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Paradise Datacom Quantum Installation And Operating Handbook

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Installation and Operating Handbook for
Quantum and Evolution
Series Satellite Modems
Issue 1.9.86, 28 July 2010
2010
EN 55022 - Class B
EN 55024
EN 60950
Paradise Datacom Ltd.
Paradise Datacom LLC
1 Wheaton Road
328 Innovation Blvd.
Witham, Essex, CM8 3UJ, England.
State College, PA 16803, U.S.A.
Tel: +44(0)1376 515636
Tel: +1 814 238 3450
Fax: +44(0)1376 533764
Fax: +1 814 238 3829
http://www.paradisedata.com
Copyright © 2005-2010 Paradise Datacom Ltd. All rights reserved.

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  • Page 1 1 Wheaton Road 328 Innovation Blvd. Witham, Essex, CM8 3UJ, England. State College, PA 16803, U.S.A. Tel: +44(0)1376 515636 Tel: +1 814 238 3450 Fax: +44(0)1376 533764 Fax: +1 814 238 3829 http://www.paradisedata.com Copyright © 2005-2010 Paradise Datacom Ltd. All rights reserved.

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Table of Contents Chapter 1 Welcome ....................1-1 Chapter 2 About This Handbook ................2-1 Conventions ......................2-1 Trademarks ......................2-1 Disclaimer......................2-1 GNU General Public Licence ................2-1 Chapter 3 Safety Information .................. 3-1 Safety ........................
  • Page 3 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.1.3 Takeaway Mode ................... 7-2 Front Panel Interface .................... 7-3 7.2.1 Keypad Operation ..................7-3 7.2.2 LCD Screen Layout ..................7-5 Front Panel Menu Structure ................. 7-6 7.3.1 Main Menu ....................7-6 7.3.2...
  • Page 4 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.10.1 IBS ......................8-26 8.10.2 Closed Network Plus ESC ................8-27 8.11 Tutorial on Carrier/Noise and Eb/No Measurements ......... 8-29 8.12 IP Functionality ....................8-35 8.12.1 Base Modem IP ..................8-35 8.12.2 IP Addressing .....................
  • Page 5 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 13.12 AUPC Specifications ..................13-10 13.13 Data Rate Specifications ................13-10 13.14 Traffic Log Specifications ................13-12 13.15 Common Specifications ................13-12 13.16 Internet Traffic ....................13-13 13.17 BUC / LNB facilities ..................13-13 13.18...

  • Page 6: Chapter 1 Welcome

    50%. It is used in addition to, not instead of, other bandwidth saving techniques. This handbook will guide you through the process of installing and using your Quantum or Evolution Series Satellite Modem. It covers all models including IF and L-band variants.
  • Page 7 Redundancy Switch operation is documented separately – see ‘Installation and Operating Handbook for Quantum and Evolution Series Redundancy Switches’. The Quantum PD155i Satellite Modem/IP Router is documented in the ‘Installation and Operating Handbook for Quantum PD155i Satellite Modem/IP Router’. Pour changer la langue à français, choisir 2, 4, 7, 5 sur les menus de modem.

  • Page 8: About This Handbook

    GPL source code in this product on a CD, then please send (USD) $15.00 (along with a request for the ‘Quantum/Evolution Series Satellite Modem GPL Source Code CD’) to Paradise Datacom to cover the cost of preparing and mailing the CD to you.

  • Page 9: Chapter 3 Safety Information

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Chapter 3 Safety Information PLEASE READ FOLLOWING INFORMATION BEFORE INSTALLATION AND USE. 3.1 Safety To ensure operator safety, this Satellite Modem conforms to the provisions of EMC Low Voltage Directive 2006/95/EC and complies with the following standard: EN 60950-1:2006 ‘Safety of Information Technology Equipment, Including Electrical...
  • Page 10 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook HOXXX-X ratings on the cable and the connector ends marked with BS1636A (UK free plug 13 amp); BSI, VDE, NF-USE, UL, CSA, OVE, CEBEC, NEMKO, DEMKO, SETI, IMQ, SEV and KEMA-KEUR for the IEC 6 amp free socket. Schuko and North American free plugs must have similar markings.)

  • Page 11: Chapter 4 Electromagnetic Compatibility

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Chapter 4 Electromagnetic Compatibility This Satellite Modem conforms to the provisions of EMC Directive 2004/108/EC and complies with the following standards: 1. Emissions: EN 55022:2006 Class B – ‘Information Technology Equipment –...

  • Page 12: Chapter 5 Installation

    Carefully unpack all items, taking care not to discard packing materials, particularly the molded foam inserts. Should the unit need to be returned to Paradise Datacom then you should use the original packing carton as it is designed to provide the necessary level of protection during shipment.

  • Page 13: Chapter 6 Introduction

    Introduction 6.1 Overview The Quantum and Evolution Series Single-Channel-Per-Carrier (SCPC) satellite modems are designed for both open and closed network operation in a variety of environments (such as ground stations and mobile and fly away terminals) providing a data link between geographically distant sites via satellite.

  • Page 14: Hardware Options

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 6.2 Hardware Options Note that an EIA530 card providing selectable RS422, X.21, V.35 and RS232 interfaces via a 25-way D connector is fitted as standard. Three interface positions are available. The upper interface position (1) supports an EIA530 or an IDR card only.

  • Page 15: Eurocom D1 Option Card

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook The Quad E1 card is set up and used in a similar way to the G.703 option card. Following selection of the Quad E1 card as the terrestrial interface via the Edit-Unit-Interface- Terrestrial screen (Section 7.3.3.3.2), two menus (Edit-Tx-Interface, Section 7.3.3.1.8 and...

  • Page 16: Optional L-Band Buc Power Supplies

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook On the IP Traffic card, UDP and IP header compression compliant to RFC3095 (ROHC – Robust Header Compression) is supported at throughput rates up to 29000 packets per second. ROHC is recognised as the best performing of all header compression schemes (including IPHC and CRTP) and is the most suitable for satellite.
  • Page 17 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook The following table shows what BUC PSUs are suitable for a range of available BUC types. PSU Required Paradise ODU PSU Manufacturer & BUC Type Voltage Wattage Current P3532 Terrasat 5W C-band IBUC 1.5A...

  • Page 18: L-Band Fsk/Dc Option Card

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 6.2.9 L-band FSK/DC Option Card An FSK/DC option card (part number P3503) is available for performing FSK communications with a BUC. This allows remote monitoring and control of any compatible BUC via a modulated FSK signal on the IFL cable to the BUC. The card also provides a DC supply switching capability to the BUC.
  • Page 19 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Feature SAF Code Description IBS/SMS Enables Tx and Rx IBS/SMS service. Drop/Insert Enables basic transmit and receive T1/E1 Drop/Insert options including Rx terrestrial bearer origination and the ability to replace dropped timeslots with idle code.
  • Page 20 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Feature SAF Code Description TCP acceleration at Enables a Performance Enhancing Proxy that throughput rates up to provides acceleration of TCP data over satellite. 10Mbps Ethernet brouting Enables Ethernet brouting function (which supports IP traffic point-to-multipoint operation and the use of an indirect return path).
  • Page 21 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Feature SAF Code Description Web acceleration Enables accelerated browsing using HTTP (requires the modem to be fitted with a P3714 IP traffic card). Sequential FEC Enables Sequential FEC up to a maximum of 2Mbps.
  • Page 22 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Feature SAF Code Description IP traffic shaping Provides guaranteed throughput levels for specific IP streams, using standard Committed Information Rate and Burst Information Rate settings. Stream differentiation is by IP address, IEEE 802.1p priority class, Diffserv DSCP class or MPLS EXP field.
  • Page 23 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Feature SAF Code Description Paired Carrier data PCMN Enables Paired Carrier data rates in the given rate 80Mbps range (inclusive). Subject to a maximum of 100Mbps 36MHz of signal cancellation in terms of occupied bandwidth.

  • Page 24: Front Panel

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 6.4 Front Panel Modem Front Panel The front panel comprises: • LEDs (light emitting diodes) that provide basic modem status • A LCD (liquid crystal display) display that acts as the main user interface •...
  • Page 25 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Local (front panel) control Remote control Keyboard locked Help screen Numeric entry mode Alphabetic entry mode Modem is on a Tx Edit screen Modem is on an Rx Edit screen Front Panel LCD Icons 6.4.2.1 Keypad...

  • Page 26: Rear Panel

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 6.5 Rear Panel The rear panel, shown below, provides a full set of terrestrial and satellite data interfaces. Modem Rear Panel Full connector pinouts are given in Chapter 11. From left to right, the rear panel consists of: IEC Mains Power Connector/Voltage Selector/Fuse The modem is designed to operate from a mains AC supply of 100-240V (-10%/+6%, i.e.
  • Page 27 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Alarms and AGC Connector This is a 15-pin male 'D' type connector that provides access to the four form `C' relay contacts that indicate alarm conditions. There is also an AGC output.
  • Page 28 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook input back to the output (typically used when Drop/Insert is in operation and the same PCM bearer is cascaded through several modems). ESC and Aux Connector This connector is fitted as part of the IDR option and provides access to: •...
  • Page 29 Remote M&C Connector This is a 9-pin female 'D' type connector. The modem supports the Paradise Universal Protocol (PUP) as specified in the document ‘Remote M&C Specification for Quantum and Evolution Series Satellite Modems’. The electrical interface can be selected between RS232 (for direct-to-PC applications) and RS485 (for multidrop applications).

  • Page 30: Chapter 7 User Interfaces

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Chapter 7 User Interfaces The modem has the following user interfaces: • A built-in local user interface provided via the modem front panel. • A built-in remote web user interface that provides web pages from the modem (using a web server) to a web browser.

  • Page 31: Takeaway Mode

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook A user-settable timeout controls for how long the admin user is logged in without any user entry activity – when user entry is detected then the user session is extended by the length of the timeout period.

  • Page 32: Front Panel Interface

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Because of this, Takeaway mode is best used in circumstances where there are clear operational procedures in place to avoid conflicts arising in relation to modem control. 7.2 Front Panel Interface 7.2.1 Keypad Operation 7.2.1.1 Cursor...
  • Page 33 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook On a menu, the BACK key is used to navigate to the previous screen. When entering or selecting a new value, the BACK key is used to cancel any change to the current value and move backward to the previous screen.

  • Page 34: Lcd Screen Layout

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.2.2 LCD Screen Layout The front panel user interface uses a menu system to present choices to the user. These in turn allow either the selection of a value from a list of options or require the entering of a new value.

  • Page 35: Front Panel Menu Structure

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.3 Front Panel Menu Structure The menu hierarchy for the front panel is described in the following sections. 7.3.1 Main Menu Main: 1:Status 2:Edit 3:View 4:Test [London-New York] The Main menu can be accessed from any display by pressing the MAIN key. It is from this menu that all functions are selected.

  • Page 36: Status Menu

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.3.2 Status Menu Front Panel Status Menus...
  • Page 37 1-for-N screen is not available unless the modem is the standby modem in a 1-for-N redundancy switch. The 1-for-N redundancy switch user interface is documented separately in the document ‘Installation and Operating Handbook for Quantum and Evolution Series Redundancy Switches’.
  • Page 38 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook • When there is no receive path fault then the message ‘Rx OK since HH:MM:SS on DD/MM/YY’ is displayed (where the time and date format is as explained above). When a receive path fault exists then a fault message is displayed instead that indicates the nature of the fault.
  • Page 39 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook lock. Note that the Doppler buffer is not used when Satellite clock is selected as the Rx clock source. Status-PCMA Screen PCMA: Locked Offset: 0.02kHz Delay: 262.1ms This screen shows the status of Paired Carrier.
  • Page 40 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Es/No: >15dB ID:London-New York This screen shows the receive path Es/No figure (energy per symbol to spectral noise density ratio) in large font for easy viewing. It shows the user-settable Modem Identifier on the bottom line of the screen.
  • Page 41 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Status-AUPC Screen Remote Eb/No: 8dB Power offset: 2.1dB Link: This screen is constantly updated with the following information: • Remote Eb/No: this is the instantaneous Eb/No measured by the remote modem while AUPC is enabled.
  • Page 42 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook • Slew: this shows the instantaneous slew rate is the target Eb/No level set for the remote modem. • Comms loss action: this shows the action to be taken in the event that communications with the remote modem fail –...

