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9 - Synthesizer Basics
MIDI Program Change Commands
MIDI Program Change Commands
The Proteus X receives MIDI Program Change commands on each of its 32 MIDI
channels. MIDI program changes select Proteus X presets. The "Receive Program
Changes" button must be turned on (depressed) in the Preferences dialog box in order
to receive program changes or bank select commands.
MIDI Bank Select Commands
The Proteus X accepts MIDI bank select commands using MIDI continuous controller
numbers. Continuous Controller (CC) 0 is the MSB (most significant byte) and CC 32
is the LSB (least significant byte). Normally you send both the MSB and LSB controllers
to implement a bank change.
Proteus X remembers the MSB and the LSB that were last sent (or last changed from the
front panel). For example, if you have already set the Bank MSB to 04, you need only
send the LSB to change banks within the bank.
The selected bank remains selected until you change it (either via MIDI or by changing
the bank from the front panel). Standard MIDI Program Change commands select from
128 presets within the selected bank.
Background: Bank Select Commands
When the original MIDI specification was developed, no commercially available synthe-
sizer had more than about 100 preset locations. At that time being able to select up to
128 presets didn't seem like much of a limitation. So it was that the original MIDI
specification provided for the selection of up to 128 presets.
Musicians wanted more presets and so the MIDI specification was later amended to
include Bank Select Commands. It was decided that Bank Select Commands would use
Continuous Controllers 0 and 32 to allow the selection of up to 16,384 banks of 128
presets (over two million presets).
Because Bank Selects are implemented using Continuous Controllers, the Bank Selec-
tions can be made per channel. (This is getting better and better.) For each MIDI channel,
you can select any of 16,384 banks and then one of the 128 presets in the bank. Of
course no synthesizer has 16,384 banks (yet), but hey, it's nice to know it's possible (for
that really BIG project).
MIDI Modes
There are three MIDI modes used by the Proteus X. Multi Mode is the default mode.
Select MIDI Modes from the toolbar buttons or from the Taskbar, Options menu.
• Omni Mode - - - - - Voice messages are received on any and all MIDI channels
• Poly Mode - - - - - - Voice messages are received only on one MIDI channel
• Multi Mode- - - - - - Voice messages on each MIDI channel play on the preset
The Basic MIDI Channel can be identified by the red channel number in the Multi
page. Click on any channel number to make it the basic channel.
160
and played on the basic channel. This mode is the lowest
common denominator of MIDI. It is designed so that you
always hear something. Also called "Mode 1".
(the basic MIDI channel). Also called "Mode 3".
assigned to that channel. The Proteus X has the ability to
play a different preset on each of 32 MIDI channels (using
two MIDI ports of 16 channels each).
f
Tip: Select "Show
Bank and Program
Numbers" in the toolbar
to view program and
bank numbers in the
preset list.
• Bank and Program
numbers are displayed in
Single Preset mode
screen.
The general term for
E
"Preset" in MIDI-speak is
"Program". Same thing.
Multi
Poly
Omni
Proteus X Operation Manual
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