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Protek A434L Operating Manual

4 ghz cable & antenna analyzer
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Summary of Contents for Protek A434L

  • Page 2: Table Of Contents

    Specifications ..............13 1.2.1 Basic Specifications ............ 13 1.2.2 Key Measurements ............. 15 1.2.3 Key Features .............. 15 The Layout of A434L ............16 Ordering Information ............17 1.4.1 Standard Accessories ..........17 1.4.2 Options ..............19 PREPARATION FOR USE ............21 General Information ............
  • Page 3 Front Panel ............... 27 2.4.1 Key Layout ..............27 2.4.2 ① Function Hard ............28 2.4.3 ② Soft Keys ............... 28 2.4.4 ③ Power Switch Key ..........28 2.4.5 ④ Multi Keys ............. 29 2.4.6 ⑤ ESC, Back, Arrow Keys ..........33 2.4.7 ⑥...
  • Page 4 Multi Keys ................ 60 3.5.1 Numeric Data Entry ............ 61 3.5.2 Specific Function Keys ..........61 MEASUREMENT DATA ANALYSIS..........70 VSWR ................71 4.1.1 VSWR Display Description ........... 71 4.1.2 Setting Frequency ............74 4.1.3 Calibration ..............75 4.1.4 VSWR Measurement ..........77 4.1.4.1 Setting Trace Point ..........
  • Page 5 Save & Load ..............101 4.5.1 Save ............... 101 4.5.1.1 Save Trace ............102 4.5.1.2 Save Screen ............103 4.5.1.3 Save State ............104 4.5.2 Load ............... 105 4.5.2.1 Load Trace ............105 4.5.2.2 Load Screen ............107 4.5.2.3 Load State ............107 4.5.2.4 Memory Type ...........

  • Page 6: Introduction

    This Operating Manual represents design, specifications, overview of functions, and detailed operation procedure of A434L RF master, to ensure effective and safe use of the technical capabilities of the instrument by the user. RF Master operation and maintenance should be performed by qualified engineers with initial experience in operating of microwave circuits and PC.

  • Page 7: Safety Instructions

    A434L complies with INSTALLATION CATEGORY II as well as POLLUTION DEGREE 2 in IEC61010–1. A434L is MEASUREMENT CATEGORY I (CAT I). Do not use for CAT II, III, or A434L is for INDOOR USE only. A434L is tested in stand-alone condition or in combination with the accessories supplied by GS INSTRUMENTS CO., LTD.
  • Page 8 Electrostatic discharge can damage your Analyzer when connected or disconnected from the DUT. Static charge can build up on your body and damage the sensitive circuits of internal components of both the Analyzer and the DUT. To avoid damage from electric discharge, observe the following: Always use a desktop anti-static mat under the DUT.
  • Page 9 Moderate Ventilation Maintain moderate ventilation condition to prevent overheating of the product. Ambient temperature 2ºС to 50ºС Maximum between 2ºС 31ºС, decreasing to 50% RH at 50ºС Maximum altitude 2,000m Environment MAINS supply voltage fluctuations up to 10% of the nominal voltage Transient over-voltages...
  • Page 10 A chassis terminal; a connection to the instrument’s chassis, which includes all exposed metal structure. CAUTION This sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure, practice, or condition that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or death to personnel.

  • Page 11: Certificate

    CERTIFICATE...

  • Page 12: General Overview

    GENERAL OPERATING MANUAL OVERVIEW...

  • Page 13: Description

    VSWR to power measurements. In addition, the Protek A434L makes distance-to-fault measurements to accurately pinpoint the fault's location. The Protek A434L user interface is with a front keypad and a TFT color, 7- inch display providing ease of use and control. The application specific software allows the user to easily compare and analyze measurements and generate comprehensive reports.
  • Page 14 Range Distance Range 0 to 1250m (4125ft) VSWR Display Range 0 to 65 Dimension 260X193X67mm Weight <2.45Kg include battery A434L Voltage and 12Vd.c., 3.5A Current AC Input 100 to 250Vd.c., 1.5A Miscellaneous Adaptor 12Vd.c., 5A Output Li-lon (4hr operating time after...

  • Page 15: Key Measurements

    1.2.2 Key Measurements High resolution VSWR Measurements  Distance to Fault (DTF) Measurements  Cable Loss Measurements   RMS Power Measurements (optional) 1.2.3 Key Features  Rechargeable and infield replaceable lithium-ion battery  Built-in world-wide signal standards and frequency channels ...

  • Page 16: The Layout Of A434L

     Rechargeable and field replaceable Lithium Ion battery with more than 4 hours operation time Backlight keypad for easier use in dark environments   Sun-Light Readable LCD for readability The Layout of A434L Figure 1.1 A434L Front Panel...