  • Page 43: Edit Menu

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.3.3 Edit Menu Edit: 1:All 2:Tx 3:Rx 4:Unit 5:Memories This menu contains the following options: • All. This option leads the user through the most commonly used modem settings, giving a quick way of setting up the modem. The sequence can be terminated at any time by pressing the MAIN key.
  • Page 44 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.3.3.1 Edit-Tx Menu Front Panel Edit-Tx Menus 7-15...
  • Page 45 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 1:Service 2:Baseband 3:Clocks 4:Modulation 5:FEC 6:Scrambler 7:Carrier 8:Interface The Edit/Tx menu contains the following options: • Service. This option allows the selection of the framing mode for the modem. • Baseband. This option leads to a submenu that allows terrestrial framing, timeslots and overhead to be configured.
  • Page 46 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook also provides a backward alarm facility. Above 32kbps a synchronous scrambler is used in place of the error-multiplying V.35 scrambler normally used on closed networks. This mode supports drop and insert and maintains timeslot identity. This mode is provided as part of the base modem.
  • Page 47 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Factory default: Framing mode for the Tx path. In general, on the Quantum, all Description: combinations of SCPC and DVB-S2 services are provided including DVB-S2 outbound with SCPC return, SCPC both outbound and inbound, DVB-S2 both outbound and inbound, etc.
  • Page 48 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.3.3.1.2 Edit-Tx-Baseband Menu Baseband: 1:Mode 2:Data rate 3:Audio mode 4:Advanced This menu contains the following options: • Mode. This controls the transmit baseband mode. • Data rate. This sets the terrestrial transmit data rate.
  • Page 49 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook carrier can be generated, comprising two 32kbps ADPCM audio channels, or a 128kbps carrier can be generated, comprising 64kbps data (from the modem main data interface) plus two 32kbps ADPCM audio channels.
  • Page 50 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Baseband-Advanced Menu Advanced: 1:Framing 2:Timeslots 3:Overhead When the user level is set to Advanced (see the Edit-Unit-Advanced-User Level screen), this menu allows configuration of framing, timeslots and overhead. Edit-Tx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing Menu 1:2048k mode 2:CAS...
  • Page 51 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing-2048k Mode Screen 2048k data format: [Unformatted] 1:Unformatted 2:G.732 Options: Unformatted G.732 Factory default: Unformatted IBS: G.732 is Intelsat N=30/1920kbps (Sat=2048k) mode, Unformatted is Description: N=32 (Sat=2184k) mode; IDR and Closed Network + ESC: G.732 aligns satellite frame with terrestrial for distant-end partial insert, Unformatted uses an arbitrary point for frame insertion.
  • Page 52 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing-TS Order Screen Remap timeslot order: [Do not map] 1:Do not map 2:Map Options: Do not map Do not allow timeslots to be reordered. Allow timeslots to be reordered. Factory default: Do not map Controls whether timeslots can be reordered within the G.732 frame prior...
  • Page 53 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing-CAS in TS16 Screen Process CAS in TS16: [No CAS] 1:No CAS 2:CAS Options: No CAS Factory default: No CAS Controls whether CAS information is processed and routed through the Description: satellite.
  • Page 54 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Options: No RBS Robbed bit signalling is not in operation or can be ignored. Robbed bit signalling is in use, with the least significant bit of each timeslot being used for signalling in frames 6 and 12 (D4) or 6, 12, 18 and 24 (ESF) of the terrestrial multiframe.
  • Page 55 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Options: Ignore CRC Specifies that the terrestrial G.732 frame does not contain a checksum or it should be ignored. Check CRC Specifies that the terrestrial G.732 frame does contain a checksum that should be checked for errors.
  • Page 56 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Options: Normal Specifies that no attempt is made to re-acquire terrestrial Drop/Insert frame synchronization if CRC synchronization cannot be achieved within 8ms. Resync if CRC lost for 8ms Specifies that re-acquisition of the terrestrial Drop/Insert frame synchronization should occur if CRC synchronization cannot be achieved within 8ms.
  • Page 57 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook No. timeslots used:0 to 31 [01] Step 1 New: 01 Units: Minimum value: Maximum value: Step size: Factory default: Controls the number of timeslots dropped off the terrestrial bearer and Description: sent over the satellite.
  • Page 58 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook entered on the Edit-Tx-Baseband-Advanced-Timeslots-Number Used Screen then the new value will not be accepted and the modem will remain on this screen. Note that when a valid sequence of timeslot numbers is accepted, it may take several seconds for the display to update due to the level of internal processing involved.
  • Page 59 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Baseband-Advanced-Timeslots-Maintain ID Screen Maintain timeslot ID over satellite: [Off] 1:Off 2:On Options: Timeslot identity will not be maintained. The modem will activate the satellite CAS multiframe in order to provide timeslot identity maintenance for certain numbers of timeslots.
  • Page 60 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Controls whether dropped timeslots are replaced with Idle code. If the Rx Description: data is to be inserted into the same timeslots as the Tx data has been dropped from then the Rx data will replace the Tx data and therefore this setting is irrelevant.
  • Page 61 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook ESC interface character length: [8 bits] 1:7 bits 2:8 bits ESC Character Length Screen ESC interface parity polarity: [None] New: None ESC Parity Screen ESC interface: [RS485] New: RS485 ESC Interface Screen...
  • Page 62 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook ESC Baud Rate Options: 110 baud 150 baud 300 baud 600 baud 1200 baud 2400 baud 4800 baud 9600 baud 19200 baud 38400 baud 57600 baud 76800 baud 115200 baud Factory default: 9600 baud Sets the baud rate of the ESC UART.
  • Page 63 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook ESC Interface See the description under Edit-Unit-Interface-ESC Interface Screen. ESC Backward Alarm Options: Factory default: Controls the ESC Backward alarm setting. Description: IBS/SMS Aux Mode Options: Intelsat over-sampled Synchronous Factory default: Controls the operating mode of the IBS Aux channel, controlling the Description: allocation of overhead between the Aux and ESC interfaces.
  • Page 64 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook High-rate ESC usage: [Maximum overhead] [P230 compatible] New: Maximum overhead High-rate ESC Usage Screen Max ESC rate: [9600] Maximum ESC Baud Rate Screen ESC interface parity polarity: [None] [None] New: None ESC Parity Screen...
  • Page 65 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Aux interface: [RS485] 1:RS232 2:RS422 3:RS485 4:IP Aux Interface Screen ESC level ch1:0 to 38dB [0] Step 2dB New: 0 ESC Audio Levels Screen Enable backward alarm: [On] 1:Off 2:On Backward Alarm Mode Screen These screens are explained in the following sections.
  • Page 66 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Allows backward compatibility with Paradise P230 unit. Requires Custom Description: SAF feature. Maximum ESC Baud Rate IBS/SMS uses a fixed frame format and therefore the amount of overhead is limited. This screen displays the maximum ESC baud rate that may be selected. The actual selection of the baud rate is done on the next screen.
  • Page 67 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook ESC Backward Alarm Options: Factory default: Controls the ESC Backward alarm setting. Description: Edit-Tx-Baseband-Advanced-Overhead-IDR Screens The following sequence of screens will appear consecutively when the IDR overhead option is selected. IDR 8k ESC: [Off]...
  • Page 68 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook ESC interface: [RS485] [RS485 New:RS485 ESC Interface Screen IDR ESC audio encoding: [2x32K in V1,V2] [2x32K in V1,V2] New: [2x32K in V1,V2] IDR ESC Audio Encoding Screen IDR Aux data: [Off] 1:Off...
  • Page 69 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook ESC level ch1:0 to 38dB [0] Step 2dB New: 0 ESC Audio Levels Screen These screens are explained in the following sections. IDR 8k ESC Options: Asynchronous Requires ESC SAF feature (standard on base modem). Provides up to a 9600-baud asynchronous channel.
  • Page 70 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook with Aux data as determined by the IDR Aux mode setting) 2x32k in V1,V2 The normal full 96kbps of IDR overhead is used, including two audio ESC channels encoded as 32kbps ADPCM, as well as the standard 32kbps for FAS, backward alarms and an 8kbps synchronous ESC channel .
  • Page 71 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Step size: Factory default: Sets the input/output levels for the IDR audio ESC channels. The two Description: channels can be configured independently. Backward Alarm Mode Options: Backward alarm 1-4 external Backward alarm 1 internal, backward alarm 2-4 external...
  • Page 72 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook The Tx clock is generated from the Rx output clock. This is only of any practical use when the Rx clock is set to Satellite or Station clock. Station The Tx clock is generated from the station clock.
  • Page 73 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Factory default: Allows a high stability reference signal to be transferred across satellite. Description: 7-44...
  • Page 74 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.3.3.1.4 Edit-Tx-Modulation Screen Modulation: [BPSK] 1:BPSK 2:QPSK 3:OQPSK 4:8PSK 5:16QAM 6:8QAM 7:16APSK 8:32APSK 9:64QAM The table shown under Edit-Tx-FEC-Inner defines normal operation with respect to FEC mode, FEC rate and modulation scheme.
  • Page 75 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Selects the modulation used for the carrier. (In DVB-S2 IP Description: multistreaming mode then there will be one of these screens for each stream, as each stream can have a separate modulation associated with it.) Trade-off between bandwidth efficiency, resilience to noise, and...
  • Page 76 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Modulation-Advanced-Bit Order Screen Tx swop BPSK I/Q bit order: [Off] 1:Off 2:On Factory default: Controls whether I and Q bits are swapped in BPSK mode. Description: 7.3.3.1.5 Edit-Tx-FEC Menu FEC: 1:Inner 2:Outer This menu contains the following options: •...
  • Page 77 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook FEC Mode FEC Rate Modulation Scheme Viterbi (default) 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 (default) BPSK, QPSK (default), OQPSK Sequential 1/2, 3/4, 7/8 BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK 8PSK 5/16 BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK 21/44 1/2 (Paradise) 2/3 (Paradise) 3/4 de facto 0.789 (Paradise)
  • Page 78 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook FEC to be switched back on. Viterbi Requires the Viterbi SAF feature (standard on base modem). Requires the TCM SAF feature, which is provided free with the 8PSK SAF feature. Requires the TPC SAF feature.
  • Page 79 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook operation, serial interface operation, etc., bringing the full efficiency benefits of DVB-S2 to all terrestrial data types, not just packet based interfaces. Once SmartLink has been selected, various other DVB-S2 configuration menu options become available, including choice of modulation and FEC rate, as well as DVB-S2 FEC frame size choice and DVB-S2 pilots.
  • Page 80 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook DVB-S2/SmartLink only. DVB-S2/SmartLink only. 0.477(21/44) TPC only. 0.493(1/2) Paradise TPC only. Viterbi/Sequential/DVB-S2/SmartLink only. DVB-S2/SmartLink only. TCM only. 0.666(2/3) Paradise TPC only. Viterbi/Sequential/DVB-S2/SmartLink only. .75(3/4) de facto TPC only. DVB-S2/SmartLink only. 0.789 Paradise TPC only.
  • Page 81 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook DVB-S2/SmartLink only. Viterbi/Sequential. 0.875(7/8) de facto TPC only. 0.875(7/8) Paradise TPC only. DVB-S2/SmartLink only. 9/10 DVB-S2/SmartLink only. 0.929 Paradise TPC only. 0.498 FastLink only. 0.531 FastLink only. 0.636 FastLink only. 0.707 FastLink only.
  • Page 82 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 0.775 FastLink only. 0.795 FastLink only. 0.825 FastLink only. 0.847 FastLink only. 0.882 FastLink only. 0.935 FastLink only. 0.956 FastLink only. Factory default: ½ Viterbi Sets the FEC code rate i.e. the number of bits input to the Forward Error...
  • Page 83 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-FEC-Sequential Compatibility Screen The following screen will be shown at this point if Sequential FEC has been selected: Comstream Seq Compatibility: [Off] 1: Off 2: On Options: Factory default: This switches the Sequential encoder/decoder to be Comstream Description: compatible at R3/4.
  • Page 84 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Normal Selects a DVB-S2 frame size of 64800 bits. Factory default: Short Sets the DVB-S2 FEC frame size. Description: Edit-Tx-FEC-Pilots Screen The following screen may be shown at this point after the FEC has been selected...
  • Page 85 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook • RS mode. This controls whether the Reed-Solomon outer-FEC encoder is active. • Advanced.This submenu allows custom values of n, k and interleaver depth to be set. Reed-Solomon FEC is a powerful scheme wrapped around the inner FEC that can be used to correct the remaining errors from the Viterbi and TCM inner FEC.
  • Page 86 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Requires Reed-Solomon SAF feature (standard in base modem). In this mode the Reed-Solomon FEC is active and the modem automatically chooses appropriate values for n, k and interleaver depth. Other Requires both the Reed-Solomon and Custom SAF features. In this mode, the user can choose the values of n, k and interleaver depth.
  • Page 87 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-FEC-Outer-Advanced RSN (Codeword Length) Screen RS n value:60 to 255symbols [126] Step 1 symbols New: 126 symbols Units: Minimum value: Maximum value: Step size: Factory default: Reed-Solomon codeword length, i.e. k data symbols + (n - k) parity Description: symbols, where (n - k)/2 symbol errors per codeword can be corrected.
  • Page 88 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-FEC-Outer-Advanced interleaver Depth Screen RS interleaver depth: [4 codewords] 1:4 codewords 2:8 codewords 3:12 codewords Options: 4 code-words 8 code-words 12 code-words 4 code-words Factory default: Controls resilience to burst errors (larger depth gives best BER) through Description: data dispersal at the expense of introducing processing delay.
  • Page 89 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Service Scrambler Availability IBS/SMS IBS/SMS (default), Intelsat-RS (available only if RS mode is On), V.35, OM-73, Turbo (available only if FEC mode is TPC) IDR, Closed Intelsat-RS (default if RS mode is On and FEC mode is not TPC;...
