurement Jitter Test Equipment description Critical specification for equipment Recommended model substitution Noise source Frequency Range: 1 GHz 346A Standard or option Typical ENR: 4 - 7dB Connection: 3.5 mm(M) or N Type(M) Adapter 3.5 mm Precision (F) to 3.5 mm(F)
Page 95 Step 4. Load the noise source diskette (A:) or from the NFA’s internal memory (C:). Alternatively, create an ENR file from the data supplied on the noise source label (refer to the Noise Figure Analyzers NFA Series User's Guide) for more details). Do not calibrate the source. The NFA should display...
Page 96 Test Descriptions Measurement Jitter ⎛ ⎞ ∑ ∑ – ⎝ ⎠ σ ---------------------------------------- - Equation 2-3 n n 1 – where n = number of samples, ∑ = sum, x = measured values Using an example result of approximately 2.5, the standard deviation can be calculated as follows.
Page 97 Test Descriptions Measurement Jitter Table 2-22 Example worksheet Y-Factor Y-Factor Y-Factor Y-Factor Reading (Lin) Reading (Lin) Reading (Lin) Reading (Lin) 1-10 11-20 81-90 91-100 2.51173 2.53236 2.51882 2.54814 2.52119 2.52459 2.52375 2.51989 2.53333 2.52733 2.54246 2.52309 2.50778 2.50358 2.52668 2.52371 2.51997 2.52640 2.53861...
Page 98 Test Descriptions Measurement Jitter Table 2-23 Measurement Jitter Test Worksheet Y-Factor Y-Factor Y-Factor Y-Factor Y-Factor Y-Factor Y-Factor Y-Factor Y-Factor Y-Factor Reading Reading Reading Reading Reading Reading Reading Reading Reading Reading (Lin) (Lin) (Lin) (Lin) (Lin) (Lin) (Lin) (Lin) (Lin) (Lin) 1-10 11-20 21-30...
Page 99 Technical Specifications Specifications apply over 0° C to +55° C unless otherwise stated. The Noise Figure Analyzer meets specification after 2 hours storage within the operating temperature range, 1 hour after the analyzer is turned on with ALIGNMENT running.
Page 100 Technical Specifications Frequency Frequency Frequency Range N8973A 10 MHz to 3 GHz N8974A 10 MHz to 6.7 GHz N8975A 10 MHz to 26.5 GHz Measurement N8973/4/5A 4 MHz, 2 MHz, 1 MHz, 400 KHz, 200 KHz, 100 KHz Bandwidth (nominal) Frequency Reference Standard...
Page 101 Technical Specifications Frequency Tuning Accuracy (Start, Stop, Centre, Marker) Frequency (MHz) Temperature (0 C - 55 At measurement bandwidth of 4 MHz 10 - 3000 ± Reference error + 100 kHz > 3000 - 26500 ± Reference error + 400 kHz At measurement bandwidth of <...
Page 102 Technical Specifications Noise Figure and Gain Noise Figure and Gain Performance is dependent on the ENR of the noise source used: N8973A Noise Source ENR N8974A (< 3.0 GHz), N8975A (< 3.0 GHz) 4 - 7 dB 12 - 17 dB 20 - 22 dB Noise Figure Measurement Range...
Page 103 Technical Specifications Noise Figure and Gain Instrument's own Noise Figure Frequency Noise Figure Noise Figure over a limited temperature range of 23 C ± 3 10 MHz to < 4.8 dB + (0.00124 * freq in MHz) < 4.4 dB + (0.00117 * freq in MHz) 3.0 GHz >...
Page 104 Technical Specifications Noise Figure and Gain Figure 3-2 Characteristic Noise Figure at 23°C ± 3°C (3.0 GHz to 26.5 GHz) Max external gain >65 dB between noise source output and RF input Averaging Up to 999 measurement results Jitter Jitter with no averaging 5 dB Y-factor standard deviation <0.15 dB 1.
Page 105 Technical Specifications RF Input RF Input Connector N8973A N female, 50Ω nominal N8974/5A APC 3.5 mm, 50Ω nominal (ESD sensitive) SWR (50 Ω reference) 10 MHz to > 500 MHz > 1.5 GHz 3.0 GHz to 6.7 GHz to 20.0 GHz to 500 MHz to 1.5 GHz to 3.0 GHz...
