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Crusader
MC-8
MAINTENANCE
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MANUAL
To re-install, the procedure 1s the reverse of the
above.
Refill cooling system. If engine fuel system has
been drained, it will aid re-starting if fuel filters are
filled with fuel oil. Remove vent plugs and pour fuel
oil into filter body until filters are full.
Start engine and check operation. Check fuel and
cooling
system
connections
for
leakage.
Test
operation of engine controls and accessories.
DIESEL LUBRICATING OILS
GENERAL FACTORS
All diesel engines require heavy-duty lubricating oils.
Basic requirements of such 01ls are: Lubricating Quality,
High Heat Resistance and Control of Contaminants.
LtJBRICATING QUALITY: The reduction of fric-
tion and wear by maintaining an oil film between moving
parts is the primary requisite of a lubricant. Film thick-
ness and its ability to prevent metal-to-metal contact of
moving parts is related to all viscosity. The optimums for
SV-71 diesel engines are SAE 30 or 40 weight.
HIGH HEAT RESISTANCE: Temperature is the
most important factor in determining the rate at which
deterioration or oxidation of the lubricating oil will
occur. The oil should have adequate thermal stability at
elevated temperatures, thereby precluding formation of
harmful carbonaceous and/ or ash deposits.
CONTROL OF CONTAMINANTS: The piston and
compression rings must ride on a film of oil to minimize
wear and prevent cylinder seizure. At normal rates of
consumption, oil reaches a temperature gone at the upper
part of the piston where rapid oxidation and carboniza-
tion can occur. 1 n addition, as oil circulates through the
engine, it is continuously contaminated by soot, acids,
and water originating from combustion. Until they are
exhausted, detergent and dispersant additives aid in keep-
ing sludge and varnish from depositing on engine parts.
But such additives in excessive quantities can result in
detrimental ash deposits.
If
abnormal amounts of in-
soluble form, particularly on the piston in the compres-
sion ring area, early engine failure may result.
Oil that is carried up the cylinder liner wall is normally
consumed during engine operation. The oil and additives
leave carbonaceous and/ or ash deposits when subject to
the elevated temperatures of the combustion chamber.
The amount of deposits is influenced by the oil composi-
tion, additive content, engine temperature and oil con-
sumption rate.
DIESEL LUBRICATING OIL SPECIFICATIONS
Oil quality is the responsibility of the oil supplier.
(The term "oil supplier" is applicable to the refiners,
Former Militarv and
New API
Commercial Lube
Letter Code
Identification
Service Classification SAE Grade*
MIL-L-21048. 1%4 MS
CC:SC
JO or 40
Supplement I
CB
JO or 40
Tobie 3: Lubricating Oil
Recommendation
blenders and re branders of petroleum products, and does
not include distributors of such products).
There are hundreds of commercial crankcase oils mar-
keted today. Obviously, engine manufacturers or users
cannot completely evaluate the numerous commercial
oils. The selection of a suitable lubricant in consultation
with a reliable oil supplier, observance of his oil drain
recommendations (based on used oil sample analysis and
experience) and proper filter maintenance, will provide
the best assurance of satisfactory oil performance.
The SV-71 diesel engine has given optimum perform-
ance and experienced the longest service life with the
following oil performance levels having the ash and zinc
limits shown:
*SAE 40 grade oil has performed satisfactory and is
recommended in 8V-71 diesel engines. Obviously the
expected ambient temperatures and engine cranking
capability must be considered by the engine owner/
operator when selecting the proper grade of oil. Only
when the ambient temperatures and engine cranking
capabilities result in difficult starting should SAE 30
grade oil be used.
ASH LIMIT:
The sulfated ash limit (ASTMD-874)
of the above lubricants shall not exceed 1.000% by
weight, except lubricants that contain only barium deter-
gent-dispersant salts where 1.500% by weight is allowed.
The majority of lubricants marketed under the perform-
ance levels shown in Table 3 have a sulfated ash content
between 0.55 to 0.85% by weight.
ZINC CONTENT: The zinc content, as zinc diorgan-
odithiophosphate, shall be a minimum of 0.07°7c, by
weight.
LUBRICANTS NOT RECOMMENDED
The following lubricants are not recommended be-
cause of a history of poor performance in SV-71 diesel
engines.
Militarv or
API Letter
Comme.rcial
Code Service
Identification
Classification
MIL-L-21048/1968 MS
CC
0
SD
MIL-L-4Si998
CD
I
Series
.1
l
Multigrade oils
Numerous
Table 4: Lubricants Not
Recommended
MIL-L-46167 ARCTIC LUBE OILS
Comment
on
Performance
Excessive ash
deposits formed
Excessive ash
deposits formed
History of poor
performance in
most heavy-duty
diesel engines
FOR NORTH SLOPE AND OTHER
EXTREME SUB-ZERO TEMPERATURES
The MIL-L-46167 specification was published by the
Military on February 15, 1974. Federal Test Method 354
of Federal Test Standard 791 is an integral test require-
ment of MIL-L-46167. "Lubricants that have passed the
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