  • Page 17: Ordering Information

    Figure 1.2 A434L Rear Panel Figure 1.3 A434L Upper Panel Ordering Information 1.4.1 Standard Accessories The standard accessories supplied with the A434L RF Master are as follows:...
  • Page 18 Description Picture Specification Soft Carrying Case Input: 100 ~ 240Va.c., 1.5A AC-DC Adapter Output: 12Vd.c., 5A Neck Strap Hand Strap Output: 8.4Vd.c. MAX, Li-ion Battery 7800mAh User’s Manual Hard Copy...

  • Page 19: Options

    1.4.2 Options The options supplied with the A434L RF Master are as follows: Specification Description Picture Frequency Range : 20MHz to 3.8GHz Sensor Type : Average Power Sensor Peak Power Sensor (Part No: S134) : -40dBm to +10dBm Accuracy : ±7%...

  • Page 20: Preparation For Use

    PREPARATION FOR OPERATING MANUAL...

  • Page 21: General Information

    General Information Unpack the Analyzer and other accessories. Check the contents of the package against the list specified in section 1.4.1. Connect your A434L to the AD-DC Adaptor(12Vd.c., 5A) or Li-ion Battery(8.4Vd.c. MAX, 7800mAh) power source by means of the Power Cable supplied with the instrument.

  • Page 22: Battery

    Battery A434L use CE, UL Certificated PBP-7800 Battery. Figure 2.1 A434L Battery CAUTION RISK OF EXPLOSIOM IF BATTERY IS REPLACED BY AN INCORRECT TYPE. DISPOSE OF USED BATTERIES ACCORDING TO THE MANUFACTURER’S INSTRUCTIONS.

  • Page 23: Caution

    ① If the “push” button on the battery is pressed, the remained battery volume will be displayed in the battery icon next to the “push” button. ② Each level of the battery indicator takes 20% of the battery portion. If the battery level is three, it means the battery is charged 40% - 60%.

  • Page 24: Installing A Battery

    2.3.2 Installing a Battery Caution: Full charge the battery before first using the analyzer. Figure 2.2 A434L Right Side View Open the battery cover. Insert the battery (Observe correct battery polarity orientation when installing). Close the battery cover.

  • Page 25: Charging A Battery

    If any of the monitored conditions exceed their safety limits, the battery will terminate any further charging or discharging until the error condition is corrected. 2.3.4 Battery Low If A434L runs out of battery, the following message will appear on the display.

  • Page 26: Battery Power Off

    Figure 2.3 Battery 10% or Battery 5% Screen Display 2.3.5 Battery Power Off If the battery power is lower than 1%, the following message will appear on the display, and the Power will be Off. Figure 2.4 Battery Power Off Screen Display...

  • Page 27: Front Panel

    Front Panel The front view of A434L is represented in figure 1.1. The front panel is equipped with the following parts: 2.4.1 Key Layout Figure 2.5 A434L Key Layout...

  • Page 28: Function Hard

    2.4.2 ① Function Hard keys The six hard keys are located at the left of the display. The function of each key is indicated on each key. Depending on the selection of Hard Keys, the functions shown in the screen menu may vary. «VSWR»...

  • Page 29: Multi Keys

    Each Soft Key has a function which varies depending on the operation mode. The function of each key is displayed at the right side of the display as a screen menu. As the LCD is touch-screen, the function can be selected by touching the screen menu.
  • Page 30 «Numeric & specific Multi keys operate as follows when a user is prompted to input values by pop-up function» key window.  Numeric keys from 0 to 9 are used to input user setting numbers.  The plus/minus (+/-) key is used to assign positive or negative numbers in the user settings.
  • Page 31 «AMP» key «AMP» AMP (amplitude) defines a manual setting for the scale on the Y- axis of the graph. It can be selected in VSWR, DTF, Cable Loss measurement mode. «Freq/Dist» key «Freq/Dist» key causes different screen menu displayed depending on a measurement mode. In VSWR or Cable Loss measurement modes it opens a frequency screen menu and in DTF measurement mode...
  • Page 32 «Trace» key «Trace» key enables for selection of active channel and trace. Active channel is a channel, which accepts channel parameter setting commands. Active trace is similarly a trace, which accepts trace parameter setting commands. Before sending commands to change a channel or a trace settings, activate the channel or trace, «Peak»...

  • Page 33: ⑤ Esc, Back, Arrow Keys

    «Scale» key «Scale» This key is used to select a unit of Y axis of the graph in VSWR and DTF measurement modes. Either VSWR or Return Loss can be selected. In Cable Loss measurement mode, Return Loss only can be selected. «Hold»...

  • Page 34: ⑥ Enter Keys

    «Back» key «Back»  Delete a character or number. «Arrow» key «Arrow» used following:  Moves a marker position or highlighted selection bar one point at a time. 2.4.7 ⑥ Enter Keys «ENTER» key «ENTER» key is used for the following: ...