Page 106 Technical Specifications RF Input Figure 3-4 Characteristic SWR at 23° C (3.0 GHz to 26.5 GHz) Maximum -10 dBm Operating Input Note that this is the total wide-band noise power. Contributing factors are: Noise Power source ENR, external gain, noise figure, and bandwidth (including DUT). Maximum ±20Vdc;...
Page 107 Technical Specifications Measurement Measurement Sweep Number of points 2 to 401, or fixed frequency Setting Start/Stop, Center/Span, Frequency list of up to 401 points Sweep trigger Continuous or Single Measurement Speed (nominal) 8 averages 64 averages < 50 ms/measurement < 42 ms/measurement N8973A ≤...
Page 108 Technical Specifications Measurement Modes Amplifier Downconverter in DUT With fixed or variable IF Instrument can control an external LO via dedicated 'LO GPIB' connector Upconverter in DUT With fixed or variable IF Instrument can control an external LO via dedicated 'LO GPIB' connector System downconverter Allows the use of an external downconverting mixer as part of the measurement system.
Page 109 Technical Specifications Display Display Type 17cm color LCD panel Output format Graphical, table of values, or meter mode Display channels Number of markers Limit lines Upper and lower for each of 2 channels Display units Noise figure Noise figure (F dB), or as a ratio (F) Gain Gain (G dB), or as a ratio (G) Y-factor...
Page 110 Technical Specifications Connectivity Connectivity General GPIB IEEE-488 bus connector LO GPIB IEEE-488 bus connector dedicated to local oscillator control (SCPI or custom command set) Serial RS-232, 9-pin D-SUB male Printer 25-pin parallel D-Sub female, for connection with IEEE 1284 cable to a PCL3 or PCL5 compatible printer VGA Output 15-pin mini D-SUB female...
Page 111 Technical Specifications General Specifications General Specifications Data Storage Internal drive: 30 traces, states or ENR tables (nominal) Floppy disk: 30 traces, states or ENR tables Power On (line 1): 90 to 132 V rms, 47 to 440 Hz Requirements 195 to 250 V rms, 47 to 66 Hz Power consumption <300 W Standby (line 0): <5 W...
Page 112 Technical Specifications General Specifications Electromagnetic This product conforms with the protection requirements of European Council Compatibility Directive 89/336/EEC for Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). The conformity assessment requirements have been met using the technical Construction file route to compliance, using EMC test specifications EN 55011:1991 (Group 1, Class A) and EN 50082-1:1992.
Page 113 Technical Specifications General Specifications Specifications Supplemental Information Acoustic Noise Emission/Geraeuschemission LpA <70 dB LpA <70 dB Operator position Am Arbeitsplatz Normal position Normaler Betrieb Per ISO 7779 Nach DIN 45635 t.19 Chapter 3...
Page 114 Technical Specifications General Specifications Chapter 3...
Page 115 Model N8973A: Test Records This appendix provides test records for you to photocopy and use when working through each calibration and performance verification test on model N8973A.
Page 116 Model N8973A: Test Records 10MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Record 10MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Record Standard results: Description Measured Frequency (Hz) Specification (Hz) Pass/Fail Frequency Accuracy ± 20Hz Settability ± 5Hz Option 1D5 results: Description Measured Frequency (Hz) Specification (Hz) Pass/Fail Frequency Reference...
Page 117 Model N8973A: Test Records Input VSWR Test Record Input VSWR Test Record Measured Frequency Frequency at Maximum Specification Pass/Fail Range Max Measured Measured VSWR VSWR ≤ 1.5:1 10MHz to 500MHz ≤ 1.7:1 500MHz to 1500MHz ≤ 1.8:1 1500MHz to 3000 Hz Appendix A...
Page 118 Model N8973A: Test Records Frequency Accuracy Test Record Frequency Accuracy Test Record Frequency Frequency Selected Resolution Measured Specification Pass/Fail (MHz) Span Bandwidth (MHz) Center (MHz) (MHz) Frequency (MHz) 14.00 8.00 4.00 ± 10 kHz ± 100 kHz + x 30.00 8.00 4.00 ±...
Page 119 Model N8973A: Test Records Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Measured Voltage (V) Specification (V) Pass/Fail < 1.0 V < ± 0.1V Appendix A...
Page 120 Model N8973A: Test Records Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record Results: 4.5 - 6.5dB Noise Source ENR Input Range Actual Measured Noise Figure Instrument Specification Pass/ Level (dB) NF (dB) NF (dB) Measurement Uncertainty (dB)
Page 121 Model N8973A: Test Records Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record Results: 14 - 17dB Noise Source ENR Input Range Actual Measured Noise Figure Instrument Specification Pass Level (dB) NF (dB) NF (dB) Measurement Uncertainty (dB) /Fail (dBm) Range (dB) (dB) ----- 0.125...
