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SMC Networks ADSL Barricade SMC7204BRA User Manual

4-port adsl router with built-in annex a adsl modem
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Summary of Contents for SMC Networks ADSL Barricade SMC7204BRA

  • Page 2 ADSL Barricade 4-Port ADSL Router with Built-in Annex A ADSL Modem User Guide February 2004...

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    ABLE OF Introduction ....... 1 Features ......... . . 1 System Requirements .
  • Page 4 Table of Contents Getting Started with the Configuration Manager 23 Accessing the Configuration Manager ....23 Functional Layout ........25 Commonly used buttons .
  • Page 5 Viewing NAT Global Settings and Statistics ........59 Viewing NAT Rules and Rule Statistics .
  • Page 6 Table of Contents Viewing Your ATM VC ....... 99 Adding ATM VCs ........101 Modifying ATM VCs .
  • Page 7 Blocked Protocols ........149 Viewing DSL Line Information ....153 Administrative Tasks .

  • Page 8: Introduction

    Congratulations on becoming the owner of the ADSL Barricade, a 4-port ADSL Router with built-in ADSL Modem. Your LAN (Local Area Network) will now be able to access the Internet using your high-speed ADSL connection. This User Guide will show you how to set up the ADSL Barricade, and how to customize its configuration to get the most out of your new product.

  • Page 9: System Requirements

    Introduction System Requirements In order to use the ADSL Barricade, you must have the following: • ADSL service up and running on your telephone line, with at least one public Internet address for your LAN. • One or more computers each containing an Ethernet 10/100 Base-T network interface card (NIC).

  • Page 10: Typographical Conventions

    Typographical conventions • Italics are used to identify terms that are defined in the Terminology. • Square brackets are used for items you select from menus and drop-down lists. Special messages This document uses the following statement to call your attention to specific instructions or explanations.

  • Page 11: Getting To Know The Adsl Barricade

    ETTING TO Package Contents • One ADSL Barricade. • One Power adapter. • One RJ-45 Ethernet cable. • One RJ-11 Standard phone/DSL line cable. • Installation utility and Documentation CD. • Quick Installation Guide. ADSL B NOW THE ARRICADE...

  • Page 12: Hardware Description

    Getting to Know the ADSL Barricade Hardware Description Front Panel LED Label Color Status Green Green Steady Power On Green Blink Yellow Steady N/A Yellow Blink Power Off (*Alarm LED is optional, and for manufactory only*) Table 1. Front Panel and LEDs Rear Panel Rear Panel Connector Power Supply...

  • Page 13: Quick Start

    This Quick Start provides basic instructions for connecting the ADSL Barricade to a computer or LAN and to the Internet. • Connecting the Hardware describes how to set up the hardware. • Configuring Your Computers describes how to configure Internet properties on your computer(s). •...

  • Page 14: Step 1. Connect The Adsl Cable

    Quick Start Wall Jack Figure 1. Overview of Hardware Connections Step 1. Connect the ADSL cable Connect one end of the provided phone cable (RJ-11) to the port labeled ADSL on the Rear Panel of the device. Connect the other end to your wall phone jack.

  • Page 15: Step 2. Connect The Ethernet Cable

    Step 2. Connect the Ethernet cable If you are connecting a LAN to the ADSL Barricade, attach one end of a provided Ethernet cable to a regular hub port and the other to the Ethernet port on the ADSL Barricade. If you are using the ADSL Barricade with a single computer and no hub, you must use an Ethernet cable to attach the PC directly to the device.

  • Page 16: Windows® Xp

    Quick Start If you have connected your PC of LAN via Ethernet to the ADSL Barricade, follow the instructions that correspond to the operating system installed on your PC. ® Windows 1. In the Windows task bar, click the [Start] button, and then click [Control Panel].

  • Page 17: Windows 2000

    Windows 2000 First, check for the IP protocol and, if necessary, install it. 1. In the Windows task bar, click the [Start] button, point to [Settings], and then click [Control Panel]. 2. Double-click the [Network and Dial-up Connections] icon. 3. In the [Network and Dial-up Connections] window, right-click the [Local Area Connection] icon, and then select [Properties].

  • Page 18: Windows Me

    Quick Start 10. In the [Local Area Connection Properties] dialog box, select [Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)], and then click [Properties]. 11. In the [Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties] dialog box, click the radio button labeled [Obtain an IP address automatically]. Also click the radio button labeled [Obtain DNS server address automatically].

  • Page 19: Windows 95, 98

    8. If prompted, click [OK] to restart your computer with the new settings. Next, configure the PCs to accept IP information assigned by the ADSL Barricade. 9. In the Control Panel, double-click the [Network and Dial-up Connections] icon. 10. In the [Network and Dial-up Connections] window, right-click the [Network] icon, and then select [Properties].
  • Page 20 Quick Start 4. Select [Protocol], and then click [Add...]. The [Select Network Protocol] dialog box appears. 5. Click on [Microsoft] in the [Manufacturers] list box, and then click [TCP/IP] in the [Network Protocols] list box. 6. Click [OK] to return to the [Network] dialog box, and then click [OK] again.

  • Page 21: Windows Nt 4.0

    Windows NT 4.0 First, check for the IP protocol and, if necessary, install it. 1. In the Windows NT task bar, click the [Start] button, point to [Settings], then click [Control Panel]. 2. In the [Control Panel] window, double-click the [Network] icon. 3.

  • Page 22: Assigning Static Internet Information To Your Pcs

    Quick Start Assigning static Internet Information to your PCs In some cases, you may want to assign Internet information to some or all of your PCs directly (often called statically), rather than allowing the ADSL Barricade to assign it. This option may be desirable (but not required) if: •...

  • Page 23: Configuring The Adsl Barricade

    Note: Your PCs must have IP addresses that place them in the same subnet as the ADSL Barricade's LAN port. If you manually assign IP information to all your LAN PCs, you can follow the instructions in Configuring the LAN Ports to change the LAN port IP address accordingly.
  • Page 24 Quick Start Figure 2. Quick Configuration Page in Configuration The fields are described in the following table. Work with your ISP to determine which settings you need to change. Field Description ATM Interface: This setting allows you to select the ATM interface you want to use (usually [atm-0]).
  • Page 25 Bridge: You may select [Enabled] or [Disabled] to set the bridging between the ADSL Barricade and your ISP. Your ISP may also refer to this as RFC 1483 or Ethernet over ATM. IGMP: You may select [Enabled] or [Disabled] to set the Internet Group Management Protocol, which some ISPs use to perform remote configuration of your device.

  • Page 26: Default Router Settings

    Quick Start You have now finished customizing the basic settings. Read the following section in order to determine whether you need to change additional settings. Default Router Settings In addition to handling the DSL connection to your ISP, the ADSL Barricade can provide a variety of services to your network.
  • Page 27 NAT rule enabled (Network Address Translation) LAN Port IP Address Assigned static IP address: 192.168.1.1 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 Table 3. Default Settings Summary Configuring the ADSL Barricade Your computers’ private IP addresses (see DHCP above) will be translated to your public IP address whenever they access the Internet.

  • Page 28: Getting Started With The Configuration Manager

    ETTING ONFIGURATION The ADSL Barricade includes a preinstalled program called Configuration Manager, which provides an interface to the software installed on the device. It enables you to configure the device settings to meet the needs of your network. You access it through your web browser from any PC connected to the ADSL Barricade via the LAN ports.
  • Page 29 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager 2. Enter your [User Name] and [Password], and then click [OK]. The first time you log into the program, use these default values: Default User Name : smc Default Password : smcadmin Note: You can change the password at any time (See Configuring User Names and Passwords on page 157 for instructions).

