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Kodak DirectView CR 825 Theory Manual

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© EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY, 2005
HEALTH GROUP
{ T heor y Gui d e} { P r o duct i o n} { H eal t h Gr o up} { E xt e r n al A ndI n t e r n al }
Publication No. TG4825-1
10DEC05
Supersedes TG4825-1
09JAN04
Confidential
Restricted
Information
THEORY GUIDE
for the
Kodak DirectView CR 825/850 SYSTEMS
Service Codes: 5634, 4825
Important
Qualified service personnel must repair this equipment.
H177_0500AC

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  • Page 1 { T heor y Gui d e} { P r o duct i o n} { H eal t h Gr o up} { E xt e r n al A ndI n t e r n al } Publication No. TG4825-1 10DEC05 Supersedes TG4825-1 09JAN04 Confidential Restricted Information THEORY GUIDE for the Kodak DirectView CR 825/850 SYSTEMS Service Codes: 5634, 4825 Important Qualified service personnel must repair this equipment. H177_0500AC...

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Kodak’s negligence or other fault. This equipment includes parts and assemblies sensitive to damage from electrostatic discharge.
  • Page 3 THEORY GUIDE 10DEC05 Fast Scan / Slow Scan Directions........TG4825-1 Image Matrix Size .
  • Page 4 THEORY GUIDE 10DEC05 Power Distribution ..........TG4825-1 INTERLOCK .

  • Page 5: Equipment Description

    5 of 120 Features and Functions The Kodak DirectView CR 825/850 SYSTEM is a LASER SCANNER that reads a latent image made on a STORAGE PHOSPHOR SCREEN during an X-ray exam and provides a digital image. Physicians and radiologists can then view, improve, store and make a print of the image, and send the image across a computer network.
  • Page 6 THEORY GUIDE Equipment Description 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Page Kodak DirectView A device that is installed on the wall in an area separate from the CR 6 of 120 REMOTE 825/850 SYSTEM, used for viewing images and entering data. The OPERATIONS ROP includes: PANEL (ROP) •...
  • Page 7 Medical Image Manager (MIM) and CR 825/850 SYSTEM • use CATEGORY 5 CABLES to connect to the network • use a gateway device qualified by Kodak to enable access to the HIS/RIS system. The customer must provide this device.
  • Page 8 THEORY GUIDE Equipment Description 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Page On-site Service • CASTERS allow the CR 825/850 SYSTEM to be moved for 8 of 120 service without leveling • DATA PLATES and MODIFICATION LABELS are located for easy access and viewing • PLUGS and CONNECTORS are identified •...
  • Page 9 THEORY GUIDE Equipment Description 10DEC05 The following table describes the specifications for the number of CASSETTES per hour: TG4825-1 Page 9 of 120 Size CR 825 SYSTEM CR 850 SYSTEM 18 x 24 GP 24 x 30 GP 35 x 35 GP 35 x 43 GP 18 x 24 HR 24 x 30 HR...

  • Page 10: Main Subsystems

    THEORY GUIDE Equipment Description 10DEC05 Main Subsystems TG4825-1 Page 10 of 120 TOUCH EXTERNAL SCREEN BAR CODE network MONITOR READER CR 850 SYSTEM Logic and Control Imaging INTERNAL MCPU BOARD Optical Ethernet Error and Activity LOGS CARDS Logs DIGITIZER GALVO BOARD BOARD INTERNAL...
  • Page 11 THEORY GUIDE Equipment Description 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Subsystem Description See: Page 11 of 120 CASSETTE • includes: STORAGE PHOSPHOR – STORAGE PHOSPHOR CASSETTE SCREEN that captures and stores the X- ray image for processing – CASSETTE SHELL that holds the PLATE •...
  • Page 12 THEORY GUIDE Equipment Description 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Subsystem Description See: Page Imaging • assembles the data from the screen and Imaging Sequence 12 of 120 changes it to digital format • processes the image Logic and Control • processes commands from the operator Logic and Control •...

  • Page 13: Radiography Theory

    THEORY GUIDE Radiography Theory 10DEC05 Section 2: Radiography Theory TG4825-1 Page 13 of 120 Comparison of Film/Screen and Computed Radiography (CR) X-RAY latent image visible image TUBE (On Film) (On Film) FILM/ FILM PROCESSING SCREEN AERIAL IMAGE FINAL VISIBLE latent image visible image X-RAY IMAGE...
  • Page 14 THEORY GUIDE Radiography Theory 10DEC05 The following phases are necessary to capture and process projection radiographs for both TG4825-1 Page screen/film systems and CR systems: 14 of 120 Phase of Image Capture Description Phase 1 - In both screen/film and CR systems: Making the aerial image •...
  • Page 15 THEORY GUIDE Radiography Theory 10DEC05 The following table compares the analog and digital health image capture systems. TG4825-1 Page 15 of 120 Analog Screen/Film Systems Digital CR Systems Uses “Rare Earth” SCREENS - Uses a BARIUM FLOUROHALIDE STORAGE GADOLINIUM OXYSULFIDE or PHOSPHOR SCREEN.
  • Page 16 THEORY GUIDE Radiography Theory 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Analog Screen/Film Systems Digital CR Systems Page • Recording medium - film • Recording medium - STORAGE 16 of 120 PHOSPHOR SCREEN • Output medium - film • Output medium - film, paper, digital display •...