  • Page 90 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Scrambler-Type Screen Scrambler type: [V.35 New: V.35 Options: IBS/SMS Only available in Closed Network plus ESC (above 32kbps) and IBS/SMS. V.35 This self synchronizing scrambler will multiply the errors, degrading performance. Turbo Only available in when the TPC FEC is selected.
  • Page 91 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Fairchild Linkabit CCITT Factory default: Intelsat (normal) Controls the particular type of scrambler to apply when V.35 scrambling Description: is enabled. Only available when scrambler selection is set to Other. 7.3.3.1.7 Edit-Tx-Carrier Menu...
  • Page 92 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook The carrier is on and will remain on even after the equipment is switched off and on again. On-mute if outage (mute if power break) Mute on power break requires confirmation of transmission (i.e. selecting Edit/Unit/Advanced/Operation and select `Ack Pwr Bre`) following a power outage.
  • Page 93 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Carrier-Power Screen (L-band Modem) RF output power:-30 to -5dBm [-10.0] Step 0.1dBm New: -10.0 Units: -30.0 Minimum value: Maximum value: Step size: -30.0 Factory default: Tx L-band output power level. Description: Edit-Tx-Carrier-Frequency Screen (IF Modem) IF carrier freq: 50 to 90, 100 to 180MHz [070.0000] Step 100Hz...
  • Page 94 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Carrier-Frequency Screen (L-band Modem) IF carrier freq: 950 to 1950MHz [950.0000] Step 100Hz New: 950.0000 Units: 950.0000 Minimum value: 1950.0000 Maximum value Standard: 2050.0000 Maximum value if WRF enabled: 0.0001 Step size: 950.0000...
  • Page 95 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook This selects a filter roll-off factor of 25%. This selects a filter roll-off factor of 20%. Factory default: Controls the slope of the carrier at its edges and therefore has an effect...
  • Page 96 [Normal] New: Normal Options: Normal This should be selected when two Quantum/Evolution modems are at either ends of the satellite link. Self In this mode, the modem will adjust power output in an attempt to maintain the Eb/No at its target level using the Eb/No from its own received carrier rather than the Eb/No value being passed back from any remote modem.
  • Page 97 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook and may reduce ESC bandwidth requirements. Factory Normal default: This controls the AUPC method of operation. Description: Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-AUPC-Carrier-Loss-Action Screen Carrier loss action: [Freeze at current value] New: Freeze at current value Options:...
  • Page 98 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-AUPC-Eb/No Screen Target remote EbNo:0.1 to 14.9dB [3.1] Step 0.1dB New: 3.1 Units: Minimum value: 14.9 Maximum value: Step size: 10.0 Factory default: This is the distant Eb/No that AUPC tries to maintain by adjusting the Tx Description: power level.
  • Page 99 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-AUPC-Power-Negative Offset Screen Max neg. power off:0 to 25dBm [1.0] Step 0.1dBm New: 1.0 Units: Minimum value: Maximum value: Step size: Factory default: This is the maximum decrease in Tx power level that AUPC is allowed to Description: make to maintain distant Eb/No.
  • Page 100 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook • 1-for-1. This controls whether BUC services (i.e. DC supply and 10MHz reference) stay with the on-line modem or switch to the standby modem when a 1-for-1 switchover occurs in a 1-for-1 redundant pair of modems. Note that FSK communications will always be switched over.
  • Page 101 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC Type Screen BUC Type: [None] New: C 5.8 – 6.425 GHz Options: None There is no BUC attached or it is controlled independently. Other If you are not using a Paradise BUC, select Other and manually configure the BUC parameters.
  • Page 102 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Only available if FSK option fitted. LO frequency: 5475MHz INSATC 6.725 – 7.025 GHz (VSAT) Only available if FSK option fitted. LO frequency: 5775MHz Ku 14.0 – 14.5 GHz (VSAT) Only available if FSK option fitted. LO frequency: 13050MHz Offset Ku 13.75 –...
  • Page 103 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Units: -99.999 Minimum value: 99.999 Maximum value: 0.0000001GHz Step size: 0.000 Factory default: This screen allows the modem to be set to display and edit the final SHF Description: frequencies instead of the IF frequencies. When the BUC type has been...
  • Page 104 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Severe damage may occur if a DC supply is fed to a BUC not configured to be `Line powered`. Edit-Tx-Carrier-Advanced-BUC 10MHz Reference Screen 10MHz reference: [Off] 1: Off 2: On By selecting On, the modem’s internal 10MHz reference signal can be sourced from the modem up the coaxial site cable to the BUC.
  • Page 105 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Units: Minimum value: Maximum value: Step size: Factory default: This allows the user to vary the attenuator in the BUC. Typically this is Description: used when there is a short run from the modem to the BUC made with...
  • Page 106 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Interface-Port Screen (Quad E1 interface card) Port 1 mode:[Other] 1:Off 4:Abis 5:Ater 6:Other Options: The specified port on the Quad E1 card is not being used and is therefore disabled. The specified port on the Quad E1 card is being used between a PSTN (Packet Switched Telephone Network) and MSC (Mobile Switching Centre).
  • Page 107 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Tx-Interface-Number of Timeslots Screen (Quad E1 interface card) Port 1 no. timeslots: 0 to 32 [0] Step 1 New: 0 None Units: Minimum value: Maximum value: Step size: Factory default: This sets the number of timeslots dropped off the terrestrial bearer and...
  • Page 108 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook If the number of timeslots that are entered differ from the number entered on the previous screen then the new value will not be accepted and the modem will continue to display this screen until a valid value is entered.
  • Page 109 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Factory default: Sets the terrestrial bit rate, when the Quad E1 interface port three or port Description: four is used for multiplexed data. This must be configured in multiples of 64kbps. Interface selection is made via the Edit/unit/interface/terrestrial menus.
  • Page 110 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Each channel can be treated as being 8-bits wide, or alternateively as four 2- bit wide slots. Consequently, in order to match the specific GSM equipment that the Sat-ABIS interface is connected to, the menus allow the configuration of voice and signalling as channels or slots.
  • Page 111 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook If slots have been selected, then these screens allow the allocation of any slots between 0 to 127 (for E1 or 0 to 95 for T1) to voice and signal as appropriate.
  • Page 112 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.3.3.2 Edit-Rx Menu Front Panel Edit-Rx Menus 7-83...
  • Page 113 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 1:Service 2:Baseband 3:Clocks 4:Demodulate 5:FEC 6:Descrambler 7:Carrier 8:Rx=Tx 9:Interface This menu contains the following options: • Service. This option allows the selection of the framing mode for the modem. • Baseband. This option leads to a submenu that allows terrestrial framing, timeslots and overhead to be configured.
  • Page 114 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Rx-Baseband-Data Rate Screen See the description of the transmit path equivalent. Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced Menu See the description of the transmit path equivalent. Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing Menu 1:2048k mode 2:CAS 3:TS order 4:Insert 5:Bearer 6:G732 sig...
  • Page 115 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing-Insert Screen See the description of the transmit path equivalent. Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing-CAS in TS16 Screen See the description of the transmit path equivalent. Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Framing-T1 RBS Screen See the description of the transmit path equivalent.
  • Page 116 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook • Maintain ID. This controls whether timeslot identity has been maintained over satellite (i.e. whether the timeslots represent different data streams or are all part of the same stream). • Partial. This controls whether part or all of the received data is to be inserted into the terrestrial bearer.
  • Page 117 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Rx-Baseband-Advanced-Timeslots-Partial Timeslots Screen Sat data to insert in terr bearer : New:1 Options: Ignore Insert Factory default: Ignore When Partial Insert is active, controls whether the timeslot from the Description: satellite is to be inserted into the terrestrial bearer.
  • Page 118 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.3.3.2.3 Edit-Rx-Clocks-Source Screen Rx-path clock source: [Satellite] 1:Satellite 2:Tx Clock In 3:Internal 4:Station Options: Satellite This is the clock from the satellite. This is converted back to the rate required at the terrestrial port.
  • Page 119 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook If the Rx clock is set to Satellite, a G.703 interface card is fitted but not currently selected and the G.703 clock extension SAF feature is enabled then the following menu is displayed at this point: Gen G.703 as clock extension ref:...
  • Page 120 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Rx-Clocks-Advanced Menu Advanced: 1:Auto centre 2:Multiframe sync 3: Manual centre This menu contains the following options: • Auto centre. This controls whether the Rx (Doppler) buffer is centred following an Rx path recovery from failure.
  • Page 121 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Rx-Clocks-Advanced-Multiframe Sync Screen Maintain multiframe sync: [Maintain] 1:Do not maintain 2:Maintain Options: Do not maintain Maintain Factory default: Maintain Controls whether the Rx buffer should be increased when necessary to Description: maintain multi-frame sync when the buffer slips.
  • Page 122 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Rx-Demodulation-Sweep Screen Sweep mode: [Normal] 1:Normal (+/-32kHz) 2:Other Options: Normal In this mode the sweep width is controlled automatically by the modem. The width is always set to +/-32kHz by the modem.
  • Page 123 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook set to a lower value. Edit-Rx-Demodulation-Advanced Menu Advanced: 1:Symbol mapping 2:Bit order 3:Reacq holdoff This menu can be selected (when user level is set to Advanced) following the setting of the modulation type. It contains the following options: •...
  • Page 124 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Rx-FEC-Inner-Rate Screen See the description of the transmit path equivalent. Edit-Rx-FEC-Outer Menu See the description of the transmit path equivalent. Edit-Rx-FEC-Outer-RS Mode Screen See the description of the transmit path equivalent. Edit-Rx-FEC-Outer-RS Type Screen See the description of the transmit path equivalent.
  • Page 125 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Rx-Descrambler-Enable Screen See the description of the transmit path equivalent. Edit-Rx-Descrambler-Type Screen See the description of the transmit path equivalent. 7.3.3.2.8 Edit-Rx-Carrier Menu Carrier: 1:Frequency 2:Inversion 3:Roll-off 4:Advanced This menu has the following options: •...
  • Page 126 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook • LNB. This controls the LNB type, DC supply and 10MHz reference to the LNB, and 1:1 LNB control (whether LNB services stay with the failed modem or switch over to the backup modem on a failure).
  • Page 127 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook LO Frequency: 5150MHz C 3.635 – 4.200 GHz Ku 10.95 – 11.45 GHz. LO Frequency: 10000MHz LO Frequency: 10250MHz Ku 11.2 – 11.7 GHz LO Frequency: 10750MHz Ku 11.7 – 12.2 GHz Ku 12.25 –...
  • Page 128 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Rx-Carrier-Advanced-LNB PSU Menu DC voltage: [Off] New: The L-band modem can supply either 15V or 24V at 500mA to the LNB up the coaxial site cable or `line powered`. The options available are Off, 15V, 24V and Multiswitch. Note that the Multiswitch option selects the Global Communications LNB Multiswitch, allowing selection of a high-band/low-band LO and horizontal/vertical polarization.
  • Page 129 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Rx-Carrier-Advanced PCMA Menu PCMA: 1:Enable 2:Round trip delay This menu has the following options: • Enable. This is used to switch Paired Carrier off and on. Access to this menu option requires the Paired Carrier feature to have been previously enabled through the modem SAF mechanism.
  • Page 130 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook width form part of the normal setup of the modem even for non-overlapped carriers and work in the same way. The cancellation bandwidth itself is automatically deduced by the modem from the larger of the transmit and receive symbol rates and roll-off factors (i.e.
  • Page 131 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8. At each modem, set either location information or, alternatively, the round trip delay to satellite (Main, 2:Edit, 3:Rx, 7:Carrier, 4:Advanced, 2:PCMA, 2: Round Trip Delay). If location information is entered for the modem position then the satellite delay will be calculated automatically.
  • Page 132 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Rx-Carrier-Advanced-PCMA Round Trip Delay Screen Round trip delay: [Set location] New: Set delay Options: Set location Select this mode if you want the modem to automatically calculate the satellite round trip delay using coordinates that you enter for the modem and satellite positions.
  • Page 133 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook possible acquisition time, once Paired Carrier is working, it is recommended that the actual measured satellite delay shown on the Status-PCMA screen is used (-/+0.5ms) to set the minimum and maximum satellite delays.
  • Page 134 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Satellite lon: -180 to +180Degs [000.00] Step 0.01Degs New: 000.00 + = E - = W Degs Units: -180.00 Minimum value: +180.00 Maximum value: 0.01 Step size: 000.00 Factory default: The longitudinal position of the satellite. The modem front panel Up and Description: Down arrow keys are used for setting ‘+’...
  • Page 135 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Max delay: 0 to 300ms [000.00] Step 0.01ms New: 000.00 Units: 000.00 Minimum value: 300.00 Maximum value: 0.01 Step size: 000.00 Factory default: The maximum satellite round trip delay. This value directly affects the Description: modem acquisition time.
  • Page 136 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook provides an option to originate the bearer in relation to each Quad E1 interface port, as follows. Edit-Rx-Interface-Generate Bearer Screen Port 1 generate bearer: [Loop (auto-originate)] New: Originate In relation to the specific port of the Quad E1 card, this controls the origination of a terrestrial bearer from the Insert MUX.
