Network Terminology - RTS Cronus Manual

Cronus

Network Terminology

Bridges
Domain Name Server
(DNS)
Gateway
Hub
Bosch Security Systems, Inc.
A bridge is a device that connects two LANs, or two segments of the same LAN that use the
same protocol. Sometimes called "transparent bridges, they work at the OSI model Layer 2.
Simply put, they are not concerned with protocols. Their main job is to pass data to a destination
address that is predetermined in the data packet.
With a bridge, all of your computers are on the same network subnet (see Subnet). This means
your computers can communicate with each other and have their own Internet connection. If
you assign your own IP Addresses be sure to use the same first 3 "octets" of the IP Address (for
example, 192.168.0.X).
A DNS Server is an Internet service that translates domain names (for example, in the URL
http://www.telex.com, the domain name is the telex.com) into IP Addresses. The Internet is
based on IP Addresses which are numeric and since domain names are alphabetic, they are
easier to remember. Every time a domain name is used it must go through the DNS server to be
translated into an IP Address.
A gateway is a node on a network that serves as an entrance to another network. The gateway
routes traffic from a computer to an outside network that is serving the web pages. For example,
the gateway for a home computer is the ISP provider that connects the user to the Internet.In a
corporate environment, the gateway often acts as a proxy server and a firewall. Gateways are
similar to routers and switches in that they forward data to the destination and provide the path
for which the data will travel to the destination.
A hub is a common connection point for devices in a network. A hub has multiple ports. When
a data packet arrives at a hub, it is copied and distributed to all of its ports so that all nodes on
the LAN can see the packets
There are three types of hubs:
passive hub - this hub serves as a conduit for the data, enabling it to go from one device
to another.
intelligent hub (also known as manageable hubs) - this hub includes addition features
that enable administrators to monitor traffic through the hub.
switching hub - this hub reads the destination address of each packet and then forwards
the data pack to the appropriate port.
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