  • Page 17: Overview Of Cr Technology

    THEORY GUIDE Radiography Theory 10DEC05 Overview of CR Technology TG4825-1 Page Operations 17 of 120 The following operations are necessary to capture the latent image in the STORAGE PHOSPHOR SCREEN and change it to a digital image that can be viewed on a computer screen and sent to a PRINTER.
  • Page 18 THEORY GUIDE Radiography Theory 10DEC05 When a STORAGE PHOSPHOR SCREEN is exposed to X-rays: TG4825-1 Page • special PHOSPHOR on the SCREEN absorbs the radiation in degrees of intensity 18 of 120 determined the body part and the type of SCREEN: –...

  • Page 19: Stimulating The Phosphor

    THEORY GUIDE Radiography Theory 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Characteristics of the Page STORAGE PHOSPHOR Description 19 of 120 SCREEN Signal accumulation Signals can accumulate on SCREENS that are not used for more than 24 hours. Erasing these SCREENS decreases the residual image to the optimum range for using the SCREEN again. Failure to erase these signals can result in artifacts.

  • Page 20: Changing Light Energy To An Analog Signal

    THEORY GUIDE Radiography Theory 10DEC05 Changing Light Energy to an Analog Signal TG4825-1 Page The following components of CR systems change the light energy in the exposed SCREEN to 20 of 120 an analog signal: • LIGHT COLLECTOR: – provides the collection of the blue light emitted when the SCREEN is stimulated by the laser beam –...

  • Page 21: Changing Analog Signals To Digital Signals

    THEORY GUIDE Radiography Theory 10DEC05 Changing Analog Signals to Digital Signals TG4825-1 Page 21 of 120 pixel code value (0 - 4095) SAMPLING image image sample matrix grid analog image digital image (continual values) (discrete values) H194_5014HC Analog signals are changed to digital signals by sampling the blue light from the STORAGE PHOSPHOR SCREEN and moving it through an ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER to make a digital value for the brightness of each sample.

  • Page 22: Processing The Digital Image

    THEORY GUIDE Radiography Theory 10DEC05 If you find both the horizontal and the vertical points of the sample on an imaginary matrix, TG4825-1 Page similar to the one in the graphic, the result indicates one pixel in the digital image. 22 of 120 Continual analog input values are changed to output values.

  • Page 23: Sequence Of Operation

    THEORY GUIDE Sequence of Operation 10DEC05 Section 3: Sequence of Operation TG4825-1 Page 23 of 120 Overview of Workflow Using the CR 825/850 SYSTEM The Radiology Department receives an exam request. The Radiologist, the operator, assembles the patient information. Examples of patient information are patient name, ID, and accession number.

  • Page 24: Before Loading The Cassette

    THEORY GUIDE Sequence of Operation 10DEC05 Before Loading the CASSETTE TG4825-1 Page After initializing, the CR 825/850 SYSTEM is ready to receive a CASSETTE for scanning. 24 of 120 The Radiology Technologist uses a Computed Radiology (CR) CASSETTE to capture the latent image of the body part on the SCREEN.
  • Page 25 THEORY GUIDE Sequence of Operation 10DEC05 The MCPU BOARD A2 sends: TG4825-1 Page • “CASSETTE Detected” message to the MSC BOARD A1 25 of 120 • “Scan Request” message to the INTERNAL PC The INTERNAL PC: • checks that it has the quantity of memory necessary to receive an image •...

  • Page 26: Fastening The Plate

    THEORY GUIDE Sequence of Operation 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Status Summary: CASSETTE Loaded Page • DUPLEX CAM is in the home position 26 of 120 • DRIVE/IDLER ROLLERS are engaged on the CASSETTE • CASSETTE is at the CASSETTE REAR STOP and the CLAMP BARS are open •...

  • Page 27: Preparing To Scan

    THEORY GUIDE Sequence of Operation 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Status Summary: PLATE Fastened Page • DUPLEX CAM has reached position 3 27 of 120 • SLED is 1.524 cm (0.600 in.) forward from the home position • CLAMP BARS are holding the CASSETTE •...

  • Page 28: Scanning The Screen

    THEORY GUIDE Sequence of Operation 10DEC05 The PLATE PRESENT SENSOR S5 detects that a PLATE is fastened and sends a TG4825-1 Page message of the status to the MSC BOARD A1. 28 of 120 Status Summary: Prepared for Scanning • PMTs are energized •...

  • Page 29: Erasing The Screen

    THEORY GUIDE Sequence of Operation 10DEC05 SCREEN. Both the number of lines and the number of samplings are set up in the TG4825-1 Page calibration for that size of SCREEN. 29 of 120 When the end of the scan is reached, the MSC BOARD A1 sends a status message to the MCPU BOARD A2.

  • Page 30: Inserting The Plate Back Into The Cassette Shell

    THEORY GUIDE Sequence of Operation 10DEC05 Inserting the PLATE back into the CASSETTE SHELL TG4825-1 Page The MCPU BOARD A2 issues a command to the MSC BOARD A1 to: 30 of 120 • return the EXTRACTION BAR to the home position •...
  • Page 31 THEORY GUIDE Sequence of Operation 10DEC05 • HOOK CAM: TG4825-1 Page – HOOKS move up, releasing the pressure 31 of 120 – when the SLED moves toward position 4, the HOOKS move back into the EXTRACTION BAR and the PLATE is latched inside the CASSETTE The DUPLEX CAM moves to the home position 1.

