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KONTRON
24.3 Memory Map
The coolMONSTER/PM processor modules can support up to 2048MB of
memory. The first 640KB of DDR-SDRAM are used as main memory.
Using DOS, you can address 1MB of memory directly. Memory area
above 1MB (high memory, extended memory) is accessed under DOS
via special drivers such as HIMEM.SYS and EMM386.EXE, which are
part of the operating system. Please refer to the operating
system documentation or special textbooks for information about
HIMEM.SYS and EMM386.EXE.
Other operating systems (Linux or Windows versions) allow you to
address the full memory area directly.
Upper Memory
Use
Available
A0000h – BFFFFh
VGA Memory
No
C0000h – CFFFFh
VGA BIOS,
No
RPL/PXE ROM
D0000h – DFFFFh
Yes
E0000h – F0000h
System BIOS,
No
USB legacy
support
coolMONSTER/PM User's Guide
65
Comment
Mainly used by graphic adapter cards. If a PCI
graphic card is in the system this memory area
is mapped to the PCI bus.
Free for LPC bus or shadow RAM in standard
configurations.
If JRC software is used, a 16K block is
shadowed for BIOS extension, starting with first
free area at D0000h, D4000h, D8000hor
DC000h. (BIOS extensions do not use the
whole shadow block.).
Appendix A: System-Resource Allocation
Using Expanded Memory Managers
24.3.1
coolMONSTER/PM extension BIOSes may be mapped to an upper memory
area. (See the previous table). Some add-on boards also have
optional
ROMs
or
use
drivers
corresponding devices via memory mapped I/O such as dual-ported
RAM. These boards have to share the upper memory area with the
Expanded Memory Manager's EMS frame. This often causes several
problems in the system.
Most
EMMs
scan
the
upper
memory
(optional ROMs) and choose a free memory area for their frame if
it is not explicitly set. Normally, they are not always capable
of detecting special memory-mapped I/O areas. You need to tell
the EMM which memory areas are not available for the EMS frames,
which
is
most
of
the
time
done
parameters.
If the Expanded Memory Manager you use cannot detect extension
BIOSes (optional ROMs), make sure you excluded all areas in the
upper memory, which are used by extension BIOSes, too. Your
instruction in the CONFIG.SYS concerning the Expanded Memory
Manager should look like this: (question marks symbolize the
location of extension BIOS).
MS-DOS Example
DEVICE=EMM386.EXE X=????-???? X=E000-FFFF
Note:
When booting up your system using this configuration under MS-DOS, the
exclusion of area F000 to FFFF causes a warning. Microsoft reports that this
message will always appear when the F000 segment lies in the shadow RAM.
This is a bug of EMM386, not of the coolMONSTER/PM.
Please read the technical manuals of add-on cards used with the
coolMONSTER/PM
for the memory areas they use. If
exclude their memory locations to avoid a conflict with EMM386.
Appendix A: System Resource Allocations
KONTRON
that
communicate
with
their
area
for
extension
BIOSes
by
using
special
exclusion
necessary,
66
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