Pid Loop Operation - Hitachi L2002 Instruction Manual

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PID Loop Operation

PID Loop Operation

In standard operation, the inverter uses a reference source selected by parameter A001
for the output frequency, which may be a fixed value (F001), a variable set by the front
panel potentiometer, or value from an analog input (voltage or current). To enable PID
operation, set A071 = 01. This causes the inverter to calculate the target frequency, or
setpoint.
A calculated target frequency can have a lot of advantages. It lets the inverter adjust the
motor speed to optimize some other process of interest, potentially saving energy as
well. Refer to the figure below. The motor acts upon the external process. To control that
external process, the inverter must monitor the process variable. This requires wiring a
sensor to either the analog input terminal [O] (voltage) or terminal [OI] (current).
Setpoint
SP
When enabled, the PID loop calculates the ideal output frequency to minimize the loop
error. This means we no longer command the inverter to run at a particular frequency, but
we specify the ideal value for the process variable. That ideal value is called the setpoint,
and is specified in the units of the external process variable. For a pump application it
may be gallons/minute, or it could be air velocity or temperature for an HVAC unit.
Parameter A075 is a scale factor that relates the external process variable units to motor
frequency. The figure below is a more detailed diagram of the PID function.
Standard
setting
F001
Multi-speed
settings
A020 to
Potentiometer
on keypad
V/I input
select
[AT]
Voltage
O
A GND
L
OI
Current
Error PID
∑
Calculation
PV
Setpoint
(Target)
Scale factor
Frequency
reciprocal
source select
1
A075
A035
Process Variable
(Feedback)
Analog input scaling
A012
A011
A015 A013 A014
A076 PID V/I input select
Freq.
Inverter
Process Variable (PV)
A001
Error
SP
∑
PV
PV
External
Motor
Process
Sensor
Scale factor
A075 F001
P gain
A072
Frequency
setting
I gain
∑
A073
D gain
A074
Scale factor Monitor
A075 D004