  • Page 137 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.3.3.3 Edit-Unit Menu Front Panel Edit-Unit Menus 7-108...
  • Page 138 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 1:Identity 2:Interface 3:M&C 4:Clocks 5:User 6:Time 7:Advanced The Edit/Unit menu contains the following options: • Identity. This is a user-assigned field that is typically the unique modem name, number or location. •...
  • Page 139 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.3.3.3.2 Edit-Unit-Interface Menu 1:Terrestrial 2:RF 3: ESC 4:Aux This menu contains the following options: • Terrestrial. This allows the selection of the terrestrial interface that is routed through to the main traffic channel of the modem.
  • Page 140 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook RS232 Available at data rates of up to 100kbps. V.35 Available at data rates of up to 10Mbps. G.703 Available at data rates of T1, E1, T2, E2, T3 and E3. Available at all data rates. When the P3714 IP Traffic card is fitted then this will be enabled and the IP Traffic port on the base modem will be disabled.
  • Page 141 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Sets the terrestrial interface communications standard. Description: After selecting the terrestrial interface, a number of different screens from amongst the following will be displayed, depending on the terrestrial interface type. Edit-Unit-Interface-Terrestrial-IP Mode Screen...
  • Page 142 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-Interface-Terrestrial-IP Ethernet Traffic Mode Screen Ethernet traffic mode: [Brouting mode] New: Bridge mode Options: Bridge mode Select this mode for ordinary Ethernet over satellite bridging, i.e. point-to-point systems. In this mode, the Ethernet bridge builds up bridging information based on the replies it receives back, allowing it to ascertain which network segments devices are located on.
  • Page 143 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Brouting mode Select this mode for all point-to-multipoint or unidirectional IP systems where there is an indirect return path (i.e. not via satellite). Both the Tx and Rx modems should have brouting enabled. In this mode, the Ethernet...
  • Page 144 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-Interface-Terrestrial-TCP Acceleration TCP accelaration: [No TCP acceleleration] New:[No TCP accelaration] Options: TCP acceleration mode This mode provides routing of non-TCP packets combined with acceleration of TCP packets using a Performance Enhancing Proxy (PEP) that overcomes performance problems associated with using standard TCP over satellite.
  • Page 145 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook In this mode, the bridge will discard all traffic other than that destined for the local subnet. This can be useful in preventing network loops from occurring. A network loop can be created, for example, in a point-to-...
  • Page 146 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-Interface-Terrestrial-Enable Default OSPF Configuration Enable default OSPF configuration: [Disable OSPF] New:[Disable OSPF] Options: Use OSPF enabled default Turns on the OSPF dynamic routing protocol by setting a default configuration that will be sufficient in most cases. The configuration can be further tuned, if required, as specified in the TCP/IP white paper at http://www.paradisedata.com//whitepapers.php.
  • Page 147 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-Interface-Terrestrial-Enable Default RIP Configuration Enable default RIP configuration: [Disable RIP] New:[Disable RIP] Options: Use RIP enabled default Turns on the RIP dynamic routing protocol by setting a default configuration that will be sufficient in most cases. The configuration can be further tuned,...
  • Page 148 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook the layer 2 IEEE 802.1q VLAN header. The packets must already be tagged at the point of entry to the modem. Priority 7 is typically used for network-critical traffic such as dynamic routing protocol packets; priorities 5 and 6 for video and voice, etc.
  • Page 149 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook address must be manually entered. The traffic port IP address is not directly used in straight bridging mode (although the address must be a valid one for the local network in point-to-point bridging mode). The IP address is however used in modes using TCP acceleration and header compression.
  • Page 150 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7-121...
  • Page 151 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-Interface-Satellite Port IP Address Satellite port IP address: [000.000.000.000] New:[000.000.000.000] 0.0.0.0 Factory default: Sets the IP traffic address for the satellite interface when the modem is Description: in routing mode. Edit-Unit-Interface-Terrestrial-Satellite Port IP Netmask Satellite port IP netmask: [255.255.255.255]...
  • Page 152 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Sets the IP traffic gateway for the satellite interface when the modem is Description: in routing mode. Edit-Unit-Interface-Terrestrial-IP VLAN Filtering Screen Enable VLAN filtering:[Off] 1:Off 2:On Options: In this mode, VLAN tags are not generated or removed by the modem. This means that no filtering of traffic based on VLAN id takes place.
  • Page 153 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-Interface-Terrestrial-IP VLAN ID Screen VLAN ID:0 to 4094 [0000] Step 1 New: 0000 None Units: Minimum value: 4094 Maximum value: Step size: Factory default: Sets a specific value of VLAN id. This is required only for remote Description: modems –...
  • Page 154 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook page checking for in-line objects such as images. These images do not form part of the web page and are requested separately by the web browser. If the web page contains multiple embedded images or objects...
  • Page 155 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook transmission over satellite. This protocol is widely supported and is therefore useful for interoperability. Selects Ultra-Lightweight Encapsulation as the protocol for encapsulating IP packets and Ethernet frames into MPEG2 transport stream packets for transmission over satellite.
  • Page 156 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook are being generated by a non-Paradise modulator – a Paradise modulator will always set the MPE MAC address to all zeros or the modulator’s MAC address, depending on whether it is in bridging or routing mode.)
  • Page 157 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-Interface-Terrestrial-G.703 Data Rate Screen G.703 data rate: [T1] 1:T1 2:E1 3:T2 4:E2 #:T3 #:E3 Options: Requires terrestrial data rate to be 1.544Mbps. Requires terrestrial data rate to be 2.048Mbps. Requires terrestrial data rate to be 6.312Mbps.
  • Page 158 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Options: Unbalanced Balanced Factory default: Unbalanced Sets the G.703 line format. Description: Edit-Unit-Interface-Terrestrial-G.703 Line Encoding Screen G.703 line encoding: [AMI] 1:AMI #:B3ZS #:B6ZS 4:B8ZS #:HDB3 Options: B3ZS B6ZS B8ZS HDB3 Factory default: Selects the different line coding available for the required data rate.
  • Page 159 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-Interface-Terrestrial-G.703 Line Length Screen G.703 line length: [133m] 1:133m 2:266m 3:399m 4:533m 5:655m Options: 133m 266m 399m 533m 655m Factory default: 133m Allows the signal to be pre-compensated to cope with differing lengths of Description: standard `ABAM` cable.
  • Page 160 M&C messages over the satellite ESC channel at the same time as IP packets, provided that the M&C messages are prefixed with ESC as described in the document ‘Remote M&C Specification for Quantum and Evolution Series Satellite Modems’. The RS485-Local and RS485-Remote modes are referred to as Link- Local and Link-Remote, respectively.
  • Page 161 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook modem without the need for external loopback cables between the Async ESC and Remote M&C ports. The following drawing shows the internal connections that are made. ESC Tx ESC Rx M&CRx M&CTx...
  • Page 162 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook The effect of Link-Remote is to loop back whatever is received over the modem’s satellite ESC channel to the modem’s M&C port and to transmit over the satellite ESC channel whatever is transmitted by the modem out of its M&C port.
  • Page 163 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-M&C Menu 1:Control 2:Password 3:Timeout 4:Interface 5:Baud 6:RS485 addr 7:Gateway 8:IP addr 9:Subnet mask This menu contains the following options: • Control. This controls whether modem control is via the front panel (local), via a remote interface (Giveaway) or whether all interfaces are allowed to control the modem (Takeaway).
  • Page 164 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook accepts commands from any interface at any time (relying on clear operational procedures to prevent conflicting requests). Edit-Unit-M&C-Password Screen Remote admin password: Factory default: paradise Modem password for remote admin user login (login name is admin).
  • Page 165 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-M&C-Timeout Screen Auto-logout period:1 to 720mins [060] Step 1mins New: 060 mins Units: Minimum value: Maximum value: Step size: Factory default: Specifies the period of time without any user input activity after which a Description: user is logged out.
  • Page 166 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook instead. IP – Remote (Rem M&C) This allows the serial M&C data, received via IP from the local Modem to be used at the distant end serial ports. (Compared to IP – Remote mode, this setting changes the direction of the driven lines from the distant end Modem to account for RS485 cabling differences).
  • Page 167 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Specifies the remote control serial interface mode. Description: 7-138...
  • Page 168 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook The table below highlights the change in RS485 pinout when IP-Remote or IP-Remote (Rem M&C) is selected. Please refer to chapter 11 for full connector pinouts. Signal Direction Name-RS485 name Paradise Paradise IP - Remote IP –...
  • Page 169 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-M&C-Baud Rate Screen Baud rate: [9600 baud ] New: 9600 baud Options: 110 baud 150 baud 300 baud 600 baud 1200 baud 2400 baud 4800 baud 9600 baud 19200 baud 38400 baud...
  • Page 170 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Units: Minimum value: Maximum value: Step size: Factory default: Specifies the unit's RS485 address. Description: Edit-Unit-M&C-Gateway Screen Remote control port IP gateway: 010.000.070.002 [010.000.070.002] 0.0.0.0 Factory default: Sets the IP address of a default gateway. The gateway represents the Description: ‘next hop’...
  • Page 171 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook the new address unless the ARP table on the device is flushed (the ARP table is used to match IP addresses and MAC addresses). Edit-Unit-M&C-IP Subnet Mask Screen Remote control port IP netmask: [255.255.000.000]...
  • Page 172 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-Clocks-Station Clock Use Screen Station clock use: [Replace internal 10MHz clock] New: Replace internal 10MHz clock Options: Replace internal 10MHz clock Do not replace 10MHz clock Factory default: Replace internal 10MHz clock Controls the function of the station clock i.e.
  • Page 173 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-User Level Screen User level: [Advanced] 1: Basic 2: Advanced Options: Basic Advanced Factory default: Advanced Enables or disables advanced menu options. By selecting the basic Description: setting, many menus and options become unavailable, thereby simplifying the menu structure when the more advanced modem features are not required.
  • Page 174 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Units: 9.9E-15 Minimum value: 1.0E-2 Maximum value: 0.1E1 Step size: 1E-4 Factory default: Sets the error-rate threshold above which a deferred alarm will be Description: generated. This alarm can be switched off or on using the BER threshold alarm option of the Edit-Unit-Advanced-Alarms-Actions menu.
  • Page 175 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Units: Minimum value: 9999 Maximum value: Step size: Factory default: Sets the threshold period for consecutive buffer slips above which a Description: deferred alarm is generated. A setting of 0 (zero) disables this alarm.
  • Page 176 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Units: Minimum value: Maximum value: Step size: Factory default: When AUPC is active, sets the trip threshold at which a fault is declared Description: when the distant end Eb/No is outside the limit.
  • Page 177 The Q323 interface card was a modified version of the standard Q302 G703 card, which could be fitted to P300 series modems. The following menu screens allow Quantum and Evolution series modems to be compatible with P300 series modems fitted with Q323 interface cards.
  • Page 178 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook TS1-31 is inverted. Factory default: Description: Controls whether TS1-31 Data is inverted through the modem. Note: this is the same as SW3-1 within the Q323 definition. TS0 bit 0 CRC4 (Q323 Switch 2) : [Off]...
  • Page 179 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook If Switch 1 is ON, then TS16 transparent. Factory default: Description: Controls whether TS16 is inverted or transparent. Note: this is the same as SW3-3 within the Q323 definition. Invt bit 1,2,5,6 (Q323 Switch 4) : [Off]...
  • Page 180 As above with CRC4 multi-frame in TS0 bit 1 1 = switch on, 0 = switch off When transparent TS16 options are selected and the P300/Quantum/Evolution are in drop and insert mode, the modems must be set to maintain timeslot identities if TS16 is part of the drop and insert group.
  • Page 181 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Spoof 2M AIS and BA Factory default: Description: Controls whether thin route spoofing is enabled or not. Edit-Unit-Advanced-Operation-Rx Mute Screen Mute on sync loss: [Off] 1:Off 2:On Options: Do not mute the terrestrial output on loss of demodulator lock.
  • Page 182 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Units: Minimum value: 99.0 Maximum value: Step size: Factory default: User-defined Eb/No threshold used in sun outages to mute the terrestrial Description: output (see previous screen). Edit-Unit-Advanced-Operation-1 For 1 Switch To Standby Screen...
  • Page 183 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Edit-Unit-Advanced-Operation-Ack Pwr Brk Screen This allows the transmit carrier to be restored following a mains power failure, if the transmit carrier control has been set to `on-mute if outage`. Please see Edit/Tx/Carrier menus.
  • Page 184 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Controls what language is used on all user interfaces. Note that this Description: causes the modem to reset in order for the change to take effect. Edit-Unit-Advanced-1-for-N Screen 1:N address : 1 to 16...
  • Page 185 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook This causes the modem to ignore loss of demod lock, which could otherwise cause a 1:N changeover. Transmit fail switchover: [Off] 1:Off 2:On This causes the modem to ignore loss of incoming data to the modulator that could otherwise cause a 1:N changeover.

