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Dataman S4 Manual

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DATAMAN S4 MANUAL
Introduction to S4
DATAMAN S4 is a battery-powered PROM
programmer for Microsystem Designers.
It
can
readily
be
used
for
production
programming too.S4 contains 128k, 256k or
512k of RAM which retains data and
configuration even when switched off. The
RAM can be downloaded with data and
manipulated either remotely from a computer
via RS232 interface or directly from S4's
keypad. S4 provides plug-in emulation for
PROMS via a 24/28/32 pin emulator lead. The
development method is that a new program
can tried out by emulation. When it works, a
PROM can be programmed, plugged into the
system and the job is done. Programming
facilities include EPROMS of the 27 series,
such as 2716 or 278000, also FLASH
EPROMS and most EEPROMS, including 28,
52, 55 & 98 series.
Introduction to S4
1

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  • Page 1 The RAM can be downloaded with data and manipulated either remotely from a computer via RS232 interface or directly from S4's keypad. S4 provides plug-in emulation for PROMS via a 24/28/32 pin emulator lead. The development method is that a new program can tried out by emulation.
  • Page 2 6. Disk with Terminal Driver Program and Utilities 7. Mains charger. Three Year Guarantee. S4 has a back-to-base guarantee to the original purchaser for three years from date of purchase. All electronic parts and labour are covered, except the batteries which are only covered for the first year.
  • Page 3 Switch on and rotate the display thumb-wheel away from you to its full extent, which darkens the display. Adjust for best contrast, which depends on viewing-angle and temperature.If a LIBRARY program is loaded, S4 will display the version number: DATAMAN S4 LIB 1.1 128K BYTES RAM >...
  • Page 4 You will notice that the version of LIBRARY is not identified, because there is no LIBRARY program loaded. If S4 sees what it thinks is a valid library it will ask you if you want to run it. ESC = NO ENTER = YES.
  • Page 5 MODE and starts operation at the address pointed to by the Warm Start Vector (WSV). Loading and running a library reloads the WSV so that S4 starts operation in the right place. Pressing RESET points the WSV back into the BIOS...
  • Page 6 27256, so the LIBRARY ROM must be a 27256. <$IPower-down, automatic>Automatic Power-down If there is no charger connected, S4 goes to sleep if there is no input for 30 minutes. It turns the display off and enters a powered-down mode.
  • Page 7 If a charger is connected, S4 remains on. If the battery runs down to the 25% point, it is automatically recharged. S4 also powers down when it believes that the battery is getting too low - less than 8.4 volts.
  • Page 8 @BULLET = 4) Replace the back of the case and the screws. When you switch on, S4 will now tell you that you now have 512k of memory instead of 128k. <BI>It is anticipated that 4M chips will fall in price.
  • Page 9 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL operation like LIB, LOAD, BURN, TEST, SUM or COMP, which read the PROM. When S4 is waiting for a command, or performing any function which does not involve reading a PROM, the socket is "cold" - it has no supply voltages.
  • Page 10 The Screen means the remote terminal screen. The Display means either the terminal screen or S4's liquid crystal. The Keyboard refers to the remote terminal. <$ILCD;Liquid Crystal Display>The LCD is S4's own Liquid Crystal Display. Outputs are shown boxed in the text, meaning that this is...
  • Page 11 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL <$ITerminal Editing>Backspace and space are used to edit parameters in the command line from the terminal keyboard, equivalent to <F129M> c <F255D>and <F129M>d<F255D> keys on the keypad. <$IKEY;ESC>ESC aborts a command, even if it is already running. That part of the command which is already done cannot be undone, of course.
  • Page 12 If either the START or the END address is moved away from the boundary, the = (equal) sign will change to a # (not equal). S4 refuses to accept a value for the END address outside the current PROM size.

  • Page 13: Audible Tones

    Swapping pages is handled "behind the scenes" without troubling the user. Thus there is no apparent difference in the way S4 handles a 27512, which is one single block of 64k bytes, and a 27513, which is 4 pages of 16k bytes.
  • Page 14 <$IComputer Operation>Computer Operation<$&Computer> There are two ways of using S4. The obvious way is to enter commands by pressing keys and reading the 80-character LCD. The other way is to attach an <$IRS232;Remote operation>RS232...

  • Page 15: Interfacing With A Computer

    S4 returns to the command prompt >>. Interfacing with a Computer. Almost every S4 user will need to make a serial link with a computer at some time. Computers usually have a serial port, through which...
  • Page 16 A TERMINAL sends the information you type at the keyboard through the serial port. It displays what comes back through serial port on your screen. When S4 is connected to your computer running a terminal program, it might seem that what you type appears on your screen:...