  • Page 30: Functional Layout

    Functional Layout Configuration Manager tasks are grouped into several categories, which can be accessed by clicking the tabs at the top of each page. Each tab displays the available tasks in a horizontal menu at the top of the page. You can click on these menu items and display the specific configuration options.

  • Page 31: The Home Page And System View Table

    Getting Started with the Configuration Manager The Home Page and System View Table The [Home] page appears when you first access the program. This page is one of the two options available in the [Home] tab; (the other is the [Quick Configuration] page, as described in Quick Start, Logging into the ADSL Barricade).
  • Page 32 The Home Page and System View Table Table Heading Device This table displays basic information about the ADSL Barricade hardware and software versions, the system uptime (since the last reboot), and the preconfigured operating mode. This table displays the operational status, version, and performance statistics for the DSL line.

  • Page 33: Modifying Basic System Information

    Getting Started with the Configuration Manager Services This table displays the status of various services that the ADSL Summary Barricade performs to help you manage your network. A green check mark indicates that the service is active and a red X indicates that it is inactive.
  • Page 34 1. At the bottom of the [Home] page, click [Modify]. The [System – Modify] page appears in a separate browser window. Figure 5. System - Modify Page 2. Modify the fields on this page as required. The following table describes each field: Option Date: These fields initially appear dimmed.

  • Page 35: Committing Changes And Rebooting

    Getting Started with the Configuration Manager Host Name: You can use this field to specify an easy-to-remember name for the ADSL Barricade. The next time you want to access the Configuration Manager, you can type this name in the location box in your Web browser, instead of typing the digital IP address.

  • Page 36: Rebooting The Device Using Configuration Manager

    You can commit changes to save them permanently to a flash memory. Note: Submitting changes activates them immediately, but saves them only until the device is reset or powered down. Committing changes saves them permanently. Follow these steps to commit changes. 1.
  • Page 37 Getting Started with the Configuration Manager Option Reboot from Last Configuration Reboot from Backup Configuration Reboot from Default Configuration Warning: Do not reboot the device using the [Reset] button on the Rear Panel of the ADSL Barricade to activate new changes. This button resets the device settings to the factory default values.

  • Page 38: Connecting Via Ethernet

    This section describes how to configure IP properties for the interfaces on the ADSL Barricade that communicate with your LAN computers. Connecting via Ethernet If you are using the ADSL Barricade with multiple PCs on your LAN, you must connect the LAN via an Ethernet hub to the device's LAN port, called [eth-0].

  • Page 39: Configuring The Lan Ports

    Configuring the LAN Ports If your network uses a DHCP server (other than the ADSL Barricade) to assign IP addresses, you can configure the device to accept and use a LAN IP address assigned by that server. Similarly, if your ISP performs DHCP serving for your network, you can configure the device to accept an IP address assigned from the ISP's server.

  • Page 40: Configuring The Lan Port Ip Address

    The LAN Configuration table displays the following settings: Setting Description System Mode: This setting is preconfigured for your device, such as [Routing mode], [Bridging mode], or both modes simultaneously. This setting is not user-configurable. Get LAN This setting provides options for how the device’s LAN port Address: is assigned an IP address: [Manual] indicates that you will be assigning a static IP address,...
  • Page 41 Configuring the LAN Ports masks must be the same). See IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets for an explanation of IP addresses and network masks. If you change the LAN IP address, you may need to update the DHCP configuration so that the addresses that the DHCP server dynamically assigns to your computers are on the same subnet as the new LAN IP address.
  • Page 42 was previously configured, your current connection will be terminated. 4. Reconfigure your PCs, if necessary, so that their IP addresses place them in the same subnet as the new IP address of the LAN port. See Quick Start, Configuring Your Computers on page 9 for instructions.

  • Page 43: Viewing System Ip Addresses And Ip Performance Statistics

    ERFORMANCE The interface on the ADSL Barricade that communicates with other network and Internet devices are identified by unique Internet protocol (IP) addresses. You can use the Configuration Manager to view the list of IP addresses that your device uses, and to view other system and network performance data.
  • Page 44 Viewing System IP Addresses and IP Performance Statistics The listed IP addresses may include: • The IP address of the device's LAN (Ethernet) port, called [eth-0]. See Configuring the LAN Ports on page 33 for instructions on configuring this address. •...

  • Page 45: Viewing Ip Performance Statistics

    Viewing IP Performance Statistics Viewing IP Performance Statistics You can view statistics on the processing of Internet protocol packets (a packet is a collection of data that has been bundled for transmission). You will not typically need to view thi s data, but you may find it helpful when working with your ISP to diagnose network and Internet data transmission problems.

  • Page 46: Protocol

    ONFIGURING You can configure your network and ADSL Barricade to use the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). This section provides an overview of DHCP and instructions for implementing it on your network. Overview of DHCP What is DHCP? DHCP is a protocol that enables network administrators to centrally manage the assignment and distribution of IP information to computers on a network.

  • Page 47: Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

    Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol The DHCP server draws from a defined pool of IP addresses and leases them for a specified amount of time to your computers when they request an Internet session. It monitors, collects, and redistributes the addresses as needed. On a DHCP-enabled network, the IP information is assigned dynamically rather than statically.

  • Page 48: Configuring Dhcp Server

    • If you have another PC or device on your network that is already performing the DHCP server function, then you can configure the device's LAN port to be a DHCP client of that server (as are your PCs). This configuration is described in Configuring the LAN Ports.

  • Page 49: Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

    Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol You can create up to two pools. The pools can maintain a combined total of 254 IP addresses. For example, you can configure only one pool with addresses in the range 192.168.1.2 through 192.168.1.255, or two pools with the following address ranges: Pool 0: 192.168.1.2 through 192.168.1.128 Pool 1: 192.168.1.129 through 192.168.1.255...

  • Page 50: Adding Dhcp Server Address Pools

    Adding DHCP Server Address Pools Follow these instructions to create an IP address pool: 1. Log into Configuration Manager, click the [LAN] tab, and then click [DHCP Server] in the task bar. The [Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) Server Configuration] page appears: Figure 10.
  • Page 51 Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 2. Click [Add]. The [DHCP Server Pool – Add] page appears, as shown in Figure 11: Figure 11. DHCP Server Pool – Add Page 3. Enter values for the [Start IP Address:], [End IP Address:], and [Netmask:] fields, which are required, and any others as needed: Field...

  • Page 52: The Dhcp Server

    Netmask: This field specifies which portion of each IP address in this range refers to the network and which portion refers to the host (computer). For a description of network masks and LAN network masks, see IP Addresses, Network Masks, and Subnets.

  • Page 53: Viewing, Modifying, And Deleting Address Pools

    Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Viewing, modifying, and deleting address pools To view, modify, or delete an existing address pool, display the DHCP Server Configuration page, and click the icons in the corresponding row in the address pool table. • To delete an IP address pool, click and [Commit] your changes.

  • Page 54: Excluding Ip Addresses From A Pool

    Excluding IP addresses from a pool If you have IP addresses that are designated for fixed use with specific devices, or if for some other reason you do not want to make them available to your network, you can exclude them from the pool.

  • Page 55: Configuring Dhcp Relay

    Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol The DHCP Server Address Table lists any IP addresses that are currently leased to LAN devices. For each leased address, the table lists the following information: Field Description IP Address This field indicates the address that has been leased from the pool. Netmask This is the network mask associated with the leased address.
  • Page 56 First, you must configure your PCs to accept DHCP information assigned by a DHCP server: 1. Open the Windows [Control Panel] and display the computer's [Networking properties]. Configure the TCP/IP properties to [Obtain an IP address automatically] (the actual text may vary depending on your operating system).