  • Page 35: ⑦ Knob Keys

    2.4.8 ⑦ Knob Keys «Knob» key «Knob» The rotary knob is used for the following: Move an active marker or a  highlighted selection bar in the list. 2.4.9 Display The Analyzer is equipped with 7” color LCD. The display can come complete with a touch screen (TS option).

  • Page 36: Upper Panel

    This menu is an auxiliary one and can be hidden. Upper Panel All Input/Output ports of the Protek A434L are located on the upside of the instrument as shown in Figure 2.6 Figure 2.6 A434L Upper Panel...

  • Page 37: Dc Power Connector

    2.5.1 DC Power Connector Provides input for the DC power source via an AC-DC adapter. In case of emergency, to avoid danger of electric shock or the like, pull the power cable out of the power outlet or the DC power connector of the instrument.

  • Page 38: Usb Port

    2.5.4 USB Port USB ports allow connection of various external USB compatible devices, such as flash memory stick and Power Sensor. Used for either saving measurement data or an optional external power sensor.  5Vd.c. , 500mA  Type A 2.6.1 FAN Operation FAN operates if the internal temperature of the system rises.
  • Page 39 Figure 2.7 FAN Alarm Screen Display...

  • Page 40: Getting Started

    GETTING STARTED OPERATING MANUAL...

  • Page 41: Power Up

    Power Up 3.1.1 Initialization The initialization screen (Figure 3.1) appears when the instrument is started with the indication “System Initialization”. After a successful initialization, data loading and self-test, the VSWR measurement screen appears.

  • Page 42: System Information

     Firmware version: For the instrument’s best performance, make sure the latest version of firmware has been installed. Information about the latest firmware can be located at www.gsi-protek.com  Verify the system temperature is within the instrument operating range. Depending on the storage condition, the temperature of the instrument at power up may be out of normal operating range in winter or summer season.

  • Page 43: Layout Of The Display Screen

    Figure 3.2 System Screen Layout of the Display Screen Figure 3.3 Display Screen...
  • Page 44  Battery Gauge: Indicates the status of the internal battery Indicates the instrument is using an external power supply. The internal battery is charged when an external power supply is connected. Indicates the instrument is using the internal battery and shows the remaining battery capacity.

  • Page 45: Function Hard Keys Structure

     Span  Band Name  Cable Name (applicable to DTF measurement mode only)  Max D: Maximum measurement distance limited by user frequency setting  VT (Relative Propagation Velocity), CL (Cable Loss) – applicable to DTF measurement mode only Message window: Displays the result of performed functions or ...

  • Page 46: System Screen Menu

    3.3.1 System Screen Menu System screen menu is used to change the basic settings of the instrument and consists of sub-menus as shown in Table 3.1. Screen Menu Function Key 2nd Layer 3rd Layer 4th Layer 1st Layer SYSTEM Upgrade Confirm Beep Sweep Mode...

  • Page 47: Common Menu

    Touch Screen Return >> Sleep Time Enter Back Space Cancel Return Preset LED >> 10 Sec 10 Sec 20 Sec Return Table 3.1 Menu Structure in system mode 3.3.2 Common Menu The menu structure is common to all the measurement modes except to the Power Meter mode, shown in Table 3.2.
  • Page 48 2.00 Cable Loss Min(Bottom) 1.00 Limit Limit Level 3.00 Dual Mode Freq/ Start Freq Dist 5.00 MHz Stop Freq 4000.00 MHz Center Freq 2002.50 MHz Span Freq 3995.00MHz Band List >> Standard Band Select >> Add to Custom Return Custom Band Select >>...
  • Page 49 Marker View Marker Type Normal Delta Marker Clear All Marker Edit Marker Band >> Marker Band 1 Band View >> Band Slect Start Stop Band Edit Return Marker Band 2 Band View >> Band Slect Start Stop Band Edit Return Marker Band 3 Band View >>...
  • Page 50 Trace View Clear Write Trace Clear Trace Clear All Peak Peak Right Peak Left Max Search Min Search Load Load Trace Select (*.tra) File Manager >> Rename Delete Delete All Copy to USB Copy All to USB Return Destination >> Trace 1 Trace 1 Trace 2...
  • Page 51 Return Return Load Setup Select (*.sta) File Manager >> Rename Delete Delete All Copy to USB Copy All to USB Return Return Load From Internal Save Save Trace Trace 1 (*.tra) Trace 2 Trace 3 Trace 4 Return Save Screen (*.png) Save State (*.sta)

  • Page 52: Vswr Menu

    3.3.3 VSWR Menu The menu structure of the VSWR hard function key and multi keys in VSWR measurement mode is shown in Table 3.3. Screen Menu Function 2nd Layer 3rd Layer 4th Layer 1st Layer VSWR Freq/ Start Freq Dist (453.0 MHz) Stop Freq (464.0 MHz)
  • Page 53 Marker Type Normal Delta Marker Clear Marker Edit Marker Band >> Marker Band 1 Band View >> Band Select Start Stop Band Edit Return Marker Band 2 Band View >> Band Select Start Stop Band Edit Return Marker Band 3 Band View >>...

