Ford COUGAR 1968 Shop Manual page 749

Section
Page
I . Paint and Surface Defects
.............................
17-7
General Information
.................................
17-7
Paint Defect Conditions and Corrections.
......
17-7
Organic Fallout
........................................
17-10
Industrial Fallout
.....................................
17-10
2 Repair Procedures
.......................................
17-10
Repair by Brush Touch-Up
........................
17- 10
Repair by Sanding, Polishing and Buffing
.....
17-1 I
Repair by Repainting
................................
17-1 1
Surface Preparation
...............................
17- 1 I
Mixing, Thinning and Filtering
Paint Materials
..................................
17-1 2
Section Page
Applying Primer
-
Surfacers
....................
17- 12
Applying Sealers and Topcoats
.................
17- 1 3
Sealers
.............................................
17- I 3
Enamels
...........................................
17- 13
Lacquers
...........................................
17- 13
Interior Paint Repairs
..........................
17- 14
Color Matching
....................................
17- 15
Industrial Fallout Removal
.........................
I 7- I 5
Vinyl Tape Accent Stripe Application
...........
17- 1 6
Pressure Sensitive Wood-Grain Transfer.
......
.I
7- 16
3 Materials and Tools
.....................................
17- 1 7
1 PAINT A N D SURFACE DEFECTS
GENERAL INFORMATION
Examine the defect and confirm the
original analysis as to its nature and
cause: then, decide upon the proper
procedure to be used for repair. If the
defective finish is over galvanized steel
or a zinc die casting, a special repair
procedure is required if the metal is
exposed during repair. This procedure
is explained later in the Repair by Re-
painting procedure. If the defect is in
a metallic color finish, special pre-
cautions must be followed to insure a
good color match.
-
All standard exterior body colors
are high bake acrylic enamels and the
color is identified by the paint code on
the warranty plate. An asterisk pre-
ceeding the paint code on the warranty
plate is used to identify vehicles paint-
ed with alkyd enamels. Special fleet
(MX) colors are generally alkyd enam-
els, but may be acrylic enamels.
All standard interior colors are alkyd
enamels except for certain parts of the
station wagon load area floor which is
finished with vinyl organosol enamels.
It is important to identify the paint
used in the original finish so that the
proper repair procedure can be follow-
ed. Many of the appearance defects in
an acrylic finish can be removed with-
out repainting. This can be done by
employing a combination of hand spot
sanding, hand or machine polishing,
and machine buffing.
Equally important is proper diagno-
sis of the condition of the surface to be
repaired. I f it is in good condition, the
repair will be relatively simple and re-
quires only minor surface preparation.
If the surface is in bad condition and
has deteriorated to a point where re-
moval of all or part of the original
finish is necessary, the surface prepara-
tion can involve extensive time and
labor.
Inspection should also reveal any
area of the vehicle which might have a
soft enamel finish, because of previous
repairs. In such cases, the strong sol-
vents in the repair paints would tend
to lift or distort the original film. I f
soft spot areas are found, they should
be baked with radiant heat (lamps) for
10 to 15 minutes before refinishing.
PAINT DEFECT CONDITIONS
AND CORRECTIONS
Some of the abnormal paint condi-
tions are shown in Fig. I . A description
and the repair required follow. The re-
pair procedures are given in detail in
Section 2.
BLISTER1 NG (Also known as bub-
bles, pimples, water blisters, humidity
blisters or drain pattern blisters).
Blistering is the formation of many
small eruptions in the finish and may
occur between the metal and the under-
coats, or between the undercoats and
the enamel topcoat. Blisters usually
follow a pattern distribution, either
uniformly distributed over a compara-
tively large area, or concentrated in a
localized area in the shape of a water
spot or drain streak. Sometimes they
are so small the they are difficult to
identify without using a magnifying
glass. In some instances, blisters may
be confused with dirt. T o verify the
condition, prick the suspected area
with a sharp point, and note whether
a void (hole) or water exists. I f SO,
blistering is confirmed. As the failure
progresses it may be accompanied by
peeling i f the eruption flakes off, and
by rusting if the blister extended down
to the metal.
Repair this condition by removing
the blisters to their full depth and re-
paint.
C H I P P I N G (Also known as stone
bruising).
Chipping is the removal of the finish
by the impact of a sharp object. It
may involve only removal of the top-
coat from the primer in which case the
primer (gray or red) will show. It may
also involve removal of the finish to
bare metal in which case the metal or
rust is evident.
I f the chipping is minor and con-
fined to an edge or isolated location,
it can be repaired by brush touch-up.
If the chipping is centrally located in
a highly visible area, it must be repair-
ed
by
repaintlng.
CHECKING, CRACKING (Also
known as crazing, crow-footing, spider-
webbing, aligatoring, hairline cracking
or cold cracking).
The terms checking or cracking des-
cribe defects which occur in the top-
coat film on exposure to the effects of
weathering. They are fractures in the
paint resulting from shrinkage which
is caused by oxidation or extreme cold.
Checking is the term applied to
slight breaks in the film that d o not
penetrate to the underlying surface.
Three types of checking are recognized:
Irregular Pattern 'Type
-
Checking in
which the breaks develop in the sur-