Page 1 For example, model number HP8648A is now model number Agilent 8648A. About this Manual We’ve added this manual to the Agilent website in an effort to help you support your product. This manual provides the best information we could find. It may be incomplete or contain dated information, and the scan quality may not be ideal.
Page 2 User’s Guide HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers c?ii HEWLETT PACKARD HP Part No. 08590-90301 Supersedes: 08590-90234 Printed in USA July 1998...
Page 3 Notice. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. Hewlett-Packard makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
Page 4 Certification Hewlett-Packard Company certifies that this product met its published specifications at the time of shipment from the factory. Hewlett-Packard further certifies that its calibration measurements are traceable to the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology, to the extent allowed by the Institute’s calibration facility, and to the calibration facilities of other International Standards Organization members.
Page 5: Safety Symbols
Safety Symbols The following safety symbols are used throughout this manual. Familiarize yourself with each of the symbols and its meaning before operating this instrument. Caution Caution denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure that, if not correctly performed or adhered to, would result in damage to or destruction of the instrument.
Page 6: General Safety Considerations
General Safety Considerations Warning This is a Safety Class I product (provided with a protective earthing ground incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact. Any interruption of the protective conductor, inside or outside the instrument, is likely to make the instrument dangerous.
Page 7: Regulatory Information
Caution VENTILATION REQUIREMENTS: When installing the product in a cabinet, the convection into and out of the product must not be restricted. The ambient temperature (outside the cabinet) must be less than the maximum operating temperature of the product by 4°C for every 100 watts dissipated in the cabinet.
Page 8 HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers, and HP 8591C Cable TV Analyzer; Component-Level &pair Service hide provides information for component-level repair of the analyzer. Options 041 and 043: HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591C Cable TV Analyzer Guide...
Page 9: Table Of Contents
Contents 1. Preparing For Use What You’ll Find in This Chapter ..... . . l - l Introducing the HP 8590 Series Spectrum Analyzers ... . . l - l .
Page 10 3. Making Basic Measurements What You’ll Learn in This Chapter ..... . Resolving Signals of Equal Amplitude Using the Resolution Bandwidth Function . Resolving Small Signals Hidden by Large Signals Using the Resolution Bandwidth Function .
Page 11 5. Using Analyzer Features What You’ll Learn in this Chapter ..... . . Use the Marker Table to List All the Active Markers ....Use the Peak Table to List the Displayed Signals .
Page 12 5-43 To Enter a Prefix ......6. Printing and Plotting Printing or Plotting with HP-IB ......Printing Using an HP-IB Interface .
Page 13 Measurement Personalities, Options, and Accessories What You’ll Find In This Chapter ..... . . 10-l Measurement Personalities ......10-2 Broadcast Measurements Personality .
Page 14 Rack Mount Kit Without Handles (Option 908) ....IO-12 Rack Mount Kit With Handles (Option 909) ....10-12 IJser’s Guide and Calibration Guide (Option 910) .
Page 15 Figures l - l l-l. HP 8590 Series Spectrum Analyzer ..... 1-2. Setting the Line Voltage Selector Switch ....l-3.
Page 16 4-3. Block Diagram of a Spectrum Analyzer/Tracking-Generator Measurement System 4-4. Transmission Measurement Test Setup ....4-5. Tracking-Generator Output Power Activated ....
Page 17 6-3. ThinkJet Printer Switch Settings ..... . 6-4. HP-IB to Centronics Converter Setup .....
Page 18 lhbles l-l. Accessories Supplied with the Spectrum Analyzer ....1-2. Power Requirements ......l-3.
Page 19: Preparing For Use
Preparing For Use What You’ll Find in This Chapter This chapter describes the process of getting the spectrum analyzer ready to use when you have just received it. See “Preparing Your Spectrum Analyzer For Use” for the process steps. The process includes initial inspection, setting up the unit for the selected ac power source, and performing automatic self-calibration routines.
Page 20: Preparing Your Spectrum Analyzer For Use
Preparing Your Spectrum Analyzer for Use Detailed information for all of the steps in this process is included in this chapter. 1. Unpack the spectrum analyzer and inspect it. 2. Verify that all of the accessories and documentation has been shipped. 3.
Page 21: L-L. Accessories Supplied With The Spectrum Analyzer
Initial Inspection Inspect the shipping container for damage. If the shipping container or cushioning material is damaged, keep it until you have verified that the contents are complete and you have tested the spectrum analyzer mechanically and electrically. Table l-l contains the accessories shipped with the spectrum analyzer. If the contents are incomplete or if the spectrum analyzer does not pass the verification tests in the calibration guide, notify the nearest Hewlett-Packard office.
Page 22: Power Requirements
Power Requirements The spectrum analyzer is a portable instrument and requires no physical installation other than connection to a power source. Warning Failure to ground the spectrum analyzer properly can result in personal injury. Use an ac power outlet that has a protective earth contact. DO NOTdefeat the earth grounding protection by using an extension cable, power cable, or autotransformer without a protective ground conductor.
Page 23: Checking The Fuse
Checking the Fuse The recommended fuse is size 5 by 20 mm, rated F5A, 250 V (IEC approved). This fuse may be used with input line voltages of 115 V or 230 V. Its HP part number is 2110-0709. With an input line voltage of 115 V an alternate fuse can be used. In areas where the recommended fuse is not available, a size 5 by 20 mm, rated fast blow, 5 A, 125 V (ULXSA approved) fuse may be substituted.
Page 24: Power Cable
Power Cable The spectrum analyzer is equipped with a three-wire power cable, in accordance with international safety standards. When connected to an appropriate power line outlet, this cable grounds the instrument cabinet. Warning Failure to ground the spectrum analyzer properly can result in personal injury.
Page 25 lhble 1-3. AC Power Cables Available C A B L E C A B L E P L U G C A B L E F O R IJSE P L U G T Y P E * * DESCRIPTI’JN L E rl G T H H P P A R T C O L O R...
Page 26: Turning On The Analyzer For The First Time
Turning on the Analyzer for the First Time When you turn the spectrum analyzer on for the first time, you should perform frequency and amplitude self-calibration routines to generate correction factors and indicate that the unit is functioning correctly. The spectrum analyzer should be allowed to warm-up for 30 minutes before performing the self-calibration routines.
Page 27: Performing The Tracking-Generator Self-Calibration Routine
001 (7562 input), use the 750 calibration cable shipped with the analyzer. Use only 750 connectors to avoid damage to the RF input connector. Note Option 105 only: Remove all connections to the GATE TRIGGER INPUT rear-panel connector before performing the self-calibration routines. 6.
Page 28: Performing The Ytf Self-Calibration Routine
Performing the YTF Self-Calibration Routine For preselected spectrum analyzers (HP 8592L, HP 85933, HP 8595E, and HP 85963) only, the yig-tuned filter (YTF) self-calibration routine should be performed periodically. See “When Self-Calibration Needed?” in Chapter 2 for helpful guidelines on how often the self-calibration routines should be performed.
Page 29: Electrostatic Discharge
Electrostatic Discharge Electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage or destroy electronic components. All work on electronic assemblies should be performed at a static-safe work station. Figure l-5 shows an example of a static-safe work station using two types of ESD protection: H Conductive table-mat and wrist-strap combination.
Page 30: Reducing Damage Caused By Esd
Reducing Damage Caused by ESD The following suggestions may help reduce ESD damage that occurs during testing and servicing operations. Before connecting any coaxial cable to an spectrum analyzer connector for the first time each day, momentarily ground the center and outer conductors of the cable. w Personnel should be grounded with a resistor-isolated wrist strap before touching the center pin of any connector and before removing any assembly from the unit.
Page 31: Getting Started
Getting Started What You’ll Learn in this Chapter This chapter introduces the basic functions of the HP 8590 Series spectrum analyzers. In this chapter you will: w Get acquainted with the front-panel and rear-panel features. Get acquainted with the menus and softkeys. w Learn about screen annotation.
Page 32: L. Front-Panel Feature Overview
Figure 2-l. Front-Panel Feature Overview [FREQUENCY], ISPAN), and @Kii%ZE] are the three large dark-gray keys that activate the primary spectrum analyzer functions and access menus of related functions. INSTRUMENT STATE functions affect the state of the entire spectrum analyzer. Self-calibration routines and special-function menus are accessed with these keys. The green @‘EZi] key resets the spectrum analyzer to a known state.
Page 33 Note If you wish to reset the spectrum analyzer configuration to the state it was in when it was originally shipped from the factory, use DEFAULT CONFIG . Refer to the DEFAULT CONFIG softkey description in Chapter 7 for more information. Icopv) prints or plots screen data.
Page 34: L. Rf Output Frequency Range
100 MHz COMB OUT supplies a 100 MHz reference signal that has harmonics up to GHz. Fbr the HP 85921, HP 8593E, or HP 8596E only. Memory card reader reads from or writes to a memory card. The memory card reader is standard with an HP 85913, HP 85933, HP 85943, HP 85953, and HP 85963.
Page 35: Rear-Panel Features
Rear-Panel Features SEP OPT LO OUT WE P+ TU E p ,“K,“ER In- FUSE VIDEO SWEEP HIGH SWEEP OUTPVT N / O U T CTTLj OUTPUT ._.. _ \I I ‘W MON I T A AUX I N TE ACE ““TPUT r--7 EXJ TRlG I I N UT(TTLj...
Page 36 GATE TRIGGER INPUT (‘ITL) accepts a TTL signal which acts as the gate trigger. In edge mode, the trigger event (positive or negative edge) initiates a gate delay. In level mode, the gate trigger input signal opens and closes the gate directly: TTL high sets the gate on;...
Page 37 Caution Turn off the spectrum analyzer before connecting the AUX INTERFACE connector to a device. Failure to do so may result in loss of factory-correction constants. Do not exceed the current limits for the +5 V supply when using the AUX INTERFACE connector.
Page 38: Holdkey
Data Controls Data controls are used to change values for functions such as center frequency, start frequency, resolution bandwidth, and marker position. The data controls will change the active function in a manner prescribed by that function. For example, you can change center frequency in fine steps with the knob, in discrete steps with the step keys, or to an exact value with the number/units keypad.
Page 39: Adjusting The Fine Focus
Step Keys The step keys allow discrete increases or decreases of the active function value. The step size depends upon the spectrum analyzer measurement range or on a preset amount. Each press results in a single step change. For those parameters with fixed values, the next value in a sequence is selected each time a step key is pressed.
Page 40: Screen Annotation
Screen Annotation Figure 2-4 shows an example of the annotation that may appear on a spectrum analyzer screen. The screen annotation is referenced by numbers and is listed in ‘Iable 2-2. The function key column indicates which front-panel key or softkey activates the function related to the screen annotation.
Page 41: Screen Annotation
The display will be compressed slightly when using the PAL or NTSC format for the MONITOR OUTPUT, instead of the normal format. The PAL and NTSC formats have less vertical resolution than the spectrum analyzer display. The top and bottom of the spectrum analyzer display are compressed slightly so that all of the information can be fit into the size required by the MONITOR OUTPUT.
Page 42: Screen Annotation For Trace, Trigger, And Sweep Modes
‘Ihble 2-3. Screen Annotation for Trace, Trigger, and Sweep Modes Trace Mode Trigger Mode Sweep Mode F = free run W = clear write (traces A/B/C) C = continuous M = maximum hold (traces A/B) L = line S = single sweep V = view (traces A/B/C) V = video E = external...
Page 43 Making a Measurement Caution Do not exceed the maximum input power. The maximum input power for the HP 8590L and HP 85913 is +30 dBm (1 watt) continuous, 25 Vdc (with 10 dB or more attenuation). The maximum input power for the HP 85921, and HP 85933 is +30 dBm (1 watt) continuous, 0 Vdc (with input attenuation of 10 dB or more in bands 1 through 4.) The maximum input power for the HP 85943, HP 8594L, HP 85953, or...
Page 44: Relationship Between Frequency And Amplitude
Figure 2-5 demonstrates the relationship between center frequency and reference level. The box in the figure represents the spectrum analyzer screen. Changing the center frequency changes the horizontal placement of the signal on the screen. Changing the reference level changes the vertical placement of the signal on the screen. Increasing the span increases the frequency range that appears horizontally on the screen.
Page 45: Reading The Amplitude And Frequency
Measurement Summary 1. Connect the spectrum analyzer CAL OUT to the INPUT 5OQ and press the (PRESET_) key. 300 CMHz). [FREQUENCY), 2. Set the center frequency by pressing the following keys: 3. Set the span by pressing the following keys: ISPAN), 20 m. 4.
Page 46 Improving Accuracy with Self-Calibration Routines Data from the self-calibration routine is necessary for spectrum analyzer operation. Executing the self-calibration routine regularly ensures that the spectrum analyzer is using current calibration data that improves the spectrum analyzer frequency and amplitude accuracy. Press the ICAL) key to view the self-calibration routine menus.
Page 47 Note If the frequency calibration CAL FREQ and the amplitude calibration CAL AMPTD self-calibration routines are used, the frequency calibration should be performed before the amplitude calibration, unless the frequency data is known to be accurate. The CAL FREQ softkey starts the frequency self-calibration routine. This routine adjusts the frequency, sweep time, and span accuracy in approximately 2 minutes.
Page 48: Performing The Ytf Self-Calibration Routine
Performing the YTF Self-Calibration Routine (HP 8592L, HP 85933, HP 85953, or HP 85963 Only) For HP 8592L, HP 85933, HP 85953, and HP 85963 spectrum analyzers only, the YTF self-calibration routine should be performed periodically. See “When Is Self-Calibration Needed?”...
Page 49: Inserting The Memory Card
6. If accurate self-calibration is needed temporarily in a different environment, use CAL FREQ t AMPTD CAL STORE , but do not press . The temporary correction factors will be CAL FETCH used until the spectrum analyzer is turned off or until is pressed.
Page 50: Memory Card Battery Date Code Location
Changing the Memory Card Battery It is recommended that the memory card battery be changed every 2 years. The battery is a lithium commercial CMOS type battery, part number CR 2016 or HP part number 1420-0383. Note The minimum lifetime of the battery (under ordinary conditions) is more than 2 years.
Page 51: Memory Card Battery Replacement
Procedure to Change the Memory Card Battery The battery is located beside the card’s write-protect switch on the end opposite the connector. Caution The battery power enables the memory card’s memory to retain data. You can lose the data when the battery is removed. Replace the battery while the card is installed in a powered-up instrument.
Page 52: Rear-Panel Battery Information Label
Analyzer Battery Information The HP 8590 Series spectrum analyzers use a 3.6 V lithium battery to enable the spectrum analyzer memory to retain data. The date when the battery was installed is on a label on the rear panel of the spectrum analyzer. See Figure 2-10. The minimum life expectancy of the battery is 8 years at 25 “C, or 1 year at 55 “C.