Page 122 Model N8973A: Test Records Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record Results: 20 - 22dB Noise Source ENR Input Range Actual Measured Noise Figure Instrument Specification Pass Level (dB) NF (dB) NF (dB) Measurement Uncertainty (dB) /Fail (dBm) Range (dB) (dB) ----- 0.125...
Page 123 Model N8973A: Test Records Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Measurement Worst Pk-Pk Specification (dB) Pass/Fail Range (dB) Instrumentation Uncertainty -20 to > +40 dB ± 0.17dB Appendix A...
Page 124 Model N8973A: Test Records Instrument Noise Figure Test Record Instrument Noise Figure Test Record Frequency (MHz) Instrument Noise Specification (dB) Pass/Fail Figure (dB) 10.00 to 3000 Overall Frequency Test Line Limit Range Result 10.00 < 4.400dB 30.00 < 4.440dB 60.00 <...
Page 125 Model N8973A: Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record Measurement Jitter Test Record Frequency (MHz) Standard Deviation Specification (dB) Pass/Fail (dB) 1000 < 0.10dB Appendix A...
Page 126 Model N8973A: Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record Appendix A...
Page 127 Model N8974A: Test Records This appendix provides test records for you to photocopy and use when working through each calibration and performance verification test on model N8974A.
Page 128 Model N8974A: Test Records 10MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Record 10MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Record Standard results: Description Measured Frequency (Hz) Specification (Hz) Pass/Fail Frequency Accuracy ± 20Hz Settability ± 5Hz Option 1D5 results: Description Measured Frequency (Hz) Specification (Hz) Pass/Fail Frequency Reference...
Page 129 Model N8974A: Test Records Input VSWR Test Record Input VSWR Test Record Measured Frequency Frequency at Maximum Specification Pass/Fail Range Max Measured Measured VSWR VSWR ≤ 1.5:1 10MHz to 500MHz ≤ 1.7:1 > 500MHz to 1500MHz ≤ 1.8:1 > 1500MHz to 3000MHz ≤...
Page 130 Model N8974A: Test Records Frequency Accuracy Test Record Frequency Accuracy Test Record Frequency Frequency Selected Resolution Measured Specification Pass/Fail (MHz) Span Bandwidth (MHz) Center (MHz) (MHz) Frequency (MHz) 14.00 8.00 4.00 ± 10 kHz ± 100 kHz + x 30.00 8.00 4.00 ±...
Page 131 Model N8974A: Test Records Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Measured Voltage (V) Specification (V) Pass/Fail < 1.0 V < ± 0.1V Appendix B...
Page 132 Model N8974A: Test Records Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record Results: 4.5 - 6.5dB Noise Source ENR Input Range Actual Measured Noise Figure Instrument Specification Pass/ Level (dB) NF (dB) NF (dB) Measurement Uncertainty (dB)
Page 133 Model N8974A: Test Records Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record Results: 14 - 17dB Noise Source ENR Input Range Actual Measured Noise Figure Instrument Specification Pass/ Level (dB) NF (dB) NF (dB) Measurement Uncertainty (dB) Fail (dBm) Range (dB) (dB) ----- 0.125...
Page 134 Model N8974A: Test Records Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record Results: 20 - 22dB Noise Source ENR Input Range Actual Measure Noise Figure Instrument Specification Pass/ Level (dB) NF (dB) d NF Measurement Uncertainty (dB) Fail (dBm) (dB) Range (dB) (dB) ----- 0.125...
Page 135 Model N8974A: Test Records Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Measurement Worst Pk-Pk Specification (dB) Pass/Fail Range (dB) Instrumentation Uncertainty -20 to > +40 dB ± 0.17dB Appendix B...
Page 136 Model N8974A: Test Records Instrument Noise Figure Test Record Instrument Noise Figure Test Record Frequency (MHz) Instrument Noise Specification (dB) Pass/Fail Figure (dB) 10.00 to 6700 Overall Frequency Test Line Limit Range Result 10.00 < 4.400dB 30.00 < 4.440dB 60.00 <...
Page 137 Model N8974A: Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record Measurement Jitter Test Record Frequency (MHz) Standard Deviation Specification (dB) Pass/Fail (dB) 1000 < 0.10dB Appendix B...