  • Page 57: Setting The Dhcp Mode

    Configuring Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 4. Select your WAN interface from the drop-down list and click [Add]. Your WAN interface may be named [ppp-0], [eoa-0], or [ipoa-0]. Contact your ISP if you are unsure which type of WAN interface you use. Note: You can also delete an interface from the table by clicking in the right column.
  • Page 58 2. From the [DHCP Mode:] drop-down list, choose [DHCP Server], [DHCP Relay], or [None]. If you choose [None], your LAN computers must be configured with static IP addresses. 3. Click [Submit]. 4. Click the [Admin] tab, and then click [Commit & Reboot] in the task bar.

  • Page 59: Configuring Network Address Translation

    ONFIGURING DDRESS This section provides an overview of Network Address Translation (NAT) and instructions for modifying the default configuration on your device. Overview of NAT Network Address Translation is a method for disguising the private IP addresses you use on your LAN as the public IP address you use on the Internet.
  • Page 60 Configuring Network Address Translation Definition: When this type of NAT rule is applied, because the source IP address is swapped out, it appears to other Internet computers as if the data packets are actually originating from the computer assigned your public IP address (in this case, the ADSL Barricade). The NAT rule could further be defined to disguise the source port in the data packet (i.e., change it to another number), so that outside computers will not be able to determine the actual port from which...

  • Page 61: Viewing Nat Global Settings And Statistics

    Viewing NAT Global Settings and Statistics • They provide a measure of security for you LAN by enabling you to assign private IP addresses and then have these and the source port numbers swapped out before your computers access the Internet. The type of NAT function described above is called [Network Address Port Translation (NAPT)].
  • Page 62 Configuring Network Address Translation The [NAT Configuration] page contains the following elements: • The [NAT Options] drop-down list will provide access to the [NAT Configuration] page and [NAT Global Information] table (shown by default and in Figure 16), the [Network Address Translation (NAT) Rule Configuration] page (see Figure 18) and the [NAT Translations] page (see Figure 20).

  • Page 63: Viewing Nat Global Settings And Statistics

    Viewing NAT Global Settings and Statistics GRE Timeout Same as TCP Idle Timeout, but for GRE-based (sec): communication sessions. Default Nat Age For all other NAT translation sessions, the number of (sec): seconds after which a translation session will no longer be valid if no packets are received.

  • Page 64: Viewing Nat Rules And Rule Statistics

    Configuring Network Address Translation Viewing NAT Rules and Rule Statistics To view the NAT rules currently defined on your system, select [NAT Rule Entry] in the [NAT Options] drop-down list. The [Network Address Translation (NAT) Rule Configuration] page appears, as shown in Figure 18: Figure 18.

  • Page 65: Viewing Current Nat Translations

    Viewing Current NAT Translations Figure 19. NAT Rule Statistics Page The statistics show how many times this rule has been invoked and how many currently active sessions are using this rule. You can click [Clear] to reset the statistics to zeros and [Refresh] to display newly accumulated data.
  • Page 66 Configuring Network Address Translation For each current NAT Translations session, the table contains the following fields: Field Trans Index Rule ID Interface Protocol Alg Type NAT Direction Entry Age You can click about a NAT translation session. Description This is the sequential number assigned to the IP session used by this NAT translation session.
  • Page 67 Figure 21. NAT TRANSLATION – Details Page In addition to the information displayed in the [NAT TRANSLATION - Details] table, this table displays the following for the selected current translation sessions: Field Description Translated In This field indicates the public IP address to which the private Address: IP address was translated.

  • Page 68: Adding Nat Rules

    Configuring Network Address Translation Adding NAT Rules This section explains how to create rules for each NAT flavor. Note: You cannot edit existing NAT rules. To change a rule setup, delete it and add a new rule with the modified settings.
  • Page 69 Figure 22. NAT Rule-Add Page (NAPT Flavor) 4. Enter a [Rule ID:]. The Rule ID determines the order in which rules are invoked (the lowest numbered rule is invoked first, and so on). If you define two or more rules that act on the same set of IP addresses, be sure to assign the Rule ID so that the higher priority rules are invoked first.

  • Page 70: The Rdr Rule: Allowing External Access To A Lan Computer

    Configuring Network Address Translation of the range of private addresses you use on your network that you want to have translated. You can specify that data from all LAN addresses should be translated by typing [0] (zero) in each [From] field and [255] in each [To] field.
  • Page 71 Adding NAT Rules The following example illustrates using the RDR rule to provide external access to your web server: Your ADSL Barricade receives a packet containing a request for access to your Web server. The packet header contains the public address for your LAN as the destination IP address, and a destination port number 80.
  • Page 72 Configuring Network Address Translation Follow the following instructions to add an RDR rule (see steps 1-4 under The NAPT Rule for specific instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 below): 1. Display the [NAT Rule – Add] Page, select [RDR] as the [Rule Flavor:], if necessary, and enter a [Rule ID].
  • Page 73 5. In the [Global Address From:] and [Global Address To:] fields, type the public IP address assigned to you by your ISP. If you have multiple WAN (PPP) interfaces, this rule will not be enforced for data that arrives on other PPP interfaces. This rule will not be enforced for data that arrives on WAN interfaces not specified here.

  • Page 74: The Basic Rule: Performing 1:1 Translations

    Configuring Network Address Translation you specify. For example, if your Web server uses (non- standard) port 2000, but you expect incoming data packets to refer to (standard) port 80, you should enter 2000 here (and select HTTP or type 80 in the Destination Port fields). The headers of incoming packets destined for port 80 will be modified to refer to port 2000.
  • Page 75 Follow the folowing instructions to add a BASIC rule (see steps 1-4 under The NAPT Rule for specific instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 below): 1. Display the [NAT Rule – Add] Page, select [BASIC] as the [Rule Flavor:], and enter a [Rule ID:]. 2.

  • Page 76: The Filter Rule: Configuring A Basic Rule With Additional Criteria

    Configuring Network Address Translation 6. Follow steps 8-12 under The NAPT Rule on page 68 to submit your changes. The Filter rule: Configuring a BASIC rule with additional criteria Like the BASIC flavor, the Filter flavor translates public and private IP addresses on a one-to-one basis. The Filter flavor extends the capability of the BASIC rule.
  • Page 77 Follow these instructions to add a Filter rule (see steps 1-4 under The NAPT Rule on page 66 for specific instructions corresponding to steps 1 and 2 below): 1. Display the [NAT Rule – Add] Page, select [FILTER] as the [Rule Flavor:], and enter a [Rule ID:]. 2.

  • Page 78: The Bimap Rule: Performing Two-Way Translations

    Configuring Network Address Translation 6. In the [Destination Address From:] and [Destination Address To:] fields, specify a destination address (or range) if you want this rule to apply only to outbound traffic to the address (or range). If you enter only the network ID portion of the destination address, then the rule will apply to outbound traffic to all computers on network.
  • Page 79 Bimap rules can be used to provide external access to a LAN device. They do not provide the same level of security as RDR rules, because RDR rules also reroute incoming packets based on the port ID. Bimap rules do not account for the port number, and therefore allow external access regardless of the destination port type specified in the incoming packet.

  • Page 80: The Pass Rule: Allowing Specific Addresses To Pass Through Untranslated

    Configuring Network Address Translation The Pass rule: Allowing specific addresses to pass through untranslated You can create a Pass rule to allow a range of IP addresses to remain untranslated when another rule would otherwise do so. Figure 27. NAT Rule - Add Page (PASS Flavor) The Pass rule must be assigned a rule ID that is a lower number than the ID assigned to the rule it is intended to pass.
  • Page 81 3. In the [Local Address From:] and [Local Address To:] fields, type the lowest and highest IP addresses that define the range of private address you want to be passed without translation. If you want the Pass rule to act on only one address, type that address in both fields.

