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Mime
Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions, a specification for formatting non-ASCII messages so
that they can be sent over the internet.
Network
Two or more computer systems connected together.
Packet
A piece of a message transmitted over a packet-switching network. One of the key features of a
packet is that it contains the destination address in addition to the data.
Subnet
A portion of a network that shares a common address component. On TCP/IP networks, subnets are
defined as all devices whose IP addresses have the same prefix. Dividing a network into subnets is
useful for both security and performance reasons.
Subnet Mask
A mask used to determine to what subnet an IP address belongs.
TCP
Abbreviation of Transport Control Protocol, and pronounced as separate letters. TCP is one of
the main protocols in TCP/IP networks. Whereas the IP protocol deals only with packets, TCP
enables two devices to establish a connection and exchange data. TCP guarantees delivery of data
and also guarantees that packets will be delivered in the same order in which they were sent.
TFTP
Trivial File Transfer Protocol. A version of the FTP protocol that has no directory or password
capability. Most commonly used protocol to upgrade firmware of network devices.
UDP
User Datagram Protocol. A TCP/IP protocol which allows for connections communications
between two network hosts. Retries are not handled and packet delivery is not guaranteed. Pack-
ets may also arrive out of sequence.
WAN
A computer network that spans a relatively large geographical area. Typically, a WAN consists of
two or more local area networks (LANs). Computers connected to a wide area network are often
connected through public networks, such as the telephone system. They can also be connected
through leased lines or satellites.
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