Page 138 Model N8974A: Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record Appendix B...
Page 139 Model N8975A: Test Records This appendix provides test records for you to photocopy and use when working through each calibration and performance verification test on model N8975A.
Page 140 Model N8975A: Test Records 10MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Record 10MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Record Standard results: Description Measured Frequency (Hz) Specification (Hz) Pass/Fail Frequency Accuracy ± 20Hz Settability ± 5Hz Option 1D5 results: Description Measured Frequency (Hz) Specification (Hz) Pass/Fail Frequency Reference...
Page 141 Model N8975A: Test Records Input VSWR Test Record Input VSWR Test Record Measured Frequency Frequency at Maximum Specification Pass/Fail Range Max Measured Measured VSWR VSWR ≤ 1.5:1 10MHz to 500MHz ≤ 1.7:1 500MHz to 1500MHz ≤ 1.8:1 1500MHz to 3000MHz ≤...
Page 142 Model N8975A: Test Records Frequency Accuracy Test Record Frequency Accuracy Test Record Frequency Frequency Selected Resolution Measured Specification Pass/Fail (MHz) Span Bandwidth (MHz) Center (MHz) (MHz) Frequency (MHz) 14.00 8.00 4.00 ± 10 kHz ± 100 kHz + x 30.00 8.00 4.00 ±...
Page 143 Model N8975A: Test Records Frequency Accuracy Test Record Frequency Frequency Selected Resolution Measured Specification Pass/Fail (MHz) Span Bandwidth (MHz) Center (MHz) (MHz) Frequency (MHz) 15000.00 8.00 4.00 ± 10 kHz ± 400 kHz + x 16000.00 8.00 4.00 ± 10 kHz ±...
Page 144 Model N8975A: Test Records Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Measured Voltage (V) Specification (V) Pass/Fail < 1.0 V < ± 0.1V Appendix C...
Page 145 Model N8975A: Test Records Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record Results: 4.5 - 6.5dB Noise Source ENR Input Range Actual Measured Noise Figure Instrument Specification Pass/ Level (dB) NF (dB) NF (dB) Measurement Uncertainty (dB)
Page 146 Model N8975A: Test Records Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record Results: 14 - 17dB Noise Source ENR Input Range Actual Measured Noise Figure Instrument Specification Pass/ Level (dB) NF (dB) NF (dB) Measurement Uncertainty (dB) Fail (dBm) Range (dB) (dB) ----- 0.125...
Page 147 Model N8975A: Test Records Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record Results: 20 - 22dB Noise Source ENR Input Range Actual Measured Noise Figure Instrument Specification Pass/ Level (dB) NF (dB) NF (dB) Measurement Uncertainty (dB) Fail (dBm) Range (dB) (dB) ----- 0.125...
Page 148 Model N8975A: Test Records Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Measurement Worst Pk-Pk Specification (dB) Pass/Fail Range (dB) Instrumentation Uncertainty -20 to > +40 dB ± 0.17dB Appendix C...
Page 149 Model N8975A: Test Records Instrument Noise Figure Test Record Instrument Noise Figure Test Record Frequency (MHz) Instrument Noise Specification (dB) Pass/Fail Figure (dB) 10.00 to 26500 Overall Frequency Test Line Limit Range Result 10.00 < 4.400dB 30.00 < 4.440dB 60.00 <...
Page 150 Model N8975A: Test Records Instrument Noise Figure Test Record Frequency (MHz) Instrument Noise Specification (dB) Pass/Fail Figure (dB) 13000.00 < 10.50dB 14000.00 < 12.50dB 15000.00 < 12.50dB 16000.00 < 12.50dB 17000.00 < 12.50dB 18000.00 < 12.50dB 19000.00 < 12.50dB 20000.00 <...
Page 151 Model N8975A: Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record Measurement Jitter Test Record Frequency (MHz) Standard Deviation Specification (dB) Pass/Fail (dB) 1000 < 0.10dB Appendix C...
Page 152 Model N8975A: Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record Appendix C...
Page 153 Caring for Connectors The material contained in this appendix may not be apply to the connector you are using on the instrument.
Page 154 Caring for Connectors Introduction Introduction Recent advances in measurement capabilities have made connectors and connection techniques more important than ever before. Damage to the connectors on calibration and verification devices, test ports, cables, and other devices represent an increasing burden in downtime and expense. This Appendix will help you get the best performance from all coaxial microwave connectors: •...