  • Page 82: Configuring Dns Server Addresses

    About DNS Domain Name System (DNS) servers map the user-friendly domain names that users type into their Web browsers (e.g. yahoo.com) to the equivalent numerical IP addresses that are used for Internet routing. When a PC user types a domain name into a browser, the PC must first send a request to a DNS server to obtain the equivalent IP addresses.

  • Page 83: Configuring Dns Relay

    Configuring DNS Server Addresses • Dynamically from a DHCP pool: You can configure the DHCP Server feature on the ADSL Barricade and create an address pool that specifies the DNS addresses to be distributed to the PCs. Refer to Configuring DHCP Server for instructions on creating DHCP address pools.
  • Page 84 on configuring your PPP interface. Note that you cannot change this property by modifying an existing PPP interface; you must delete the interface and recreate it with the new setting.) Using this option provides the advantage that you will not need to reconfigure the PCs or the ADSL Barricade if the ISP changes their DNS addresses.
  • Page 85 Configuring DNS Server Addresses Click the [Services] tab, and then click [DNS] in the task bar. The [Domain Name Service (DNS) Configuration] page appears. Figure 28. Domain Name Service (DNS) Configuration Page Type the IP address of the DNS server in an empty row and click [Add].

  • Page 86: Configuring Ip Routes

    ONFIGURING You can use the Configuration Manager to define specific routes for your Internet and network data. This section describes basic routing concepts and provides instructions for creating routes. Note: Most users do not need to define IP routes. Overview of IP Routes The essential challenge of a router is: when it receives data intended for a particular destination, which device should it send that data to? When you define IP routes, you provide the rules that a computer...

  • Page 87: Hops And Gateways

    Configuring IP Routes In comparison, when your computer initiates communication over the Internet, such as viewing a web page connecting to a web server, the data it sends out includes the IP address of the destination computer (the phone number). All your outgoing requests first go to the same router at your ISP (the first switchboard).

  • Page 88: Using Ip Routes To Define Default Gateways

    Using IP routes to define default gateways IP routes are defined on computers, routers, and other IP-enabled devices to instruct them which hop to take, or which gateway to use, to help forward data along to its specified destination. If no IP route is defined for a destination, then IP data is passed to a predetermined default gateway.

  • Page 89: Viewing The Ip Routing Table

    Configuring IP Routes • On the ADSL Barricade itself, a default gateway is defined to direct all outbound Internet traffic to a router at your ISP. This default gateway is assigned automatically by your ISP whenever the device negotiates an Internet connection. (The process for adding a default route is described on page 90.) You may need to define routes if your home setup includes two or more networks or subnets, if you connect to two or more ISP...
  • Page 90 The [IP Route Table] displays a row for each existing route. These include routes that were predefined on the device, routes you may have added, and routes that the device has identified automatically through communication with other devices. The following table defines the fields in the [IP Route Table]. Field Description Destination...

  • Page 91: Adding Ip Routes

    Configuring IP Routes Adding IP Routes Follow these instructions to add an IP route to the routing table. 1. From the [IP Route Table] page, click [Add]. The [IP Route - Add] page appears, as shown in Figure 30. 2. Specify the Destination, Netmask, and Gateway or NextHop for this route.
  • Page 92 3. Click [Submit]. 4. On the [Confirmation] page, click [Close] to return to the [IP Route Table] page. The [IP Routing Table] will now display the new route. 5. Click the [Admin] tab, and then click [Commit & Reboot] in the task bar. 6.

  • Page 93: Configuring The Routing Information Protocol

    ONFIGURING THE NFORMATION The ADSL Barricade can be configured to communicate with other routing devices to determine the best path for sending data to its intended destination. Routing devices communicate this information using a variety of IP protocols. This section describes how to configure the ADSL Barricade to use one of these, called the Routing Information Protocol (RIP).

  • Page 94: When Should You Configure Rip

    Configuring the Routing Information Protocol When should you configure RIP? Most small home or office networks do not need to use RIP; they have only one router, such as the ADSL Barricade, and one path to an ISP. In these cases, there is no need to share routes, because all Internet data from the network is sent to the same ISP gateway.
  • Page 95 Configuring the ADSL Barricade's Interfaces with RIP 1. Log into the Configuration Manager, click the [Services] tab, and then click [RIP] in the task bar. The [Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Configuration] page appears, as shown in Figure 31. Figure 31. Routing Information Protocol (RIP) Configuration Page The page contains radio buttons for [Enable] or [Disable] the RIP feature and a table listing interfaces on which the...
  • Page 96 Configuring the Routing Information Protocol 3. In the [IF Name] column, select the name of the interface on which you want to enable RIP. For communication with RIP-enabled devices on your LAN, select [eth-0] or the name of the appropriate virtual Ethernet interface. For communication with your ISP or a remote LAN, select the corresponding [ppp], [eoa], or other WAN interface.
  • Page 97 Configuring the ADSL Barricade's Interfaces with RIP RIP version 2 is the preferred selection because it supports classless IP addresses (which are used to create subnets) and other features. Select [RIP2] if all other routing devices on the autonomous network support this version of the protocol. 6.

  • Page 98: Viewing Rip Statistics

    Configuring the Routing Information Protocol Viewing RIP Statistics From the [RIP Configuration] page, you can click [Global Stats] to view statistics on attempts to send and receive route table data over RIP-enabled interfaces on the ADSL Barricade. Figure 32. RIP Global Statistics Page You can click [Clear] to reset all statistics to zero and [Refresh] to display any newly accumulated data.

  • Page 99: Viewing Your Atm Vc

    ONFIGURING THE IRTUAL IRCUIT As your LAN computers access the Internet via the ADSL Barricade, data is exchanged with your ISP through a complex network of telephone switches, Internet routers, servers, and other specialized hardware. These various devices communicate using a common language, or protocol, called Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM).

  • Page 100: Configuring The Atm Virtual Circuit

    Configuring the ATM Virtual Circuit The ATM VC Configuration table displays the following fields (contact your ISP to determine these settings): Field Description Interface This field indicates the name of the lower-level interface on which this VC operates. The low-level interface names are preconfigured in the software and identify the type of traffic that can be supported, such as data or voice.

  • Page 101: Adding Atm Vcs

    Adding ATM VCs You may need to create a VC if none has been predefined on your system or if you use multiple services with your ISP. Each service may require its own VC. Follow these instructions to add a VC: 1.

  • Page 102: Modifying Atm Vcs

    Configuring the ATM Virtual Circuit 6. When the [Confirmation] page appears, click [Close] to return to the [ATM VC Configuration] page.The new interface should now display in the [ATM VC Configuration] table. You may need to create a new WAN interface, or modify an existing interface, so that it uses the new VC.
  • Page 103 Figure 35. ATM VC Interface - Modify Page 2. Enter the new [VPI:] and [VCI:] values, select the [Mux Type:], or change the maximum number of protocols that the VC can carry, as directed by your ISP. You cannot modify the interface type over which an existing VC operates (aal5-0, for example).

  • Page 104: Configuring Ppp Interfaces

    ONFIGURING When powered on, the ADSL Barricade initiates a connection through your DSL line to your ISP. The point-to-point (PPP) protocol is commonly used between ISPs and their customers to identify and control various communication properties, including: • Identifying the type of service the ISP provides to a given customer.