  • Page 32: Storage Phosphor Cassette

    THEORY GUIDE STORAGE PHOSPHOR CASSETTE 10DEC05 Section 4: STORAGE PHOSPHOR CASSETTE TG4825-1 Page 32 of 120 Overview CASSETTE SHELL PLATE NOSEPIECE STORAGE PHOSPHOR SCREEN PLATE PROTECTIVE COATING PHOSPHOR/BINDER BAR CODE LABEL ESTAR Base BLACK CELLULOSE ACETATE BACKING SIDE-1 LEAD (Pb) BACKSCATTER LAYER EXTRUSION ALUMINIUM (Ai) HONEYCOMB PANEL...
  • Page 33 THEORY GUIDE STORAGE PHOSPHOR CASSETTE 10DEC05 STORAGE PHOSPHOR CASSETTES include: TG4825-1 Page 33 of 120 Component Description CASSETTE SHELL The SHELL has a CARBON FIBER FRONT and an aluminum BACK. The SHELL is open on one side for removal of the PLATE. A LATCH on the inside of the PLATE holds it in place inside the SHELL.

  • Page 34: Size And Resolution Of Screens

    24 x 18 cm CR 400/800/825/850/900/ 950 SYSTEMS Note The 35 x 43 cm SCREEN and the Enhanced High Resolution (EHR) SCREEN are not compatible with the CASSETTES of the same size used with the Kodak Digital Science COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY SYSTEM 400.
  • Page 35 THEORY GUIDE STORAGE PHOSPHOR CASSETTE 10DEC05 The CR 825/850 SYSTEM uses SCREENS with the following resolutions. TG4825-1 Page 35 of 120 Resolution of the Description SCREEN General Purpose • thicker PHOSPHOR COATING than the HR SCREEN, making the (GP-25) image less sharp •...

  • Page 36: Fast Scan / Slow Scan Directions

    THEORY GUIDE STORAGE PHOSPHOR CASSETTE 10DEC05 Fast Scan / Slow Scan Directions TG4825-1 Page 36 of 120 43 cm Slow 35 cm Scan 30 cm 18 cm 30 cm 35 cm 35 cm 24 cm 24 cm 15 cm Fast Scan H194_5022BC The diagram indicates the direction of the 2 scanning actions for each size CASSETTE: •...

  • Page 37: Image Matrix Size

    THEORY GUIDE STORAGE PHOSPHOR CASSETTE 10DEC05 Image Matrix Size TG4825-1 Page The CR 825/850 SYSTEM scans the STORAGE PHOSPHOR SCREENS at the resolutions in 37 of 120 the table below. The scan rate is the same for General Purpose (GP), High Resolution (HR) SCREENS, and Enhanced High Resolution (EHR) of the same sizes.
  • Page 38 THEORY GUIDE STORAGE PHOSPHOR CASSETTE 10DEC05 The spatial resolution is determined by the following factors: TG4825-1 Page • scatter of the PHOSPHOR 38 of 120 • spot size and shape of the laser beam • bandwidth of the electronics Note The image file size for the 24 x 30 cm SCREEN is larger than the image file size for the 35 x 35 cm SCREEN because of the higher sampling rate.

  • Page 39: Reading The Bar Code Label Of The Cassette

    THEORY GUIDE STORAGE PHOSPHOR CASSETTE 10DEC05 Reading the BAR CODE LABEL of the CASSETTE TG4825-1 Page 39 of 120 BAR CODE H194_5025GCA H194_5025GC...
  • Page 40 THEORY GUIDE STORAGE PHOSPHOR CASSETTE 10DEC05 The BAR CODE LABEL identifies the CASSETTE and provides the size and resolution of the TG4825-1 Page SCREEN. The following table describes the digits in the BAR CODE. Each digit indicates a 40 of 120 group of BARS on the BAR CODE.

  • Page 41: Cassette Handling

    THEORY GUIDE Cassette Handling 10DEC05 Section 5: Cassette Handling TG4825-1 Page 41 of 120 Overview CASSETTE SLED PLATE DUPLEX CAM INTERMEDIATE PLATE EXTRACTION BAR H194_5026HCA H194_5026HC The Cassette Handling subsystem moves the CASSETTE into position in the CR 825/850 SYSTEM to remove the PLATE from the CASSETTE for scanning the SCREEN. The Cassette Handling subsystem includes the following components: •...

  • Page 42: Duplex Cam Ay

    THEORY GUIDE Cassette Handling 10DEC05 Overview of operation: TG4825-1 Page The PLATE is released from the CASSETTE. 42 of 120 The EXTRACTION BAR fastens onto the PLATE and moves it down during scanning. After scanning and erasing, the SCREEN moves up and is inserted into the CASSETTE again.
  • Page 43 THEORY GUIDE Cassette Handling 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Page 43 of 120 Positions of the DUPLEX CAM Home Position 1 Position 2 Position 3 Position 4 H194_5042DC...
  • Page 44 THEORY GUIDE Cassette Handling 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Component Description Page SLED CAM The SLED CAM is the GROOVE in the side of the DUPLEX CAM. It 44 of 120 executes the motions necessary to load and release the CASSETTE. SLED CAM Moves the SLED PLATE backward and forward when the DUPLEX CAM FOLLOWER rotates.
  • Page 45 THEORY GUIDE Cassette Handling 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Component Description Page CAM SENSORS: When the DUPLEX CAM moves to each of 4 positions, the RING 45 of 120 • INNER CAM FLAGS block or unblock the path of the beam of the INNER and SENSOR S10 OUTER CAM SENSORS.

