Data Reception - Atmel AT90S8515-8PI Manual

Data transmission is initiated by writing the data to be transmitted to the UART I/O Data Register, UDR. Data is transferred
from UDR to the Transmit shift register when:
• A new character has been written to UDR after the stop bit from the previous character has been shifted out. The shift
register is loaded immediately.
• A new character has been written to UDR before the stop bit from the previous character has been shifted out. The shift
register is loaded when the stop bit of the character currently being transmitted has been shifted out.
If the 10(11)-bit Transmitter shift register is empty, data is transferred from UDR to the shift register. At this time the UDRE
(UART Data Register Empty) bit in the UART Status Register, USR, is set. When this bit is set (one), the UART is ready to
receive the next character. At the same time as the data is transferred from UDR to the 10(11)-bit shift register, bit 0 of the
shift register is cleared (start bit) and bit 9 or 10 is set (stop bit). If 9 bit data word is selected (the CHR9 bit in the UART
Control Register, UCR is set), the TXB8 bit in UCR is transferred to bit 9 in the Transmit shift register.
On the Baud Rate clock following the transfer operation to the shift register, the start bit is shifted out on the TXD pin. Then
follows the data, LSB first. When the stop bit has been shifted out, the shift register is loaded if any new data has been
written to the UDR during the transmission. During loading, UDRE is set. If there is no new data in the UDR register to send
when the stop bit is shifted out, the UDRE flag will remain set until UDR is written again. When no new data has been
written, and the stop bit has been present on TXD for one bit length, the TX Complete Flag, TXC, in USR is set.
The TXEN bit in UCR enables the UART transmitter when set (one). When this bit is cleared (zero), the PD1 pin can be
used for general I/O. When TXEN is set, the UART Transmitter will be connected to PD1, which is forced to be an output
pin regardless of the setting of the DDD1 bit in DDRD.

Data Reception

Figure 39 shows a block diagram of the UART Receiver.
Figure 39. UART Receiver
AT90S4414/8515
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