  • Page 186: View Menu

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.3.4 View Menu In general, the View menu provides access to a summary of the information entered via the Edit menus. Consequently, these menus are not described in detail here. View: 1:Unit...
  • Page 187 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook towards the terrestrial interface. Remote loopback refers to returning remote signals traveling in the direction of the terrestrial interface, back towards the satellite interface. • BER test. This feature provides the ability to inject a test pattern into the modem, through the main traffic channel or via an overhead channel and to monitor the results, using the modem’s internal Pseudo-Random-Bit-Sequence (PRBS) Bit Error Rate...
  • Page 188 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Options: Interface Interface (local and remote) Framer/deframer (local) RS (local) FEC (local) IF (local) Factory default: Allows a number of loopbacks to be selected to aid fault diagnosis and Description: resolution of system level problems.
  • Page 189 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Test-BER Test Menu BER test: 1:Tx 2:Rx 3:Results This menu contains the following options: • Tx. This allows the setup of the internal Pseudo-Random-Bit-Sequence (PRBS) Bit Error Rate (BER) Tester for the Tx path.
  • Page 190 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Test-BER-Tx Screen 1:Mode 2:Channel 3:Pattern This menu contains the following options: • Mode. This is used to switch the BER tester on and off. • Channel. This option allows the BER test pattern to be injected in either the main traffic channel of the modem or in an overhead channel.
  • Page 191 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Test-BER-Tx-Channel Screen BER channel: [Main channel] New: Main channel Options: Main channel This substitutes the selected PRBS test pattern in place of the Tx main traffic channel. ESC channel This selects the ESC channel as the path into which the PRBS test pattern is injected.
  • Page 192 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Test-BER-Tx-Pattern Screen BER pattern: [PRBS 15] New: Alt 10 Options: Alt 10, All 1, All 0, PRBS 20-0151, PRBS 15, PRBS 11, User, QRSS, PRBS 23, PRBS 20-0153, PRBS 19, PRBS 9, PRBS 7, PRBS 6, 3 in 24, 1 in 16, 2 in 8, 1 in 8, 1 in 4, Alt 1100 Selects the desired test pattern.
  • Page 193 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Note that pressing 1 on the key pad while on this screen will inject an error and that pressing 2 will restart the test. Pressing the Down arrow key at any point displays the following screen.
  • Page 194 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Factory default: Selecting Tx alt 1,0 causes an alternating 1,0,1,0 ……pattern to be fed to Description: the modulator at the symbol rate. This causes two discrete frequencies to be generated, spaced at the symbol rate about the (suppressed) carrier.
  • Page 195 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Selecting IDR Rx tone on enables a 1KHz 0dBm level tone to be generated towards the terrestrial equipment in both audio channels. Note that these are toggle on/off functions and when disabled will be shown as hashed out (#).

  • Page 196: Web User Interface

    (available on port 80). Secure connections via HTTPS (port 443) are also supported. Microsoft Internet Explorer V6.0 and above is supported as standard. Paradise Datacom has a policy of avoiding the use of non- standard browser extensions in its software wherever possible but cannot guarantee correct operation with any other browser, although from time-to-time we do check operation with other popular browsers.
  • Page 197 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Web User Interface Login Screen On successfully logging in, the user will be presented with the following screen. Web Server Welcome Screen The “view only access” message may be displayed depending upon login conditions.
  • Page 198 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook On entering the web site, the user will then be presented with the following status screen: Modem Status Screen The line of buttons across the top of the display give access to the major modem functions, while the tabs give access to individual features.

  • Page 199: Graphing Features

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Typical Screen Showing Edit Boxes and Drop Down Boxes A user can logout at any time by clicking on the logout button. This brings up the following message box (note that responding Yes will automatically close the Internet Explorer session).
  • Page 200 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook properly if an incompatible/older version of the JRE is installed (see the web page Help box for more information). The first time that a graph is displayed, the following message will pop up. This is because the Java applet requires privileges to run and therefore includes a security certificate.
  • Page 201 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook useful for identifying transient signals such as intermittent interference, which may be present. Signal Spectrum Graph 7.4.2.2 Constellation Graph An example signal constellation graph is shown below. This can be used to check for correct modem operation including issues such as distortion and phase noise.
  • Page 202 All of the results can be retrieved from the modem (perhaps for use in quality reports) using one of the remote interfaces – see the ‘Remote M&C Specification for Quantum and Evolution Series Satellite Modems’ for more details. In fact, remote control commands can be used to start the automatic recording of any parameter within the modem, whether or not these are supported as graphs on the web interface.
  • Page 203 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook • Modem internal temperature. • Receive frequency offset from centre frequency. Similarly IP traffic information, IP packets, dropped packets and errors can also be displayed for both Tx and Rx. These graphs are sub-divided into IP traffic, M&C and satellite categories.

  • Page 204: Configuration Memories

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Satellite Traffic Graph 7.4.3 Configuration Memories In common with the local user interface, the web interface allows the storing of user configurations to memory on the modem and the recall of these later. However, the web interface also allows these memories to be uploaded and downloaded to and from a PC.
  • Page 205 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Configuration Memory Download Screen Configuration Memory Upload Screen 7-176...

  • Page 206: Interface Configurations

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.4.4 Interface Configurations Interface Configuration Screen Quality of Service is based on IEEE 802.1p priority tagging. It uses a 3-bit field within the VLAN tag as a means of prioritising packets. The modem responds to the priority level set in the VLAN tag when the packet is received.

  • Page 207: Timeslots

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook onto the local terrestrial IP network. Note that the use of point-to-multipoint VLAN filtering relies on the modem generating and removing VLAN tags and it cannot therefore be used in situations where VLAN tags are already present in the data at the point at which it is passed to the modem for transmission.

  • Page 208: System Log

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Transmit Timeslot Selection Screen 7.4.6 System Log The system log can be viewed using the View-Log menu tab. An example log is shown overleaf. System Log Screen 7-179...

  • Page 209: System Alarms

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.4.7 System Alarms System alarms can be viewed using the View-Alarms menu tab. An example screen is shown overleaf. System Alarms Screen 7.4.8 On-line Installation and Operation Handbook This handbook is available on-line via the Help button. The handbook appears in a pop- up window, allowing it to be kept open in the background, as shown overleaf.

  • Page 210: On-Line Installation And Operation Handbook

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook On-line Installation and Operation Handbook 7.4.9 SAF Screen The features available can be seen from the View-SAF menu screen. This screen also allows a test shot to be started or stopped. If a 10 day test shot is active the word ‘Demo’...

  • Page 211: Saf Screen

    An SNMP MIB is provided on the modem and can be downloaded from the SNMP Configuration screen. The SNMP facilities of the modem are documented in the ‘Remote M&C Specification for Quantum and Evolution Series Satellite Modems’. The SNMP configuration screen (found under the Edit-Unit-M&C-Advanced menu tab) is shown overleaf.

  • Page 212: Remote Software Upgrade

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook SNMP Configuration Screen 7.4.11 Remote Software Upgrade 7.4.11.1 Overview It is possible to update the software and firmware within the modem via the Remote M&C Ethernet web user interface (upgrades via the serial M&C port are not supported). Please read the notes overleaf before proceeding.
  • Page 213 7.4.11.2 Procedure This procedure allows a Quantum or Evolution series modem to be upgraded with the latest version of software. Failure to follow this procedure could render the modem...
  • Page 214 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook e. At the command prompt enter: fbupgrade <modem IP address> You should see a PC screen similar to the following after which the modem will automatically restart: Typical screen response seen during fbupgrade 2.

  • Page 215: Ez Bert Option

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Remote Software Upgrade Screen 7.4.12 EZ BERT Option The internal PRBS BER Tester allows pseudo-random bit patterns to be injected into the main traffic or overhead channel and the BER results to be monitored. Use of the ESC and AUX channels allows continuous real traffic BER performance monitoring whilst the modem carries traffic.
  • Page 216 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook EZ BERT Generator / Analyser Screen Data Invert allows an inverted data bit stream to be transmitted (or received if selected on the analyser). The Inject Error button can be used to inject a single error into the bit pattern, which should increment the number of bit errors by one.

  • Page 217: Modem Email Function

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.4.13 Modem Email Function When providing Quality of Service reports to satellite-services end users, it would be extremely useful to be able to easily include pertinent performance information from the modem. The modem supports this by incorporating the desired status information into emails that can be sent anywhere –...
  • Page 218 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook The email configuration screen (found under Edit-Unit-M&C-Email menu tab) is shown below. Email Configuration Screen As an example of how to use email data within a spreadsheet, consider the case of graphing constellation data. This can be done through the following steps: •...
  • Page 219 Complete the contact details and type your request and send the email. The email is automatically sent to Paradise Datacom’s technical support team. Note that the SMTP email server address has to be entered on the email configuration screen for this function to work.