Page 155 Caring for Connectors Visual Inspection Visual Inspection Visual inspection and, if necessary, cleaning should be done every time a connection is made. Metal and metal by-product particles from the connector threads often find their way onto the mating plane surfaces when a connection is disconnected and even one connection made with a dirty or damaged connector can damage both connectors beyond repair.
Page 156 Caring for Connectors Visual Inspection Light burnishing of the mating plane surfaces is normal, and is evident as light scratches or shallow circular marks distributed more or less uniformly over the mating plane surface. Other small defects and cosmetic imperfections are also normal.
Page 157 Caring for Connectors Visual Inspection Sexed Connectors On sexed connectors, especially precision 3.5mm and SMA connectors, pay special attention to the female center conductor contact fingers (Figure D-2 and Figure D-3). These are very easily bent or broken, and damage to them is not always easy to see.
Page 158 Caring for Connectors Cleaning Cleaning Careful cleaning of all connectors is essential to assure long, reliable connector life, to prevent accidental damage to connectors, and to obtain maximum measurement accuracy and repeatability. Yet it is the one step most often neglected or done improperly.
Page 159 Caring for Connectors Cleaning Alcohol should be used in liquid rather than spray form. If a spray must be used, always spray the alcohol onto a cloth or swab, never directly into a connector. Very dirty connectors can be cleaned with pure alcohol. Other solutions that contain additives should not be used.
Page 160 Caring for Connectors Cleaning Cleaning Interior Surfaces Interior surfaces, especially on precision 3.5mm connectors, are very difficult to reach, and it is easy to damage connectors in trying to clean them. The openings are very small, and generally the center conductor is supported only at the inner end, by a plastic dielectric support bead.
Page 161 Caring for Connectors Cleaning connector to clean the interior surfaces. Use an illuminated magnifying glass or microscope to see clearly the areas you wish to clean. Drying Connectors When you have cleaned a connector, always be sure that it is completely dry before reassembling or using it.
Page 162 Caring for Connectors Mechanical Inspection: Connector Gages Mechanical Inspection: Connector Gages Even a perfectly clean, unused connector can cause problems if it is mechanically out of specification. Since the critical tolerances in microwave connectors are on the order of a few ten-thousandths of an inch, using a connector gage is essential. Before using any connector for the first time, inspect it mechanically using a connector gage.
Page 163 Caring for Connectors Mechanical Specifications Mechanical Specifications The critical dimension to be measured, regardless of connector type, is the position (generally, the recession or setback) of the center conductor relative to the outer conductor mating plane. Mechanical specifications for connectors specify a maximum distance and a minimum distance that the center conductor can be positioned behind (or, in female Type-N connectors, in front of) the outer conductor mating plane.
Page 164 Caring for Connectors Mechanical Specifications - not the position of the tip. The male contact pin slides into the female contact fingers and electrical contact is made by the inside surfaces of the tip of the female contact fingers on the sides of the male contact pin. 50 Ohm Type-N Connectors NOTE No Type-N connector should ever be used when there is any possibility of...
Page 165 Caring for Connectors Mechanical Specifications conductor mating plane. As Type-N connectors wear, the protrusion of the female contact fingers generally increases, due to wear of the outer conductor mating plane inside the female connector. This decreases the total center conductor contact separation and should be monitored carefully.
Page 166 Caring for Connectors Using Connector Gages Using Connector Gages Before a connector gage is used, it must be inspected, cleaned, and zeroed. Inspecting and Cleaning the Gage Inspect the connector gage and the gage calibration block carefully, exactly as you have inspected the connector itself.
Page 167 Caring for Connectors Using Connector Gages • Gently rock the two surfaces together, to make sure that they have come together flatly. The gage pointer should now line up exactly with the zero mark on the gage. If it does not, inspect and clean the gage and gage calibration block again and repeat this process.
Page 168 Caring for Connectors Using Connector Gages Measuring Connectors Measuring the recession of the center conductor behind the outer conductor mating plane in a connector is done in exactly the same way as zeroing the gage, except of course that the graduated dial is not re-set when the measurement is made. If the connector has a retractable sleeve or sliding connector nut - precision 7mm connectors, for example - extend the sleeve or nut fully.
Page 169 Caring for Connectors Making Connections Making Connections Making good connections is easy if a few simple principles are kept in mind: • Aall connectors must be undamaged, clean, and within mechanical specification. • The connectors must be precisely aligned with one another and in flat physical contact at all points on the mating plane surfaces.
