GE D30 Instruction Manual page 203

5 SETTINGS
• Three-step operation: The power swing blocking sequence essentially times the passage of the locus of the positive-
sequence impedance between the outer and the middle characteristic boundaries. If the locus enters the outer charac-
teristic (indicated by the
POWER SWING OUTER
cated by the
POWER SWING MIDDLE
the power swing blocking signal (
ing signal resets when the locus leaves the outer characteristic, but not sooner than the
time.
• Two-step operation: If the 2-step mode is selected, the sequence is identical, but it is the outer and inner characteris-
tics that are used to time the power swing locus.
The out-of-step tripping feature operates as follows for three-step and two-step power swing detection modes:
• Three-step operation: The out-of-step trip sequence identifies unstable power swings by determining if the imped-
ance locus spends a finite time between the outer and middle characteristics and then a finite time between the middle
and inner characteristics. The first step is similar to the power swing blocking sequence. After timer
times out, latch 1 is set as long as the impedance stays within the outer characteristic.
PICKUP DELAY 1
If afterwards, at any time (given the impedance stays within the outer characteristic), the locus enters the middle char-
acteristic but stays outside the inner characteristic for a period of time defined as
2 is set as long as the impedance stays inside the outer characteristic. If afterwards, at any time (given the impedance
stays within the outer characteristic), the locus enters the inner characteristic and stays there for a period of time
defined as
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 3
the element is now ready to trip.
If the "Early" trip mode is selected, the
set by the
POWER SWING SEAL-IN DELAY
locus leaves the inner characteristic, then times out the
now ready to trip. The trip operand is set later, when the impedance locus leaves the outer characteristic.
• Two-step operation: The 2-step mode of operation is similar to the three-step mode with two exceptions. First, the ini-
tial stage monitors the time spent by the impedance locus between the outer and inner characteristics. Second, the
stage involving the
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2
( ) and tripping (
POWER SWING BLOCK
output contacts in order to make this element fully operational.
The element can be set to use either lens (mho) or rectangular (quad) characteristics as illustrated below. When set to
"Mho", the element applies the right and left blinders as well. If the blinders are not required, their settings should be set
high enough to effectively disable the blinders.
Figure 5–54: POWER SWING DETECT MHO OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS
GE Multilin
FlexLogic™ operand) but stays outside the middle characteristic (indi-
FlexLogic™ operand) for an interval longer than
FlexLogic™ operand) is established and sealed-in. The block-
POWER SWING BLOCK
, latch 2 is set as long as the impedance stays inside the outer characteristic;
operand is set immediately and sealed-in for the interval
POWER SWING TRIP
. If the "Delayed" trip mode is selected, the element waits until the impedance
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2
timer is bypassed. It is up to the user to integrate the blocking
) FlexLogic™ operands with other protection functions and
POWER SWING TRIP
X
D30 Line Distance Relay
5.5 GROUPED ELEMENTS
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 1
POWER SWING RESET DELAY 1
POWER SWING
POWER SWING PICKUP DELAY 2
and sets Latch 4; the element is
R
,
5
, latch
5-105