  • Page 105: Viewing Your Current Ppp Configuration

    Configuring PPP Interfaces Viewing Your Current PPP Configuration To view your current PPP setup, log into the Configuration Manager, and click the [WAN] tab. Then click [PPP] in the task bar. The [Point to Point Protocol (PPP) Configuration] page appears, as shown in Figure 36.
  • Page 106 Viewing Your Current PPP Configuration The [Point to Point Protocol (PPP) Configuration] page displays the following fields: Field Interface Interface Sec Type Protocol WAN IP Gateway IP Description This is the predefined name of the PPP interface. This is the virtual circuit over which the PPP data are sent.
  • Page 107 Configuring PPP Interfaces Field Default Route Use DHCP Use DNS Oper. Status Action Description This field indicates whether the ADSL Barricade should use the IP address assigned to this connection as its default route. It can be [Enable] or [Disable]. See Quick Start on page 7 for an explanation of default routes.

  • Page 108: Viewing Ppp Interface Details

    Viewing PPP Interface Details Viewing PPP Interface Details When you click to view additional details, the [PPP Interface – Detail] page appears, as shown in Figure 37. Figure 37. PPP Interface – Detail Page...
  • Page 109 Configuring PPP Interfaces In addition to the properties defined on page 107, the [PPP Interface - Detail] page displays these fields: Field Status: Service Name: Description Indicates whether the interface has been specified in the system as: [Enabled] A connection will be established for use when the device is turned on or rebooted.
  • Page 110 Field Last Fail Cause: DNS: SDNS: Security Protocol: Login Name: Viewing PPP Interface Details Description This field indicates the action that ended the previous PPP session. [No Valid PADO Recvd]: The unit initiated a PPPoE handshake but did not receive a packet in reply from the ISP. [No Valid PADS Recvd]: After the initial handshake, the unit did not receive a confirmation packet from the ISP.

  • Page 111: Adding A Ppp Interface Definition

    Configuring PPP Interfaces Adding a PPP Interface Definition If you intend to use more than one type of service from your ISP, the device can be configured with multiple PPP interfaces, each with unique logon and other properties. Follow this procedure to define properties for a PPP interface: 1.

  • Page 112: Modifying And Deleting Ppp Interfaces

    3. Click [Submit]. A page appears to confirm your changes. 4. Click [Close] to return to the [Point to Point Protocol (PPP) Configuration] page and view the new interface in the table. 5. Click the [Admin] tab, and then click [Commit & Reboot] in the task bar.
  • Page 113 Configuring PPP Interfaces You can change only the [Status:] of the PPP connection, the [Security Protocol:], your [Login Name:], and your [Password:]. To modify the other settings, you must delete the interface and create a new one. To delete a [PPP Interface], display the [Point to Point Protocol (PPP) Configuration] page and click in the [Action] column for the interface you want to delete.

  • Page 114: Configuring Eoa Interfaces

    This section describes how to configure an Ethernet-over-ATM interface on the ADSL Barricade, if one is needed to communicate with your ISP. Overview of EOA The Ethernet-over-ATM (EOA) protocol is often referred to as RFC1483, which is the Internet specification that defines it. It is commonly used to carry data between local area networks that use the Ethernet protocol and wide-area networks that use the ATM protocol.

  • Page 115: Viewing Your Eoa Setup

    Configuring EOA Interfaces Viewing Your EOA Setup To view your current EOA configuration, log into Configuration Manager and click [WAN] in the task bar. Then click [EOA]. Figure 40 shows the [RFC1483/Ethernet over ATM (EOA) Config] page. Figure 40. RFC1483/Ethernet over ATM (EOA) Config Page The EOA table contains a row for each EOA interface currently defined on the device.
  • Page 116 Field Description Interface Sec Type This field indicates the type of security protections in effect on the interface ([Public], [Private], or [DMZ]). A [Public] interface connects to the Internet (IPoA interfaces are typically public). Packets received on a public interface are subject to the most restrictive set of firewall protections defined in the software.

  • Page 117: Adding Eoa Interfaces

    Configuring EOA Interfaces Field Default Route Gateway Address Status Action Adding EOA Interfaces Follow these instructions to add an EOA interface: 1. Click the [WAN] tab, and then click [EOA] in the task bar. Description This field indicates whether the ADSL Barricade uses the IP address assigned to this interface, if any, as its default route for your LAN.
  • Page 118 2. Click [Add]. The [EOA Interface – Add] page appears, as shown in Figure 41. Figure 41. EOA Interface – Add Page 3. Select one of the predefined interface names from the [EOA Interface:] drop down list. 4. From the [Interface Sec Type:] drop-down list, select the level of IP Firewall to be used on this interface, as defined on page 116.
  • Page 119 Configuring EOA Interfaces 7. If your ISP will assign the IP address from their DHCP server, click the [Enable] radio button in the [Use Dhcp] field. When DHCP is set to [Enable], the address you entered in the [Conf. IP Address:] field will be requested from the DHCP server;...

  • Page 120: Configuring Ipoa Interfaces

    This section describes how to configure an IPoA (Internet Protocol-over-ATM) interface on the ADSL Barricade. An IPoA interface can be used to exchange IP packets over the ATM network, without using an underlying Ethernet over ATM (EOA) connection. Typically, this type of interface is used only in product development and test environments, to eliminate unneeded variables when evaluating IP layer processing.
  • Page 121 Configuring IPoA Interfaces The following table describes the fields on this page: Field Interface RFC 1577 Lower Interface Peer IP Address Interface Sec Type Config IP Address Netmask Description This is the name the software uses to identify the IPoA interface.

  • Page 122: Adding Ipoa Interfaces

    Field Gateway Address Status Action Adding IPoA Interfaces Follow these instructions to add an IPoA interface: 1. Display the [IP over ATM (IPoA) Configuration] page and click [Add]. The [IPoA Interface – Add] page appears, as shown in Figure 43. Figure 43.
  • Page 123 Configuring IPoA Interfaces 2. Select the next available interface name from the [IPoA Interface:] drop-down list. 3. In the [Conf. IP Address:] and [Netmask:] fields, type the address and mask that what you want to assign to the IPoA interface. 4.

  • Page 124: Configuring Bridging

    ONFIGURING The ADSL Barricade can be configured to act as a bridging device between your LAN and your ISP. Bridges are devices that enable two or more networks to communicate as if they are two segments of the same physical LAN. This section describes how to configure the ADSL Barricade to operate as a bridge.
  • Page 125 Configuring Bridging On the receiving network, a LAN protocol such as Ethernet takes over, helping the packet reaches its destination. When the bridge does not recognize a packet's destination hardware ID, it broadcasts the packet through all of its interfaces – to each network it is attached to.

  • Page 126: When To Use The Bridging Feature

    When to Use the Bridging Feature Although the ADSL Barricade is preconfigured to serve as a router for providing Internet connectivity to your LAN, there are several instances in which you may also want to configure bridging: • Your ISP may use protocols that require bridging with your LAN. The device can be configured to appear as a bridge when communicating with your ISP, while continuing to provide router functionality for your LAN.
  • Page 127 Configuring Bridging The page displays radio buttons for enabling, and a table for specifying the interfaces on which bridging will be performed. The table may be empty if bridging has not yet been configured. 2. Select the [Interface Name] on which you want to perform bridging and click [Add].

  • Page 128: Deleting A Bridge Interface

    Deleting a Bridge Interface Deleting a Bridge Interface To make an interface non-bridgeable, display the [Bridge Configuration] page and click next to the interface you want to delete. Click [OK] to confirm the deletion. The interface remains defined in the system, but is no longer capable of performing bridging.