  • Page 17: File Formats

    DATAMAN S4 MANUAL that is not so. What your see is what S4 chooses to send you in response:sometimes this is what you typed: sometimes it is not. Terminal programs usually let you send and receive files as well, with...

  • Page 18: Bulletin Board

    ADDRESS to start loading the data, CHECKSUM bytes to validate transmission etc. S4 receives files in common formats which are output by assemblers; formats such as INTELHEX, MOTOROLA S, TEKHEX, ASCII...

  • Page 19: How To Log On

    Shortly afterwards a CONNECT message should appear. BBS should then introduce itself: Connected at 2400 Bits Per Second. You are connected to the Dataman Bulletin Board [C]ontinue, [S]top, [N]onStop: When RETURN is pressed the following question will appear:...

  • Page 20: Getting Started Quickly

    If you want to make copies of a master PROM into blank PROMS of the same type, you must go through four stages: @BULLET = 1) Configure S4 for the PROM type @BULLET = 2) Load the MASTER PROM into S4.
  • Page 21 @BULLET = If you have a data sheet check that the programming voltage shown is correct. @BULLET = 3) Press LOAD. S4 defaults to copying the whole PROM into the bottom of memory. If that is what you want press ENTER, otherwise modify the parameters.
  • Page 22 If you get a message on this key which says: @COMPUTER TEXT = <R> >>SELECT DEVICE<R> NO LIBRARY LOADED<R> >> Then S4 will not program any PROM but 27256. You should load the library. @COMPUTER TEXT = Fujitsu 2716<R> 25.00v TO PIN 21<R>...
  • Page 23 PROM - if you are unsure, get a data sheet from the manufacturer. S4 will apply the voltages shown to the PROM in the socket - if they are incorrect the device may be damaged. If you...
  • Page 24 WILL BURN is displayed If the PROM is actually blank it contains all FF bytes - then the message BLANK ROM is displayed. S4 must be configured for the right type of 24try algorithms which apply the lowest voltages first. TEST KEY...
  • Page 25 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL PROM. A warning message gives the PROM type. To start the PRETEST, press the ENTER key. The example given will PRETEST a 2764, addresses 00000 to 01FFF to see whether it will correctly program with the contents of USER-RAM addresses 08000 to 09FFF.
  • Page 26 START and END addresses of the block. If there is another block then follows another 42 byte, followed by another START and END, and so on. When the LIBRARY program has been loaded, S4 resets and runs it. LIB KEY...
  • Page 27 At the end of the table of blocks there is a byte which is not 42. If this byte is 00, 54 then S4 picks up the following two bytes as a start address and executes it. If it is not 00,54 then S4 returns to the command prompt.
  • Page 28 SPACEBAR on the computer's keyboard. If handshake on outgoing transmissions is required, it can be set to<MO> <M>RTS<D> or <M>DTR<D>. If S4 is powered off, the handshake will be reset to NONE when it 28 <$IKEY;SETUP>SETUP KEY<$&SETUP>...
  • Page 29 <R> The charger normally looks after itself and it needs no assistance. S4 is powered by a rechargeable battery of 7 nickel cadmium cells providing 8.4 volts 600ma/hr. Charging is automatic: you do not have to turn the charger on or off.
  • Page 30 To terminate INFO mode, press ESCape. Automatic Battery Charging When S4 is turned on, it charges the battery if the "FUEL GAUGE" shows less than 75% full. The charger will replenish the battery in less than an hour.
  • Page 31 Nicad by looking at its voltage or by any other means. S4 keeps track of power usage from the last fully charged state. The FUEL GAUGE represents S4's guess at how much charge remains.
  • Page 32 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL 2) If S4 has been switched off for a long time. (that's because S4 cannot estimate self-discharge). In either case,the FUEL GAUGE will correct itself when the battery is charged. <$IBattery;NiCad>Nicad Battery The battery is capable of the following typical...

  • Page 33: Lithium Backup Battery

    S4 is recharged within a few days.<$IBattery;Charging> When the charger is ON, 650ma a.c flows into S4 and this will recharge the battery in about an hour. A reasonable working capacity will be restored in much less time.