  • Page 54: Dtf Menu

    3.3.4 DTF Menu The menu structure of the DTF hard function key and multi keys in DTF measurement mode is shown in Table 3.4. Screen Menu Function Key 2nd Layer 3rd Layer 4th Layer 1st Layer Freq/ Start Freq Dist (453.0 MHz) Stop Freq (464.0 MHz)

  • Page 55: Cable Loss Menu

    Return Max (Top) Min (Bottom) Limit Limit Level 1.01 Marker Marker Marker View Marker Type Normal Delta Marker Clear Marker Edit 3.4 Menu Structure Used for DTF Measurement Mode 3.3.5 Cable Loss Menu The menu structure of the Cable Loss hard function key and multi keys in Cable Loss measurement mode are shown in Table 3.5 Screen Menu Function Key...
  • Page 56 Calbe Loss Freq/ Start Freq Dist (453.0 MHz) Stop Freq (464.0 MHz) Center Freq (458.5 MHz) Span (11.0 MHz) Band List > Startdard Band (C450 P Up) Custom Band Return Max (Top) 0.00 dB Min (Bottom) 40.00 dB Limit Limit Level 10.00 dB Marker Marker...

  • Page 57: Power Meter Menu

    Marker Band 1 >> Band Select Start Stop Band Edit Return Marker Band 2 Band View >> Band Select Start Stop Band Edit Return Marker Band 3 Band View >> Band Select Start Stop Band Edit Return Clear All Return Table 3.5 Menu Structure Used for Cable Loss Measurement Mode 3.3.6 Power Meter Menu...

  • Page 58: System Key

    Frequency Display Setup Unit >> Watts External Offset 0.00 dB Return Mode >> (Average) Return Table 3.6 Menu Structure Used in Power Meter Measurement Mode System Key The System key enables users to verify the system information or change the instrument settings.
  • Page 59  System temperature  Model / Serial Number  IP Address Info Figure 3.5 System Status Screen The System key opens the following screen menu: Upgrade: Upgrades the firmware of the instrument. For detailed  upgrade procedure, refer to the section “5.Software Upgrade”. ...

  • Page 60: Multi Keys

     Instrument Setting  Language: Changes the language used to display the menu, messages and information on the screen display. Currently only available in English.  Time/Date: Sets the time of the system clock.  LAN  Touch Screen  Sleep Time: Sets the time to enter into power saving mode. Power saving mode is automatically activated when no key entry occurs during the Sleep Time.

  • Page 61: Numeric Data Entry

    Figure 3.6 Multi Keys Layout 3.5.1 Numeric Data Entry Multi keys operate as follows when a user is prompted to input values by pop-up window. Numeric keys from 0 to 9 are used to input user setting numbers. The plus/minus (+/-) key is used to assign positive or negative numbers in the user settings.
  • Page 62 Depending on the choice of an amplitude unit, allowable input value is limited to the following:  In case Y scale is VSWR: Max(Top): Setting value can be from 1.01 to 65.00 and it  cannot be equal to or smaller than the Min(Bottom) setting value.
  • Page 63 2. Freq/Dist Freq/Dist key causes different screen menu to be displayed depending on a measurement mode. In VSWR or Cable Loss measurement modes it opens a frequency screen menu and in DTF measurement mode it opens a distance screen menu. ...
  • Page 64 Delete Custom: Deletes a frequency band from the Custom Band.  DTF Measurement Mode Start Frequency: Sets a starting frequency to measure DTF   Stop Frequency: Sets a stop frequency to measure DTF  Distance: Sets a distance to measure. The maximum measurable distance is 1250m (4125ft).
  • Page 65 are reduced by smoothing out the sharp transitions, thereby enabling users easy to discriminate noises and peaks.  Setup  Velocity: Opens the Relative Propagation Velocity parameter for data entry. Enter the propagation velocity for the type of transmission line being tested. ...
  • Page 66 the previous positions when the Marker View is turned off and on. If a measurement mode has been changed, markers are not restored to previous positions but move to the left end of the trace. All Off: Turns all markers off the screen. Markers are ...
  • Page 67 touching the screen. Quickly moves an activated marker to the desired position and makes a fine adjustment using a dial knob or up/down arrow keys. 5. Trace Captures a trace for comparison with other traces or saves traces. Figure 3.7 Trace Screen Display ...
  • Page 68  Info: Hides or displays the trace information window on the upper right corner of the screen. This is used to view traces overlaid with the trace information window.  Clear CH: Deletes an active trace channel from the screen. The cleared channel is not restored.
  • Page 69 10. Scale This key is used to select a unit of Y axis of the graph in VSWR and DTF measurement modes. Either VSWR or Return Loss can be selected. In Cable Loss measurement mode, Return Loss only can be selected. 11.