  • Page 220: Ip Static Routes

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Paradise Datacom Customer Technical Support Enquiry Screen 7.4.14 IP Static Routes If you wish to work with more than one subnet, the web user interface allows up to 64 static routes to be added.

  • Page 221: Header Compression

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Static Route Configuration Screen Each route consists of a Destination IP Address, Subnet Mask and a Gateway Address. There is a checkbox for each route that enables the route when checked. Note that Paradise does not recommend using DHCP to allocate the modem an M&C IP address...
  • Page 222 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Mask. There is a checkbox for each route that enables the route when selected. This allows the user to apply header compression to selected routes. The following will be compressed when the feature is enabled: •...

  • Page 223: Fetching Web Pages From A Remote Modem

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 7.4.16 Fetching Web Pages from a Remote Modem When a framed service is selected, it is possible to use the ESC channel to fetch web pages from a remote modem, thereby allowing M&C control of the remote modem via the normal web interface.
  • Page 224 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook The predistorter is adaptive, i.e. no prior knowledge of the nonlinearity is required. The transmit constellation is adaptively tuned to optimize the Rx constellation. The predistorter operates in a closed loop that contains the nonlinear amplifier(s) to be compensated.
  • Page 225 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook being transmitted, Tx traffic may be disrupted. Once the channel has been sounded, a conventional unpredistorted 16QAM constellation is transmitted. The resulting demodulated constellation is captured and displayed in the top right of the predistorter monitor pane.
  • Page 226 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Predistorter Screen showing convergence after 90 iterations 7-197...

  • Page 227: Chapter 8 Modem Concepts

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Chapter 8 Modem Concepts 8.1 Doppler, Plesiochronous Buffering and Clocking There are two terms commonly used when referring to the receive buffering, namely Doppler and Plesiochronous. Receive Doppler buffering is required because the incoming data from...

  • Page 228: Transmit Clocking

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.1.1 Transmit Clocking There are three transmit clocking modes that are used in the modem. 8.1.1.1 Internal Clock When Internal is selected, the modem, which is always configured to be a DCE (Data Communications Equipment), supplies the clock.
  • Page 229 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Tx Data Tx Clock (TT) Internal Tx Clock (ST) Modem Tx Data Interface FIFO TCXO VCXO External Tx Clock Mode 8.1.1.3 Receive Reference When Receive Reference is selected, it allows the modem to provide an ST clock to the DTE that is locked to the receive satellite signal.

  • Page 230: Receive Clocking

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.1.2 Receive Clocking There are four receive clocking modes that are used in the modem. 8.1.2.1 Satellite When Satellite is selected, the modem disables the Rx Doppler buffer and derives a clock from the incoming satellite signal.
  • Page 231 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Rx Data Rx Clock (RT) Modem Rx Data Interface Rx Buffer Data from VCXO decoder/deframer Tx Clock (TT) Tx Data I/F Tx FIFO Tx Clock In Rx Clock Mode 8.1.2.3 Station Clock When Station is selected, the modem’s Rx timing is phase locked to the station clock...

  • Page 232: Guidelines For Clocking Configuration

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.1.2.4 Internal Clock When Internal is selected, the modem’s Rx timing is phase locked to the modem’s internal clock but is run at the Rx data rate frequency. The Rx Doppler buffer is enabled.
  • Page 233 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Set the Tx and Clock modes as follows to use the clock listed: Clock from the interface / terrestrial network: Tx Clock = Tx clk in, Rx Clock = Tx clk in.
  • Page 234 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Where: • Lc is the local clock accuracy (e.g.  1 x 10 • Rc is the remote clock accuracy (e.g.  1 x 10 • Ms is the Minimum slip period in days (e.g. 40 days) then the required Plesiochronous Buffer size (middle to end) in seconds is: Buffer size (Bs) = Ms x 24 x 60 x 60 x (Lc + Rc).
  • Page 235 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Allows a high stability reference signal to be transferred across satellite. Description: If the user selects Off then the internal data rate clock generated by the modem is locked to the modem’s internal high stability clock reference. This is the same as the original internal clock mode of operation.

  • Page 236: Framing And Drop/Insert Overview

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.2 Framing and Drop/Insert Overview IBS/SMS Framing 8.2.1 IBS/SMS Service Features The Intelsat definition of IBS framing (IESS 309) is intentionally very similar to Eutelsats SMS framing (EESS 501 ‘SMS QPSK/FDMA System Specification’), as they are both designed to allow common equipment to provide for both services.
  • Page 237 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook used for example with external or internal BER testers to provide a continuous measurement of the live BER. IBS/SMS Definition Frame Format IBS framing is a derivative of the framing used on 2048kbps PCM bearers within Europe specified in ITU-G.732.
  • Page 238 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook equally exist at the Tx end (modulator, upconverter, HPA etc). The backward alarm is normally a `deferred alarm`, meaning it should be checked but it is not necessarily a failure of the traffic path at this end.
  • Page 239 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 2) Timeslot identity (ID) maintenance, ie which 8 bits relate to which timeslot (first, second, third etc) within the data stream. The data from each timeslot appears as a set of 8 bits from each terrestrial frame. Timeslot boundary maintenance is provided by placing the data into the IBS frame, timeslot aligned after TS0.
  • Page 240 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook PCM channels (timeslots 1-15 and 16-31) and these are carried sequentially in pairs in TS16 (there is no signalling channel for TS0 nor TS16, as TS0 is reserved for the Frame Alignment Word, and TS16 carries the signalling for the other timeslots).
  • Page 241 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook maintained. In effect if two timeslots were dropped from T1-D4 and T1-ESF bearers with RBS support enabled, although the aggregate data rate would be only 128kbps plus 6.7% overhead, the frame and multiframe structure would be as to support N=24 and N=48 respectively (N x 12 for D4, and N x 24 for ESF as D4/ESF have 12/24 frames per multiframe, relative to which RBS is placed).
  • Page 242 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook CAS MULTIFRAME SUMMARY TS Identity Maintenance Method & Length of CAS Multiframe (in frames) Any Drop/Insert G.732 Drop/Insert T1-D4 T1-ESF mode with CAS RBS mode RBS Mode without signalling TS 32 CAS = 8...

  • Page 243: Idr Framing

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook IDR Framing 8.2.2 IDR Service Features The Intelsat definition of IDR framing is in IESS 308. Eutelsat have a similar system defined in EESS 203 "Intermediate Rate Digital Carriers (IDC), Earth Station Standard" which simply cross refers back to the Intelsat IESS 308 standard for the Channel Unit Characteristics, and so the Modem equipment required for these services is identical.

  • Page 244: Automatic Uplink Power Control

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.3 Automatic Uplink Power Control Authorisation from the satellite operator should be sought before AUPC is activated. 8.3.1 Introduction Automatic Uplink Power Control (AUPC) provides a mechanism to counteract changes in atmospheric conditions, such as rain, that degrade the performance of satellite links. It...

  • Page 245: 1-For-1 Operation

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 3. Optionally set a target Eb/No minimum threshold to generate a Backward Alarm if you want an indication of when the distant Eb/No falls below the threshold. 4. Set the AUPC mode to monitor the distant Eb/No in order to determine if it is working correctly (i.e.

  • Page 246: Switching Philosophy

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook The pair of units, connected as shown, may be used as a direct replacement for a single unit, with all connectors and pin assignments remaining the same. A particular advantage of this arrangement is that one unit of the pair may be replaced without interrupting traffic.

  • Page 247: Software Activated Features

    To enable one or more features permanently (referred to as Permanent Mode), a modem-specific feature code needs to be obtained from Paradise Datacom. The code is tied to the modem serial number (available via the user interfaces and on the back panel).

  • Page 248: Software Upgrading

    SAF features available at the time of publication of this handbook is shown in Section 6.3 (please contact your supplier or Paradise Datacom Sales for the most up to date list). Please check with your supplier or Paradise Datacom whether a particular feature requires a hardware option card to be fitted.

  • Page 249: Choosing Optimum Custom Reed-Solomon Values

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook stamping on the 6 timeslots for this destination from the first Rx modem. However Rx modem 3, still has 18 timeslots to insert, but 12 of the timeslots on the T1 bearer now contain receive information from Rx modems 1 and 2, and so Rx modem 3 cannot insert all its data without losing data from another destination.
  • Page 250 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Practical values for Reed-Solomon code rate will depend on the amount of overhead the circuit can tolerate. For overheads between 1.6% and 30% the table below gives practical values of (n, k, t) with the error correction at its maximum.

  • Page 251: Data And Symbol Rates

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Optimum Optimum Optimum (n,k,t) (n,k,t) (n,k,t) (254,250,2) (202,182,10) (115,95,10) (204,200,2) (187,167,10) (111,91,10) (206,200,3) (174,154,10) (107,87,10) (208,200,4) (163,143,10) (103,83,10) (210,200,5) (153,133,10) (100,80,10) (247,233,7) (145,125,10) (97,77,10) (245,229,8) (138,118,10) (94,74,10) (243,225,9) (131,111,10) (91,71,10) (242,222,10) (125,105,10)