Page 170 Caring for Connectors Making Connections Alignment of precision 7mm connectors is made easier by the fact that the connector sleeve on one of the connectors must be extended fully (and the sleeve on the other connector retracted fully) in order to make the connection. Extending the sleeve creates a cylinder into which the other connector fits.
Page 171 Caring for Connectors Making Connections Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench When the preliminary connection has been made, use a torque wrench to make the final connection. Tighten the connection only until the “break” point of the wrench is reached, when the wrench handle gives way at its internal pivot point. Do not tighten the connection further.
Page 172 Caring for Connectors Making Connections Table D-2 Recommended Torque Settings Type Description Precision 12 lb-in (136 N-cm.) Precision 8 lb-in (90 N-cm) 3.5mm 5 lb-in (56 N-cm) Use the SMA wrench to connect male SMA connectors to female precision 3.5min connectors. Connections of male precision 3.5mm.
Page 173 Caring for Connectors Making Connections damage can occur whenever the device body rather than the nut alone is being turned. If the connection is between sexed connectors, pull the connectors straight apart and be especially careful not to twist the body of any device as you do so. Twisting the connection can damage the connector by damaging the center conductors or the interior component parts to which the connectors themselves are attached.
Page 174 Caring for Connectors Adapters Adapters Adapters are used to connect a device with one connector interface to a device or to test equipment that has another interface, or to reduce wear on connectors that may be difficult or expensive to replace. Reducing wear is possibly the most important use of adapters, especially when devices that have SMA connectors are being used.
Page 175 Caring for Connectors Adapters Table D-3 Adapters Type Description Precision 7mm and Precision 7mm/male 3.5mm Type-N Precision 7mm/female 3.5 mm Ω Precision 7mm/male 50 Type-N Precision Ω 7mm/female 50 Type-N Precision 3.5mm Male 3.5mm/female 3.5mm and SMA Male 3.5mm/female 3.5 mm Female 3.5mm/female 3.5mm Precision 7mm/male 3.5mm Precision 7mm/female 3.5mm “Connector...
Page 176 Caring for Connectors Principles of Microwave Connector Care Principles of Microwave Connector Care Table D-4 Principles of Microwave Connector Care Handling and Storage DO NOT • Keep connectors clean. • Touch mating plane surfaces. • Extend sleeve or connector nut. •...
Page 177 Caring for Connectors Principles of Microwave Connector Care Table D-4 Principles of Microwave Connector Care Gaging DO NOT • Clean and zero the gage before • Use an out-of-spec connector. using. • Use correct gage type. • Use correct end of calibration block.
Page 178 Caring for Connectors Principles of Microwave Connector Care Appendix D...
Page 179 Index Numerics Input VSWR vector network connectors analyzer drying connectors 10MHz Out Freqency Reference Input VSWR vector network interior connector surfaces Adjustment analyzer 2 precision 7mm connectors Test Procedure interval solvents for connectors 10MHz Out Frequency Reference preparing for test compressed air Accuracy test description...
Page 180 Index filter shape handling and storage markers final connection connectors Maximum operating input power connectors Humidity Range Maximum protected input level Floppy disk storage measuement frequency using gages on connectors technical specifications measurement Input VSWR Frequency Accuracy Input VSWR 10MHz to 500MHz 10MHz to 500MHz measurement mdel N8975A Test Record model N8973A Test Record...
Page 181 Index Declaration of conformity Test Setup Measurement Jitter N8974A Test Specification Noise figure Range and Accuracy Declaration of conformity Note definition N8975A number of Noise Source Supply Accuracy Declaration of conformity Number of markers RF Input noise figure Number of points technical specifications instrument’s own technical specifications...
Page 182 Index power requirements 10MHz Out Frequency Reference model N8975A noise figure range RF Input Accuracy and accuracy 4.5-6.5dB Gain Measurement Uncertainty results speed per frequency point noise figure range and accuracy sweep Measurement Jitter model 8974A tuning accuracy model N8973A frequency noise figure range and accuracy valid temperature range accuracy...
Page 183 Index model N8975A noise figure range and accuracy test worksheets model N8973A model N8974A model N8975A Upconverter in DUT verification and adjustment listings VGA output visual inspection connectors warm up time Warning compressed air liquid freon safety class 1 product use as specified Warning definition Warranty...
Page 184 Index Index...

Agilent Technologies NFA Series Performance Verification And Calibration Manual

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