  • Page 34: Defective Battery

    DATAMAN S4 MANUAL battery would last over 10 years in an S4 which was always charged, and about 2 years in one which was always flat. Charging from a Bench Supply. You can also charge your S4 from a D.C. bench supply.
  • Page 35 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL we have seen is that there is a low but constant rate of failure in Nicad cells which is not dependent on age. New ones seem to fail occasionally - as often as old ones. They seem to do better if worked hard, i.e.
  • Page 36 ZIF into USER-RAM. The area copied and the destination is defined by the START and END addresses. S4 must be configured for the right type of PROM. LOADing memory does not apply program voltages or program pulses to the PROM. PROMS of the same size and type...
  • Page 37 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL similar blank PROMS made by another, then it is okay to leave configuration set to the PROMS you are actually programming. You need not change configuration just to read the originals. A warning message gives the PROM type. If the ESCape key is pressed the process is aborted.
  • Page 38 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL DUMP KEY > >DUMP 2716 01A00 ADR=01A00 ABCD EFGH 4142 4344 4546 4748 494A 4B4C 4D4E 4F50 5152 5354 5556 5758 OM;Dumping data LCD>The keypad version of this function is similar to edit, except that it works directly on the device in the ZIF socket.
  • Page 39 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL at the address requested for the number of bytes. If the number of bytes is set to 0, then the dump will continue until the ESCape key is pressed. <MI>Warning: computers can take a long time writing data to screen.
  • Page 40 It is possible that S4 will receive serial code and must put every other byte in a different PROM. Splitting the code moves the bytes to a contiguous block of memory which may be burned directly into a PROM.
  • Page 41 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL How memory splitting works Insert picture here SPLIT KEY...
  • Page 42 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL SHUFFLE KEY SHUFF > > >SHUFFLE 64K Shuffle is the opposite of split. The top half of memory becomes the odd bytes, the bottom half the even bytes. Every byte in memory is moved, except the first and last - 0000 and FFFF.
  • Page 43 (other keys may do the same.)<$&EMULATE> Memory <$IMemory Emulation;Discussion>Emulation S4 emulates ROM and RAM, and may be used to modify or develop code. The emulation-lead should be plugged into the target system ROM or RAM socket before issuing the emulate command.
  • Page 44 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL in S4's RAM. If the area of memory which is intended for emulation has been loaded at a higher address, then it must be moved (or swapped) to location zero, for emulation to work. The pins of the EMULead are routed to the RAM memory through buffers.
  • Page 45 Development System can do, and most MDSs do not have editors and code manipulators which are as powerful as those of S4. S4 will not do anything microprocessor-specific - but it is not usually too difficult to write a routine in...
  • Page 46 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL dumped to a specific area of USER RAM where they can be inspected. The microprocessort in the target system can WRITE as well as READ. It it true that PROMS do not have a WRITE input, but that is provided separately on a flying lead.
  • Page 47 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL micro would happily try to write to ROM, if required to do so, but nothing would happen because the ROM has no WRITE input. Correct Prototype Design There are many microsystems around which are incorrectly designed. A common mistake is to select the memory chips by their OE inputs instead of CS.
  • Page 48 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL Byte-Wide RAMS may also be emulated. If the EMULead is to be plugged into the socket meant for a STATIC RAM, the PROM configuration must be set to a PROM which has similar address and data pin-out. The...
  • Page 49 - via series resistors, for example. Emulating 2716 EPROMs Due to a quirk in S4's hardware, 2716 EPROMs must be emulated at address 00800, rather than 00000.<R> <R> This means that when loading a 2716 into S4's...
  • Page 50 Locations which do not match are reported. If the PROM matches the block exactly, the message SAME is displayed. S4 must be configured for the right type of PROM. A warning message gives the PROM type. If the ESCape key is pressed, whilst editing the parameters, or after any reported mismatch the process is aborted.
  • Page 51 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL ENTER key. A mismatch between PROM and USER-RAM is displayed RAM ADDRESS, RAM BYTE, ROM BYTE as follows: @COMPUTER TEXT = 001B6 RAM=AA ROM=FF<R> <R> <R> <$IKEY;SUM> SUM KEY (green)<$&SUM> @COMPUTER TEXT = >><R> >><R> >>CHKSUM 27256<R>...
  • Page 52 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL nor lost bits whilst in storage. The CHECKSUM of a device which has programmed wrongly, gives useful information: if it is too low than the device has extra bits programmed and was possibly under-erased. If the CHECKSUM is too high then the device has...