  • Page 70: Measurement Data Analysis

    MEASUREMENT OPERATING MANUAL DATA ANALYSIS...

  • Page 71: Vswr

    VSWR To get maximum power into a load it is required that the load impedance match generator impedance. impedance difference, mismatching would not produce maximum power transfer. A mismatch at the antenna system produces a reflective 'traveling wave' which goes in the opposite direction from the incident wave.
  • Page 72 Figure 4.1 VSWR Measurement Screen Display Calibration Info: Displays a calibration state on the measurement frequency band that a user has selected. When the instrument is first turned on, the state is “Cal Off”. The symbol “Cal On” is displayed along with the execution time and frequency band after the calibration is successfully completed.
  • Page 73 It is recommended to select high resolution trace points only when measuring the wide frequency band or a precise measurement is required. The previously executed calibration is effective even after the trace points change. Trace Average: Indicates the average value of a single sweep over the user setting frequency band.

  • Page 74: Setting Frequency

    4.1.2 Setting Frequency Frequencies can be set manually or selected from a band list stored in the instrument. It is desirable to set the frequency to a value that covers the normal range of the measurement with enough margin. Action Note Setting Center Freq and Span.

  • Page 75: Calibration

    Changing the frequency settings will automatically turn calibration off with the symbol “CAL OFF” displayed on the screen. Always set the frequency before calibrating the instrument. Changing the trace points during the measurement doesn’t affect the calibration. 4.1.3 Calibration The instrument must be calibrated to get a reliable measurement result.
  • Page 76 Figure 4.2 VSWR Calibration Connection Bending or moving the phase unstable cable while making a measurement may cause errors in the measurement. The test cable used for port extension must be phase stable in the measurement frequencies. At the successful completion of each calibration step, the message is displayed with a beep sound.

  • Page 77: Vswr Measurement

    To compensate errors caused by a port extension cable or adapters, perform Open-Short-Load calibration including the port extension cable. Action Note Performs Calibration after the frequency setting and test cable connections. 1. Press the CAL Hard function key. key. 2. Connect an Connect CAL Kit “Open”...
  • Page 78 The end of the port extension cable must be connected to the device (antenna or feed line) for VSWR measurement as shown in Figure 4.3. The result of the VSWR measurement is displayed on the screen in real time. Figure 4.3 Connection for VSWR Measurement After calibration, do not change the connection of the port extension cable or the frequency setting.

  • Page 79: Setting Trace Point

    The maximum allowable input level of the instrument is +25dBm. Do not connect the RF In port of the instrument directly to the output port of the system. An over power input degrades the performance of the instrument and may cause a malfunction of the instrument.

  • Page 80: Limit Line

    Figure 4.4 Using Markers in VSWR Measurement Mode 4.1.4.4 Limit Line By setting a limit line, users can easily check if a measurement exceeds the specified limit. It appears as a horizontal line at the value set. An alarm sounds when a trace exceeds the limit line and the exceeded portion is displayed in red color.

  • Page 81: Dtf

    Figure 4.5 Limit Line Application While VSWR is an indicator to express the efficiency of the antenna’s energy transmission, DTF is a measurement to identify the fault locations in the antenna line system. Most of the antenna line system consists of the various types of coaxial cables, connectors and devices such as dividers and surge arrestors.
  • Page 82 the relative magnitude of the discontinuity is shown on the Y-axis. The information related to the DTF measurement is shown on the screen. Figure 4.6 DTF Measurement Screen Limit Line & Limit Level Info: Sets the upper limit value of a trace. ...

  • Page 83: Dtf Setup

    frequency band doesn’t affect the sweep time, but affects the calibration. Recalibration is required if the frequency setting is changed.  Freq. Band Info: The band name is displayed if the band is selected from the band list stored in the instrument. If the user sets the start, stop, center or span frequency manually, the band name will show “Custom”.
  • Page 84 measurement resolution, is necessary to change the frequency setting.  Distance Setting: The maximum measurable distance is displayed on the left side of the screen depending on the frequency setting. Any value within the maximum measurable distance can be set. Optimum resolution is achieved when the user setting distance is the same as the maximum measurable distance.

