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ELECTRIC VEHICLE (EV) OVERVIEW
NOTICE
Avoid fully discharging the high-voltage battery to
0%. The battery will engage a power/torque limiter
when the state of charge is low. However, fully
discharging the battery to 0% could damage the
battery and render the vehicle inoperable. The
battery cannot be recharged if it is highly depleted.
There are multiple electrical circuits in the system.
•
400V DC high-voltage circuit: Links the battery,
charger, heater, inverter and motor, providing
energy to the vehicle propulsion system.
•
12V DC circuit: Used to power auxiliaries like the
headlights and audio system. The battery manage-
ment system (BMS) is also part of this circuit.
•
220V 50 Hz circuit: Used during charging.
•
240V AC circuit: Used by the on-board battery
heater.
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The 400V and 12V circuits are linked together
through the DC-DC converter.
The 400V lithium-ion propulsion battery is comprised
of multiple sealed cells that store the energy used to
drive the vehicle.
During normal operating conditions, the high-voltage
propulsion battery also provides charging current
through the DC-DC converter to the accessory 12V
battery. The 12V may also be charged when the
vehicle is connected to a charger.
All batteries degrade over time. The high-voltage bat-
tery pack efficiency will vary in function of the service
time and condition.
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