Piping Specifications - FULTON VSRT Series Installation And Operation Manual

followed by rising with fresh water. The interval between
regeneration is dependent upon the raw water hardness
and flow rate.
In all cases the water hardness should be tested
periodically and prior to starting the boiler or generator
to ensure efficient operation of the softener. Unsoftened
water should not be allowed to enter the steam boiler or
generator unless sufficient scale inhibitor chemical is used.
Feedwater: Feedwater is the combination of fresh
makeup and returning condensate that is pumped to
the boiler.
Condensate: Condensate is condensed steam that
is normally low in dissolved solids. Hence, it does
not contribute to the dissolved solid content of the
feedwater. In addition, condensate is very expensive to
waste. It's been chemically treated, heated, pumped,
converted to steam, and condensed.
Dissolved Solids: Dissolved solids are salts in the
water that stay in solution. They are invisible to the
naked eye. As the boiler generates steam, dissolved
solids will concentrate. If the concentration becomes
too high, they will precipitate, form a suspended solid,
and concentrate in the vessel. Daily boiler blowdown
is recommended to help prevent the formation of
deposits. Consult Blowdown procedure in the Daily
Maintenance Schedule section of this manual.
Chemical Dosing: In addition to softening the
feedwater, it is also important to consider other factors
such as dissolved oxygen and acidity. Depending on
the results of an analysis, it may be necessary to inject
appropriate amounts of corrective chemical into the
feedwater system. This is usually achieved by means
of a chemical compound solution and variable output
metering pump mounted at the storage vessel. It
is important that the chemicals and quantities are
correct and it is advisable to contact a water treatment
company to arrange a feedwater analysis.

Piping Specifications

For piping, the basic considerations are the design
temperature, the pressure retained by the pipe, the fluid
in the pipe, the load resulting from thermal expansion
or contraction, impact or shock loads imparted (such as
water hammer, external loads, wind loads, and vibration
from equipment).
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While referencing Table 6 and Figure 13, adhere to the
following:
1. The arrangement of the piping and its
appurtenances must take into consideration
the location of other structures and equipment
adjacent to the piping. The potential for freezing
interference and/or damage as a result of
expansion, contraction, vibration, or other
movements must be factored.
2. Valves are used in piping systems to stop and
start the flow of fluids, to regulate flow, to
prevent back flow, and to relieve excessive
pressure build-up in the piping. Consideration
should be given to the appropriate location and
orientation of valves necessary for safe operation
and isolation of the piping.
3. All piping and piping components used should
be suitable for the design temperatures, pressure
and fluid used in the system.
4. During the installation, ensure that no dirt, water,
or residue from welding is left in the system.
5. Expansion joints or properly designed and sited
loops should be provided to accommodate
thermal expansion. Thermal expansion should be
calculated using the maximum possible utilization
fluid temperature, regardless of whether the pipe
considered is in the feed or return circuit. Steel
pipe will expand approximately 1 " per 100' over a
100 F temperature rise (1 mm per meter over 100
C rise).
6. Supports and anchors must be provided for all
pipes, as necessary, to prevent undue stresses
from being placed on equipment, including
pumps, valves, and the heater. Supports and
anchors which will not interfere with thermal
expansion should be chosen. The equipment
should never be used or considered as an anchor.
No additional loads should be applied to any
factory connection.
7. Gaskets must be used to make all flanged
connections. Gasketing material must be
suitable for use with the pressure, temperatures
and fluids in the system. Ensure that all
bolts are tightened evenly and to the torque
recommended values provided by the gasket
manufacturer.
INSTALLATION - 2
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