  • Page 46: Cassette Entry

    THEORY GUIDE Cassette Handling 10DEC05 Cassette Entry TG4825-1 Page 46 of 120 CASSETTE ENTRY SENSOR S1 INPUT SLOT BOARD MCPU BOARD INTERNAL BAR CODE READER H194_5051HCA RS-232 H194_5051HC The Cassette Entry components detect that a CASSETTE is loaded and send information about the CASSETTE to the MSC BOARD A1 and the MCPU BOARD A2.
  • Page 47 THEORY GUIDE Cassette Handling 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Component Description Page 47 of 120 CASSETTE ENTRY The CASSETTE ENTRY SENSOR is continually monitored to detect SENSOR S1 a CASSETTE. When a CASSETTE is inserted, the light beam of S1 is blocked. INTERNAL BAR Reads the BAR CODE information from BAR CODE LABEL on the CODE READER CASSETTE and sends it to the MCPU BOARD A2.
  • Page 48 THEORY GUIDE Cassette Handling 10DEC05 The INTERNAL PC: TG4825-1 Page • checks that it has the quantity of memory necessary to receive an image 48 of 120 • makes a raw image file to receive the image • sends a “Scan Request Reply” message to the MCPU BOARD A2 with a value of “OK” The MCPU BOARD (A2) •...

  • Page 49: Cassette Transport

    THEORY GUIDE Cassette Handling 10DEC05 Cassette Transport TG4825-1 Page 49 of 120 CASSETTE LOAD SENSOR S2 DRIVE ROLLERS CASSETTE REAR SENSOR S3 IDLER ROLLERS PIVOTING PLUSH END STOP DRIVE MOTOR CASSETTE ENTRY SENSOR S1 SLED PLATE H194_5002HCA H194_5002HC The Cassette Transport components move the CASSETTE into the correct position for scanning and provide a light-tight environment around the CASSETTE.
  • Page 50 THEORY GUIDE Cassette Handling 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Component Description Page 50 of 120 DRIVE MOTOR Provides the motion of the DRIVE ROLLER that moves the CASSETTE toward the END STOP. DRIVE ROLLERS Move the CASSETTE from the Cassette Entry area to the END STOP.
  • Page 51 THEORY GUIDE Cassette Handling 10DEC05 The SLED CAM moves to position 2, which moves the SLED PLATE 0.640 cm (0.250 in.) TG4825-1 Page forward. 51 of 120 The DRIVE MOTOR M2 actuates. The DRIVE MOTOR M2 drives the TIMING BELTS, which rotate the DRIVE ROLLERS.

  • Page 52: Plate Handling

    THEORY GUIDE Cassette Handling 10DEC05 Plate Handling TG4825-1 Page 52 of 120 The Plate Handling components remove the Fastening the PLATE PLATE from the CASSETTE SHELL and to the EXTRACTION BAR fasten it to the EXTRACTION BAR. The EXTRACTION BAR holds the CASSETTE END STOP PLATE during the scanning operation, then...
  • Page 53 THEORY GUIDE Cassette Handling 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Component Description Page 53 of 120 HOOK CAM When the DUPLEX CAM moves through positions 1 - 4, the HOOK CAM begins the actions to release the PLATE from the CASSETTE and fasten it to the EXTRACTION BAR. For more information, see DUPLEX CAM HOOK YOKE Transfers the motion of the HOOK CAM to press down on the HOOK...

  • Page 54: Optical

    THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 Section 6: Optical TG4825-1 Page 54 of 120 Overview SCREEN PMTs COLLECTOR INTERNAL PMT/DAS MCPU BOARD BOARD DIGITIZER CONVERTER BOARD analog digital image data blue image light data FOLD MIRROR laser light motion commands F-THETA LENS GALVO GALVO BOARD...

  • Page 55: Laser Galvo

    THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 The Optical subsystem: TG4825-1 Page • makes the laser beam and provides the deflection of the beam onto the SCREEN 55 of 120 • moves the laser beam across the SCREEN at a controlled rate to release the stored energy in the PHOSPHOR •...
  • Page 56 THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 LASER TG4825-1 Page PLATE 56 of 120 SCREEN FOLD MIRROR F THETA LENS FOLD MIRROR F THETA LENS GALVO H194_5029HCA GALVO H194_5029HC...
  • Page 57 THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Component Description Page 57 of 120 LASER Type 30 mW LASER DIODE DRIVER BOARD that emits a red beam of light of high intensity. The LASER DRIVER PRE- REGULATOR BOARD A18 controls the power of the LASER: •...
  • Page 58 THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 GALVO TG4825-1 Page 58 of 120 GALVO BOARD Clock Signal Desired Position Plate Size DIGITIZER LASER DRIVER LASER DRIVER Offset and Amplitude BOARD PRE-REGULATOR DIODE BOARD BOARD Line Start Signal Desired Position Signal Closed Loop Servo Circuit Drive Signal Actual Position...
  • Page 59 THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Component Description Page 59 of 120 DIGITIZER BOARD Controls the operation of the GALVO BOARD, which moves the laser beam. GALVO Includes: • MOTOR - rotates the SHAFT • SHAFT - has a MIRROR at one end to send the laser beam toward the F-THETA LENS GALVO BOARD A4 Includes a feedback circuit that controls the position of the MIRROR.
  • Page 60 THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 Traces in the Operation of the GALVO TG4825-1 Page 60 of 120 POSITION TIME DESIRED-POSITION TRACE DWELL TIME ACTUAL-POSITION TRACE "0" Velocity VELOCITY The following table describes the positions within the 3 traces.
  • Page 61 THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Traces of the GALVO Description Page 61 of 120 Desired position • position A - the DIGITIZER BOARD has sent a signal to the trace GALVO to retrace • between Positions A and B - the system is waiting for the GALVO to complete the retrace •...

