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G
I
ENERAL
NFORMATION
Pulse Oximeter
A pulse oximeter should not be used as an apnea monitor.
•
A pulse oximeter should be considered an early warning device. As a trend towards patient
•
deoxygenation is indicated, blood samples should be analyzed by a laboratory co-oximeter
to completely understand the patient's condition.
Measurements: if the accuracy of any measurement does not seem reasonable, first check
•
the patient's vital signs by alternate means and then check the pulse oximeter for proper
functioning.
Inaccurate measurements may be caused by:
Interfering Substances: carboxyhemoglobin may erroneously increase readings. The level of
•
increase is approximately equal to the amount of carboxyhemoglobin present. Dyes, or any
substance containing dyes, that change usual arterial pigmentation may cause erroneous
readings.
Alarms: Check alarm limits each time the pulse oximeter is used to ensure that they are
•
appropriate for the patient being monitored.
Loss of pulse signal can occur in any of the following situations:
•
Sensors:
•
1-10
Incorrect sensor application or use.
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Significant levels of dysfunctional hemoglobin (e.g. carboxyhemoglobin or
•
methemoglobin).
Intravascular dyes such as indocyanine green or methylene blue.
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Exposure to excessive illumination, such as surgical lamps (especially ones with a
•
xenon light source), bilirubin lamps, fluorescent lights, infrared heating lamps, or
direct sunlight (exposure to excessive illumination can be corrected by covering the
sensor with a dark or opaque material).
Excessive patient movement.
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Venous pulsations.
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Placement of a sensor on an extremity with a blood pressure cuff, arterial catheter,
•
or intravascular line.
The pulse oximeter can be used during defibrillation, but the readings may be
•
inaccurate for a short time.
The sensor is too tight.
•
There is excessive illumination from light sources such as a surgical lamp, a
•
bilirubin lamp, or sunlight.
A blood pressure cuff is inflated on the same extremity as the one with an SpO
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sensor attached.
The patient has hypotension, severe vascoconstriction, severe anemia, or
•
hypothermia.
There is arterial occlusion proximal to the sensor.
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The patient is in cardiac arrest or is in shock.
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Before use, carefully read the LNCS
•
Use only Masimo oximetry sensors for SpO
•
transducers (sensors) may cause improper performance.
Tissue damage can be caused by incorrect application or use of an LNCS
•
for example, by wrapping the sensor too tightly. Inspect the sensor site as directed
in the sensor Directions for Use to ensure skin integrity and correct positioning
and adhesion of the sensor.
Do not damage LNCS
•
components. Do not immerse the sensor in water, solvents, or cleaning solutions
(The sensors and connectors are not waterproof). Do not sterilize by irradiation,
steam, or ethylene oxide. See the cleaning instructions in the directions for reusable
®
Masimo LNCS
sensors.
www.zoll.com
®
sensor directions for use.
measurements. Other oxygen
2
®
sensors. Do not use an LNCS
®
sensor
®
sensor with exposed optical
906-0731-01 Rev. J
2
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