Piper Turbo Saratoga PA-32-301T Pilot's Manual page 145

PIPER
AIRCRAFT
CORPORATION
SECTION 6
PA-32-301T, TURBO
SARATOGA
WEIGHT
AND BALANCE
SECTION
6
WElGHT
AND
BALANCE
6.1 GENERAL
In order
to
achieve the performance and
nying
characteristics
which are
designed
into
the airplane,
it
must
be flown
with
the
weight and center of
gravity (C.G.) position within
the
approved
operating
range
(envelope).
Although
the airplane
offers flexibility of loading, it cannot be flown with
the
maximum
number
of adult
passengers,
full fuel tanks and
maximum
baggage.
With the flexibility
comes responsibility.
The pilot
must
insure
that the
airplane is loaded
within the loading envelope
before he makes
a
takeoff.
Misloading carries
consequences
for any aircraft.
An overloaded
airplane
will not take off, climb or cruise as well as a properly
loaded one.
I he heavier the airplane is loaded, the less
climb
performance it will have.
Center
of
gravity is
a
determining
factor in flight
characteristics.
If the
C.G. is too far forward
in
any
airplane, it
may
be difficult to
rotate
for
takeoff
or
landing. If the C.G. is too far
aft,
the airplane
may
rotate
prematurely
on takeoff
or
tend to pitch
up
during climb. Longitudinal
stability will be.reduced. This can lead to inadvertent stalls and even
spins;
and spin
recovery
becomes more
difficult as the center of gravity moves aft
of the approved limit.
A properly
loaded airplane, however,
will
perform as intended.
Before
the airplane
is licensed, it
is
weighed,
and
a
basic
empty
weight
and
C.G.
location is computed
(basic
empty
weight
consists of
the
standard
empty
weight
of
the airplane plus the optional
equipment).
Using the basic
empty
weight
and C.G.
location, the pilot
can
determine the weight
and
C.G.
position for the loaded airplane by computing the total weight and moment
and then determining whether they
are within
the approved
envelope.
ISSUED: JANUARY
10, 1980
REPORT: VB-1070
REVISED: AUGUST
6, 1982
6-1