Page 53: Hp 85963 Only)
Making Basic Measurements What You’ll Learn in This Chapter This chapter demonstrates basic spectrum analyzer measurements with examples of typical measurements; each measurement focuses on different functions. The measurement procedures covered in this chapter are listed below. Resolving signals of equal amplitude using the resolution bandwidth function. Resolving small signals hidden by large signals using the resolution bandwidth function, Increasing the frequency readout resolution using the marker counter.
Page 54: Resolving Signals Of Equal Amplitude Using The Resolution Bandwidth Function
Resolving Signals of Equal Amplitude Using the Resolution Bandwidth Function In responding to a continuous-wave signal, a swept-tuned spectrum analyzer traces out the shape of the spectrum analyzer intermediate frequency (IF) filters. As we change the filter bandwidth, we change the width of the displayed response. If a wide filter is used and two equal-amplitude input signals are close enough in frequency, then the two signals appear as one.
Page 55: Resolving Signals Of Equal Amplitude
Note When using an HP 8590L with Option 713 or an HP 8592L with Option 713, and the signal peak cannot be found, increase the span to 20 MHz by pressing [PEAK SEARCH], (MKRJ, ISPAN) 20 INIHz_). The signal should be visible. Press MK TRACK ON OFF (ON), then ISPAN_) 2 INIHz) to bring the signal to center screen.
Page 56: Resolving Small Signals Hidden By Large Signals Using The Resolution Bandwidth Function
Resolving Small Signals Hidden by Large Signals Using the Resolution Bandwidth Function When dealing with resolution of signals that are not equal in amplitude, you must consider the shape of the IF filter as well as its 3 dB bandwidth. The shape of the filter is defined by the shape factor, which is the ratio of the 60 dB bandwidth to the 3 dB bandwidth.
Page 57: Signal Resolution With A 10 Khz Resolution Bandwidth
3. Set the source to 300.2 MHz, so that the signal is 200 kHz higher than the calibration signal. Set the amplitude of the signal to -80 dBm (60 dB below the calibration signal). [PEAK SEARCH), 4. Set the 300 MHz signal to the reference level by pressing [MKR), then MARKER -+REF LVL .
Page 58: Increasing The Frequency Readout Resolution Using The Marker Counter
Increasing the Frequency Readout Resolution Using the Marker Counter Note This application cannot be performed using an HP 8590L with Option 713 or an HP 8592L with Option 713. The marker counter increases the resolution and accuracy of frequency readout. When using the marker count function, if the bandwidth to span ratio is too small (less than O.Ol), the Reduce Span message appears on the display.
Page 59: Decreasing The Frequency Span Using The Marker Track Function
Decreasing the Frequency Span Using the Marker Track Function Using the spectrum analyzer marker track function, you can quickly decrease the span while keeping the signal at center frequency. Example: Examine a carrier signal in a 200 kHz span. 1. Press (PRESET], tune to a carrier signal, and place a marker at the peak. (If you are using the CAL OUT signal, place the marker on the 300 MHz calibration signal.
Page 60: Peaking Signal Amplitude With Preselector Peak
Peaking Signal Amplitude with Preselector Peak Note This application should only be performed using an HP 8592L, HP 8593E, HP 8595E, or HP 85963. PRESEL PEAK works above 2.9 GHz only (bands 1 through 4). The preselector peak function automatically adjusts the preselector tracking to peak the signal at the active marker.
Page 61: Tracking Unstable Signals Using Marker Track And The Maximum Hold And Minimum Hold Functions
Tracking Unstable Signals Using Marker Track and the Maximum Hold and Minimum Hold Functions The marker track function is useful for tracking unstable signals that drift with time. The maximum hold and minimum hold functions are useful for displaying modulated signals which appear unstable, but have an envelope that contains the information-bearing portion of the signal.
Page 62: Using Marker Tracking To Track An Unstable Signal
5. The signal frequency drift can be read from the screen if both the marker track and marker delta functions are active. Press INIKR), MARKER A , Cm), MK TRACK ON OFF ; the marker readout indicates the change in frequency and amplitude as the signal drifts. See Figure 3-9.
Page 63: Viewing An Unstable Signal Using Max Hold A
M K R 1 0 4 . 8 8 1 3 M H z C E N T E R 1 0 4 8813 MHz S P A N 5 0 0 . 0 kHz RES BW 1 ktiz VEW 1 0 SWP 3 0 msec Figure 3-10.
Page 64: Comparing Signals Using Delta Markers
Comparing Signals Using Delta Markers Using the spectrum analyzer, you can easily compare frequency and amplitude differences between signals, such as radio or television signal spectra. The spectrum analyzer delta marker function lets you compare two signals when both appear on the screen at one time or when only one appears on the screen.
Page 65: Using The Marker Delta Function
MKA A 2!97 0 dEm ATTEN 1 0 - 1 3 . 4 3 dB PEaK WA SB S C F C COAR C E N T E R 900 MHz SPQN 1 600 GH.? RES EW 3 MHZ VBW 1 MHZ SWP 2 0 msec Figure 3-13.
Page 66: Frequency And Amplitude Difference Between Signals
CFREQUENCY] Press to activate center frequency. Turn the knob clockwise slowly to adjust the center frequency until a second signal peak is placed at the position of the second marker. It may be necessary to pause occasionally while turning the knob to allow a sweep to update the trace.
Page 67: Measuring Low-Level Signals Using Attenuation, Video Bandwidth, And Video Averaging
Measuring Low-Level Signals Using Attenuation, Video Bandwidth, and Video Averaging Spectrum analyzer sensitivity is the ability to measure low-level signals. It is limited by the noise generated inside the spectrum analyzer. The spectrum analyzer input attenuator and bandwidth settings affect the sensitivity by changing the signal-to-noise ratio. The attenuator affects the level of a signal passing through the instrument, whereas the bandwidth affects the level of internal noise without affecting the signal.
Page 68: Using 0 Db Attenuation
6. Press (AMPLITUDE), ATTEN AUTO MAN . Press the step-up key (m) once to select 20 dB attenuation. Increasing the attenuation moves the noise floor closer to the signal. A “#” mark appears next to the AT annotation at the top of the display, indicating the attenuation is no longer coupled to other spectrum analyzer settings.
Page 69: Decreasing Video Bandwidth
RES BW A “#I’ mark appears next to the annotation at the lower-left corner of the screen, indicating that the resolution bandwidth is uncoupled. As the resolution bandwidth is reduced, the sweep time is increased to maintain calibrated data. Example: The video-filter control is useful for noise measurements and observation of low-level signals close to the noise floor.
Page 70 Example: If a signal level is very close to the noise floor, video averaging is another way to make the signal more visible. Note The time required to construct a full trace that is averaged to the desired degree is approximately the same when using either the video-bandwidth or the video-averaging technique.
Page 71: Using The Video Averaging Function
i i ? 7 MKR 1 8 1 . 7 3 MHz - 6 0 2 9 dBm *TEN 10 dR SMPL -17 “ I D AVG WA SB SC FC CURR S P A N 1 0 . 0 0 M H Z C E N T E R Irnl 7 3 MHZ SWP 2 0 rnsec...
Page 72: Identifying Distortion Products Using The Rf Attenuator And Traces
Identifying Distortion Products Using the RF Attenuator and Traces Distortion from the Analyzer High-level input signals may cause spectrum analyzer distortion products that could mask the real distortion measured on the input signal. Using trace B and the RF attenuator, you can determine which signals, if any, are internally generated distortion products.
Page 73: No Harmonic Distortion
.o MHZ C E N T E R 400 0 MHZ C E N T E R 400 0 MHZ SPAiN SPAiN 200 .o MHZ SWP 20 SWP 20 0 nl5P 0 nl5P RES BW 1 0 MHZ RES BW 1 0 MHZ “BW 300 kHZ “BW 300 kHZ Figure 3-22.
Page 74: Third-Order Intermodulation Distortion
Third-Order Intermodulation Distortion Two-tone, third-order intermodulation distortion is a common problem in communication systems. When two signals are present in a system, they can mix with the second harmonics generated and create third-order intermodulation distortion products, which are located close to the original signals.
Page 75: Measuring The Distortion Product
SPEAK SEARCH], To measure the other distortion product, press NEXT PEAK . This places a marker on the next highest peak, which, in this case, is the other source signal. To measure the difference between this test tone and the second distortion product, press MARKER A and use the knob to adjust the second marker to the peak of the second distortion product.
Page 76: Using The Analyzer As A Receiver In Zero Frequency Span
Using the Analyzer As a Receiver in Zero Frequency Span The spectrum analyzer operates as a fixed-tuned receiver in zero span. The zero span mode can be used to recover modulation on a carrier signal. Center frequency in the swept-tuned mode becomes the tuned frequency in zero span. The horizontal axis of the screen becomes calibrated in time, rather than frequency.
Page 77: Viewing An Am Signal
0 dBm ATTEN 1 0 PEAK C E N T E R 3 0 0 0 0 C E N T E R 3 0 0 0 0 MHz S P A N 2 0 . 0 0 S P A N 2 0 . 0 0 MHz #RES BW 1 MHZ #RES BW 1 VBW 3 0 0 kHz...
Page 78: Measuring Signals Near Band Boundaries Using Harmonic Lock
Measuring Signals Near Band Boundaries Using Harmonic Lock Note This application should only be performed using an HP 8592L, HP 85933, HP 85953, or HP 85963. When measuring signals at or near a band crossing, use the lowest band having a specified upper frequency limit that will include the signal of interest.
Page 79: Using Harmonic Lock
MKR a 2 0 0 . 4 M H z 0 dBm ATTEN 1 0 dB -2 0 2 dB MARKER C C E N T E R 1 2 . 9 0 0 0 GHr S P A N 3 5 0 . 0 MHz RES BW 3 MHz “BW 1 MHZ SWP 2 0 msec...
Page 80: Making Measurements
Making Measurements What You’ll Learn in This Chapter This chapter demonstrates spectrum analyzer measurement techniques with examples of typical applications; each application focuses on different features. The measurement procedures covered in this chapter are listed below. Measuring amplitude modulation using the fast Fourier transform function. w Stimulus-response measurements using the built-in tracking generator (Option 010 or 011).
Page 81: Measuring Amplitude Modulation With The Fast Fourier Transform Function
Measuring Amplitude Modulation with the Fast Fourier Transform Function A Fourier transform, transforms time domain data (zero span) into the frequency domain. The fast Fourier transform (FFT) function of the spectrum analyzer allows measurements of amplitude modulation (AM). It is commonly used to measure AM at rates that cannot be measured in the normal frequency domain due to spectrum analyzer limitations on narrow resolution bandwidths.
Page 82 If the FFT stop frequency is less than the highest harmonic of the AM modulation, than the FFT results may include aliased signals. That is, it will include some signals that are being displayed at the wrong frequency. The sweep time affects the sample rate and must be optimized to avoid aliasing.
Page 83 10. To confirm that the resolution bandwidth and video bandwidth are correct for measuring the modulation amplitude, use the following procedure: a. Press (MKRI and use the knob to move the marker to the desired modulation signal. this example, place the marker on the 60 Hz fundamental modulation signal. Note For HP 8590L with Option 713 or HP 8592L with Option 713 the resolution bandwidth must be left at about 100 kHz to accommodate frequency drift of...
Page 84: Percent Amplitude Modulation Measurement
Note When the FFT measurement is active, pressing the CMEAS/USER) key will cycle between the MEASUSER and FFT menus. MKR 1 . 8 1 7 LHZ .B dBrn RTTEH i@ dB - 4 5 . 2 5 dBrn No u5er SMPL Men”...
Page 85 b. Press (Bw) and decrease the resolution bandwidth using the Q) key, until measured signal amplitude drops. Then press @) to increase the bandwidth until the signal amplitude stops increasing and stays the same, or until the maximum resolution bandwidth is reached.
Page 86: Stimulus-Response Measurements
Stimulus-Response Measurements Note This application should only be performed using an HP 8590L or HP 85913 with Option 010 or 011, or using an HP 85933, HP 85943, HP 85953, or HP 85963 with Option 010. What Are Stimulus-Response Measurements? Stimulus-response measurements require a source to stimulate a device under test (DUT), a receiver to analyze the frequency-response characteristics of the DUT, and, for return-loss measurements, a directional coupler.
Page 87: Using A Spectrum Analyzer With A Tracking Generator
Using a Spectrum Analyzer with a Tracking Generator The procedure below describes how to use the built-in tracking generator system of the HP 85913 Option 010 spectrum analyzer to measure the rejection of a low-pass filter which is a type of transmission measurement. Illustrated in this example are the functions in the tracking-generator menu, such as adjusting the tracking-generator output power, source calibration, and normalization.
Page 88: Tracking-Generator Output Power Activated
& & ATTEN 1 0 d8 PEAK PEAK W A SB W A SB S C FC S C FC CORR CORR C E N T E R 900 MHZ S P A N 1 S P A N 1 800 GHr 800 GHr CENTER RES BW 3 MHZ...
Page 89: Decrease The Resolution Bandwidth To Improve Sensitivity
6. Decrease the resolution bandwidth to increase sensitivity, and narrow the video bandwidth to smooth the noise. In Figure 4-7, the resolution bandwidth has been decreased to 10 kHz. ATTEN 1 0 PEAK V P St S C F ! CO!a C E N T E R 4 4 3 6 MHZ S P A N 5 0 0 .
Page 90: Normalized Trace
Note If the automatic tracking routine is activated in a narrow resolution bandwidth, it usually is not necessary to use the tracking adjust again when increasing the resolution bandwidth. 7. To make a transmission measurement accurately, the frequency response of the test system must be known.
Page 91: Tracking Generator Unleveled Condition
MKR 3 4 9 . 9 MHZ 0 darn *TTEN 10 da -ia 6 4 dB PEAK WA-SE S C FC ----,.&-- S P A N 5 0 0 . 0 MHz C E N T E R 4 4 3 6 MHz SWP 5 0 msec XRES BW 1 0 CHZ “BW...
Page 92: Demodulating And Listening To An Am Or Fm Signal
Demodulating and Listening to an AM or FM Signal Note This application should only be performed using an HP 85913, HP 8593E, HP 85943, HP 85953, or HP 85963 with Option 102 or 103. The functions listed in the menu under Demod allow you to demodulate and hear signal information displayed on the spectrum analyzer.
Page 93: Continuous Demodulation Of An Fm Signal
Example: The signal can be continuously demodulated if the spectrum analyzer is in zero span. Place the marker on a signal of interest as in steps 1 through 3 of the previous example. If the signal of interest is the highest-amplitude on-screen signal, set the frequency of the signal to center frequency by pressing (MKR-1 then MK TRACK ON OFF (ON).
Page 94: Triggering On A Selected Line Of A Video Picture Field
Triggering on a Selected Line of a Video Picture Field Note This application should only be performed using an HP 85913, HP 85933, HP 85943, HP 85953, or HP 85963 with Option 301 (Options 101 and 102 combined). With Option 301, you can trigger on a TV picture carrier signal. This example enables you to view a test signal transmitted during vertical retrace when the TV screen is blanked.