  • Page 62: Collector And Photomultiplier Tube (Pmt)

    THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 COLLECTOR and PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBE (PMT) TG4825-1 Page The COLLECTOR and the PMTs: 62 of 120 • provide the collection of the blue light emitted from the PHOSPHOR SCREEN • measure the brightness of the blue light •...
  • Page 63 THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Component Description Page 63 of 120 DIGITIZER BOARD Controls the operation of the GALVO BOARD A4 and the PMT/DAS BOARD A5 to provide for the measurement and collection of image data at the correct time: •...
  • Page 64 THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 Collection of the Blue Light TG4825-1 Page 64 of 120 Blue Light From PLATE /SCREEN DYNODE 2 -350 V DC DYNODE 7 DYNODE 6 DYNODE 3 -100 V DC -150 V DC -300 V DC ANODE 0 V DC DYNODE 8 DYNODE 5...
  • Page 65 THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 descending series of voltages. These voltages are connected to components in the PMT. TG4825-1 Page In the graphic, example voltages are given. 65 of 120 Note The HIGH VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY provides a high negative voltage. The PHOTOCATHODE is connected directly to the -600 V source.
  • Page 66 THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 Operation of the PMT/DAS BOARD: TG4825-1 Page 66 of 120 PMT/DAS BOARD 2 CURRENT-TO-VOLTAGE AMPLIFIERS analog ANODE blue voltage light signals 2 PMT GAIN CONTROL DIGITIZER BOARD PMT1 D/A CONVERTERS PIXEL CLOCK SUMMING AMPLIFIER ANODE blue FIFO BUFFER light digital...
  • Page 67 THEORY GUIDE Optical 10DEC05 The corrected signals are added together in the SUMMING AMPLIFIER. An offset TG4825-1 Page adjustment signal is added to adjust for any other offset error. The offset signal is provided 67 of 120 by 2 D/A CONVERTERS that allow large and small adjustments. The offset adjustment signal causes the signal to be 0 when no light hits the PMTs.

  • Page 68: Scan/Erase

    THEORY GUIDE Scan/Erase 10DEC05 Section 7: Scan/Erase TG4825-1 Page 68 of 120 Overview PLATE POSITIONING AY CASSETTE SHELL and PLATE from MCPU BOARD EXTRACTION BAR ERASE LAMPS BOARD LEAD SCREW SLOW SCAN CONTROLLER BOARD COIL BOARD A7 SLOW SCAN MOTOR H194_5047HCA ENCODER H194_5047HC...

  • Page 69: Plate Positioning Ay Lead Screw Extraction Bar Reference Sensor S9

    THEORY GUIDE Scan/Erase 10DEC05 The Scan/Erase subsystem includes: TG4825-1 Page • PLATE POSITIONING AY 69 of 120 • LEAD SCREW • EXTRACTION BAR • REFERENCE SENSOR S9 • PLATE PRESENT SENSOR S5 • SLOW SCAN MOTOR • ENCODER • ERASE AY •...
  • Page 70 THEORY GUIDE Scan/Erase 10DEC05 PLATE POSITIONING AY TG4825-1 Page 70 of 120 The ARMS of the PLATE POSITIONING AY UPPER ARM keep the PLATE in the correct vertical position for removal from the CASSETTE, LOWER ARM for scanning, and for inserting the PLATE into the CASSETTE SHELL after scanning.
  • Page 71 THEORY GUIDE Scan/Erase 10DEC05 EXTRACTION BAR TG4825-1 Page 71 of 120 EXTRACTION BAR Home position Reference position Start of scan position End of scan position-fixed Erase position position H194_5015GCB H194_5015GC The EXTRACTION BAR holds the PLATE when it moves down during scanning and up after erasing.
  • Page 72 THEORY GUIDE Scan/Erase 10DEC05 The EXTRACTION BAR has 5 vertical positions. TG4825-1 Page 72 of 120 Position of the Description EXTRACTION BAR Reference position Position of the EXTRACTION BAR when the REFERENCE SENSOR S9 is blocked. The REFERENCE SENSOR S9 is installed at this position during manufacture.

  • Page 73: Plate Present Sensor S5

    THEORY GUIDE Scan/Erase 10DEC05 REFERENCE SENSOR S9 TG4825-1 Page The REFERENCE SENSOR S9 checks for a FLAG on the EXTRACTION BAR that provides 73 of 120 the SLOW SCAN AY with the reference position. All other positions of the SLOW SCAN AY are relative to the reference position.
  • Page 74 THEORY GUIDE Scan/Erase 10DEC05 The following components control the operation of the SLOW SCAN MOTOR: TG4825-1 Page 74 of 120 Component Description SLOW SCAN Controls the motions of the SLOW SCAN MOTOR. The COIL BOARD CONTROLLER A7 and the ENCODER connect to this BOARD. Normally, the BOARD A6 parameters of motion of the MOTOR include: •...
  • Page 75 THEORY GUIDE Scan/Erase 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Page MAGNET 75 of 120 HALL EFFECT SENSORS THERMAL FUSES H194_5039AC The COIL BOARD A7 includes: • 6 TRIANGULAR-SHAPED COILS of wire around the CENTRAL SHAFT of the MOTOR • 3 HALL EFFECT SENSORS, which detect magnetic fields. The SENSORS determine the position of the MAGNET POLES relative to the COILS.
  • Page 76 THEORY GUIDE Scan/Erase 10DEC05 Obtaining Smooth Operation of the SLOW SCAN MOTOR TG4825-1 Page To obtain smooth operation of the SLOW SCAN MOTOR, it is necessary to have smooth 76 of 120 rotating torque. The COILS make a magnetic field and the MAGNET aligns with the COILS. When the MAGNET POLES are almost in alignment with the magnetic field, the torque potential is highest.