  • Page 85: Calibration

    Stop Freq  Select the screen menu. performed for the band {Enter stop frequency value} in VSWR measurement, Press the Enter key. and the same Freq. band used measurement. Distance Setting. Distance Select the screen menu. The ending point can ...
  • Page 86  Calibration accessories (optional) Calibration Kit which contains one 50ohm load, one Open  standard and one Short standard  Test cable: Use a phase stable cable for reliable and consistent measurement results To minimize measurement errors, connect the port extension cable to the RF In port on the instrument and then connect the Cal Kit to the end of the extension cable.

  • Page 87: Dtf Measurement

    Bending or moving the phase unstable cable while making a measurement may cause errors in the measurement. The test cable used for port extension must be phase stable in the measurement frequencies. At the successful completion of each calibration step, a message is displayed with a beep sound.

  • Page 88: Scale Adjustment

    If O-S-L calibration has been done at the end of the port extension cable for DTF measurement, the length of the port extension cable is compensated automatically and is not included in the distance to the point of discontinuity. Figure 4.8 Connection Diagram for DTF Measurement 4.2.4.1 Scale Adjustment Adjust a trace point to change the resolution of the VSWR measurement.

  • Page 89: Using Markers

     Press the Scale key to select a display unit of the Y scale. 4.2.4.2 Using Markers Depending on the display settings, four or six markers can be used simultaneously. The distance of a current marker position is displayed next to each marker on the screen.
  • Page 90 smoothing out the sharp transitions thereby enabling users easy to discriminate noises and peaks. Figure 4.11 is the result of applying Blackman window to the trace on Figure 4.10. Noises around peaks are reduced and distance to the fault location is clearly verified. Figure 4.10 Measurement Display Rectangular Windowing Figure 4.11 Measurement Display Blackman Windowing...

  • Page 91: Cable Loss

    Cable Loss The cable loss measurement feature checks the signal attenuation level of the cable system. The frequency band to measure the characteristics of a cable must be calibrated before performing the cable loss measurement. 4.3.1 Cable Loss Display Description The screen shown in Figure 4.12 is displayed when the Cable Loss measurement mode is selected.

  • Page 92: Setting Frequency

    Selection is made from one of five choices. 126, 251, 501, 1001, 2001   Trace Average: Indicates the average value of a single sweep over the user setting frequency band. Freq. Span: User-defined frequency band. Changing the frequency  band doesn’t affect the sweep time, but affects the calibration.

  • Page 93: Calibration

    Stop Freq 5. Select the screen menu. window one by one. Pressing the ESC repeatedly will  6. Enter a stop frequency value. cancel the input mode. 7. Press the Enter key.  Input unit is MHz and minimum input step is 0.01MHz. Selection from the band list stored in the instrument.
  • Page 94 Figure 4.13 Port Calibration for One Port Cable Loss Measurement Action Note Performs Calibration after the frequency setting. 1. Press the CAL key. Hard function key. 2. Connect an Open Connect CAL Kit “Open” connector to the RF out port. standard.

  • Page 95: Cable Loss Measurement

    6. Connect the Load Connect CAL Kit “Load” connector to the RF out port. standard. Load/Start 7. Select the When the screen menu is selected, a  Load/Start screen progress bar is displayed to show the progress. menu.  When a progress bar is disappeared, Load calibration is finished.

  • Page 96: Scale Adjustment

    Action Note Make a measurement after completion of O-S-L calibration. 1. Connect the cable to measure its loss to the RF out port of the instrument. 2. Connect the Short standard of the Cable Loss measurement result is Cal Kit to the end of the cable to be displayed on the screen.

  • Page 97: Power Meter

    Figure 4.15 Using Markers in Cable Loss Measurement Mode Power Meter The Power Meter is to measure the transmission power of the system. This function can be used only with optional external power sensors. Two kinds of power sensors, the average power sensor and peak power sensor, are available depending on the type of transmission power signals to be measured.
  • Page 98 Figure 4.16 Power Measurement Screen Connect a power sensor to the USB interface port of the instrument using the provided cable as Figure 4.17. Do not connect a power sensor directly to the LPA or HPA. Figure 4.17 Power Sensor Connection Diagram Initialize After connecting a power sensor, select the screen menu key for...

  • Page 99: Setting Power Meter

    power sensor, the sensor type is displayed on the screen as in Figure 4.18. Since no power source is connected to the sensor yet, an alarm message “- - - -” is displayed on the screen Figure 4.18 Power Sensor Initial Screen No sensor type is displayed on the screen if the instrument fails to recognize a sensor type during the initialization process.

  • Page 100: Power Measurement

    Ext. Offset : Enters the value of Gain or Loss when an attenuator or an amplifier is used before the power sensor. Note: As the default setting is Loss, enter the level of Loss in positive value when an attenuator is used and enter the level of gain in negative value when an amplified is used.