  • Page 252: Determining Maximum Esc Baud Rates

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook The Data Rate is normally the frequency of the clock used on the terrestrial port however if Drop/Insert is active the Data Rate is 64kbps times the number of timeslots dropped/Inserted. As the modem uses PSK (Phase Shift Keying) the Symbol Rate is the rate of phase changes on the carrier.
  • Page 253 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Baud Rate = (Main data rate/15) x (O/H bits allocated/32) x (Bauds per Character/9) where: Main data rate: The main modem data rate, eg 64000bps (/15 gives total overhead) O/H bits allocated:...
  • Page 254 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Figures: Overhead rate with backward alarm (/ Overhead rate without backward alarm, if different) Main data channel rates ESC rates 9.6kbps 16kbps 64kbps 256kbps 512kbps 1024kbps 2048kbps 2400 33.3% 5% / 4.8% 1.25% /...
  • Page 255 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.11 Tutorial on Carrier/Noise and Eb/No Measurements This brief tutorial explains what the terms mean and how to measure and interpret the figures you see. The diagram on the following page summarises the situation. A table is included that converts between values measured on a spectrum analyser and actual Eb/No values.
  • Page 256 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook through the FEC Decoder E is higher than E as the same power is referenced to a lower bit rate. Allowing for the change in bit rate in the FEC decoder gives:...
  • Page 257 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook When you look at BER performance figures at a specified E you get the same BER performance whether the data is framed or not. Adding framing to a Closed Network link would increase the bandwidth, decrease the Carrier/Noise, decrease the displayed E (as it does not compensate for framing) and therefore degrade the BER.
  • Page 258 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Eb/NoExplanatory Diagram 8-32...
  • Page 259 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Tables to Convert (C+N)/N to Eb/No 2.75 Adjust for Adjust for Adjust for 3.05 modulation: FEC Rate: RS Codec: BPSK: -0dB 1/2 Rate: +3.0dB (n,k,t)= QPSK: -3.0dB 3/4 Rate: (126,112,7): +0.51dB +1.25dB OQPSK: -3.0dB...
  • Page 260 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 15.5 15.38 16.0 15.89 16.5 16.40 17.0 16.91 17.5 17.42 18.0 17.93 18.5 18.44 19.0 18.94 19.5 19.45 >20 =(C+N) / N (error <0 .04dB) Example: 8SPK with 2/3 Rate TCM FEC, & RS=(219,201,9)
  • Page 261 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.12 IP Functionality 8.12.1 Base Modem IP As shown below, the base modem has one RJ45 auto-sensing 10/100Mbps Ethernet port for M&C and one for sending and receiving satellite IP traffic. Base Modem Ethernet Ports Both of the Ethernet connections by default form part of an Ethernet bridge and share an IP address.
  • Page 262 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook the IP traffic port of the base modem is replaced by the ports on the IP traffic card (see picture below). IP Traffic Card Dual 10/100/1000 Base-T Ethernet Ports 8.12.2 IP Addressing The two ports on the IP card are bridged together, acting as a two-port switch.
  • Page 263 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook • The satellite gateway of the remote modem will normally point to the satellite IP address of the modem local to the router. If there are two routers then: • Either the modem IP traffic gateways could point to the local router and static routes point to the far modem, or alternatively, •...
  • Page 264 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Header compression on the IP Traffic card works to 29000 packets per second one way, 22000 two way. 8.12.4 Jumbo Ethernet Frame Support Leaving aside preamble, a standard Ethernet frame has 18 bytes of overhead and varies in size between 64 bytes and 1518 bytes.
  • Page 265 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook over the ESC on port 6703 are forwarded out of the serial RS485 M&C interface (i.e. converted from IP to serial commands). o Packets sent to port 6704 are forwarded over the ESC to port 6701 on the remote modem.
  • Page 266 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Thirdly, there is a mesh network mode where a number of remote sites each have one Tx carrier that is used to communicate with the other sites. Each site also has one Rx-modem for every site, to allow it to receive from each of the other sites.
  • Page 267 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.12.7.2 Ethernet Point-to-Multipoint Bridging • Uses a shared outbound carrier to multiple remote modems, with either direct returns over satellite (to multiple Rx modems at the hub), indirect terrestrial returns or no return.
  • Page 268 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.12.7.3 Ethernet Point-to-Multipoint Brouting • This is used where there is a shared outbound carrier from the hub to remotes, and the return path is not over satellite (i.e. there is an indirect terrestrial return).
  • Page 269 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Note that when TCP acceleration is used in both directions then the TCP acknowledgements going in each direction compete with the data in each direction. Since TCP will attempt to completely fill the data pipeline, there is a possibility that there will not be sufficient bandwidth available for the acknowledgements, which could drastically reduce the throughput level (typically in one direction).
  • Page 270 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.12.9.2 Maximum Bandwidth If excess bandwidth becomes available at any point (i.e. one or more streams do not require their allocated bandwidth), or some of the overall bandwidth has not been allocated to any particular stream, then it is not wasted and it can be allocated in a controlled manner between potentially competing streams.
  • Page 271 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Each address has an associated subnet mask that delimits the particular host subnet from the overall network. For example, if an address is 10.3.0.0 and the mask is 255.255.0.0 then any packet containing the subnet 10.3 will be matched. To match on the whole of an address the mask must be set to 255.255.255.255.
  • Page 272 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Assume at this point (when Class 0 ideally wants 900 000bps) that the Class 1 data stream is flowing at 350 000bps. Since 350 000bps is less than the CIR of Class 1 then it will get all the bandwidth it needs.
  • Page 273 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.12.9.4.3 IEEE 802.1p Priority Tag Classification may be done on the 3-bit Priority Code Point field of an IEEE 802.1q VLAN tag (also referred to as an IEEE 802.1p Priority Tag). This is part of a 32-bit field inserted into an Ethernet frame between the MAC address and length field.
  • Page 274 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook • Fair-weighting queuing: higher priority transmitted first but lower priority packets are given a percentage of the bandwidth to stop total starvation. The 8 QoS priority levels are mapped to three TCP/IP queues. Packets with highest QoS priority (level 7) are sent to high priority TCP/IP queue.
  • Page 275 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Each packet passed to the modem must have this field set to the appropriate value in order for the modem to recognize the different data streams. 8.12.9.5 Traffic Shaping Graphs A web graphing facility exists that shows a line graph of throughput (in terms of bps) over time for each QoS class.
  • Page 276 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.12.11 Static and Dynamic Routing The modem can be operated as a two-port static router, one port being the terrestrial interface and the other port being the satellite interface. Static routing is useful for small networks that do not require dynamic routing –...
  • Page 277 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook The 40 bytes of IP, UDP and RTP headers are typically compressed to between 1 to 3 bytes. Currently the headers of TCP packets will not be compressed. Ethernet header compression is also supported. The 14 bytes of Ethernet frame (the Ethernet CRC is not sent over satellite even when compression is off) are typically reduced to 1 byte.
  • Page 278 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook • In point-to-multipoint operation, the modem adds VLAN tags intelligently at the Hub and then filters specific streams at each Remote based on those tags, discarding the VLAN tags prior to outputting the packets.
  • Page 279 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook In terms of configuration, the link is set up as normal, using a nominal data rate, modulation and FEC rate that gives the required symbol rate. The only other step is switching ACM on! The modcod selected by the user on the forward path represents the maximum modcod to be used when ACM is active.
  • Page 280 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.13 DVB-S2 and SmartLink The Quantum modem supports SCPC, DVB-S2 and combined SCPC/DVB-S2 operation. The DVB-S2 standard was approved by ETSI (European Telecommunications Standards Institute) in November of 2006. The new standard incorporates the latest technology in order to provide greater spectral efficiency and improved stability, using high-order modulation schemes and more powerful FEC coding.
  • Page 281 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Processing Paths through Modem (Top Path is SCPC; Lower Path is DVB-S2/SmartLink) If DVB-S2 is required but no SCPC features are required then as well as selecting SmartLink, the Tx or Rx service should be set to Closed network as this does not add any extra framing to that provided by DVB-S2.
  • Page 282 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook If a DVB-S2-only service is required for an interface other than IP then the Closed Network service should be selected, along with the SmartLink FEC option. This will provide a DVB-S2 service with no additional SCPC framing overhead.
  • Page 283 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.14 Paired Carrier Paired Carrier can be used to reduce satellite bandwidth requirements by up to 50% by overlapping transmit and receive carriers in the same space segment. It uses ViaSat’s patented PCMA technology. Adaptive self-interference cancellation is used to subtract the unit’s transmitted signal from the composiste received signal, leaving just the desired...
  • Page 284 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Quantum Modem Paired Carrier Processing Paired Carrier can be added to existing systems as well as being incorporated into the design of new systems. The signal cancellation techniques used guarantees at least 25dB (typically 30dB) cancellation of the unwanted signal meaning that the uplink and downlink signals can share the same space segment.
  • Page 285 FEC schemes. It is used in addition to, not instead of, other bandwidth saving techniques. Paired Carrier and DVB-S2 represent the two most bandwidth-efficient technologies available today and can uniquely be used together in the Quantum modem. Some frequently asked questions about Paired Carrier operation along with answers are provided below.
  • Page 286 Paired Carrier need to be set up. Set up takes less than 5 minutes in total. Q. Is Paired Carrier available as a field upgrade? A. Yes. All Quantum modems can be field upgraded to support Paired Carrier operation to the desired cancellation bandwidth.
  • Page 287 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.15 Sat-ABIS Sat-ABIS is an embedded optimiser in the modem for GSM Abis traffic. It is used in symmetric point-to-point links for cellular backhaul, saving up to 50% bandwidth. It combines and optimises Abis traffic on four T1/E1 interfaces (using either CRC4, FAS, ESF or D4 framing) into a single carrier and supports up to 256 Abis voice channels.
  • Page 288 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Sat-ABIS Web Configuration Screen Diagnostics in the form of the achieved compression ratio, percentage of the available satellite bandwidth being used and the dropped TRAU count are available for Sat-ABIS as shown overleaf.
  • Page 289 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Sat-ABIS Web Diagnostics The compressed data is passed over satellite formatted as HDLC packets that run run asynchronously to the T1/E1 interfaces. However, the hub clock input to Sat-Abis is extended over satellite and used to synchronise the remote to the hub. The hub clock is used as a clock generator for HDLC-framed data and the remote modem derives its clock from the satellite signal and generates a 2.048 MHz bearer to the BTS.
  • Page 290 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 8.16 FastLink Low-latency LDPC FEC design is a trade-off between good BER performance and low latency. TPC has low latency but BER performance can be 1dB or more worse than conventional LDPC. (For example, TPC 8QAM ¾...
  • Page 291 RS232) or through an application that uses a driver developed specifically to implement the PUP protocol. In the case of RS485, a message wrapper (defined in the document ‘Remote M&C Specification for Quantum and Evolution Series Satellite Modems’) is used to encapsulate PUP commands and responses, which are incorporated into the message payload.
  • Page 292 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Login to the modem to be able to make changes. (The response has a value of *.) r a d i s 02 15 01 09 6C 6F 67 69 6E 20 70 61 72 61 64 69 73 65 2A B6 03 02 08 01 09 20 2A 54 03 Set the transmit power to a new value.

  • Page 293: Chapter 10 Data Interfaces

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Chapter 10 Data Interfaces The modem provides Ethernet IP interfaces as standard plus options for LVDS, EIA530 (RS422, V.35, and RS232), IDR, HSSI, G.703 (balanced and unbalanced), Quad E1, IP traffic and Eurocom D1 interfaces. The three data interface positions on the modem are designated Position 1 (upper) and Position 2 (lower) and Position 3.
  • Page 294 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Handshake Lines Many interfaces provide optional control lines (such as RTS/CTS etc). It is generally better to implement these between equipments if possible. Q3001 in LVDS Mode If the LVDS interface is fitted and is selected under Edit/Unit/Interface/Terrestrial then the following interface description applies.
  • Page 295 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Signal Description LVDS Circuit 25 pin Electrical Name Number Levels Device (DTE) Ready In LVDS Device (DCE) Ready Out LVDS Local Loop In LVDS Remote Loop In LVDS The modem can operate at high data rates using the LVDS interface, but the maximum useable data rate is limited by connecting cable length.
  • Page 296 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Signal Description HSSI 50 pin Electrical Name Levels Clock Out Data Out Ground Signal Ground DCE Available COMMON LINES Ground Signal Ground Ground Signal Ground Loopback Circuit A Loopback Circuit B Loopback Circuit C The modem can operate at high data rates using the HSSI interface, but the maximum useable data rate is limited by the connecting cable length.
  • Page 297 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook EIA530 in RS422 Mode interface fitted RS422 signals selected under Edit/Unit/Interface/Terrestrial then the following interface description applies. Signal Description RS422 Circuit 25 pin Electrical Name Number Levels DATA CIRCUIT TOWARDS MODEM (TX)
  • Page 298 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook EIA530 in V.35 Mode connector fitted V.35 signals selected under Edit/Unit/Interface/Terrestrial then the following interface description applies. Signal Description V.35 Circuit 25 pin Electrical Old Style Name Number Levels Winchester DATA CIRCUIT TOWARDS MODEM (TX) SCTE V.35...
  • Page 299 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook checked against the `Clock In` signal. With the Tx Clocking Set to Internal or Rx the `Data In` signal is checked against the `Int= Tx Clk Out` signal. If you require the older 34-pin `Winchester` connector then an adaptor lead is required - please contact the factory for details.
  • Page 300 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook For the Synchronous RS232 interface theinput clock/data phase is selected automatically, reporting a `Data Marginal` warning whenever it has to switch phase. If the modem reports Data Marginal frequently then this is not a modem fault but an indication that you have a clocking problem external to the modem (ie changing clock/data phase, a problem which would otherwise have caused untraceable data errors).
  • Page 301 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Rate Bit rate Line code Impedance Interface 1544kbps 100 ohm EIA530 1544kbps B8ZS 100 ohm EIA530 2048kbps HDB3 120 ohm EIA530 2048kbps HDB3 75 ohm 6312kbps B6ZS 110 ohm EIA530 6312kbps B8ZS...
  • Page 302 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Interface Settings When the 75Ω BNC interface is selected, the screen of the output connector is always connected to ground. The screen of the input connector may be selected as follows: •...
  • Page 303 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook X.21 DCE Operation This has only a clock from the modem to the terrestrial equipment. Configure a cable with a 15 pin `D` female at one end (X.21 DCE) and a 25 pin `D` male at the other end as follows: X.21 DCE...
  • Page 304 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook X.21 DTE Operation This has only a clock to the modem from the terrestrial equipment. Configure a cable with a 15 pin `D` male at one end (X.21 DTE) and a 25 pin `D` male at the other end as follows: X.21 DTE...
  • Page 305 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook MIL-STD-188-114A Interface The modem terrestrial interface is compliant with the interfaces defined in MIL-STD-188- 114A when set in EIA530 RS422 mode. This MIL-STD document specifies three types of `balanced generators`: • Type 1 Low offset voltage, for <100kbps. Defined in the 1985 document for compatibility with older equipment.
  • Page 306 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook P3709 D-type connector (plug) Eurocom D1 Eurocom D1 Screen D I/F (high rate) enable Ground Ground D I/F Rx Data B output D I/F Rx Data A output D I/F Rx Clock A output...
  • Page 307 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook P3713 D-type connector (socket) EIA530 EIA530 Screen Tx Data B Tx Data A ETC A Rx Data A Rx Data B RTS A Rx clock A CTS A Local Loopback DSR A...
  • Page 308 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Comparison of P3709 and P3713 Interface connections The D-type can be a socket (Combined Eurocom/EIA530) or plug (P300 compatible Eurocom). P3713 P3709 Eurocom D/1 EIA530 G703 SCKT PLUG P3709/P3714 P3713 P3713 Ground...
  • Page 309 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook P3713 Adapter Cable Where compatibility with existing P300 wiring is required an adapter cable can be supplied. 1. Simple IDC D-type plug to plug with connector reversed (pin 1 to 13) 2. Custom cable with additional ground pins at Eurocom side with select pins not connected.
  • Page 310 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Example RJ45 connectors are shown in the following figure: Multi-Mux Interface The P3706 Quad E1 interface card supports a MUX SAF feature, which when enabled via the Edit/Unit/Interface/Terrestrial menu allows the following combinations of terrestrial multiplexed data to be aggregated onto a single satellite carrier.