  • Page 77: Encoder

    THEORY GUIDE Scan/Erase 10DEC05 ENCODER TG4825-1 Page 77 of 120 LIGHT EMITTER LIGHT EMITTER Signal from DETECTOR 1 Signal from DETECTOR 2 LIGHT DETECTOR 1 LIGHT DETECTOR 2 ENCODER WHEEL ( 5000 Lines ) H194_5031BC The ENCODER monitors the speed and position of the MAGNET in during rotation to provide smooth operation and continual speed.

  • Page 78: Erase Ay

    THEORY GUIDE Scan/Erase 10DEC05 The signals from the 2 SENSORS are continually monitored by the SLOW SCAN TG4825-1 Page CONTROLLER BOARD A6, and the power to the COIL BOARD A7 is decreased or 78 of 120 increased to provide smooth rotation and continual speed. 20,000 counts of the ENCODER make one rotation of the LEAD SCREW.

  • Page 79: Lamp Current Sensors Cs1 - Cs5

    THEORY GUIDE Scan/Erase 10DEC05 The MCPU BOARD A2 sends an “Erase” command to the MSC BOARD A1, which sends TG4825-1 Page a signal to the SLOW SCAN MOTOR to start the erasing operation. 79 of 120 The SLOW SCAN MOTOR actuates and moves the SCREEN into the erase position determined by the ENCODER counts.

  • Page 80: Imaging Sequence

    THEORY GUIDE Imaging Sequence 10DEC05 Section 8: Imaging Sequence TG4825-1 Page 80 of 120 Overview INTERNAL PMT/DAS MCPU BOARD BOARD DIGITIZER CONVERTER BOARD analog digital image data blue image light data laser light motion commands GALVO BOARD LASER LASER DRIVER LASER DIODE PRE-REGULATOR DRIVER BOARD...

  • Page 81: Scanning The Screen - Slow Scan/Fast Scan

    THEORY GUIDE Imaging Sequence 10DEC05 The CR 825/850 SYSTEM uses the components of the Optical and Scan/Erase subsystems TG4825-1 Page to make the digital images. The imaging sequence includes: 81 of 120 • Scanning the SCREEN - Slow Scan/Fast Scan •...
  • Page 82 THEORY GUIDE Imaging Sequence 10DEC05 The MCPU BOARD A2, through the DIGITIZER BOARD A3, sets up the GALVO BOARD TG4825-1 Page A4 and PMT/DAS BOARD A5 with the following information recorded during calibration of 82 of 120 the CR 825/850 SYSTEM: •...

  • Page 83: Obtaining The Image Data

    THEORY GUIDE Imaging Sequence 10DEC05 At the same time, the SCREEN moves vertically. This vertical motion is the slow scan TG4825-1 Page direction. 83 of 120 Both motions are determined by calibration data for the given SCREEN size. The MSC BOARD A1 controls the slow scan motion through the SLOW SCAN CONTROLLER BOARD A6.
  • Page 84 THEORY GUIDE Imaging Sequence 10DEC05 ray and the power of the LASER at the point it hits the PHOSPHOR. The light is emitted TG4825-1 Page in a random pattern. 84 of 120...
  • Page 85 THEORY GUIDE Imaging Sequence 10DEC05 The collection of random blue light is provided by the COLLECTOR, which reflects the TG4825-1 Page light toward the FACES of the 2 PMTs: 85 of 120 • For each line of the fast scan, a given number of measurements is made, determined in the DIGITIZER BOARD A3 by the size of the SCREEN.

  • Page 86: Processing The Data

    THEORY GUIDE Imaging Sequence 10DEC05 Processing the Data TG4825-1 Page The 2 16-bit values are received in a FIFO BUFFER on the DIGITIZER BOARD A3. The 86 of 120 data is stored in the FIFO BUFFER until a complete line of data is received. In rapid sequence, when the GALVO is moving to the start of the next line: •...

  • Page 87: Processing The Image

    THEORY GUIDE Imaging Sequence 10DEC05 Processing the Image TG4825-1 Page When the software on the INTERNAL PC detects that a raw image was received from 87 of 120 the MCPU BOARD A2, the software: • places the data in a prepared raw image file •...
  • Page 88 THEORY GUIDE Imaging Sequence 10DEC05 The operator touches the thumbnail image on the TOUCH SCREEN MONITOR. This TG4825-1 Page action displays the subsample-by-4 image,. The operator makes changes and corrections 88 of 120 to the subsample image and keeps the changes. The software applies all the processing changes to the full resolution image and stores the changes in the database.

  • Page 89: Logic And Control

    THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 Section 9: Logic and Control TG4825-1 Page 89 of 120 Overview To Hospital Network CR 850 INTERNAL PC DICOM - TCP/IP SYSTEM PMT/DAS EXTERNAL BOARD BAR CODE READER ethernet CARDS MCPU KEYBOARD DIGITIZER KEYBOARD BOARD connection BOARD...