  • Page 129: Configuring Firewall Settings

    Configuration Manager provides built-in firewall functions, enabling you to protect the system against denial of service (DoS) attacks and other unwelcome or malicious accesses to your LAN. You can also specify how to monitor attempted attacks, and who should be automatically notified.
  • Page 130 Configuring Firewall Settings 2. Configure any of the following settings that figure in the [Firewall Global Information] table: Field Blacklist Status: Blacklist Period(min): Attack Protection: Dos Protection: Max Half open TCP Conn.: Description If you want the device to maintain and use a black list, click [Enable].
  • Page 131 Field Description Max ICMP Conn.: that can be used for ICMP messages. If the percentage is exceeded, then older ICMP IP sessions will be replaced by new sessions as they are initiated. Max Single Host This field sets the percentage of concurrent IP session Conn.: that can originate from a single computer.

  • Page 132: Managing The Black List

    Configuring Firewall Settings Managing the Black List If data packets are received that violate the firewall settings or any of the IP filter rules, then the source IP address of the offending packets can be blocked from such accesses for a specified period of time.

  • Page 133: Configuring Ip Filters And Blocked Protocols

    ONFIGURING LOCKED This section describes two Configuration Manager features that enable you to control the data passing through your network: • The IP filter feature enables you to create rules to block attempts by certain computers on your LAN to access certain types of data or Internet locations.

  • Page 134: Viewing Your Ip Filter Configuration

    Configuring IP Filters and Blocked Protocols If the packet matches the criteria established in a rule, the packet can either be accepted (forwarded towards its destination), or denied (discarded), depending on the action specified in the rule. Viewing Your IP Filter Configuration To view your current IP filter configuration, log into [Configuration Manager], click the [Services] tab, and then click [IP Filter] in the task bar.

  • Page 135: Configuring Ip Filter Global Settings

    Configuring IP Filter Global Settings The [IP Filter Configuration] page enables you to configure the following global IP filter settings. [Security Level:] This setting determines which IP filter rules take effect, based on the security level specified in each rule. For example, when [High] is selected, only those rules that are assigned a High security value will be effective.

  • Page 136: Creating Ip Filter Rules

    Configuring IP Filters and Blocked Protocols LAN computers have access to the ADSL Barricade's Internet connection. The term DMZ (de-militarized zone), in Internet networking terms, refers to computers that are available for both public and in-network accesses (such as a company's public Web server).
  • Page 137 Rule - Add] page appears, as shown in Figure 48.) Figure 48. IP Filter Rule - Add Page 2. Enter or select data for each field that applies to your rule. The following table describes the fields: Field Description Rule ID: Each rule must be assigned a sequential ID number.
  • Page 138 Configuring IP Filters and Blocked Protocols Interface: This is the interface on the ADSL Barricade on which the rule will take effect. See the examples on page 145 for suggestions on choosing the appropriate interface for various rule types. In Interface: This is the interface from which packets must have been forwarded to the interface specified in the previous selection.
  • Page 139 Security This is the security level that must be enabled globally for this rule Level: to take affect. A rule will be active only if its security level is the same as the globally configured setting (shown on the main [IP Filter Configuration] page).
  • Page 140 Configuring IP Filters and Blocked Protocols Src IP These fields indicate IP address criteria for the source Address: computer(s) (from which the packet originates) and the destination computer. In the drop-down list, you can configure the Dest IP rule to be invoked on packets containing: Address: [any]: any source IP address.
  • Page 141 Store State: When this option is enabled, packets are monitored for their state (i.e., whether they are the initiating packet or a subsequent packet in an ongoing communication, etc). This option provides a degree of security by blocking/dropping packets that are not received in the anticipated state.
  • Page 142 Configuring IP Filters and Blocked Protocols IP Frag Pkt: This field determines how the rule applies to IP packets that contain fragments. You can choose from the following options: [Yes]: [No]: [Ignore]: (Default) The rule will be applied to packets whether IP Option Pkt: This field determines whether the rule should apply to IP packets that have options specified in their packet headers.

  • Page 143: Ip Filter Rule Examples

    3. When you have finished selecting the criteria, make sure that the [Enable] radio button is selected at the top of the page. Then click [Submit]. After a [Confirmation] page appears, the [IP Filter Configuration] page will redisplay with the new rule showing in the table.
  • Page 144 Configuring IP Filters and Blocked Protocols 3. Specify the [Protocol] = [TCP] and enable the [Store State] setting. 4. Select the [TCP Protocol], then specify a [Dest Port] = [80], which is the well-known port number for web servers. 5. Enable the rule by clicking the radio button at the top of the page.

  • Page 145: Viewing Ip Filter Statistics

    Configuring IP Filters 4. Click [Submit] to create the rule, and commit your changes. Figure 49 shows how this rule could be configured: Figure 49. IP Filter Rule - Add page. Viewing IP Filter Statistics For each rule, you can view statistics on how many packets were accepted or denied.

  • Page 146: Managing Current Ip Filter Sessions

    Configuring IP Filters and Blocked Protocols Figure 50. IP Filter Rule - Statistics Page You can click [Clear] to reset the count to zero and [Refresh] to display newly accumulated data. Managing Current IP Filter Sessions When two computers communicate using the IP protocol, an IP session is created for the duration of the communication.

  • Page 147: Blocked Protocols

    The [IP Filter Session] table displays the following fields for each current IP session: Field Session Index Time to expire Protocol IP Address Port In Rule Index Out Rule Index In Action Out Action Action(s) You can click [Refresh] to display newly accumulated data. Blocked Protocols The [Blocked Protocols] feature enables you to prevent the ADSL Barricade from passing any data that uses a particular protocol.
  • Page 148 Configuring IP Filters and Blocked Protocols needed or wanted on your network, this feature provides a convenient way to discard such data before it is passed. To display the [Blocked Protocols] page, click the [Services] tab, and then click [Blocked Protocols] in the task bar. The [Blocked Protocols] page appears, as shown in Figure 52.
  • Page 149 Protocol Description PPPoE This is the abbreviation of Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. Many DSL modems use PPPoE to establish and maintain a connection with a service provider. PPPoE provides a means of logging in to the ISPs servers so that they can authenticate you as a customer and provide you access to the Internet.
  • Page 150 Configuring IP Filters and Blocked Protocols IPV6 Multicast This field displays IP Multicasting under IP Protocol version 6. See IP Multicast above. 802.1.Q This IEEE specification defines a protocol for virtual LANs on Ethernet networks. A virtual LAN is a group of PCs that function as a local area network, even though the PCs may not be physically connected.

  • Page 151: Viewing Dsl Line Information

    DSL L IEWING NFORMATION To view configuration parameters and performance statistics for the ADSL Barricade’s DSL line, log into Configuration Manager. Then click the [WAN] tab. The [DSL Status] page appears by default, as shown in Figure 53. Figure 53. DSL Status Page The [DSL Status] page displays current information on the DSL line performance.
  • Page 152 Viewing DSL Line Information Although you generally will not need to view the remaining data, it may be helpful when troubleshooting connection or performance problems with your ISP. You can click [Clear] to reset all counters to zero, and [Refresh] to display the page with newly accumulated values.
  • Page 153 Viewing DSL Line Information From the [DSL Status] page, you can click [Stats] to display DSL line performance statistics, as shown in Figure 55. Figure 55. DSL Statistics Page The [DSL Statistics] page reports error data relating to the last 15-minute interval, the current day, and the previous day.
  • Page 154 Viewing DSL Line Information At the bottom of the page, the [Detailed Interval Statistic (Past 24 hrs)] table displays links you can click on to display detailed data for each 15-minute interval in the past 24 hours. For example, when you click on [1-4], the data appear for the 16 intervals (15-minutes each) that make up the previous 4 hours.