  • Page 311: Chapter 11 Connector Pinouts

    Remote M&C (RS485/RS232) Connector The selection of RS232 or RS485 must be made via the front panel. The communications protocol is defined in the document ‘Remote M&C Specification for Quantum and Evolution Series Satellite Modems’. Connector type: 9-pin `D' female.
  • Page 312 Refer to the earlier section on 1 FOR 1 switching for details of 1 FOR 1 operation. A standard 1-for-1 lead (part number P1391) is available from Paradise Datacom. The lead is 10cm long and is designed for use when two modems are mounted vertically adjacent to each other in the rack.
  • Page 313 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Alarms and AGC Connector Connector type: 15-pin `D' male ALARMS CONNECTOR 2, 12 Fault Relay - Common Prompt Unit fault - N/O Prompt Unit fault - N/C Prompt Rx Traffic fault (prompt) - N/O...
  • Page 314 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Async ESC Connector This connector comprises: • An RS232/RS422/RS485 async port for use on either the ESC or Aux channels. • An RS232 serial port (currently unused). • An RS422 Station Clock input.
  • Page 315 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Differential Station Clock This provides a RS422 compatible station clock in addition to the unbalanced 75Ω station clock BNC connector. Async Port for ESC or Aux Channels The modem has two fully independent data channels that may be carried over the satellite within any overhead that is added.
  • Page 316 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook ESC/Aux and Backward Alarms Connector This connector is fitted as part of the IDR option. Note that when this option is fitted, the ESC and Aux ports on this connector replace the shared ESC/Aux port on the Async ESC connector.
  • Page 317 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Aux Port Pin Number Sync Async RS422 Usage RS232 Usage Tx Aux Clock out A Tx Aux Clock out Tx Aux Clock out B Tx Aux Data in A Tx Aux Data in...
  • Page 318 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Audio Ports Description Number Tx Audio Channel 1 in A Tx Audio Channel 1 in B Tx Audio Channel 2 in A Tx Audio Channel 2 in B Rx Audio Channel 1 out A...
  • Page 319 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Backward Alarms Description Number BA 1-4 Common BA1 N/O BA1 N/C BA2 N/O BA2 N/C BA3 N/O BA3 N/C BA4 N/O BA4 N/C BA1 Input BA2 Input BA3 Input BA4 Input Rx Summary fault output (link to BA in) Ground N/O indicates normal open in the normal, non-alarm state &...
  • Page 320 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook In IBS modes BA 1 indicates the normal single IBS backward alarm status (mirrored by the unit deferred alarm). For multidestinational IBS carriers it is possible to operate the modem in IBS mode, but use 4 separate backward alarms as per IDR. From the front panel select Service as `Other`, based on `IBS`, and follow the screen prompts.

  • Page 321: Chapter 12 Fault Messages

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Chapter 12 Fault Messages The following table lists all of the modem faults along with a description of what the fault means. It also describes relevant checks the operator might make to try to eliminate the fault condition.

  • Page 322: Transmit Faults

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 12.1 Transmit Faults Fault Text Notes Relays To Ter To Sat Other Tx fault: External Tx clock The modem is set to use an external clock but no clock is SA,SC selected, but no clock being provided.

  • Page 323: Transmit Warnings

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 12.2 Transmit Warnings Fault Text Notes Relays To Ter To Sat Other warning: Maximum Framer failed to find a frame length to support TS ID multiframe period maintenance. Try reducing ESC baud rate or small.

  • Page 324: Receive Faults

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 12.3 Receive Faults Fault Text Notes Relays To Ter To Sat Other The demodulator can lock to the carrier and the inner Rx fault: RS de-interleaver FEC decoder to the demodulated data. However, the...

  • Page 325: Receive Warnings

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 12.4 Receive Warnings Fault Text Notes Relays To Ter To Sat Other Rx warning: Doppler buffer Buffer size should not exceed 80ms when data rate max limited Rx data rate exceeds 42Mbps above 42Mbps.
  • Page 326 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Fault Text Notes Relays To Ter To Sat Other A backward alarm has been detected at the Rx input. This indicates that equipment downstream of the transmit Rx warning: Backward path (i.e. from the modem Tx output) has failed and is alarm from satellite returning an alarm.

  • Page 327: Unit Faults

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 12.5 Unit Faults Fault Text Notes Relays Other A PSU line has failed. The unit has a linear supply and Unit fault: One or more will fail if the mains input is below the specified minimum...

  • Page 328: Unit Warnings

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 12.6 Unit Warnings Fault Text Notes Relays To Ter To Sat Other Unit warning: One or more of the cooling fans have failed. Unit warning: One or more One of the PSU on the redundancy switch have failed PSU rails are out of range.

  • Page 329: Chapter 13 Specification Summary

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Chapter 13 Specification Summary 13.1 Common Main Specifications Parameter Modem Modulation Scheme BPSK, QPSK, OQPSK, 8PSK (Option), 16QAM (Option) IF Frequency Range 50-90MHz and 100-180MHz L-band Frequency 950 – 1950 MHz (note: an extension to 2050MHz is...
  • Page 330 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Viterbi BPSK/QPSK/OQPSK – Rates 1/2, 3/4, 7/8, k=7 to IESS-308/309 Option: TCM 8PSK – Rate 2/3 to IESS-310 Option: TPC BPSK/QPSK/OQPSK – Rates 5/16, 21/44, Inner Forward Error 0.493 (Paradise), 2/3, 3/4, 0.789 (Paradise), 7/8...
  • Page 331 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 13.2 Tx Modulator Specifications Parameter Modem IF Output Power Level 0 to –25dBm continuously variable in 0.1dB steps L-band Output Power -5 to –30dBm continuously variable in 0.1dB steps Level Output Level Stability ±0.5dB, 0ºC to 50ºC...
  • Page 332 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 13.3 Rx Demodulator Specifications Parameter Modem IF Input Range -30 to –60dBm wanted signal Minimum level; -130dBm +10 log symbol rate, L-band Input Range range 50dB above min, limited to -20dBm max...
  • Page 333 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook NB: When set to 10MHZ, the station reference may replace internal reference to all internal circuitry and reference outputs on the IF ports. The unit automatically switches back to internal reference if the station reference fails.
  • Page 334 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 13.6 Intelsat Reed-Solomon Codec and Custom Option Specifications Parameter Modem Concatenated Reed-Solomon outer codec to IESS- Format 308/310 Default n, k, t = (126, 112, 7) depth 4. Automatically switches to: (225, 205, 10) depth 4 for 1544kbps IDR mode or...
  • Page 335 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook The IBS/SMS or Closed Net Plus ESC overhead maintains the identity of individual Drop/Insert Timeslot ID Maintenance timeslots for N=1,2,3,4,5,6,8,10,12,15,16,20,24 and (See extended option below). 13.8 Extended Drop and Insert Option Specifications...
  • Page 336 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 13.9 Advanced ESC and Advanced Aux Option Specifications Parameter Modem A single port provides the interface for optional high rate async ESC (IBS/SMS option or Closed Net ESC/Aux Port Plus ESC) or the Intelsat low rate async IBS ESC channel.
  • Page 337 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook RS232, RS422 or RS485 external interfaces or internal link to remote M&C port (software selected). No external cabling required between the ESC and M&C ports for M&C via ESC channel within overhead. Other devices externally wired in parallel with M&C port can also be accessed...
  • Page 338 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 13.12 AUPC Specifications Parameter Modem Monitor of distant Eb/No and BER only, full distant Modes of Operation Eb/No maintenance. Unidirectional or Bi-directional operation. Utilises asynchronous ESC channel on IBS/SMS, IDR and Closed Network plus ESC carriers (ESC Communication Link from 300 baud, i.e., overheads down to less than...
  • Page 339 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Modulation / Min data rate Max data rate FEC rate de facto (kbps) (Mbps) BPSK VIT BPSK VIT BPSK VIT 17.5 BPSK VIT RS BPSK VIT RS 13.3 BPSK VIT RS 15.5...
  • Page 340 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 13.14 Traffic Log Specifications Parameter Modem Capacity Over 6000 entries Fault message with time and date stamp. Entry Format Separate entry when fault clears/changes. 13.15 Common Specifications Parameter Modem Interface Loop (Local and Remote)
  • Page 341 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 0-10V analogue output (Signal level, Eb/No, or Rx offset frequency) on Alarms & AGC connector Monitor Buffered constellation monitor port on Async ESC connector 1U chassis – 410mm deep, excluding front panel...
  • Page 342 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 13.18 Performance Graphs 13-14...
  • Page 343 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Modem, Error Probability versus Eb/No – Viterbi Decoding 13-15...
  • Page 344 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Modem, Error Probability versus Eb/No – 8PSK/TCM with/without Reed-Solomon 13-16...
  • Page 345 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Modem, Error Probability versus Eb/No – 2 Generation Turbo Codec (Note: rate 7/8 is de facto) 13-17...
  • Page 346 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Modem, Error Probability versus Eb/No for low-latency Paradise TPC rate 7/8 13-18...
  • Page 347 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook 1.00E-02 Test Conditions FEC: Turbo Rate: 2048kHz 8PSK Tx: 70.000 MHz Rx 70.000 MHz 1.00E-03 Scrambling: Normal (Turbo) Input Level: -45 1.00E-04 1.00E-05 1.00E-06 1.00E-07 Rate 3/4 Rate 7/8 Spec Limit Spec Limit 1.00E-08...
  • Page 348 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Modem Error Probability versus Eb/No 16QAM Turbo 13-20...
  • Page 349 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Paradise Turbo Product Code Rate 0.93 1.00E-03 Paradise 16QAM Typ Paradise 16QAM Spec Paradise 8PSK Typ Paradise 8PSK Spec Paradise QPSK Typ Paradise QPSK Spec Comtech 8PSK Typ 1.00E-04 Comtech 8PSK Spec...
  • Page 350 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Modem Error Probability versus Eb/No Sequential Decoding 64kbps 13-22...
  • Page 351 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Modem Error Probability versus Eb/No Sequential Decoding 2048kbps. 13-23...

  • Page 352: Chapter 14 Glossary

    Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Chapter 14 Glossary 8PSK Eight Phase Shift Keying 16QAM Sixteen Quadrature Amplitude Modulation ADPCM Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation Automatic Gain Control AUPC Automatic Up-link Power Control Bit Error Rate BERT Bit Error Rate Tester...

  • Page 353: Chapter 15 Customer Technical Support

    3. Provide an official Purchase Order to cover the cost of any repairs or sign disclaimer on the Fault Report page. 4. Outside of the UK, contact either the UK or US Paradise Datacom offices for a Return Material Authorisation (RMA) number and information on import/export procedures.
  • Page 354 Quantum and Evolution Series Installation and Operating Handbook Within the UK, contact Paradise UK for an RMA number. 5. Generate the required import paperwork explicitly following the import/export procedures stated when the RMA number was given. 6. Outside of the UK, fax the paperwork to us directly and return the goods to Paradise Datacom.

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