  • Page 90: Operator Input Components

    THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 The Logic and Control subsystem includes: TG4825-1 Page • Operator Input Components 90 of 120 • BOARDS • Distribution of Images to the Network Operator Input Components The TOUCH SCREEN MONITOR allows the operator to enter information for an exam into the CR 825/850 SYSTEM.
  • Page 91 THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Main Menu Page 91 of 120 The main menu provides access to the controls for the operation and service of the CR 825/ 850 SYSTEM. The following table describes the menu items that are available to operators. Each type of operator has a password that allows access to the indicated menu items.
  • Page 92 THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Operator Type Can View Main Menu Items: Description Page Applications • Applications Applications Consultants can: 92 of 120 Consultant Consultant • set up the TOUCH SCREEN MONITOR, SMPTE Test Pattern, and Diagnostic Image •...

  • Page 93: Boards

    THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 BOARDS TG4825-1 Page The BOARDS control the operation of the Cassette Handling, Optical, and Scan/Erase 93 of 120 subsystems and the imaging sequence of the CR 825/850 SYSTEM. BOARD Description MOTION SYSTEM Controls the electro-mechanical devices in the CR 825/850 SYSTEM, CONTROL (MSC) - including: •...
  • Page 94 THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 TG4825-1 BOARD Description Page MASTER CENTRAL The BOOT CODE of the MCPU BOARD A2: 94 of 120 PROCESSING UNIT • provides configuration information for the MICROCONTROLLER (MCPU) - A2 and checks the memory. • checks the main application program on the PCMCIA CARD under the MCPU BOARD A2 and loads it into the main memory of the MCPU BOARD A2.
  • Page 95 THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 TG4825-1 BOARD Description Page MICROCOMPUTED Obtains the image data from the PMT/DAS BOARD A5 and sets up 95 of 120 RADIOGRAPHY timing and control to the PMT/DAS BOARD A5 and GALVO BOARD DIGITIZER A4. The DIGITIZER BOARD A3: CONTROLLER - •...
  • Page 96 THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 TG4825-1 BOARD Description Page SLOW SCAN A microprocessor-controlled BOARD that controls the operation of 96 of 120 CONTROLLER - A6 the SLOW SCAN MOTOR. The SLOW SCAN CONTROLLER BOARD A6 controls all vertical motion of the PLATE in a continual motion.
  • Page 97 THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 TG4825-1 BOARD Description Page LASER DIODE Includes a LASER DIODE that provides the red laser light used to 97 of 120 DRIVER - A17 scan the SCREEN. The GALVO BOARD A4 controls the operation of the LASER DIODE DRIVER BOARD A17 by sending and receiving signals through the LASER DRIVER PRE-REGULATOR BOARD A18.
  • Page 98 THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 Checking of BOARDS During Initializing TG4825-1 Page When the CR 825/850 SYSTEM is energized, an initializing process occurs, in which 98 of 120 BOARDS and software operations are checked and hardware components are moved to the home position.
  • Page 99 THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 DIGITIZER • The DIGITIZER BOARD A3 fills the FIFO BUFFER with a test pattern. TG4825-1 Page BOARD A3 99 of 120 • The MCPU BOARD A2 moves that data to memory, similar to a normal image scanning operation.
  • Page 100 THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 PCMCIA • The PCMCIA (COMPACT FLASH) MEMORY CARD is located on the TG4825-1 Page (COMPACT back of the MCPU BOARD (A2) or the DIGITIZER BOARD (A3). The 100 of 120 FLASH) PCMCIA (COMPACT FLASH) MEMORY CARD is used for storing the MEMORY following information: CARDIF...
  • Page 101 THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 GALVO BOARD • A diagnostic program on the GALVO BOARD A4 checks the interface by TG4825-1 Page sending a command to the A/D CONVERTER on the GALVO BOARD 101 of 120 A4 to read the 2.5 V reference on the BOARD. This procedure determines that the SERIAL INTERFACE to the GALVO BOARD A4 is running and that the offset and amplitude values can be set for the size of PLATE.

  • Page 102: Distribution Of Images To The Network

    THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 Distribution of Images to the Network TG4825-1 Page Overview 102 of 120 Scanning/Input Components MCPU BOARD images/commands Ethernet INTERNAL PC Pass-Through Mode QA Mode D;\images\raw_inbox- D;\images\raw_inbox- contains raw image files contains raw image files File names for image files: yyyy.mm.dd.hh.mm.ss_xxxxxxxxxx.raw D;\images\delivery_inbox...

  • Page 103: Sequence Of Operation

    THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 The INTERNAL PC receives raw images from the MCPU BOARD A2, processes TG4825-1 Page the images, and stores or sends the images to given nodes in the hospital 103 of 120 network. ETHERNET CABLES connect the NETWORK INTERFACE CARDS (NIC) on the INTERNAL PC to: •...
  • Page 104 THEORY GUIDE Logic and Control 10DEC05 The software on the INTERNAL PC that monitors the Routing_Inbox moves the processed TG4825-1 Page images to the D:\images\Routing_Inbox directory: 104 of 120 • changes the image/patient data file to DICOM format and provides the file to the Medical Image Manager (MIM).

  • Page 105: Power Distribution

    THEORY GUIDE Power Distribution 10DEC05 Section 10: Power Distribution TG4825-1 Page 105 of 120 Overview FRONT DOOR INTERLOCK control for: INTERLOCK +24 V DC - DUPLEX CAM SWITCH BOARD - CASSETTE DRIVE MOTOR -24 V DC - SSC BOARD A6 - GALVO BOARD A4 INTERLOCK - LASER DIODE DRIVER...