  • Page 155: Administrative Tasks

    DMINISTRATIVE This section describes the following administrative tasks that you can perform using Configuration Manager: • Configuring User Names and Passwords. • Viewing System Alarms. • Upgrading the Software. • Using Diagnostics. • Modifying Port Settings. You can access these tasks from the [Admin] tab task bar. The other Admin tasks listed in the [Admin] tab –...
  • Page 156 Administrative Tasks 1. Log into the Configuration Manager, then click the [Admin] tab. Click [User Config], the [User Password Configuration] page appears, as shown in Figure 57. Figure 57. User Configuration Page 2. Type the [Old Password:], then type the [New Password:] in exactly the same way in both text boxes.

  • Page 157: Viewing System Alarms

    Viewing System Alarms You can use the Configuration Manager to view information about alarms that occur in the system. Alarms, also called traps, are caused by a variety of system events, including connection attempts, resets, and configuration changes. Although you will not typically need to view this information, it may be helpful in working with your ISP to troubleshoot problems you encounter with the device.

  • Page 158: Upgrading The Software

    Administrative Tasks Upgrading the Software Your ISP may from time to time provide you with an upgrade to the software running on the ADSL Barricade. All system software is contained in a single file, called an image. The image is composed of several distinct parts, each of which implements a different set of functions.

  • Page 159: Using Diagnostics

    TEAppl.gsz Filesys.bin TEPatch.bin 3. Click [Upload]. The following message box appears at the bottom of the page: Loading New Software: Please do not interrupt the upgrade process. A status page will appear Automatically when loading is completed (about 1 minute). 4.
  • Page 160 Administrative Tasks 2. From the [ATM VC:] drop-down list, select the name of the ATM interface currently defined on your system. 3. Click [Submit]. The diagnostics utility will run a series of test to check whether the device's connections are up and working. This takes only a few seconds and the results for each test are displayed on screen.

  • Page 161: Modifying Port Settings

    Modifying Port Settings Overview of IP port numbers The header information in an IP data packet specifies a destination port number. Routers use the port number along with the specified IP addresses to forward the packet to its intended recipient. For example, all IP data packets that the ADSL Barricade receives from the Internet specify the same IP address (your public IP address) as the destination.

  • Page 162: Modifying The Adsl Barricade's Port Numbers

    Administrative Tasks Modifying the ADSL Barricade’s port numbers In some cases, you may want to assign non-standard port numbers to the HTTP and Telnet servers that are embedded on the ADSL Barricade. The following scenario is one example where changing the HTTP port number may be necessary: You have an externally visible Web server on your LAN, with a NAT Rule (RDR flavor) that redirects incoming HTTP packets to that Web server.
  • Page 163 Follow these steps to modify port settings: 1. Log into the Configuration Manager, click the [Admin] tab. Then click [Port Settings] in the task bar. The [Port Settings] page is shown in Figure 61. Figure 61. Port Settings Page 2. Type the new port number(s) in the appropriate text box(es) and click [Submit].

  • Page 164: Ip Addresses

    IP Addresses Note: This section pertains only to IP addresses for IPv4 (version 4 of the Internet Protocol). IPv6 addresses are not covered. This section assumes basic knowledge of binary numbers, bits, and bytes. For details on this subject, see Appendix B on page 173. IP addresses, the Internet's version of telephone numbers, are used to identify individual nodes (computers or devices) on the Internet.
  • Page 165 Appendix A The first part of every IP address contains the network ID, and the rest of the address contains the host ID. The length of the network ID depends on the network's class (see following section). Figure 62 shows the structure of an IP address. Class A Class B Class C...

  • Page 166: Network Classes

    Network classes The three commonly used network classes are A, B and C. (There is also a class D but it has a special use beyond the scope of this discussion.) These classes have different uses and characteristics. Class A networks are the Internet's largest networks, each with room for over 16 million hosts.

  • Page 167: Subnet Masks

    Appendix A Subnet masks Definition: Subnet masks are used to define subnets (what you get after dividing a network into smaller pieces). A subnet's network ID is created by "borrowing" one or more bits from the host ID portion of the address. The subnet mask identifies these host ID bits. For example, consider a class C network 192.168.1.
  • Page 168 Note: Sometimes a subnet mask does not specify any additional network ID bits, and thus no subnets. Such a mask is called a default subnet mask. These masks are: - Class A: - Class B: - Class C: These are called default because they are used when a network is initially configured, at which time it has no subnets.

  • Page 169: Binary Numbers

    Binary Numbers In everyday life, we use the decimal system of numbers. In decimal, numbers are written using the ten digits 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Computers, however, do not use decimal. Instead, they use binary. Definition (binary numbers): Binary numbers are numbers written using only the two digits 0 and 1, e.g.

  • Page 170: Binary Numbers

    Appendix B Bits and bytes Computers handle binary numbers by grouping them into units of distinct sizes. The smallest unit is called a bit, and the most commonly used unit is called a byte. Definition (bit and byte): A bit is a single binary digit, i.e., 0 or 1. A byte is a group of eight consecutive bits (the number of bits can vary with computers, but is almost always eight), e.g., 11011001.

  • Page 171: Troubleshooting

    This troubleshooting suggests solutions for problems you may encounter in installing or using the ADSL Barricade, and provides instructions for using several IP utilities to diagnose problems. Contact Customer Support if these suggestions do not resolve the problem. LEDs • Power LED does not illuminate after product is turned on Verify that you are using the power cable provided with the device and that it is securely connected to the ADSL...
  • Page 172 Troubleshooting Internet Access • My PC cannot access Internet Use the ping utility, discussed in the following section, to check whether your PC can communicate with the ADSL Barricade's LAN IP address (by default [192.168.1.1]). If it cannot, check the Ethernet cabling. If you statically assigned a private IP address to the computer, (not a registered public address), verify the following: - Check that the gateway IP address on the computer is...
  • Page 173 • My LAN PCs cannot display web pages on the Internet Verify that the DNS server IP address specified on the PCs is correct for your ISP, as discussed in the item above. If you specified that the DNS server be assigned dynamically from a server, then verify with your ISP that the address configured on the ADSL Barricade is correct.
  • Page 174 Troubleshooting • My changes to Configuration Manager are not being retained Be sure to use the [Commit] function after any changes. • Diagnosing Problem using IP Utilities ping Ping is a command you can use to check whether your PC can recognize other computers on your network and the Internet.
  • Page 175 Troubleshooting If the target computer cannot be located, you will receive the message [Request timed out]. Using the ping command, you can test whether the path to the ADSL Barricade is working (using the preconfigured default LAN IP address 192.168.1.1) or another address you assigned. You can also test whether access to the Internet is working by typing an external address, such as that for www.yahoo.com (216.115.108.243).
  • Page 176 Troubleshooting The window will display the associate IP address, if known, as shown in Figure 63 Figure 63. Using the nslookup Utility There may be several addresses associated with an Internet name. This is common for web sites that receive heavy traffic; they use multiple, redundant servers to carry the same information.

  • Page 177: Technical Specifications

    Interface Ports: - Internet (WAN): ADSL RJ11 (pin 3 and 4) - Network (LAN): 4-Port 10/100 Mbps Ethernet switch (Auto MDI/MDI-X) ADSL Features: - Embedded full-rate ADSL Modem Compliant with ANSI T1.413 Issue 2 , ITU G.992.1 (G.DMT) and ITU G.992.2 (G.Lite).
  • Page 178 Technical Specifications Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) • Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) • - Bridging/Routing Functionality: Up to 1000 hosts • Transparent bridging as specified in IEEE 802.1D • Bridged PDU encapsulation • Provides up to 1024 NAT translation sessions •...
  • Page 179 Standards Compliance: - ADSL : ANSI T1.413 Issue 2 G.DMT ( ITU G.992.1 ) G.Lite ( ITU G.992.2 ) - Ethernet : IEEE 802.3 10 Base-T Ethernet IEEE 802.3u 100 Base-Tx Fast Ethernet Operating System Support Windows 98 first and second edition Windows Me Windows 2000 Windows XP...
  • Page 180 Technical Specifications Power Input 12V/1.2A Weight 545g Dimensions 20 x 14.8 x 3.9 cm (LxWxH) Electromagnetic Compatibility CE R&TTE, FCC part 15 class B and FCC part 68 Safety CSA,UL 1950, EN60950...