Page 95: Triggering On An Even Field Of A Video Format
MKR a5 0 0 0 p&PC ATTEEJ 10 dB 283 02 u” REF 1 4 9 2 m” SHPL V A SB S C TS CORR S P A N 0 H Z C E N T E R 6 7 . 2 5 0 MHz VW 3 0 0 kHZ #SWP 1 0 0 met YRES BW 1 MHZ...
Page 96: Making Reflection Calibration Measurements
Making Reflection Calibration Measurements Typically, the calibration standard for reflection measurements is a short circuit connected at the reference plane (the point at which the test device will be connected-see Figure 4-15). A short circuit has a reflection coefficient of 1 (0 dB return loss); it thus reflects all incident power and provides a convenient 0 dB reference.
Page 97: Measuring The Return Loss
4. Adjust the spectrum analyzer for measurement conditions or settings. Turn on the tracking generator and set the amplitude level by pressing (AUX], Track Gen , and setting SRC PWR ON OFF to ON. Set center frequency, span, and other settings. 5.
Page 98: Using The Gate Utility To Simplify Time-Gated Measurements (Option 105 Only)
Using the Gate Utility to Simplify Time-Gated Measurements (Option 105 only) The time gate allows the user to control when a spectrum analyzer measurement begins and the length of time during which the measurement is made. The time gate is an RF signal switch that permits signal into the spectrum analyzer only while the switch, or gate, is closed.
Page 99 The types of signals that can be measured using the time gate function include: Pulsed RF signals Time domain multiple access (TDMA) communication system signals Interleaved or intermittent signals Signals with transient spectra Time critical signals are present in many different applications. A few of the applications are listed below: Digital cellular communication systems require measurements on pulse modulated TDMA signals.
Page 100 lo. Press Define Gate. Use the GATE DELAY and GATE LENGTH keys to position the gate. Once gate delay or gate length are activated, use the knob and data entry keys can be used to position the two vertical gate markers. Select a time interval within the last half of the pulse is selected.
Page 101: Using The Time-Gated Spectrum Analyzer Capability Without The Gate Utility
Using the Time-Gated Spectrum Analyzer Capability Without the Gate Utility Note Option 105 is required to perform this application. Option 101, fast time domain sweep, is recommended in addition to Option 105, because it significantly increases the resolution available in the time domain. With Option 101, sweep times (in zero span) as fast as 20 ps can be used, otherwise the maximum sweep time is limited to >20 ms.
Page 102: Viewing Time-Sharing Of A Frequency With An Oscilloscope
Note When Option 105 is enabled, it’interrupts the internal signal path of the spectrum analyzer, so several spectrum analyzer functions may not be available under all conditions. These conditions include: marker noise (MK NOISE ON OFF ), sample detection while in the frequency span mode, quasi-peak detection (Option 103), and AM/FM demodulation and TV sync trigger (Option 102).
Page 103: Using The Time-Gated Spectrum Analyzer Capability To View Pulsed Rf
G T P O S L O G CORP C E N T E R 5 0 0 0 0 MHr S P A N 5 0 0 0 MHz #RES 1 0 0 #SWP # V B W 3 0 0 hHr Figure 4-19.
Page 104: Pulse Repetition Interval And Pulse Width (With Two Signals Present)
Figure 4-20. Pulse Repetition Interval and Pulse Width (with Two Signals Present) Description of Items in Figure 4-20 Item Pulse repetition interval (PRI) of signal I. PRI is measured in time units. PRI is equivalent to l/PRF, where PRF is the pulse repetition frequency. Pulse repetition interval (PRI) of signal 2.
Page 105: Example Of A Time-Gated Pulsed Rf Signal
Use the guidelines in Table 4-l when using Option 105 to view a pulsed RF signal. These are only guidelines, and the spectrum analyzer settings can be changed if necessary. ‘Ihble 4-l. Determining Spectrum Analyzer Settings for Viewing a Pulsed RF Signal Spectrum Spectrum Analyzer Setting Comments...
Page 106: Test Setup For Option
The following example demonstrates the rules for setting up a time-gated measurement. In this example, we are using two signal generators to generate two signals at the same frequency (50 MHz). The pulse generators “space” (interleave) the signals in time as well as pulse modulate the signals.
Page 107: Setting The Center Frequency, Span, And Reference Level
lttble 4-3. Signal Generator Test Setup Settings Setting Signal Signal Generator 1 Generator 2 50 MHz Frequency 50 MHz Amplitude -1 dBm -10 dBm Pulse Modulation 1. Set the center frequency of the spectrum analyzer to the frequency of the modulated signal.
Page 108: Setting The Gate Delay And Gate Length Using An Oscilloscope
3. Turn the gate on by pressing [SWEEP], GATE ON OFF (so that ON is underlined). Using an oscilloscope makes it easier to ensure that the gate occurs during the pulsed RF signal. With GATE OUTPUT connected to the oscilloscope, you can adjust the gate length and gate delay so that the gate occurs near the end of the pulse (see Figure 4-24).
Page 109: Using Time-Gating To View Signal
7. Set the video bandwidth to a value that is greater than 1 divided by the gate length. For this example, the video bandwidth must be greater than l/13 ~LS, or 80 kHz. Press Isw), VID BW AUTO MAN, 100 (kHz. The spectrum analyzer displays only signal 1, not Both signal 1 and signal 2 (see Figure 4-25).
Page 110: Placing The Gate Output During The Second Signal
V/d, 4 offset ‘/ 1 Cj i) 0 1 B no V/d, L ‘; f f srj t 7’;L 6 rn‘/ 1 . 0 0 0 1 d s- mVjd,v o f f s e t ‘J 000.1 V/d1 d offset ‘4 1 .
Page 111: Viewing Both Signals With Time-Gating
Figure 4-27 shows the first pulsed RF signal (contained in trace A), and the second pulsed RF signal (contained in trace B). & REF .G dBm fITTEN iG dB GTpos ..................“I ,".
Page 112: Setting The Gate Delay And Gate Length Properly, When Not Using The Gate Utility
Setting the Gate Delay and Gate Length Properly, When NOT Using the Gate Utility If the gate delay and gate length are not set properly, you may not be viewing an accurate representation of a signal. For example, If the gate does not occur during the RF pulsed signal, the amplitude of the signal displayed on the spectrum analyzer is lower than the actual signal (see Figure 4-28).
Page 113 Note Refer to the guidelines in Table 4-l when measuring a signal with signal delay. To use Table 4-4 and Table 4-5: Determine the pulse width of the signal you want to measure, then use Table 4-4 to determine the gate delay, resolution bandwidth, gate length, and video bandwidth spectrum analyzer settings.
Page 114: Using The Self-Calibration Routines With Option 105
Table 4-5. Sweep Time Settings Pulse Repetition Pulse Repetition Sweep Time (minimum) Interval (PRI) Frequency (PRF) 550 ps 220 kHz 21 ms 100 ps 10 kHz 41 ms 500 ps 2 kHz 201 ms 1 ms 1 kHz 401 ms 5 ms 200 Hz 2.01 s...
Page 115: Performing A Functional Check Of Option 105
TUNING 386866688 Sweepsens <10M 0.0EElGS303 ZERO Sweepsens Wide 0.080002030 211996616 FAST 56503057 Main Coil Sens 0.098835200 1114621728 Co11sens 0.958118558 SLOW 22348669 Wide 01s~ 2.590917587 PkOfst Wdsc sweeprenr 0.000502140 TCXO EYO A slope 5E-10 Last Cal Freq 18:18:33 NAR 84, 1992 Last 18:26:17 1992...
Page 116: Gate On
(jj], [FREQUENCY], Press Hz, (SPAN), ZERO SPAN, [SWEEP), 200 Gate Control , GATE DELAY , GATE LENGTH , 60 GATE CTL EDGE LVL softkey should have EDGE underlined, and EDGE POL POS NEG should have POS underlined. 3. Press Previous Menu , GATE ON OFF (so that ON is underlined) (see Figure 4-32). Note This procedure offers a qualitative functional check only.
Page 117: Using The Level Gate Control
4. To check the gate control function, press Cm], Gate Control, GATE CTL EDGE LVL so that LVL (level) is underlined (see Figure 4-33). & REF .0 dBm ATTEN 10 dB GTpOS ,..: ..................,‘, ,’...
Page 118: Using The One Button Measurements To Measure N Db Bandwidth, Percent Amplitude Modulation, And Third Order Intercept (Toi)
Using the One Button Measurements to Measure N dB Bandwidth, Percent Amplitude Modulation, and Third Order Intercept (TOI) The spectrum analyzer includes one-button measurement functions. With one key press they make accurate measurements of: w N dB Bandwidth Percent Amplitude Modulation Third Order Intermodulation The signal or signals being measured must be displayed before activating the measurement.
Page 119: Percent Amplitude Modulation Measurement
Example: Measure the 6 dB bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer internal 9 kHz EM1 bandwidth. CM), [PEAK SEARCH), C-j, MK TRACK ON OFF 1. On the spectrum analyzer, press (ON), ISPAN), and enter 200 kHz. 2. Select the 9 kHz EM1 bandwidth by pressing Isw], EM1 BW Menu, and 9 kHz EM1 BW .
Page 120: Third Order Intermodulation Measurement (Toi)
5. Read the measurement results in the upper left corner of the screen, 6. Press % AM ON OFF (OFF) to turn the measurement off. Third Order Intermodulation Measurement (TOI) Use the TO1 one-button measurement to make quick and easy intermodulation measurements of microwave spectrum analyzers, mixers or converters.
Page 121: Third-Order Intermodulation Measurement
& MKR a 1 025 MHz AlTEN 4 0 dB - 5 4 04 dB PEAK W A 58 S C FS CORR C E N T E R 3 0 0 . 6 5 0 M H z S P A N 5 0 0 0 MHz SW 1 7 XRFS RW 3 kH7 “RW 3 kH7...
Page 122: Using The Power Measurement Functions To Make Transmitter Measurements
Using the Power Measurement Functions to make Transmitter Measurements The power menu provides several powerful transmitter measurement functions that are easy to use. The measurements include: Occupied Bandwidth Adjacent Channel Power Ratio Channel Power These transmitter power measurements can be used to measure analog and continuous carrier digital radios.
Page 123: Occupied Bandwidth
1. Connect a signal to the spectrum analyzer INPUT 50% 2. Press Cm) and enter the frequency of your input signal to place the signal at the spectrum-analyzer center frequency. 3. Press C-J and adjust the reference level to bring the signal near the top of the display.
Page 124: Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (Acp)
Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (ACP) The leakage of a transmitter into adjacent channels can be measured quickly and easily. Enter the channel spacing and channel bandwidth, and activate the adjacent channel power measurement. The spectrum analyzer computes and displays the ACP ratio of both the lower and upper adjacent channels, marking the higher of the two.
Page 125: Adjacent Channel Power
REF 20 0 OBrn AT 30 dB SINGLE SMPL MEni COllT MEAS CENTER FREO Iii i ’ iii i i i I ACPGRbPH UP, OFF WA 58 SC FS SFtlJO CDRR PreY10115 Men” CENTER 825 0300 MHZ SPAN 116 B KHZ WRES BW 1 0 kHZ X”BW 10 kHL SW 350 n,src...
Page 126: Adjacent Channel Power Graph
MKR a 90 0 kHL REF 1 SINGLE SMPL MLA> CONT SWEEP CENTER FREO ACPGRAPH a> “A SB “C FS GRPH MCR 01 O F F Prevlo’Js M-r,’ I I I U’ II _ ._ CENTER 825 0300 MHZ SPAN 215 9 L.HL #MS BW 1 0 kHL #“BW 10 ktiZ...
Page 127: Channel Power Measurement
Channel Power Measurement The channel power function measures the total power in the selected channel bandwidth. The signal can be noise, tones, or a combination of noise and tones. The channel power function measures the power using an rms method. Enter the channel bandwidth and activate the channel power measurement.
Page 128: Channel Power Graph
8. A graph of the channel power as a function of frequency can be calculated and displayed by pressing PWRGRAPH ON OFF so (ON) is underlined. The numerical channel power results are not displayed. The top graticule line represents the power as indicated by the reference level (REF) displayed value.
Page 129: Using Analyzer Features
Using Analyzer Features What You’ll Learn in this Chapter This chapter introduces the features of the HP 8590 Series spectrum analyzers. These features can be used to manipulate measurement data and to make measurements more easily. In this chapter you will: Use the marker table to list all the active markers.
Page 130 Use the Marker ‘I);tble to List All the Active Markers The marker table function can be used to display a list of all of the active markers. It is sometimes necessary to keep track of several points on a signal trace. Multiple markers are swept measurements.
Page 131 Example: Use the marker table to measure the calibrator signal. Connect the CAL OUT signal to the spectrum analyzer INPUT 5OQ. Press C-1, GHz. [FREQUENCY), STOP FREQ , 2 (PEAK SEARCH) Press and NEXT PK RIGHT to place the marker 1 on the 300 MHz cal signal. Press [MKRFCTN), MK TABLE ON OFF (ON) to turn on the marker table function.
Page 132: Peak 'Ihble Display
Use the Peak %ble to List the Displayed Signals The peak table function can be used to list the amplitude and frequency of up to 10 of the signals being displayed. This is done by pressing a single key, without having to put a marker on each signal.
Page 133 Example: Use the peak table function to measure the calibrator signal and its harmonics. 1. Connect the CAL OUT signal to the spectrum analyzer INPUT 500 and press [PRESET_). Press More 1 of 2 and PK TABLE ON OFF (ON) to turn on the peak table PEAK SEARCH display.
Page 134: Saving And Recalling Data From Analyzer Memory
Saving and Recalling Data from Analyzer Memory This section explains how to save and recall state, trace, limit line, and amplitude correction factor data to and from spectrum analyzer memory. You can use STATE + INTRNL to store up to eight states in analyzer memory, and Trace + Intrnl to store many traces, limit-line tables, and amplitude-correction factors.
Page 135: Tosaveatrace
To Save a Trace Saving trace data is very similar to saving state data. Saving trace data saves both the trace data and the state data. 1. Enter a screen title, if desired, by using (j-1 and Change Title . 2.
Page 136: To Save A Limit-Line Table Or Amplitude Correction Factors
To Save a Limit-Line ‘lhble or Amplitude Correction Factors The procedure for saving limit-line tables or amplitude correction factors is similar to saving trace data. State and trace data is not recalled with limit-line tables or amplitude-correction factors. 1. Enter a screen title, if desired, by using (DlspLAv_], Change Title . The screen title is displayed when CATALOG REGISTER is used to catalog the trace registers.
Page 137: Summary Of Save And Recall Operations, Analyzer Memory
‘able 5-l. Summary of Save and Recall Operations, Analyzer Memory Register Operation Screen Key Sequence Title Range Available? save state 1 to 8 m STATE -+ INTRNL (register number) 1 to 8* I-1 INTERNAL + STATE (register recall state number)t 0 to MAX REG # B Trace --+Intrnl (TRACE A , save trace TRACE B , or TRACE C ) (register number...