  • Page 106: Power Supply

    THEORY GUIDE Power Distribution 10DEC05 POWER SUPPLY TG4825-1 Page The CR 825/850 SYSTEM operates correctly when connected to the power sources 106 of 120 described in the table below. These voltages can be obtained from a line-and-neutral or line- to-line connection. For all voltages, only a single-phase power distribution system is necessary.
  • Page 107 THEORY GUIDE Power Distribution 10DEC05 Power Distribution TG4825-1 Page 107 of 120 MCPU DIGITIZER BOARD BOARD = INTERLOCK SWITCH 5V DC POWER BOARD 24V DC SUPPLY PMT/DAS 24V DC BOARD SLOW SCAN CONTROL BOARD AC SOURCE 120V AC UPS1 TRANSFORMER 100-240V AC 120V AC 50/60 Hz...
  • Page 108 THEORY GUIDE Power Distribution 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Supply Description Page UNINTERRUPTIBLE Receives 120 V AC from the TRANSFORMER T1 and sends 120 V 108 of 120 POWER SUPPLY AC to the POWER SUPPLY PS1, the ERASE AY, and the INTERNAL UPS1 DC POWER This supply has +12 V DC and +/-24 V DC outputs only.
  • Page 109 THEORY GUIDE Power Distribution 10DEC05 INTERLOCK TG4825-1 Page 109 of 120 +24 V DC -24 V DC FRONT DOOR INTERLOCK SWITCH DC MOTOR +24 V DC DC voltage for DUPLEX CAM and CASSETTE SLOW SCAN CONTROLLER BOARD DRIVE MOTOR +24 V DC +24 V DC SLOW SCAN CONTROLLER...
  • Page 110 THEORY GUIDE Power Distribution 10DEC05 The FRONT DOOR INTERLOCK SWITCH controls RELAYS on the MSC BOARD A1 that de- TG4825-1 Page energize the following systems. 110 of 120 Systems Protected by Description INTERLOCK SWITCH MSC BOARD A1 • has an LED that indicates the status of the INTERLOCK SWITCH - DS25 •...
  • Page 111 THEORY GUIDE Power Distribution 10DEC05 UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY (UPS) TG4825-1 Page The UNINTERRUPTIBLE POWER SUPPLY UPS1 starts a system shutdown if the power is 111 of 120 not available for more than 15 seconds. If the power starts again before the 15 seconds, no shutdown occurs and the system does not display any message to the user.
  • Page 112 THEORY GUIDE Logs 10DEC05 Section 11: Logs TG4825-1 Page 112 of 120 Overview INTERNAL PC CR 850 SYSTEM Error and Activity Log TOUCH MCPU BOARD SCREEN Error Frequency Log MONITOR Actuation Log H194_5049BC The MCPU BOARD A2 receives log information from components in the CR 825/850 SYSTEM and the information to the INTERNAL PC for display on the TOUCH SCREEN MONITOR.
  • Page 113 THEORY GUIDE Logs 10DEC05 Error and Activity Log TG4825-1 Page The Error and Activity Log provides information for 2 types of errors: 113 of 120 • errors the operator can correct: – messages and error codes display on the TOUCH SCREEN MONITOR –...
  • Page 114 THEORY GUIDE Logs 10DEC05 Error Frequency Log TG4825-1 Page The Error Frequency Log stores the number of times each error occurred. Entries in the Error 114 of 120 Frequency Log can be sorted by date, error code, or frequency. The Error Frequency Log is available only to service personnel.
  • Page 115 Backscatter Radiation that is scattered backward in the path of the original beam. Kodak DirectView CR CASSETTES have a backscatter-control layer to decrease backscatter. BAR CODE A series of vertical BARS on a label that provide information that can be read by a computer.
  • Page 116 THEORY GUIDE Glossary 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Term Description Page Enhanced Visual Processing. An algorithm for improving contrast 116 of 120 included in the IPL. Exam A collection including a raw image, versions of the image, exam information, and patient information. Exam information Data that describes an exam procedure.
  • Page 117 THEORY GUIDE Glossary 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Term Description Page Lookup table. A matrix which changes image values from one type of 117 of 120 measurement into another; for example, density to luminance. Mandatory A network node to which all images from the CR 825/850 SYSTEMS destination are sent.
  • Page 118 THEORY GUIDE Glossary 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Term Description Page REMOTE OPERATIONS PANEL. 118 of 120 Routing Transferring an image from a CR 825/850 SYSTEM to a given node on the network. RS-232 Serial communication protocol. SENSOR A slotted OPTICAL SENSOR used to detect the motion of a component or an obstruction.
  • Page 119 THEORY GUIDE Glossary 10DEC05 TG4825-1 Term Description Page Unsharp masking An algorithm for improving edges that provides a more defined image. 119 of 120 An original image is made that is not clear. This image is subtracted from the original. An amplified version of the resulting image is then selectively added back in to the original, providing the edge-enhanced image.
  • Page 120 1, 5, 7, 10, 14, 23, 24, 25, 27 28, tg4825_1.fm Revised 29, 30, 33, 35, 36, 44, 45, 48, 54, and 75 Kodak, Digital Science, and DirectView are trademarks of Eastman Kodak Company. Printed in U.S.A. • tg4825_1.fm EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY HEALTH GROUP Rochester, NY 14650...

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