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PNA Series Microwave Network Analyzers
Theory of Operation
N5241A/42A
Signal Separation Group Operation
Normal Measurement Configuration
The Option 419 analyzer is equipped with configurable test set and source attenuators.
With this configuration and inclusion of an external amplifier and accessories, you can
calibrate the analyzer and test devices at power levels up to +30 dBm. You can make
measurements in the forward, reverse, or both directions and still achieve these high
power levels.
High Dynamic Range Measurement Configuration
With a few jumper changes, you can configure the measurement configuration for higher
dynamic range measurements. By swapping the front panel jumpers for one port, signal
flow through the corresponding coupler is reversed, increasing the test signal sensitivity
by 15 dB.
In the forward direction, for example, the signal flow through the test port 2 coupler (A32)
is reversed by arranging the front panel jumpers such that RCVR B IN connects to CPLR
THRU and CPLR ARM connects to SOURCE OUT.
While increasing forward (S
) dynamic range, the reverse (S
) dynamic range is
21
12
degraded by the same amount.
A25–A28 Bridges
The source incident signals from the A5 and A8 26.5 GHz sources are sent to the A25–A28
bridges where a portion of each signal is coupled off to provide the R1, R2, R3, and R4
receiver reference signals for 4-port models or R1 and R2 reference signals for 2-port
models.
These reference signals are routed through front-panel jumpers to the A23 and A24 mixer
bricks. Refer to
"A23 and A24 Mixer Bricks" on page 5-21
for additional information.
The test signals each go through the through-line arm of a bridge, then through a front
panel jumper to the A29–A32 test port couplers.
A29–A32 Test Port Couplers
The test port signals go into the through-line arm of the couplers, and from there to the
test ports and the DUT.
The coupled arm of the couplers carries the signal reflected from or transmitted through
the DUT, to the receiver for measurement (through front panel jumpers), as inputs A, B, C,
and D for 4-port models or inputs A and B for 2-port models. The coupling coefficient of the
directional couplers is nominally 15 dB over the full frequency range.
Service Guide N5242-90001
5-17
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Troubleshooting