Page 138: Saving And Recalling Data From The Memory Card
Saving and Recalling Data from the Memory Card Note Option 003 is required when using an HP 8590L or HP 8592L. display The memory card provides additional memory for saving instrument states, traces images, limit-line tables, amplitude correction factors, and programs. Each HP 857’00A battery-backed RAM card provides 32 kilobytes of memory.
Page 139: Preparing The Memory Card For Use
Preparing the Memory Card for Use Note Improper insertion causes error messages to occur, but generally does not damage the card or instrument. Care must be taken, however, not to force the card into place. The cards are easy to insert when installed properly. 1.
Page 140: To Enter A Prefix
To format a new card, press [CONFIG), More 1 of 3 , Card Conf ig , FORMAT CARD . The message If you are sure, press key again to purge data appears on the spectrum analyzer screen. Press FORMAT CARD again. (FORMAT CARD requires a double key press.) To catalog a memory card, press Cm), More 1 of 3 , Card Conf ig , Catalog Card.
Page 141: To Recall A State
To Recall a State l. Press m or [RECALL]. If INTERNAL is underlined, press INTERNAL CARD to select CARD. 2. Press Catalog Card then CATALOG STATES . Use the knob to highlight the state data to be retrieved. 3. Press LOAD FILE. State data also be recalled by specifying the prefix and register number:...
Page 142: To Save A Display Image
3+ Press Card --f Trace to access the menu that displays TRACE A , TRACE B , and TRACE C . 4. Select the trace in which you want the trace data stored by pressing TRACE A , TRACE B , or TRACE C.
Page 143: To Save Limit-Line Tables Or Amplitude Correction Factors
To Save Limit-Line Yhbles or Amplitude Correction Factors The procedure for saving limit-line tables or amplitude correction factors is similar to saving trace data. State and trace data is not recalled when the limit-line tables or amplitude correction factors are recalled. 1.
Page 144: Saving And Recalling Programs With A Memory Card
Saving and Recalling Programs with a Memory Card Programs (also called downloadable programs or DLPs) can be loaded into spectrum analyzer memory either by loading a program from a memory card or by defining a function with programming commands. (Remote programming ability is available with Option 041 or 043). The process of saving and recalling programs from the memory card is similar to saving state ALL DLP -+ CARD.
Page 145: Save And Recall Functions Using Memory Card
Bible 5-3. Save and Recall Functions Using Memory Card File Name Register Key Sequence Screen Operation Title Range Available? ISAVE_) STATE CARD (register s(current prefix) Prefix + save state -(register #) #) (ENTER_) 8 characters Cm] CARD -+ STATE s(current prefix) Prefix + recall state -(register #) (register #) [ENTER]*...
Page 146: Using Limit-Line Functions
Using Limit-Line Functions Limit lines provide an easy way to compare trace data to a set of amplitude and frequency parameters while the spectrum analyzer is sweeping the measurement range. An upper and/or lower limit line can be displayed. Every measurement sweep of trace A is compared to the limit lines.
Page 147: Typical Limit-Line Display
Ml/R ‘1<,1 ““Hz R E F “” 91 Iii ‘“’ ~iy?y$j dB/ 1 W A V B V C F C C O R R S P A N 2 0 0 . 0 MHz C E N T E R 3 0 0 0 M H z #RES BW 3 MHz 20 m5eiI V B W 3 0 0 kHz...
Page 148 7. The table defaults to fixed parameters, the upper right corner of the table should be labeled FIXED. If it is labeled RELATIVE, press More 1 of 2 . Then press LIMITS FIX REL so that FIX is underlined. LIMITS FIX REL specifies whether or not the limit line is relative to the spectrum analyzer center frequency and reference-level settings.
Page 149 ATTEN ATTEN P E A K P E A K LCJG LCJG M H z S A V B S A V B VC F C VC F C COPR COPR C E N T E R 3 0 0 0 M H z C E N T E R 3 0 0 M H z...
Page 150: Limit-Line Functions
Limit-Line Functions This section describes the limit-line functions in the order that they are usually used. Editing, Creating, or Viewing a Limit-Line Pressing (j-1, then Limit Lines accesses the softkey menus used for creating a limit line. Press Edit Limit to edit an existing limit-line table or. If no limit-line table currently exists this will allow you to create one.
Page 151: Selecting The Limit-Line Tpdble Format
Selecting the Limit-Line ‘lhble Format Press Edit Upper, Edit Lower, Edit Up/Low, or Edit Mid/Delt to editor createa limit-line table. Each of the edit softkeys represents a different type of limit-line table format. The choice of edit softkey depends upon whether you want an upper limit line only, a lower limit line only, or both an upper and a lower limit line.
Page 152: Limit-Line Segments
segment. Limit lines are constructed from left to right. The segment is defined by its beginning point (see Figure 5-6). Note Up to 20 segments can be specified for an upper or lower limit-line table. When entering a limit-line segment, the frequency/time and amplitude values will be listed as asterisks (***) until new values are entered.
Page 153: Selecting The Frequency Or Time Coordinate
Selecting the kequency or Time Coordinate Press SELECT FREQ , then enter a frequency value, or press SELECT TIME and enter a time value, for the segment. Regardless of the table format, a frequency/time coordinate must be specified. Note Limit line coordinates may be entered in terms of either frequency and amplitude, or time and amplitude.
Page 154: Selecting The Segment Type
Selecting the Segment Type Press SEGMENT TYPE , then FLAT, SLOPE, or POINT to specify the segment type. The segment type determines how to connect the coordinate point of the current line segment with the coordinate point of the next line segment. The segment type determines whether the line segment is horizontal, vertical, sloped, or a single point.
Page 155: Segment Types
F.‘EF P E A K L O G T Y P E 2 0 0 M H z F L A T S L O P E 3 0 0 0 3 0 0 3 5 0 0 P O I N T I - 1 0 d P m SA V B...
Page 156: Completing 'Ihble Entry And Activating Limit-Line Testing
Completing ‘Ihble Entry and Activating Limit-Line Testing Pressing EDIT DONE blanks the limit-line table from the screen and accesses the menu with LMT TEST ON OFF and LMT DISP Y N AUTO softkeys. Pressing LMT TEST UN OFF turns the limit-line testing on and off. Pressing LMT DISP Y N AUTO (Y) turns the limit lines display on.
Page 157: Procedure For Creating An Upper And Lower Limit Line
Procedure for Creating an Upper and Lower Limit Line This is a basic procedure for creating a sample of upper and lower limit lines. The CAL OUT signal is used for the test signal. 1. Press @KY]. 2. Since this procedure uses the calibration signal as the test signal, connect the spectrum analyzer CAL OUT to the INPUT 50 D with an appropriate cable.
Page 158: Upper And Lower Limit-Line Testing
gegmenl Frequency Lower Upper TYPC Amplitude Amplitude Number 290 MHz -60 dBm - 7 5 dBm Slope 295 MHz -15 dBm -75 dBm Slope 297 MHz -15 dBm -75 dBm Slope 300 MHz - 15 dBm -29 dBm Slope 303 MHz - 15 dBm -75 dBm Slope...
Page 159 To turn the limit-line testing on and off, use LMT TEST ON OFF . Use PURGE LIMITS to clear the limit-line tables. To remove the limit lines from the display, use LMT DISP Y N AUTO . Underlining Y displays the limit lines, N turns them off, and AUTO displays them if the testing is turned on or turns them off if testing is turned off.
Page 160: Learn About The Analog+ Display Mode (Option 101 Only)
Learn About the Analog+ Display Mode (Option 101 only) The analog+ display mode combines traditional analog display performance with digital display benefits. Analog+ display mode gives the spectrum analyzer the look and feel of older analog displays, such as the HP 8558B, but it has the added benefit of features common to digital displays.
Page 161: Learn About The Windows Display
Learn About the Windows Display The windows display feature is only available on the HP 85913, HP 85933, HP 85943, 85953, and HP 85963. Windows display mode splits the spectrum analyzer display into two frequency or time displays. When windows is first turned on, the top window will contain an inactive copy of the previous display.
Page 162 5. Press ZONE PK RIGHT and ZONE PK LEFT and observe the movement of the zone and the changes in the lower window. 6. Press WINDOWS ~ZOOM]. Now a full-sized display of the lower window will be displayed. Notice the increase in the displayed annotation. 7.
Page 163: Learn How To Enter Amplitude Correction Factors
Learn How to Enter Amplitude Correction Factors This section provides an overview of amplitude correction, a procedure for creating amplitude-correction data, and descriptions of the amplitude-correction functions. Refer to “Key Descriptions” in Chapter 7 for more information on a specific amplitude-correction function.
Page 164: Procedure For Creating Amplitude-Correction Factors
Procedure for Creating Amplitude-Correction Factors This procedure demonstrates how to create and activate amplitude-correction data. Detailed descriptions of the amplitude-correction functions follow this procedure. 1. Press (-1. Note A signal is not used in this procedure for demonstrating how to create amplitude-correction data.
Page 165 ATTEI‘I I P E F .O dBm P E A K L O G 00MHz 1 2 0 2 5 0 0 M H z 1 0 0 3 0 0 . 0 MHz 3 5 0 0 MHz WA VB S C F C C E N T E R 3 0 0 0 M H z S P A N...
Page 166: Amplitude-Correction Functions
Amplitude-Correction Functions This section describes the amplitude-correction functions in the order they are usually used. Editing or Viewing the Amplitude-Correction ‘lhbles Pressing COAL), More 1 of 4 , More 2 of 4, More 3 of 4, Amp Cor accesses the softkey menus for creating an amplitude-correction table.
Page 167: Selecting The Frequency Coordinate
Selecting the kequency Coordinate Press SELECT FREQ , then enter a frequency value for the point. Note Only two entries per frequency are used. If more points with the same frequency are entered, only the first and last entries are used. All other amplitude values are ignored.
Page 168: External Keyboard
Detailed information on using the external keyboard can be found in the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analpzzr and HP 8591 C Cable TV Analyzer Guide.
Page 169 ‘Ihble 5-8. External Keyboard Functions (continued) The external keyboard operation with the spectrum analyzer is similar to its operation with a computer except for the following: SCROLL LOCK and NUM LOCK are fixed and cannot be changed. Pressing (NUM] displays the keyboard mode on the spectrum analyzer screen.
Page 170: Using The External Keyboard
However, a brief procedure on installing your external keyboard is described first. More detailed information on using the external keyboard is found in the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591 C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s Guide.
Page 171: To Enter Programming Commands
To Enter Programming Commands Refer to the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s hide for more information. 1. Press cF8_1 on the external keyboard to enter the mode for executing remote commands.
Page 172: Printing And Plotting
Printing and Plotting You may obtain a permanent record of data displayed on the spectrum analyzer screen by using the (copy) key of the spectrum analyzer, and a printer or plotter. This chapter describes how to print or plot the results displayed on your spectrum analyzer screen.
Page 173: Three Printouts Per Page
PRINTER..Per Page pu121 el Figure 6-l. Three Printouts Per Page Selecting any Hewlett-Packard printer results in three printouts per page before form feeding the page. One printout per page can be accomplished by manually form feeding each printout. PRINTER SETUP ~FORM FEED] This is done by pressing either the hard key on the printer or the...
Page 174 PLOTS... REF 0 dB” ATTEN ID 63 P:Ac Per Page 1”. ‘li LT-:!, -I., .L I ,,L” iP&, I 605 Xl E” xn w. “~_ LS< J 48, ““l <J “SIC ‘ 6 6 0 :en ;n-(m, o e r p a g e perpage ‘lJdijIi,iii~ ‘/rl-j&#$#$...
Page 175: Printing Using An Hp-Ib Interface
Printing Using an HP-IB Interface Equipment w HP 8590 Series spectrum analyzer equipped with Option 041. HP 10833A (or equivalent) HP-IB cable. w Printer with HP-IB Interface, choose one of the following: HP 2225A ThinkJet HP 3630A PaintJet HP 500 Series* DeskJet (with HP-IB to Centronics converter) t HP 310* Portable DeskJet (with HP-IB to Centronics converter) 1 HP LaserJet (with HP-IB to Centronics converter) t MX-80 Epson (with HP-IB to Centronics converter) t...
Page 176: Hp-Ib To Centronics Converter Setup
If using the HP-IB to centronics converter, connect it and set the switches as shown in Figure 6-4. The HP-IB to centronics converter must be powered up after the switches are set. SPEr,TRIJM P R I N T E R C O N V E R T E R AIIAImYZER &...
Page 177 Press this key to send a PRINTER RESET command to the printer. PRINTER SETUP This will cause a form feed if any data has been sent to the printer since the last form feed. S e t C o l r P r i n t e r Press if connected to a Hewlett-Packard compatible color printer, then select the appropriate printer.
Page 178: Plotting Using An Hp-Ib Interface
Plotting Using an HP-IB Interface Equipment w HP 8590 Series spectrum analyzer with Option 041. w HP 10833A (or equivalent) HP-IB cable. Any of the following plotters: HP 7440A ColorPro plotter with HP-IB HP 7475A plotter with HP-IB HP 7550A/B plotter with HP-IB Interconnection and Plotting Instructions More than one instrument can communicate on the same HP-IB.
Page 179: Plot Configure Menu
Figure 6-7. Plot Configure Menu 4. Turn on the spectrum analyzer and the plotter. 5. The plotter usually resides at device address 5. To configure the plotter address to 5 on the spectrum analyzer, press: @Giq Press this key to access the configuration menu. Press this key to access the plotter menu.
Page 180 For a multi-pen plotter, the pens of the plotter draw the different components of the screen as follows: Description Number Draws the annotation and graticule. Draws trace A. Draws trace B. Draws trace C and the display line. Draws user-generated graphics and the lower-limit line. Draws the upper-limit line.
Page 181: Printing Or Plotting With
Printing or Plotting with RS-232 Printing Using an RS-232 Interface This section describes how to print using an RS-232 interface. It is critical that the printer and spectrum analyzer be configured to be compatible with each other. Particular attention should be paid to: g-Bits Character Size...
Page 182: Baud Settings For Serial Printers
:m,m 12345 ‘m QUIETJET, OUIET.JEI PLIJS P A I IIT J E T TH I NV,JET D E S K J E T , 500/550 S E R I E S Figure 6-8. 9600 Baud Settings for Serial Printers To set the spectrum analyzer baud rate to 9600, press: g?iFiq P r i n t Config P m P o r t Config...
Page 183: Printer Configure Menu
Figure 6-9. Printer Configure Menu 3. Referring to Figure 6-9 select the printer configuration for your spectrum analyzer by pressing the appropriate keys: @xFiq Press this key to access the configuration menu. P r i n t Config Press this key to access the printer configuration menu. Press this key to send a PRINTER RESET command to the printer.
Page 184 Press this key if the spectrum analyzer is connected to an LQ-570 EP LQ570 SML LRG Epson or other compatible 24-pin print-head printer. Pressing this key to underline SML will allow two printouts per page and will print softkey labels if desired (see PRT MENU ON OFF ). This function is operational for Epson compatible printers only when SML is underlined.