  • Page 101: Save & Load

    Figure 4.20 Power Meter Screen Display Save & Load Measurement results and setups can be saved to or loaded from the nonvolatile memory in the instrument or an external USB memory. The instrument can save a measurement result in a data file and recall the file later for the purpose of a comparison or analysis.

  • Page 102: Save Trace

    extension is *.sta. The saving can be either internal memory or external USB memory. 4.5.1.1 Save Trace This function is to save a captured trace using the Trace function. Refer to Trace for the detailed description about capturing the trace. Action Note This function is available in VSWR, DTF, and Cable Loss measurement...

  • Page 103: Save Screen

    Figure 4.21 Trace Saving Screen to Enter File Name When a user assigns the file name manually, the Enter key on the screen keyboard must be entered after finishing the entry of a file name. 4.5.1.2 Save Screen This function is to save the measurement display screen in the graphic file format.

  • Page 104: Save State

    4.5.1.3 Save State This function is to save the user setup configuration and the calibration data. Up to 20 setups can be saved. Action Note This function is available in VSWR, DTF, Cable Loss and Power Meter measurement mode. 1. Press the Save key. Multi key.

  • Page 105: Load

    VSWR Y-scale Top, Bottom Cable Loss VSWR Y-scale unit VSWR, Return Loss Cable Loss VSWR Band Frequency band name Cable Loss Distance Setting 0 ~ 1250m (4125feet) Cable Setting Cable name and its characteristics Y-scale Setting Top, Bottom Y-scale unit Setting VSWR, Return Loss Custom Cable User setting Propagation Velocity and Parameter Setting...
  • Page 106 the screen even if the trace information appears on the trace summary table on the upper right corner of the display. When multiple traces with different Y scale are loaded, the corresponding trace with the current Y scale is only shown on the screen. Figure 4.22 Trace Loading Screen When the Load Trace function is selected, the preview of the selected trace from the list is disaplyed on the lower right...

  • Page 107: Load Screen

    4.5.2.2 Load Screen This function recalls and displays a saved screen. The measurement currently under processing is continued in the background, but it is not displayed on the screen. Pressing any key removes the loaded screen and the measurement screen being processed in the background shows up. 4.5.2.3 Load State This function is to load the user setup configuration and the calibration data.

  • Page 108: Software Upgrade

    SOFTWARE OPERATING MANUAL UPGRADE...

  • Page 109: Upgrade Method

    The following is easy and user friendly upgrade instruction when an upgrade is needed during A434L operation. Upgrade Method  The following screen will appear if System button is pressed out of the right side Mode buttons during the power is on.
  • Page 110 Figure 5.2 USB not connected Screen Display  *.tgz files from USB Memory will be listed as the following display when USB Memory is connected properly. Figure 5.3 File List Screen for Upgrade...
  • Page 111  Select the upgrade file out of the listed files. Then, Select “Upgrade” or “Upgrade Confirm” button. Upgrade starts. After upgrade is completed, the power will be automatically turned off and the user should turn it on again. But, upgrade will not be activated if the selected file does not match the upgrade condition.
  • Page 112 WARRANTY OPERATING MANUAL INFORMATION...

  • Page 113: Warranty Information

    1. The manufacturer warrants the Cable and Antenna Analyzer to conform to the specifications of this Manual when used in accordance with the regulations of operation detailed in this Manual. 2. The manufacturer will repair or replace without charge, at its option, any Analyzer found defective in manufacture within the warranty period, which is two years from the date of purchase.
  • Page 114 The manufacturer reserves the right to check the product in its laboratories to verify the foundation of the claim. Technical Support Write: GS Instruments Co., Ltd. 70, Gilpa-ro 71beon-gil, Nam-ku, Incheon, Korea 402-854 Product Information and Technical Assistance: www.gsi-protek.com isale@gsinstrument.com...
  • Page 115 Revision History Date Version Changes 01/2015 Original Copyright © 2015 GS Instruments Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved Printed in Republic of Korea Specifications and features of this manual are subject to change without notice or obligation.
  • Page 116 Band Name Start Freq. Stop Freq. AMPS / EIA 553 -Uplink AMPS / EIA 553 -Downlink C-450 (P) -Uplink 463.5 C-450 (P) -Downlink 463.5 C-450 (SA) -Uplink 462.5 C-450 (SA) -Downlink 462.5 CDMA US Cellular -Uplink CDMA US Cellular -Downlink CDMA US PCS -Uplink 1920 CDMA US PCS -Downlink...