  • Page 181: Terminology

    ERMINOLOGY 10BASE-T A designation for the type of wiring used by Ethernet networks with a data rate of 10 Mbps. Also known as Category 3 (CAT 3) wiring. See also data rate, Ethernet. 100BASE-T A designation for the type of wiring used by Ethernet networks with a data rate of 100 Mbps.
  • Page 182 Terminology binary The base two system of numbers, that uses only two digits, 0 and 1, to represent all numbers. In binary, the number 1 is written as 1, 2 as 10, 3 as 11, 4 as 100, etc. Although expressed as decimal numbers for convenience, IP addresses in actual use are binary numbers;...
  • Page 183 Terminology DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) DHCP automates address assignment and management. When a computer connects to the LAN, DHCP assigns it an IP address from a shared pool of IP addresses; after a specified time limit, DHCP returns the address to the pool. DHCP relay (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol relay) A DHCP relay is a computer that forwards DHCP data between computers that request IP addresses and the DHCP server that...
  • Page 184 Terminology domain name A domain name is a user-friendly name used in place of its associated IP address. For example, www.globespan.net is the domain name associated with the IP address 209.191.4.240. Domain names must be unique. Their assignment is controlled by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN).
  • Page 185 Terminology firewall Any method of protecting a computer or LAN connected to the Internet from intrusion or attack from the outside. Some firewall protection can be provided by packet filtering and Network Address Translation services. FTP (File Transfer Protocol) A program used to transfer files between computers connected to the Internet.
  • Page 186 Terminology host A device (usually a computer) connected to a network. HTTP (Hyper-Text Transfer Protocol) HTTP is the main protocol used to transfer data from web sites so that it can be displayed by web browsers. See also web browser. ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) An Internet protocol used to report errors and other network-related information.
  • Page 187 Terminology IP address (Internet Protocol address) The address of a host (computer) on the Internet, consisting of four numbers, each from 0 to 255, separated by periods, e.g., 209.191.4.240. An IP address consists of a network ID that identifies the particular network the host belongs to, and a host ID uniquely identifying the host itself on that network.
  • Page 188 Terminology mask See network mask. Mbps Abbreviation for Megabits per second, or one million bits per second. Network data rates are often expressed in Mbps. Microfilter In splitterless deployments, a microfilter is a device that removes the data frequencies in the DSL signal, so that telephone users do not experience interference (noise) from the data signals.
  • Page 189 network mask A network mask is a sequence of bits applied to an IP address to select the network ID while ignoring the host ID. Bits set to 1 mean "select this bit" while bits set to 0 mean "ignore this bit." For example, if the network mask 255.255.255.0 is applied to the IP address 100.10.50.1, the network ID is 100.10.50, and the host ID is 1.
  • Page 190 Terminology POTS splitter See splitter. PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) A protocol for serial data transmission that is used to carry IP (and other protocol) data between your ISP and your computer. The WAN interface on the ADSL Barricade uses two forms of PPP called PPPoA and PPPoE.
  • Page 191 Terminology RJ-11 (Registered Jack Standard-11) The standard plug used to connect telephones, fax machines, modems, etc. to a telephone jack. It is a 6-pin connector usually containing four wires. RJ-45 (Registered Jack Standard-45) The 8-pin plug used in transmitting data over phone lines. Ethernet cabling usually uses this type of connector.
  • Page 192 Terminology each jack in the home carries both voice and data, requiring a microfilter for each telephone to prevent interference from the data signal. ADSL is usually splitterless; if you are unsure if your installation has a splitter, ask your DSL provider. See also splitter, microfilter.
  • Page 193 Telnet An interactive, character-based program used to access a remote computer. While HTTP (the web protocol) and FTP only allow you to download files from a remote computer, Telnet allows you to log into and use a computer from a remote location. TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) A protocol for file transfers, TFTP is easier to use than File Transfer Protocol (FTP) but not as capable or secure.
  • Page 194 Terminology VCI (Virtual Circuit Identifier) Together with the Virtual Path Identifier (VPI), the VCI uniquely identifies a VC. Your ISP will tell you the VCI for each VC they provide. See also VC. VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) Together with the Virtual Circuit Identifier (VCI), the VPI uniquely identifies a VC.
  • Page 195 Terminology Web site A computer on the Internet that distributes information to (and gets information from) remote users through web browsers. A web site typically consists of web pages that contain text, graphics, and hyperlinks. See also hyperlink, web page. WWW (World Wide Web) Also called (the) Web.

  • Page 196: Compliances

    OMPLIANCES FCC - Class B This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.
  • Page 197 Compliances of devices that may be connected to the line, as determined by the total RENs, contact the telephone company to determine the maximum REN for the calling area. If this equipment causes harm to the telephone network, the telephone company will notify you in advance that temporary discontinuance of service may be required.
  • Page 198 EC Conformance Declaration - Class B This information technology equipment complies with the requirements of the Council Directive 89/336/EEC on the Approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to Electromagnetic Compatibility and 73/23/EEC for electrical equipment used within certain voltage limits and the Amendment Directive 93/ 68/EEC.

  • Page 199: Safety Compliance

    Compliances Safety Compliance Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise (Germany) Bitte lesen Sie diese Hinweise sorgfältig durch. Heben Sie diese Anleitung für den späteren Gebrauch auf. Vor jedem Reinigen ist das Gerät vom Stromnetz zu trennen. Verwenden Sie keine Flüssigoder Aerosolreiniger. Am besten eignet sich ein angefeuchtetes Tuch zur Reinigung. Die Netzanschlu ßsteckdose soll nahe dem Gerät angebracht und leicht zugänglich sein.
  • Page 200 Verbesserung erzielen. Das Gerät ist gefallen und/oder das Gehäuse ist beschädigt. Wenn das Gerät deutliche Anzeichen eines Defektes aufweist. Stellen Sie sicher, daß die Stromversorgung dieses Gerätes nach der EN 60950 geprüft ist. Ausgangswerte der Stromversorgung sollten die Werte von AC 7,5-8V, 50-60Hz nicht über oder unterschreiten sowie den minimalen Strom von 1A nicht unterschreiten.

  • Page 201: Legal Information And Contacts

    EGAL SMC's Limited Warranty Statement SMC Networks Europe ("SMC") warrants its products to be free from defects in workmanship and materials, under normal use and service, for the applicable warranty term. All SMC products carry a standard 2 year limited warranty from the date of purchase from SMC or its Authorized Reseller.
  • Page 202 Legal Information and Contacts WARRANTIES EXCLUSIVE: IF A SMC PRODUCT DOES NOT OPERATE AS WARRANTED ABOVE, CUSTOMER'S SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT OF THE PRODUCT IN QUESTION, AT SMC'S OPTION. THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, EITHER IN FACT OR BY OPERATION OF LAW, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY AND...
  • Page 203 SMC. SMC reserves the right to change specifications at any time without notice. Trademarks SMC is a registered trademark and Barricade is a trademark of SMC Networks, Inc. Other product and company names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.

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