Page 185: Plotting Using An Rs-232 Interface
Plotting Using an RS-232 Interface This section describes how to plot using an RS-232 interface. It is critical that the plotter and the spectrum analyzer be configured to be compatible with each other. Particular attention should be paid to: Character Size &Bits Parity Baud Rate...
Page 186: Connecting The Hp 7550A/B Plotter
gender If you are connecting an HP 7550A/B plotter you will need to use the 92224F (f-f) changer as shown in Figure 6-10. COMPUTER/MODEM Figure 6-10. Connecting the HP 7550A/B Plotter 3. Turn on the spectrum analyzer and the plotter. 4.
Page 187: Plot Configure Menu
baud rate on your plotter. Depending on the model, it may need to be OFF to set 5. Set the baud rate. Refer to your plotter’s documentation. If you have an HP 7550A/B plotter, you need to configure it as follows: STANDARD SERIAL (not ENHANCED) MODE DATA FLOW...
Page 188: Printing After Plotting Or Plotting After Printing
For a multi-pen plotter, the pens of the plotter draw the different components of the screen as follows: Description Draws the annotation and graticule. Draws trace A. Draws trace B. Draws trace C and the display line. Draws user-generated graphics and the lower-limit line. Draws the upper-limit line.
Page 189: Printing With A Parallel Interface
Printing With a Parallel Interface This section describes how to print using a parallel interface. Equipment w HP 8590 Series spectrum analyzer equipped with Options 041 or 043 (parallel interface), w HP C2950A parallel printer cable. Printer with parallel interface, choose one of the following: HP 2225C ThinkJet HP 310* Portable DeskJet HP 3630A PaintJet...
Page 190: Printer Configuration Menu Map
S e t B & W P r i n t e r PAINTJET PRIIJTER C O P Y D E V P R N T P L T H P B & W Pk IIdTER DESYJET 310/55OC Set Colr Printer Plot Conf 14 H P B &...
Page 191 Press this key if the spectrum analyzer is connected to a MX-80 EP MX80 SML LRG Epson or other compatible g-pin print-head printer. Pressing this key to underline SML will allow two printouts per page and will print softkey labels if desired (see PRT MENU ON OFF ). Pressing this key to underline LRG will allow only one printout per page and will not print the softkey labels.
Page 192: Plotting To An Hp Laserjet Printer
Plotting to an HP LaserJet Printer This section describes how to plot to a LaserJet printer using either an RS-232 or parallel interface. Equipment HP 8590 Series spectrum analyzer with RS-232 or parallel interface One of the following cables: HP 24542G 9-25 pin RS-232 cable HP C2932A 9-25 Pin RS-232 Cable (For use with LaserJet 4P and 4Plus) HP C2950A parallel printer cable Any of the following HP LaserJets:...
Page 193: Plot Configure Menu
PLTS/Pc, 1 2 4 COf’Y U E V P R N T PLT Figure 6-15. Plot Configure Menu 4. Referring to Figure 6-15 select the plotter configuration for your spectrum analyzer by pressing the appropriate keys: 5. Configure your analyzer to plot to the LaserJet by pressing: pmiq Press this key to bring up the configuration menu.
Page 194: Key Descriptions
Key Descriptions This chapter describes functions and controls of the spectrum analyzer. The front-panel keys and softkey functions are listed alphabetically followed by a complete and detailed description. Brief descriptions for service functions have also been included in this chapter. However, for more detailed descriptions and information about the use of each function, refer to the respective service guide for your instrument.
Page 195: Service Functions
Service Functions Two types of functions are available for service use only: w Service calibration functions. Service diagnostic functions. descriptions for each These service functions are designed for service use only. However, brief function are provided in this chapter. For more detailed descriptions and information about the use of each function, refer to the Service Guide for your instrument.
Page 196 (Option 102 or 103 only) FM OFFST FM SPAN FREQ DIAG FRQ DISC NORM OFF GND REF DETECTOR MAIN COIL DR MAIN SPAN (HP 8592L, HP 85933, HP 85953, or HP 85963 only) MIXER BIAS DAC (HP 8592L, HP 85933, HP 85953, or HP 85963 only) PRESEL DAC (Option 103 only) QP DET ON OFF...
Page 197: Analyzer Functions
Analyzer Functions % AM determines the percent of amplitude modulation of the largest displayed signal and its two sidebands. The sidebands are assumed to be entirely from ON OFF amplitude modulation. If there are differences in the sideband amplitude, the larger value is used.
Page 198 HP 8592L and HP 8593E only. 1 9 . 1 - 2 2 locks onto harmonic band 4. Harmonic band 4 is preselected and has a BAND 4 specified tuning range of 19.1 to 22 GHz. [FREQUENCY) Front-Panel Key Access: 9 kHz allows a 6 dB resolution bandwidth of 9 kHz.
Page 199 Option only. ACCEPT displays the quasi-peak amplitude value of the marker. See the HP 85913, QP DATA HP 8593E, HP 85943, HP 85953, or HP 8596E Option 103 supplement documentation for more information. Front-Panel Key Access: [AUXCTRL) turns the adjacent channel power graph ON or OFF. With ACPGRAPH ON ACPGRAPH the ACP ratio graph is calculated and displayed and the numeric results are ON OFF...
Page 200 measures the power leakage into the adjacent channels and calculates the ADJ CHAN adjacent channel power ratio of both the upper and lower channels, with PWR extd respect to the reference channel. ADJ CHAN POWER extd has an extended dynamic range compared with ADJ CHAN POWER. The extended range is measured by taking two different sweeps with different reference levels combining the trace data.
Page 201 HP 8590L or HP 8591 E with Option 010 or 011 only. TEST breaks the leveling loop of the automatic leveling control in the tracking generator. This is a service diagnostic function and is for service use only. Refer to the service guide for more information. Front-Panel Key Access: ICAL) Requires Option 003 for an HP 859OL, HP 8592L, or HP 8594L.
Page 202: Commands Not Available With Analog+ Operation
HP 8591E, HP 8593E, HP 8594E, HP 8595E, or HP 8596E Fbr the only. ANALOG+ Requires Q&ion 101 or 301. ON OFF turns on the analog+ display mode. This is a digital implementation of an analog display, combining the advantages of both types of displays. The display is made up of 401 horizontal points or trace elements.
Page 203 Refer to the HOLD softkey description regarding softkey annotation. Front-Panel Key Access: (j-1 Fbr 0ptions U41 and 043 only. to Chapter 4 the HP 8590 E-Series and Refer APND L-Series Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591 C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s CAT ITEM Guide for wuwe information.
Page 204 [AUTO COUPLE] accesses the softkey menu of functions that can be coupled. (Coupled functions are functions that are linked: if one function is changed, the other function is changed.) The functions that can be auto-coupled are listed below: w Resolution bandwidth couples to span. Video bandwidth couples to resolution bandwidth when the spectrum analyzer has a video-bandwidth to resolution-bandwidth ratio of 0.3.
Page 205: Center Frequency And Span Settings For Harmonic Bands
HP 8592L, HP 8593E, HP 85954 and HP 8596E only. Band Lock accesses the harmonic band menu and the band lock function. Selecting a harmonic band causes the spectrum analyzer to lock onto the specified harmonic band and automatically select the settings shown in Table 7-2. ‘able 7-2.
Page 206 Requires Option 003 HP 859OL, HP 8592L, or HP 8594L. BLANK for an BLANK CARD displays CARD deletes all the files from the memory card. Pressing the message: If you are sure, press key again to purge data. Press BLANK CARD again if you want to delete all files from the memory card.
Page 207 initiates a frequency self-calibration routine. Connect CAL OUT to the FREQ spectrum analyzer input before pressing CAL FREQ . If Option 105 is installed, remove the cable from the rear panel GATE INPUT before starting the self-calibration routine. Front-Panel Key Access: m initiates both the frequency and amplitude self-calibration routines.
Page 208 Requires Option 003 for an HP 85901, HP 8592L, or HP 8594L. CARD -+ recalls into spectrum analyzer memory a display image saved on the memory DISPLAY card. It does not recall the associated instrument state, but the restored display can be viewed and copied. Before recalling a display that was saved under a prefix other than the current prefix, change the current prefix to the prefix used when the display was saved.
Page 209 saved under a prefix other than the current prefix, change the current prefix to the prefix used when the data was saved. If windows are being used, only the trace of the active window can be recalled. Pressing LOAD FILE is an alternate way to load trace data (but not recommended for recalling limit-line files or amplitude correction factor files) from the memory card into spectrum analyzer memory.
Page 210: L. Memory Card Catalog Information
ATTEN P E A K HP859X 1 L O G LW-8 STATE 2 3 M A R l9E9 t-40 TRACE 1 5 - 5 6 - 4 5 2 7 M A R 1389 s AAAAA-21 S T A T E 21:39 2 8 M A R 19R9 .s-22...
Page 211: Analyzer Memory Catalog Information
Requires Option 003 for an HP 859OL, HP 8592L, or HP 8594L. CATALOG catalogs all of the display images that are on the memory card. A display DISPLAY image can be recalled to the spectrum analyzer by using the CARD+DISPLAY softkey.
Page 212: Analyzer Memory Catalog Information *
‘Ihble 7-4. Analyzer Memory Catalog Information* Callout Number Description of Items in Figure 7-2 Name of the catalog source. (Internal) Bytes of spectrum analyzer memory used. (5082) Total bytes of spectrum analyzer memory available. (65534) Bytes used by item. (52) Name of item.
Page 213: Catalog On Event Display
The on event programming commands can be set remotely; see the HP8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s Guide for more information about setting the commands. When the on event programming commands have not been set, or when an CATALOG ON EVENT instrument preset has been performed, pressing displays...
Page 214 displays the status of state and trace registers in spectrum analyzer memory. CATALOG States 1 through 8 are displayed with the center frequency (denoted by CF) REGISTER and span (denoted by SP). The status of trace registers 0 to the maximum number of traces is displayed also.
Page 215 A prefix can be cleared with the clear function. Press (CONFIG] or (-1, Change Prefix , YZ-# Spc Clear, Clear to clear the current prefix. The current prefix is blanked by pressing DEFAULT CONFIG . Front-Panel Key Access: C-1, I-j, (ml, or ISAVE) allows you to write a 53-character screen title across the top of the screen.
Page 216 measures the power and power spectral density in the channel bandwidth CHANNEL specified by the user. Two vertical lines on the display indicate the edges POWER of the channel bandwidth. The measurement can be made on a single sweep or to continuously update at the end of each sweep. The center frequency, reference level, and channel bandwidth must be set by the user.
Page 217 erases any data previously stored in trace A and continuously displays any CLEAR signals during the sweep of the spectrum analyzer. This function is activated at WRITE A power on and by pressing @ZZ7J. Changing the trace mode of trace C to clear write or minimum hold can change the trace mode of trace A.
Page 218 erases any data previously stored in trace B and continuously displays any CLEAR signals detected during the sweep of the spectrum analyzer. This function is WRITE B activated at power on and by pressing (PRESET_). Changing the trace mode of trace C to clear write or minimum hold can change the trace mode of trace B.
Page 219 CLEAR erases any data previously stored in trace C and continuously displays any signals detected during the sweep of the spectrum analyzer. This function is WRITE C activated at power on and by pressing (jj]. Changing the trace mode of trace C to clear write or minimum hold can change the trace mode of trace A and trace B.
Page 220 displays the analog output of the YTO coarse-tune DAC located on the A7 COARSE Analog Interface assembly. This is a service diagnostic function and is for TUNE DAC service use only. Front-Panel Key Access: ICAL) HP 859ZL, HP 8593E, and HP 8596E only. COMB GEN turns the internal comb generator on or off.
Page 221 Refer to Chapter 6 of this manual or the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s Guide for detailed information about printing and plotting.
Page 222: Plots Per Page
With PLTS/PG 1 2 4 , you can choose a full-page, half-page, or quarter-page plot. Press PLTS/PG 1 2 4 to underline the number of plots per page desired. If two or four plots per page are chosen, a softkey function is displayed that allows you to select the location of the plotter output on the paper.
Page 223 1. Spectrum analyzers with an RS-232 interface must have the baud rate set to match the baud rate of the printer or plotter being used. The HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s Guide that comes with the optional interfaces details the different interfaces.
Page 224 Option 105 only. recommended. CPL VBW Option automatically selects the optimum video bandwidth if the gate length has been ON OFF entered. If the gate length has not been determined, the video bandwidth will not be coupled to the gate length and an error message will occur. If a gate length is entered manually, the coupling will be turned off.
Page 225: Default Configuration Values
‘Ihble 7-6. Default Configuration Values Front-Panel Key Access: @XX) restores the factory default values of the horizontal and vertical DEFAULT synchronization constants for the rear panel MONITOR output. SYNC CRT SYNC DEFAULT can be used to exit from the NTSC or PAL modes to return to the normal monitor output and use the default synchronization constants.
Page 226 function allows you to delete an item from spectrum analyzer memory or a DELETE file from the memory card. Use the step keys to view different sections of FILE the directory and use the knob to select the file or item to delete. Pressing DELETE FILE causes a message to appear on the spectrum analyzer screen: you are sure, press key again to purge data.
Page 227 DESKJET selects the HP DeskJet 310 or 55OC for color printing. Use this function if you have one of these color printers. This softkey can be accessed by pressing 310/55oc S e t C o l r (-1, t h e n P r i n t e r .
Page 228 Option 003 the HP 85901, HP 8592L, and HP 8594L. Requires DISPLAY saves the current spectrum analyzer display image on the memory card for -+ CARD viewing or copying later. It does not save the spectrum analyzer state or trace, so it cannot be used to restore an instrument to the conditions at the time the image was saved.
Page 229 SELECT POINT, SELECT FREq , SELECT AMPLITUD , DELETE POINT, Edit Done, and PURGE AMP COR softkeys. Front-Panel Key Access: ICAL) fir options 021, 023, and 024 only. Refer to the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series EDIT Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591 C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s Guide for CAT ITEM more information.
Page 230 021, 023, and 024 only. Refer to the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series EDIT Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591 C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s Guide for LAST more information. starts the DLP editor function and allows the most recent item that was being edited, in the DLP editor buffer, to be accessed again.
Page 231 UPR LWR Front-Panel Key Access: (j-1 For options 041 and 043 only. Refer to the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series E d i t o r Analyzer and HP 8591C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s Guide for Spectrum ryu)re information.
Page 232 105 only. Option 101 is recommended. ENTER Option accesses the menu for entering the value of the pulse repetition interval (PRI). A delta marker can be activated by pressing MARKER ON . The other menu functions can be used to manipulate the marker to indicate the pulse repetition interval value.
Page 233 allows you to purge all user state registers, all user trace registers, all mode ERASE registers, the editor buffer, Group delay normalization, all DLP memory, and MEM ALL all microprocessor stack data. The stack pointer is set to its power-up value. No system globals are erased and the calibration data is preserved.
