Landis+Gyr E650 Series 4 User Manual page 22

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Reactive energy
© Landis+Gyr
By summating the mean values of active energy A1, A2 and A3 the
microprocessor calculates the total active energy import +A or the total
active energy export -A.
Mean values
per second
± A1
å
±A 2
±A 3
Figure 9. Total active energy
The reactive energy values of the individual phases ±R1, ±R2 and ±R3 are
obtained in the combimeters directly from the mean values of reactive
power Q1, Q2 and Q3. The reactive energy can therefore also be
calculated vectorially (see 1.5.2). By summating the mean values of
reactive energy R1, R2 and R3, the microprocessor calculates the total
positive reactive energy +R or the total negative reactive energy -R.
Mean values
per second
± R1
å
±R 2
±R 3
Figure 10. Total reactive energy
The microprocessor can allocate the reactive energy to the 4 quadrants in
the combimeters from the signs of R and A:

Reactive energy in 1st quadrant: +Ri

Reactive energy in 2nd quadrant: +Rc

Reactive energy in 3rd quadrant: –Ri

Reactive energy in 4th quadrant: –Rc
In the same way, it can allocate the reactive energy of the individual phases
to the 4 quadrants.
+ kvarh
+Rc
Quadrant II
Export -A
- kWh
Quadrant III
-Ri
- kvarh
Figure 11. 4-quadrant measurement
D000062026 en a – E650 Series 4 – ZMD400AT/CT, ZFD400AT/CT – User Manual
Measured quantities
+A (Import)
-A (Export)
Measured quantities
+R
-R
+R
+ kvarh
+Ri
Quadrant I
Quadrant IV
-Rc
- kvarh
-R
Device description
+A Import
+ kWh