  • Page 117: Appendix 1 - Band List

    CDMA2000 Class 1, N.A. PCS -Downlink 1920 CDMA2000 Class 2, (TACS Band) -Uplink CDMA2000 Class 2, (TACS Band) -Downlink CDMA2000 Class 3, (JTACS Band) -Uplink 878.5 CDMA2000 Class 3, (JTACS Band) -Downlink 878.5 CDMA2000 Class 4, Korea PCS -Uplink 1810 CDMA2000 Class 4, Korea PCS -Downlink 1810 CDMA2000 Class 5, (NMT-450-20 kHz) -Uplink...
  • Page 118 GSM 1900 -Downlink 1959.8 JTACS -Uplink 878.5 JTACS -Downlink 878.5 MATS-E -Uplink MATS-E -Downlink N-AMPS / IS-88L -Uplink N-AMPS / IS-88L -Downlink N-AMPS / IS-88M -Uplink N-AMPS / IS-88M -Downlink N-AMPS / IS-88U -Uplink 897.5 N-AMPS / IS-88U -Downlink 897.5 NADC IS136 Cellular -Uplink NADC IS136 Cellular -Downlink NADC IS136 PCS -Uplink...
  • Page 119 NMT-900 -Uplink NMT-900 -Downlink NMT-900 (Offset) -Uplink NMT-900 (Offset) -Downlink NTACS -Uplink 878.5 NTACS -Downlink 878.5 PDC 800 Analog -Uplink 891.5 PDC 800 Analog -Downlink 891.5 PDC 1500 (JDC) -Uplink 1513 PDC 1500 (JDC) -Downlink 1513 PHS -Uplink 1906.5 PHS -Downlink 1906.5 SMR 800 -12.5 kHz -Uplink SMR 800 -12.5 kHz -Downlink...
  • Page 120 802.11 DS 2448 802.11 FH 2448.5 802.11g 2442 Bluetooth US & Europe Uplink 2400 2484 Band Name Start Freq. Stop Freq. Bluetooth US & Europe Downlink 2400 2484 Bluetooth US & Europe Fullband 2400 2484 Bluetooth Japan Uplink 2472 2497 Bluetooth Japan Downlink 2472 2497...
  • Page 121 Cellular 700 MHZ Downlink Cellular 700 MHZ Fullband DCS GSM 1800 Uplink 1710 1785 DCS GSM 1800 Downlink 1805 1880 DCS GSM 1800 Fullband 1710 1880 GSM 900 Uplink GSM 900 Downlink GSM 900 Fullband IEEE 802 11 FH Uplink 2402 2495 IEEE 802 11 FH Downlink...
  • Page 122 JTACS/NTAC Japan ARIB Downlink JTACS/NTAC Japan ARIB Fullband NMT 411 Uplink NMT 411 Downlink NMT 411 Fullband NMT 450 Uplink NMT 450 Downlink NMT 450 Fullband NMT 450 20 kHz CDMA2000 Uplink NMT 450 20 kHz CDMA2000 Downlink NMT 450 20 kHz CDMA2000 Fullband NMT 450 25 kHz CDMA2000 Uplink NMT 450 25 kHz CDMA2000 Downlink NMT 450 25 kHz CDMA2000 Fullband...
  • Page 123 Band Name Start Freq. Stop Freq. PDC 800 Downlink PDC 800 Fullband PDC 1500 Uplink 1549 PDC 1500 Downlink 1477 1501 PDC 1500 Fullband 1477 1549 PHS Uplink 1895 1918 PHS Downlink 1895 1918 PHS Fullband 1895 1918 SMR 800 Uplink SMR 800 Downlink SMR 800 Fullband SMR 1500 Uplink...
  • Page 124 Cable Type Relative Propagation Nominal Attenuation Velocity (V¦) dB/m @ 1000MHz FSJ1-50A 0.84 0.197 FSJ250 0.83 0.134 FSJ4-50B 0.81 0.119 HCC 12-50J 0.915 0.092 HCC 158-50J 0.95 0.023 HCC 300-50J 0.96 0.014 HCC 312-50J 0.96 0.013 HCC 78-50J 0.915 0.042 HF 4-1/8”...

  • Page 125: Appendix 2 - Cable List

    LMR200 0.830 0.344 LMR240 0.84 0.262 LMR400 0.85 0.135 LMR500 0.86 0.109 LMR600 0.87 0.087 LMR900 0.87 0.056 RG142 0.69 0.443 RG17, 17A 0.659 0.18 Cable Type Relative Propagation Nominal Attenuation Velocity (V¦) dB/m @ 1000MHz RG174 0.66 0.984 RG178B 0.69 1.509 RG187, 188...
  • Page 126 HFC-42D(1_5/8") 0.87 0.0243 RFCX-12D(1/2") 0.88 0.088 RFCX-22D(7/8") 0.88 0.049 RFCX-33D(1_1/4") 0.88 0.038 RFCX-42D(1_5/8") 0.87 0.028 RFCL-22D(7/8") 0.88 0.044 RFCL-33D(1_1/4") 0.88 0.034 RFCL-42D(1_5/8") 0.87 0.0315...

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