Page 234 allows you to purge all the user trace registers 0 through TRCMEM. Pressing ERASE Dispose User Mem and then pressing ERASE TRACEALL causes a message to TRACEALL appear on the spectrum analyzer screen: If you are sure, Press key again to purge data.
Page 235 EXIT OPTIONS . removes the screen annotation left after pressing SHOW SHOW Front-Panel Key Access: (j-1 Option 105 only. Option 101 is recommended. EXIT UTILITY exits the gate utility returning to the gate control menu. The spectrum analyzer is returned to normal operation. The state of the spectrum analyzer becomes the state of the window that was active when exiting the gate utility.
Page 236: Compatibility Of Fft With Other Functions
accesses the menu of keys to initiate and evaluate a Fourier transform of the spectrum analyzer displayed data. Activating other spectrum analyzer Menu functions will automatically exit the FFT function or will corrupt the display (see Table 7-7). ‘Ihble 7-7. Compatibility of FFT With Other Functions Function Compatibility Info Catalog functions...
Page 237 displays the output of the FM coil driver produced on the A7 Analog Interface FM COIL assembly. This is a service diagnostic function and is for service use only. DRIVE Front-Panel Key Access: (CAL] 0ption 102 or 103 only. adjusts the FM deviation display. The center graticule represents zero GAIN deviation.
Page 238 FREQ allows the user to input a frequency offset value that is added to the OFFSET frequency readout, to account for frequency conversions external to the spectrum analyzer. Offset entries are added to all frequency readouts including marker, start frequency, and stop frequency. Entering an offset does not affect the trace.
Page 239 graphics unless the utility is entered with the new settings. Front-Panel Key Access: f,sWEEP) Option 105 only. Option 101 is recommended. GATE CTL determines if the gate is enabled on the edge of the trigger input or on a EDGE LVL threshold level of the input signal.
Page 240: Commands Altered/Not Available Within The Gate Utility
Option 105 only. @Zion 101 is recommended. GATE accesses the softkey functions used for Option 105, the time-gated spectrum UTILITY analyzer capability. It creates related time domain and frequency domain windows to set up the time gate and make measurements. The center frequency and reference level must be set correctly before entering the gate utility.
Page 241 turns the graph marker ON or OFF. This softkey is available when ACPGRAPH GRPH MKR is ON (for ACP or ACP extended measurements), or when PWRGRAPH is ON ON OFF (for channel power measurements). For the ACPGRAPH, the delta frequency, ACP ratio, and channel power are displayed at the marker position.
Page 242 INPUT Z adjusts the voltage readout by 1.76 dB to correct for the difference between voltage and power measurements in a 750 system versus a 500 system. The 500 75n impedance you select is for computational purposes only, since the actual impedance of 5OQ (7562 for Option 001) is set by internal hardware.
Page 243: To Recall Limit-Line Tables Or Amplitude Correction Factors
LIMIT When accessed by ISAVE), pressing LIMIT LINES stores the current limit-line LINES tables in spectrum analyzer memory or on the memory card. When accessed by (m), pressing LIMIT LINES recalls limit-line tables from spectrum analyzer memory or the memory card. See “To Save a Limit-Line Table or Amplitude Correction Factors”...
Page 244 activates the trigger condition that allows the next sweep to be synchronized LINE with the next cycle of the line voltage. Front-Panel Key Access: m displays any portion of the limit lines that are currently within the spectrum LMT DISP analyzer display boundary.
Page 245 Uption 10.5 only. 0ption 101 is recommended. Main returns to the main gate utility menu from within the gate utility. Pressing Menu Menu Define Time, Define Gate, Define Coupling, Main accessesthe UPDATE TIMEFREQ , and EXIT UTILITY softkeys. Front-Panel Key Access: Cm] MAIN displays the main-coil-span signal, MC-SPAN, from the span dividers on the SPAN...
Page 246 sets the start and stop frequencies to the values of the delta markers. The start MARKER and stop frequencies will not be set if the delta marker is off. A-SPAN Front-Panel Key Access: [YZGY] MARKER- functions exactly like the CONTINUS FFT softkey, if the spectrum analyzer is AUTO FFT already in zero span.
Page 247 changes the stop frequency so that it is equal to the frequency of the MARKER active marker. This moves the active marker to the right edge of the display. --STOP Front-Panel Key Access: ljMKR--t] turns off all of the markers, including markers used for marker track and MARKER demodulation (demodulation is only available with Option 102 or 103).
Page 248 each maintains the maximum level for each trace point of trace A. Updates HOLD A trace point if a new maximum level is detected in successive sweeps. Front-Panel Key Access: (ml maintains the maximum level for each trace point of trace B. Updates each trace point if a new maximum level is detected in successive sweeps.
Page 249 All E-Series and L-Series spectrum analyzers except HP 85901; with MK COUNT Q&ion 713. ON OFF turns on the marker counter when ON is underlined. If no marker is active before MK COUNT ON OFF is pressed, a marker is activated at center screen. Press MK COUNT ON OFF (so that OFF is underlined), to turn the marker counter off.
Page 250 MK TRACK moves the signal that is nearest to the active marker to the center of the MKR-TRK CNTR-TRK screen and keeps the signal there. appears in the ON OFF upper-right corner of the display. An (*) may appear in the upper-right corner of the display while the spectrum analyzer is verifying that it has the correct signal.
Page 251 The amplitude scale may be either linear or logarithmic. Front-Panel Key Access: (j-1 Ml and 043 only. Refer to the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Options Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s Guide for EDIT more information.
Page 252 is displayed if key number 1 has not been defined by the user. Key number I No User Menu can be defined by remote programming commands (KEYCMD or KEYDEF). [MEAS/USER] Front-Panel Key Access: subtracts trace B from trace A and adds the result to the display line. The NORMLIZE result is displayed in trace A.
Page 253 integrates the power of the displayed spectrum and puts markers at the OCCUPIED frequencies containing a selected percent of the power. The measurement BANDWDTH defaults to 99% of the occupied bandwidth power. The power-bandwidth routine first computes the combined power of all signal responses contained in the trace.
Page 254: Functions Which Exit The Windows Display Format
m and [RECALL) do not save the windows display mode. If the windows display mode is being used, the save state function saves the state of the currently active window. The recall state function recalls the stored state into the currently active window. See the DISPLAY --+ CARD and CARD ADISPLAY softkeys for information about saving the display.
Page 255 PARAM lets the user choose between automatically or manually setting the parameters Power Menu AUTO MAN used for the measurement functions under the softkey. Parameters such as span, resolution bandwidth, video bandwidth, center frequency step size, detector mode, and sweep time are coupled so that they are automatically updated.
Page 256 PEAK finds the highest displayed signal and narrows the span to a value selected PEAK ZOOM by the user. Pressing ZOOM the first time will make FINAL SPAN the active function so the user can input the destination span. The current FINAL SPAN value will be displayed.
Page 257 Option 041 or 043 only. PLT _ _ selects the position of the plotter output. The highlighted portion of the LOC - - softkey label indicates where the plot is to be output on the page. This softkey function appears only if two or four plots per page are selected when PLTS/PG 1 2 4 is pressed.
Page 258 accesses functions which make transmitter power measurements. The Power measurements are designed for analog radio or continuous carrier digital radio Menu signals. If another front-panel key is pressed, exiting the power menus, press the (v) key twice to return to the last power menu that was being used. CMEAS/USER) Front-Panel Key Access: determines the state of the spectrum analyzer when the spectrum analyzer is...
Page 259: Model Specific Preset Conditions
Pressing PRESET SPECTRUM disposes of ONEOS, ONSWP, and TRMATH. These are remote programming commands; see the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591 C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s Guide for more information.
Page 260: Common Preset Conditions
‘Ihble 7-11. Common Preset Conditions A - B - A Amplitude correction factors Amplitude units default values Annotation and graticule display Attenuation 10 dB (auto-coupled) Center frequency Refer to Table 7-10. CF step size 10% of span Coupled functions all set to AUTO Coupling * Mass storage device (card or internal) INTERNAL...
Page 261: Preset Spectrum Conditions For All Models
‘Ihble 7-12. Preset Spectrum Conditions for All Models A - B - A Analog+ display mode Annotation and graticule Attenuation coupled Center frequency Refer to Table 7-10. Center frequency step size 10% of span Coupled functions all set to AUTO Coupling * Detector positive peak...
Page 262 Option 041 or 043 only. Print Config accesses the softkey functions that are used to address the printer, select a black and white print or a color print, and reset the printer. See the @?Z?] key for more information. Front-Panel Key Access: @ZiZj 0ption 041 only.
Page 263 Option 041 or 043 only. PRT MENU ON OFF allows the softkey labels to be printed along with the spectrum analyzer display. This function operates when the (copy) key is used in a print configuration. The PRT MENU function is set to ON when DEFAULT CONFIG pressed.
Page 264 HP 85901, and HP 8591 E with Option 010 or 011. HP 85933, HP 85944 PWR SWP HP 85954 and HP 8596E with 0ption 010. ON OFF activates (ON) or deactivates (OFF) the power-sweep function, which sweeps the output power of the tracking generator over the selected power-sweep range.
Page 265 Option 103 only. qP x 1 0 ON OFF amplifies the video signal ten times (20 dB) in order to make an accurate measurement of a low quasi-peak signal. See the HP 85913, HP 85933 HP 85943, HP 85953, or HP 85963 Option 103 supplement documentaiion for more information.
Page 266 recalls an amplitude-correction factors table from the current mass-storage RECALL device (spectrum analyzer memory or memory card). To verify the current AMP COR mass storage device, press RECALL AMP COR . If MAX REG # appears on the spectrum analyzer display, the current mass storage device is spectrum analyzer memory.
Page 267 RES BW changes the spectrum analyzer 3 dB resolution bandwidth. As the resolution AUTO MAN bandwidth is decreased, the sweep time is increased to maintain amplitude calibration. Resolution bandwidth is also related to span. As span is decreased, RES BW the resolution bandwidth is decreased.
Page 268 Trace register values are restricted to a range between 0 and the number x indicated by MAX REG# = x. Front-Panel Key Access: ICALl 041 or 043 to the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Option only. Refer SAVE Analyzer and HP 8591 C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s Guide...
Page 269 saves the current limit-line tables in the current mass-storage device (spectrum SAVE analyzer memory or memory card). To verify the current mass-storage device, LIMIT press SAVE LIMIT. If MAX REG # appears on the spectrum analyzer display, the current mass-storage device is spectrum analyzer memory. If PREFIX= is displayed, the memory card is the mass-storage device.
Page 270 allows you to enter the frequency value for a limit-line segment or for an SELECT amplitude-correction point. Enter the frequency value for the frequency by FREQ using the data keys. Change the frequency value by using the step keys or the knob.
Page 271 allows you to enter the time value for a limit-line segment. The time value is SELECT with respect to the spectrum analyzer sweep time. time value of zero is the TIME start of the sweep, which is the left edge of the graticule. Enter the time value by using the data keys.
Page 272 allows you to set the date of the real-time clock. Enter the date in the (YY) YYMMDD format using the number keypad and press C-1. Valid year DATE values are 00 through 99. Valid month (MM) values are from 01 to 12, and valid day values are from 01 to 31.
Page 273 initializes the fast Fourier transform (FFT) function. If the spectrum analyzer SINGLE is in single sweep mode, an FFT is performed on trace A without taking a new sweep. If the spectrum analyzer is in continuous sweep, it is put in single sweep, a sweep is taken, and the FFT is performed.
Page 274 Option 102, 103, or 301 only. SQUELCH adjusts the squelch level. The squelch level mutes weak signals and passes strong signals. The squelch level affects the audio output only. If the internal speaker is on, audio signals are not output unless the signal strength exceeds the squelch threshold.
Page 275 the HP 859OL, HP 8592L, and HP 8594L. Requires Option STATE saves the current spectrum analyzer state on the memory card. To save -+ CARD the current state, press STATE -+ CARD, use the numeric keypad to enter a number, and press ENTER. If you want the file name of the stored data to contain a prefix, press Change Prefix to enter a prefix before storing the data.
Page 276 Option 105 only. Q&ion 101 is recommended. SWEEP delays the start of sweep with respect to the gate trigger edge in the time DELAY domain window of the gate utility. The time segment being displayed can be shifted up to 65 msec after the gate trigger edge in 1 psec increments. Front-Panel Key Access: cm] RAMP SWEEP...
Page 277 SYNC changes the rear panel MONITOR output between normal internal monitor horizontal and vertical synchronization constants or the NTSC video compatible NRM NTSC format. In the NTSC mode the monitor output is compatible with NTSC video cassette recorders. In the normal mode the synchronization constants can be changed from the factory default settings by using CRT HORZ POSITION and CRT VERT POSITION softkeys.
Page 278 switches the marker table between the normal marker formats and the delta TABLE display line format. The marker information can be displayed in absolute ADL NRM amplitude and frequency. It can also be displayed in delta amplitude and frequency using one marker as the reference. These are normal marker modes. Press the TABLE ADL NRM softkey to underline the ADL.
Page 279 TIMEDATE turns the display of the real-time clock on or off. Pressing DEFAULT CONFIG ON OFF sets TIMEDATE ON OFF to ON. Front-Panel Key Access: C-j finds the third-order intercept of the two highest amplitude signals and the two associated distortion products. The effect of unequal test signal amplitude is ON OFF compensated for.
Page 280 begins the process used to save trace data, limit-line tables, or amplitude- Trace + Card correction factors on the memory card. Pressing Trace + Card accesses a softkey menu that allows you to select the trace to be saved (trace A, trace B, or trace C) and accesses the LIMIT LINES and AMP COR softkeys.
Page 281 Trace accesses a softkey menu that allows you to select the item to be stored in spectrum analyzer memory: the trace to be saved (trace A, trace B, or trace -+ I n t r n l C), limit-line tables, or amplitude-correction factors. To save a trace, select the trace to be saved, enter the trace-register number and press [ENTER].
Page 282 accesses softkeys that let you select the sweep mode and trigger mode. (Also see “Screen Annotation” in Chapter 1.) Note With some delayed trigger functions (for example, external or TV triggering), the softkey menu is not updated until after the trigger has occurred. TRIG MKR 105 only.
Page 283 accesses a menu available for your use for user-defined programs and key User functions. Menus Front-Panel Key Access: (-3 changes the amplitude units to V for the current setting (log or linear). Front-Panel Key Access: (AMPLITUDE] selects the ratio between the video and resolution bandwidths. If signal VBW/RBW responses near the noise level are visually masked by the noise, the ratio can RATIO...
Page 284 activates the trigger condition that allows the next sweep to start if the VIDEO detected RF envelope voltage rises to a level set by the display line. When VIDEO is pressed, the display line appears on the screen. For example, connect the CAL OUT signal to the spectrum analyzer input, change the trigger mode to video, and lower the display line.
Page 285 HP 8592L, HP 85933, HP 85954 or HP 8596E only. YTF SPAN displays a trace of the voltage driving the YTF as it sweeps through the displayed span. This is a service diagnostic function and is for service use only, Refer to the service guide for more information.
Page 286 HP 8591 E, HP 8593E, HP 8594E, HP 8595E, or HP 8596E only. ZONE searches for the next frequency peak outside and to the left of the zone PK LEFT markers on the upper window trace and then moves the zone so that it is centered around the new peak.
Page 287 Key Menus This chapter contains the key menu diagrams for the HP 8590 Series spectrum analyzers. The menus are documented for the: HP 8590L I HP 85913 HP 85921, HP 85933 HP 85943 HP 8594L HP 85953 HP 85963 Each key menu diagram is arranged alphabetically according to the front-panel key name. Note Some of the softkeys in the key menus are model or option specific and may not appear on your spectrum analyzer.
Page 288 [AMPLITUDE] R E F LVL34 ATTEI‘I A U T O M A N I 3 4 S C A L E L O G LIN 4mmv 34 M A X M X R L V L dBuii 3 4 ;gg ;;;;u;‘Tz:, Amatd Unfts ‘/cd, t 5 34 E X T E R N A L P R E A M P G...
Page 289 A U T O A L L R E S BW A U T O MAI,I VID BW A U T O M A N ATTEbI A U T O M A N S W P T I M E A U T O M A N PU12 C F S T E P AlJTO M A N D E M O D O N OFF3...
Page 290 I CAL I I.OllF T E S T CAL F P E ’ , ,L AMPTO STOR P W P ‘ill IUN I T S 6 “ervtce C C A L F E T C H ‘ierv~ce Diog ~ C A L FHEl, EiECUTE T I T L E C O R R E C T ON O F F D E F A U L T C A L D A T A...
Page 291 (OPTION 04 1) P R N P O P T HP,B P A P PLT POPT HPiB P A P P R I N T E R AD”PESS P L O T T E F A D D R E S S Prev,ous Me””...
Page 292 SLOPE F L A T -aELECT SEGMEIil S E L E C T F R E O (or TIME) I S P L A Y ;::;;; ;“;‘;;““” f-i-& “E,: r +- c : > = /?\[I :tLti 1 ‘.EGME,, EDIT Ui ‘R L W R D E L E T E SEGMEI, AECDEF...
Page 293 I SINGLE MEA: C”NT MEA’_ CENTER FPEO OCL BW X F O W E P s e t u p Prev,ous Menu ISlhil., F h”F AC A ;Oi;L;E;; bLI”IL,I /\LU rCh,TrD COCI? ;ER I % A M O N O F F 101 O N O F F CHAN POWER P o w e r Menu...
Page 294 M A P K E R m>CF o r M A R K E R m>M,D SCRN ‘6 MARKER ->REF L”L MAPKEP ->CF S T E P M A R K E R ->STAPT MARkERG m>SPAN M A R K E R ->STOP M A R K E R m>MIEIIMLM More 1 of 2...
Page 295 IPRESETI S P E C T R U M A N A L Y Z E R - & & T S P E C T R U M F O R R E C A L L I N G A N D SAVING TO ANALYZER MEMOR’I’: (fhaf i s , w i t h iNTERNAL seiecfed)
Page 296 F O R R E C A L L / /\ii; A N D S A V I N G T O M E M O R Y C A R D : in/i f h C A R D seiec t e d ) (ihof (RECALL] T R A C E A...
Page 297 F O R R E C A L L I N G A N D S A V I N G T O A N A L Y Z E R M E M O R Y : (thut i with/NTEKNAL seiected) E D I T L A S T...
Page 298 FOR R E C A L L i PIG A N D SAVi IVG T O MEMOR‘J C A R D : (3 t i S , w i t h C A R D se/w t e d ) S T A T E ->...
Page 299 SWEEP GATE SWP T I M E AlJTD M A N S W E E P CONT SGL GATE EDGE G A T E O N O F F ’ 3 mAY ’ 3 note control’i- GATE S W P TIME13 GATE RES BW13 Previ...
Page 300 S W E E P Cr)NT S G L F R E E PIJN VIDEO L I NE TRIG ‘IiD FLD 3 EXTERNAL T V TF:lG E V E N FLG3 SiP4C C P D T V T R I G - Stnndard 3 - ( P r e v i o u s M e n u 3 3 o p t i o n s...
Page 301: What You'll Find In This Chapter
If You Have A Problem What You’ll Find in This Chapter This chapter includes information on how to check for a problem with your HP 8590 Series spectrum analyzer and how to return it for service. It also includes descriptions of all of the spectrum analyzer built-in error messages.
Page 302: Before You Call Hewlett-Packard
Before You Call Hewlett-Packard Check the Basics A problem often can be solved by rechecking what was being done when the problem occurred. A few minutes spent in performing some simple checks may save waiting for your instrument to be repaired. Before calling Hewlett-Packard or returning the spectrum analyzer for service, please make the following checks: 1.
Page 303 13. For a preselected spectrum analyzer (HP 8592L, HP 85933, HP 85953, and HP 85963) with low signal amplitudes above 2.75 GHz, perform a YTF calibration. For the HP 8592L, HP 85933, or HP 85963 connect a low-loss cable (such as HP part number 8120-5148) from 100 MHz COMB OUT to the spectrum analyzer input.
Page 304: Read The Warranty
d. Set the display position using (CAL), More 1 of 4 , CRT VERT POSITION and m, More 1 of 4, CRT HORZ POSITION. e. Press [CAL), CAL STORE. Note Some user configurations may need to be reset. DEFAULT CAL DATA can only be accessed by entering a center frequency of -37 Hz. The center frequency -37 Hz acts as a pass code for DEFAULT CAL DATA .
Page 305: Hewlett-Packard Sales And Service Offices
lhble 9-l. Hewlett-Packard Sales and Service Offices UNITED STATES Instrument Support Center Hewlett-Packard Company (800) 403-0801 EUROPEAN FIELD OPERATIONS Headquarters France Germany Hewlett-Packard S.A. Hewlett-Packard France Hewlett-Packard GmbH 150, Route du Nant-d’Avri1 1 Avenue Du Canada Hewlett-Packard Strasse 1217 Meyrin 2/Geneva Zone D’Activite De Courtaboeuf 61352 Bad Homburg v.d.H Switzerland...
Page 306: How To Return Your Analyzer For Service
How to Return Your Analyzer for Service Service %.g If you are returning the spectrum analyzer to Hewlett-Packard for servicing, fill in and attach a blue service tag. Several service tags are supplied at the rear of this manual. Please be as specific as possible about the nature of the problem.
Page 307: Error Messages
Error Messages The spectrum analyzer can generate various messages that appear on its screen during operation to indicate a problem. There are three types of messages: hardware error messages (H), user-created error messages (U), and informational messages (M). Hardware error messages indicate the spectrum analyzer hardware is probably broken. w User-created error messages appear when the spectrum analyzer is used incorrectly.
Page 308 CAL FREQ & AMPTD routine before trying to store the correction factors. This message also sets SRQ 110. (U) CAL: FM SPAN SENS FAIL The spectrum analyzer could not set up span sensitivity of the FM coil. (H) CAL: GAIN FAIL Indicates the signal amplitude is too low during the CAL AMPTD routine.
Page 309 CAL: YTF FAILED Indicates that the CAL YTF routine could not be successfully completed. If this message appears, ensure that the CAL OUT connector (for the HP 85953) or 100 MHz COMB OUT connector (for the HP 8592L, HP 85933, or HP 85963) is connected to the spectrum analyzer input, perform the CAL FREQ &...
Page 310 FAIL:- - - An error was discovered during the power-up check. The 4-digit by lo-digit code indicates the type of error. Error codes are described in the spectrum analyzer service guide. (H) File type incompatible Indicates that the selected file is not a display image file. The file name for a display image file is always preceded by an “i.”...
Page 311 HP BASIC command instead of disconnecting the controller. See the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s ciuide for more information. (U) INVALID ITEM:- - - Indicates an invalid parameter has been used in a programming command.
Page 312 INVALID KEYNAME:- - - The specified key name is not allowed. (The key name may have conflicted with a spectrum analyzer programming command.) To avoid this problem, use an underscore as the second character in the key name, or avoid beginning the key name with the following pairs of letters: LB, OA, OL, TA, TB, TR, MA, MF, TS, OT, and DR.
Page 313 INVALID VALUE PARAMETER: - - - The specified value parameter is invalid. (U) INVALID VARDEF: - - - The specified variable name is not allowed. To avoid this problem, use an underscore as the second character in the variable label, or avoid beginning the variable label with the following pairs of letters: LB, OA, OL, TA, TB, TR, MA, MF, TS, OT, and DR.
Page 314 OVEN COLD Indicates that the spectrum analyzer has been powered up for less than 5 minutes. (The actual temperature of the precision frequency oven is not measured.) (Option 004 only.) PARAMETER ERROR: - - - The specified parameter is not recognized by the spectrum analyzer. See the appropriate programming command description to determine the correct parameters.
Page 315 Softkey nesting exceeds the maximum number of levels. (U) SRQ - - - The specified service request is active. Service requests are a form of informational message and are explained in Appendix A of the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers User’s Guide. (M) STEP GAIN/ATTN FAIL Indicates the step gain has failed.
Page 316 Trace A is not available Indicates that trace A is in the store-blank mode and cannot be used for limit-line testing. Use CLEAR WRITE A or VIEW A to change trace A from the store-blank mode to the clear write mode, and then turn on limit-line testing. (U) UNDF KEY The softkey number is not recognized by the spectrum analyzer.
Page 317 Measurement Personalities, Options, and Accessories What You’ll Find In This Chapter Many measurement personalities, options, and accessories are available to enhance the spectrum analyzer so that it will better meet the needs of your application. This chapter contains a list of the available measurement personalities, options, and accessories for your spectrum analyzer.
Page 318: Measurement Personalities
Measurement Personalities Broadcast Measurements Personality HP 85913, HP 8593E, HP 8594E, HP 85953, or HP 8596E. The HP 85724A For use with the Broadcast Measurements Personality provides customized RF video measurements for testing broadcast transmitters. The Broadcast Measurements Personality is a downloadable program on a memory card.
Page 319: Ct2-Ca1 Measurements Personality
CT2-CA1 Measurements Personality Fbr use with the HP 8591E, HP 85934 HP 85944 HP 8595E, or HP 8596E. The HP 85717A CT2-CA1 measurements personality provides RF transmitter measurements for testing CT2 cordless telephone handsets and bases. The measurements include: mean carrier power, carrier-off power, adjacent channel power, out-of-band power, spurious emissions, intermodulation attenuation, and frequency error deviation.
Page 320: Link Measurement Personality
(See Option 050 in this chapter.) Noise Figure Measurements Personality Fbr use with HP 8590 E-Series spectrum analyzers with Option 119. The HP 85719A noise-figure measurement personality along with the HP 8590 E-Series spectrum analyzer provide displayed swept noise-figure and gain measurements form 10 MHz to 2.9 GHz.
Page 321: Memory Card Reader (Option 003)
Options Options can be ordered by option number when you order the spectrum analyzer. Some of the options are also available as kits that can be ordered and installed after you have received your spectrum analyzer. The options are listed numerically by their option number. 750 Input Impedance (Option 001) For HP 8590L and HP 85913 only.
Page 322: Tracking Generator (Option 010 And Option 011)
Hewlett-Packard interface bus (HP-IB). Such computers include the HP 9000 Series 300, and the IIP Vectra PC. Option 041 includes a connector for an external keyboard, an HP-IB connector, a parallel interface connector for printers, and the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s Guide.
Page 323: Rs-232 And Parallel Interface (Option 043)
Such computers include the HP Vectra PC, the IBM PC, the AT, and compatibles. It includes a connector for an external keyboard, an RS-232 g-pin connector, a parallel interface connector for printers, and the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzer and HP 8591 C Cable TV Analyzer Programmer’s tide.
Page 324: Improved Amplitude Accuracy For Nadc Bands (Option 050)
Improved Amplitude Accuracy for NADC bands (Option 050) For HP 8591E, HP 8593E, HP 8594E, HP 8595E, and HP 8596E only. This is an amplitude calibration that improves specifications to l 0.6dB at 20-30” C for NADC frequency bands 824 to 849 MHz and 869 to 894 MHz.
Page 325: Am/Fm Demodulator With Speaker And Tv Sync Trigger Circuitry (Option 102)
AM/FM Demodulator with Speaker and TV Sync Trigger Circuitry (Option 102) Ftw HP 85913, HP 8593E, HP 8594E, HP 8595E, and HP 85963 only. Option 102 enables you to use amplitude or frequency demodulation and to listen to a demodulated signal. Option 102 also allows you to TV trigger on the selected line of a TV video picture frame if both Option 101 and 102 are installed.
Page 326 DECT Demodulator (Option 112) For HP 8593E, HP 85943, HP 8595E, and HP 8596E only. This option provides built-in demodulation capability for making DECT (Digital European Cordless Telephone) measurements. It must be used with HP 85723A measurements personality to make frequency and deviation measurements on DECT handsets and base stations.
Page 327 Option 101 or Option 151 support negative peak detection for an HP 85933, HP 85943, HP 8595E, and HP 85963. The negative peak detector capability is useful for video modulator balance adjustments and intermodulation distortion measurements. Option 101 allows negative peak detection with sweep times as high as 200 ms.
Page 328: Rack Mount Kit With Handles (Option 909)
Option 909 is also available as a kit (HP part number 5062-4840). User’s Guide and Calibration Guide (Option 910) An additional copy of the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Spectrum Analyzers User’s Guide, the HP 8590 E-Series and L-Series Series Spectrum Analyzers Quick Reference Guide, and the...
Page 329: Accessories
Accessories A number of accessories are available from Hewlett-Packard to help you configure your spectrum analyzer for your specific applications. They can be ordered through your local HP Sales and Service Office. RF and Transient Limiters The HP 11867A and HP 11693A RF Limiters protect the spectrum analyzer input circuits from damage due to high power levels.
Page 330: Ac Power Source
1 GHz. Burst Carrier Trigger For use with HP 8590 E-Series spectrum analyzers. The HP 85902A burst carrier trigger detects the burst RF carrier of a digital communication system and provides a TTL output trigger to synchronize a spectrum analyzer. The triggering function is especially useful when performing time-dependent measurements used as power versus time and adjacent channel power gated measurements.
Page 331: Close Field Probes
Close Field Probes The HP 11945A close field probe set contains the HP 11940A and HP 11941A close-field probes. These are small, hand-held, electromagnetic-field sensors that provide repeatable, absolute, magnetic-field measurements over a wide frequency range. The HP 11941A operates from 9 kHz to 30 MHz.
Page 332: Pc Interface And Report Generator Software
PC Interface and Report Generator software For use with HP 8590 E-Series or L-Series spectrum analyzers with option 003 and HP 85716A CATV system monitor personality. The HP 85916A PC Interface and Report Generator software provides easy setup and scheduling screens for immediate and timed measurements.
Page 333: Service Requests
Service Requests This appendix describes the spectrum analyzer service request (SRQ) capability. A service request is a spectrum analyzer output that tells the operator or computer that a specific event has taken place in the spectrum analyzer. When writing programs, service requests can be used to interrupt the computer program sequence, causing the program to branch to a subroutine.
Page 334: A-L. Status Byte Definition
‘Ihble A-l. Status Byte Definition Message Display Message 1 (LSB) Unused Unit Key Pressed SRQ 102 End of sweep SRQ 104 Hardware broken SRQ 110 Command complete SRQ 120 Illegal spectrum analyzer command SRQ 140 Universal HP-IB service request HP-IB RQS bit Unused The display message is an octal number based on the binary value of the status byte.
Page 335: Analog+ Display Mode
Glossary absolute amplitude accuracy The degree of correctness or uncertainty (expressed in either volts or dB power). It includes relative uncertainties plus calibrator uncertainty. For improved accuracy, some spectrum analyzers specify frequency response relative to the calibrator as well as relative to the midpoint between peak-to-peak extremes.
Page 336 attenuation A general term used to denote a decrease of signal magnitude in transmission from one point to another. Attenuation may be expressed as a scalar ratio of the input to the output magnitude in decibels. bandwidth selectivity It is This is a measure of the analyzer’s ability to resolve signals unequal in amplitude.
Page 337 clear-write mode This is an analyzer function that clears the specified trace (A, B, or C) from the display, then sweeps (updates) the trace each time trigger conditions are met. When trigger conditions are met, the new input-signal data is displayed, then cleared, and the process begins again. conducted emissions Unwanted signals coupled onto the power or signal lines by a particular device.
Page 338 detector mode The manner in which analog, video information is processed prior to being digitized and stored in memory. Refer also to negative peak, positive peak, quasi-peak detector, rosenfell, and sample. digital display A display that uses vectors drawn between a series of data points (analog video) that are first digitized and stored in memory, then displayed.
Page 339 The abbreviation for electromagnetic interference. An EM1 measurement determines how much an undesired electromagnetic disturbance impairs the reception of a desired electromagnetic signal. envelope detector A detector circuit whose output follows the envelope, but not the instantaneous variation of its input signal. This detector is sometimes called a peak detector. In superheterodyne spectrum analyzers, the input to the envelope detector comes from the final IF, and the output is a video signal.
Page 340 frequency resolution The ability of a spectrum analyzer to separate closely spaced spectral components and display them individually. Resolution of equal amplitude components is determined by resolution bandwidth. Resolution of unequal amplitude signals is determined by resolution bandwidth and bandwidth selectivity. frequency response The peak-to-peak variation in the displayed signal amplitude over a specified center frequency range.
Page 341 harmonic distortion Undesired frequency components added to signals as a result of nonlinear behavior of the device (for example, a mixer or an amplifier) through which signals pass. These unwanted components are harmonically related to the original signal. harmonic mixing The utilization of local oscillator harmonics generated in a mixer to extend the tuning range of a spectrum analyzer beyond the range achievable using just the local oscillator fundamental.
Page 342 input attenuator An attenuator between the input connector and the first mixer of a spectrum analyzer (also called an RF attenuator). The input attenuator is used to adjust the signal level incident to the first mixer, and to prevent gain compression due to high-level or broadband signals. It is also used to set the dynamic range by controlling the degree of internally-generated distortion.
Page 343 linear input. level The maximum input-signal level where gain compression does not occur. Refer also to gain compression. The abbreviation for local oscillator. The local oscillator output in a superheterodyne system is mixed with the received signal to produce a sum or difference equal to the intermediate frequency (IF) of the receiver.
Page 344 measurement units Trace information is stored in trace arrays made up of measurement units. The measurement-unit range is restricted to integers between -32,768 and +32,767. In a logarithmic scale, a measurement unit is one-hundredth of a dBm, or represented mathematically as: (value in dBm) x 100 = measurement units. As an example, -10.115 dBm x 100 = -1012 measurement units, not -1011.5.
Page 345 noise sidebands Modulation sidebands that indicate the short-term instability of the local oscillator (primarily the first local oscillator) system of a spectrum analyzer. The modulating signal is noise, in the local oscillator circuit itself or in the local oscillator stabilizing circuit, and the sidebands comprise a noise spectrum.
Page 346 persistence See CRT persistence. personality Applications available on a memory card or other electronic media that extends the capability of an instrument for specific uses. Examples include digital radio personalities and cable TV personalities. phase noise Refer to noise sidebands. position units The position unit describes the location of a point along the horizontal axis of a trace.
Page 347 read-only memory ROM (read-only memory) that is encoded into the analyzer’s firmware. The data can be accessed (read) only; it cannot be altered by the user. reference level The calibrated vertical position on the display used as a reference for amplitude measurement in which the amplitude of one signal is compared with the amplitude of another regardless of the absolute amplitude of either.
Page 348 scale factor The per-division calibration of the vertical axis of the display. scan (frequency span) linearity The measured accuracy of the horizontal axis of the analyzer display. When two horizontal points are set with analyzer controls, then measured, the linearity is the calculated error between the two points compared with the analyzer settings.
Page 349 span accuracy The uncertainty of the indicated frequency separation of any two signals on the display. spectral purity See noise sidebands. spectral component One of the sine waves comprising a spectrum. spectrum An array of sine waves differing in frequency and amplitude. They are properly related with respect to phase and, taken as a whole, constitute a particular time-domain signal.
Page 350 sweep time The time it takes the local oscillator to tune across the selected span. Sweep time directly affects how long it takes to complete a measurement. It does not include the dead time between the completion of one sweep and the start of the next. It is usually a function of frequency span, resolution bandwidth, and video bandwidth.
Page 351 units Dimensions on the measured quantities. Units usually refer to amplitude quantities because they can be changed. In spectrum analyzers with microprocessors, available units are dBm (dB relative to 1 mW (milliwatt) dissipated in the nominal input impedance of the analyzer), dBmV (dB relative to 1 mV (millivolt)), dBpV (dB relative to 1 pV>, volts, and in some analyzers watts.
Page 352 video filter A post-detection, low-pass filter that determines the bandwidth of the video amplifier. It is used to average or smooth a trace. Refer also to video bandwidth. windows display mode A display mode of the HP 8590 Series Spectrum Analyzers where the screen area is split into two separate displays.
Page 353 Index 500/750 minimum loss pad, lo-13 5062 transmission/reflection test set, lo-13 O-2.9 GHz BAND 0, 7-4 750 matching transformer, lo-13 O-2.9 Gz BAND 0, 7-12 AC power source, lo-14 AC probe, lo-14 broadband preamplifiers, lo-14 100 MHz COMB OUT, 2-4 broadcast measurements personality, 10-2 10 MHz reference DAC setting, 7-14 burst carrier trigger, lo-14...
Page 354 transit case, lo-16 edit done, 7-36 accessories shipped with the analyzer, 1-3 menus, 7-8 ac coupling, 7-30 on or off, 7-8 ACPGRAPH , 7-6 purge, 7-70 AC power source, lo-14 recall table, 7-73 AC probe, lo-14 save table, 7-75 active function, 2-12 select amplitude, 7-76 active function block, 2-1 select frequency, 7-77...
Page 355 annotation, 2-10 BLANK B, 7-12 ANNOTATN ON OFF, 7-10 BLANK C, 7-12 APND CAT ITEM, 7-10 BLANK CARD, 5-11, 7-13 ATTEN AUTO MAN, 7-10 BND LOCK ON OFF, 3-26, 7-13 attenuation coupling, 7- 10 broadband preamplifiers, lo-14 attenuator-error factors, 7-78 built-in tracking generator, 7-88 AUTO ALL, 7-10 BW, 7-13...
Page 356 center frequency, 7-21 100 MHz comb out, 2-4 window zone, 7-92 10 MHz ref output, 2-6 center-frequency step size, 7-2 1 AUXB, 7-11 CF STEP AUTO MAN, 7-21 aux IF output, 2-7 change function values, 2-8 aux video output, 2-7 change prefix cal output, 2-3 edit done, 7-36...
Page 357 CPL RBW ON OFF, 7-30 Demod, 4-13, 7-33 CPL SWP ON OFF, 7-30 DEMOD AM FM, 4-13, 7-33 CPL VBW ON OFF, 7-31 DEMOD ON OFF, 4-13, 7-33 creating amplitude-correction factors, 5-36 demodulating an AM or FM signal, 4-13 creating limit lines, 5-18 demodulation, 7-33 creating new programs, 7-58 AM, 7-33...
Page 358 find right peak, 7-93 ENTER, 7-38 move center, 7-92 entering a prefix, 5-12 Dispose User Mem, 7-35 ENTER PRI, 7-39 distortion products, 3-20 ENTER REF EDGE, 7-39 DJ540, 7-48 ENTER WIDTH, 7-39 DLP, 5-16 epson format, 7-41 cataloging, 7- 18 EPSON LARGE, 7-78 editor, 7-38 epson lq570, 7-41...
Page 359 frequency extension to 26.5 GHz (Option 026) fast ADC APC-3.5 connector, 10-7 optional, lo-10 frequency extension to 26.5 GHz (Option fast Fourier transform 027) stop frequency, 7-43 N-Type connector, 10-7 fast Fourier transform function, 4-2, 7-43 frequency offset, 7-45 fast time domain sweeps (Option lOl), 10-8 frequency self-calibration, 7-14 features frequency span, 7-80...
Page 360 sweep time, 7-30 improved amplitude accuracy (Option 053) video bandwidth, 7-31 10-8 GHIJKL, 7-47 impulse noise GND REF DETECTOR, 7-3, 7-47 measurement, 3-17 graph markers, 7-48 increase frequency readout resolution, 3-6 GRAT ON OFF, 7-47 informational messages, 9-7 group delay and amplitude flatness (Option INIT FLT, 7-2, 7-48 ill), 10-9 initial inspection, 1-3...
Page 361 delete segment, 7-33 LOAD FILE, 7-51 displaying, 5-28, 7-51 ((LOCALS, 7-51 edit done, 7-36 local operation, 7-27, 7-51 editing, 5-20 lock harmonic band,‘7-13 edit lower table, 7-37 lock internal state and trace registers, 7-74 edit mid/delta amplitude, 7-37 LO feedthrough, 3-12 edit table, 7-37 log scale, 7-76 edit upper and lower tables, 7-38...
Page 362 marker noise, 7-56 catalog states, 7-2 1 use with Option 105, 4-23 catalog traces, 7-2 1 MARKER NORMAL, 2-14, 7-54 changing the battery, 2-20 MARKER NORM PK, 7-54 delete file, 7-13, 7-33 MARKER ON, 7-54 display recall, 7- 15 marker pause, 7-56 formatting, 5- 11, 7-44 dwell time, 7-36 inserting a memory card, 2-19...
Page 363 display compression, 2-10, 7-84 ONPWRUP command, 7-19 move trace A into C, 7-5 on-screen signal positioning multipen plotter, 7-29 horizontal, 7-31 vertical, 7-31 ONSRQ command, 7-19 NADC firmware (Option 160), lo-11 ONSWP command, 7-19 NADC-TDMA measurements personality, ONTIME command, 7-19 10-4 operating Option 105, 4-22 narrow resolution bandwidths and precision...
Page 364 improved amplitude accuracy (Option 050), laserjet, 6-21 10-8 parallel polling, A- 1 improved amplitude accuracy (Option 051), PARAM AUTO MAN, 7-62 10-8 pass code, 7-31 improved amplitude accuracy (Option 052), PCD firmware (Option 160), lo-11 10-8 PDC measurements personality, 10-4 improved amplitude accuracy (Option 053), PDC/PHS/NADC/CDMA Firmware for Option 10-8...
Page 365 PLT MENU ON OFF, 7-64 Print Config, 7-69 Plt Port Config, 7-64 printer, lo-16 PLT PORT HPIB PAR, 7-64 HP Paintjet, 7-28 PLT PORT SER PAR, 7-64 PRINTER ADDRESS, 7-69 PLTS/PG 1 2 4, 7-64 printer configuration, 7-27 POINT, 5-26, 7-64 PRINTER SETUP, 7-69 point deletion, 7-33 printing, 7-28, 7-30...
Page 366 PRI, 7-30, 7-39 recalling a state from the memory card, pulse width, 7-30, 7-39 5-13, 7-15 reference edge, 7-39 recalling a trace from analyzer memory, 5-7, time gate utility, 7-70 7-49 pulse repetition interval, 4-25, 7-39 recalling a trace from the memory card, pulse width, 4-25, 7-39 5-13-14, 7-15 PURGE AMP COR, 5-38, 7-70...
Page 367 SAVE AMP COR, 7-75 SELECT 1 2 3 4, 7-76 save current display, 7-35 SELECT AMPLITUD, 5-25, 5-39, 7-76 save current state SELECT DLT AMPL, 5-25, 7-76 memory card, 7-82 SELECT FREQ, 5-25, 5-39, 7-77 state register, 7-82 SELECT LWR AMPL, 5-25, 7-77 saved analyzer state, 7-49 SELECT MID AMPL, 5-25, 7-77 SAVE EDIT, 7-75...
Page 368 highest, 7-80 step size, center frequency, 7-21 signal tracking, 3-7, 7-63. See also marker step-size coupling, 7-10 tracking stimulus-response measurements, 4-7 SINGLE FFT, 7-80 stimulus response mode, 7-83 SINGLE MEAS, 7-80 STOP FREQ, 7-82 single sweep, 7-79, 7-82 stop frequency, fft, 7-43 SLOPE, 5-26, 7-80 store correction factors, 7-14 softkey label, 2-l...
Page 369 third order intermodulation measurement, maximum hold, 7-55 4-41 TRACE B, 7-86 verification of, 4-42 trace C THRESHLD ON OFF, 7-85 minimum hold, 7-55 threshold line, 7-85 TRACE C, 7-86 timebase verification, 7-90 trace modes, 2-10, 2-l 1 Time Date, 7-85 trace registers TIMEDATE ON OFF, 7-86 locking, 7-74...
Page 370 TRMATH command, 7- 19 using the GATE CTL EDGE LVL, 4-38 turning off markers, 7-54 using the level gate control, 4-38 turning off the FFT function, 7-43 using the self-calibration routines with Option turning off windows display, 7-91 105, 4-35 turning on the analyzer for the first time, v, 7-90 turn off active function, 2-8...
Page 371 YZ-# Spc Clear, 7-92 X FINE TUNE DAC, 7-3, 7-91 ZERO MARKER, 7-92 ZERO SPAN, 3-7, 7-92 YTF DRIVER, 7-3, 7-91 ZONE CENTER, 7-92 YTF self-calibration routine, l-10, 2-18 ZONE PK LEFT, 7-93 YTF slope and offset adjustment, 7-14 ZONE PK RIGHT, 7-93 YTF SPAN, 7-3, 7-92 ZONE SPAN, 7-93 YTF TUNE COARSE, 7-3, 7-92...

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