  • Page 53 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL shown in the display. Press ENTER to proceed to the next occurrence. Use ESCape to terminate SEEK. The EDIT key puts you in the editor at the found address, if working from the keypad. In any case, SEEK...
  • Page 54 Chip-erase is not applied to EEPROMS if they cannot be completely erased, i.e. if less than a whole PROM is defined. If S4 powers down during BURN, because lack of battery-power is sensed, the PROM will still be programmed correctly up to the point where the program aborted.
  • Page 55 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL S4 must be configured for the right PROM. A warning message gives the PROM type, the program voltage and the pin to which it is applied. If these are wrong, the PROM could be destroyed. Note that pin number refers to the PROM.
  • Page 56 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL the data matches. EEPROMS are not chip-erased. QUICK is not <MI>always<D> quicker: if the PROM requires complete programming or a lot of changes, the usual BURN routine will be quicker. PROMS which usually program with QuickPulse or FlashRite Algorithms show no...
  • Page 57 <$IEditing;Stand-Alone>EDIT has been split into two different utilities, to make best use of the LCD and remote terminal. Stand-alone Editing. S4 uses all of the LCD in the edit routine. @COMPUTER TEXT = ADR=01A00 ABCD EFGH<R> 4142 4344 4546 4748<R>...
  • Page 58 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL which changes to an underline when you hold a key down to move quickly through memory. If you move off the top or bottom of the screen the display scrolls up or down by one line. Editing is...
  • Page 59 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL the MSB has been stripped. The others are sent as a point (full stop), because control characters will be interpreted by the terminal instead of being printed. To get out of the edit routine, press the ESCape key.
  • Page 60 KEY<$&RCVE> @COMPUTER TEXT = >><R> >><R> >>RECEIVE ASCII<R> 00123,04567 S4 receives files in INTEL, MOTOROLA, TEKHEX, ASCII or BINARY format, as defined in the SETUP routine. You are prompted for START and END addresses in ASCII and BINARY only, because these transmissions do not contain any destination for the data.
  • Page 61 RTS is not held true until the End-Of-File is reached. If more data is sent then S4 stays in the routine - the user should stop the file transmission from the sending end. Error-check failures built into the file-format are reported e.g.
  • Page 62 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL - all terminal functions have two unique letters. @COMPUTER TEXT = >><R> >><R> >><R> To indicate that an extra function is expected, the prompt changes from a >> to a *. FUNC LIB = Make Library<$&FUNCLIB> @COMPUTER TEXT = <R>...
  • Page 63 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL If you lend your S4 to a colleague, it is wise precaution to make a LIBRARY ROM with your own configurationfirst. Then, when you get you S4 back, you can restore all your own preferences (if you do get it back).
  • Page 64 Battery Charger. They are set to 25% and 75% on a cold start. <R> The rule is that if a charger is connected when S4 is switched on, the battery will be charged if the Fuel Gauge shows less than Norm Discharge level.
  • Page 65 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL @BULLET = Norm Discharge FUNC INFO = Self Test<$&FUNCINFO> @COMPUTER TEXT = >><R> >>SELF TEST<R> LCD TEST?<R> These tests used to verify the working of the LCD, the keypad and the USER RAM. ENTER will run the test. ESCape will pass on the the next test.
  • Page 66 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL FUNC SEEK =Seek Not Equal to<$&FUNCSEEK> @COMPUTER TEXT = <R> >><R> >>SEEK NOT EQUAL TO<R> 00000,1FFFF,FF This command is the converse of the SEEK command. It finds locations which are not the same as a specified byte. It can be useful in finding PROM locations which failed to erase.
  • Page 67 The LCD behaves exactly as the normal edit routine. WARNING *EDIT allows changes to the working program and system variables. S4 can be crashed by editing the running program, if indiscriminate <$IKEY;ESC edit (system RAM)>FUNC EDIT = Edit System...

  • Page 68: File Format

    This command is useful if you download a new library from our Bulletin Board to your computer. When you have sent the file to S4 you can make a new LIBRARY ROM with MAKELIB. Your SETUP must be INTEL format for this command to work.

  • Page 69: Quiet Mode

    DATAMAN S4 MANUAL <R> >>FILE FORMAT <R> INTEL Has no keypad equivalent. The space and backspace keys will change the file format from ASCII INTEL MOTOROLA TEKHEX BINARY. Either ESCape or ENTER will leave the file format set at the last choice shown on the screen.
  • Page 70 RS232 interface, but it is unlikely that such current will exceed 5ma. Nevertheless this current comes from the battery. Leaving the RS232 lead connected will reduce battery life by about 20%. When S4 powers down, the RS232 EXECUTE...
  • Page 71 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL voltages fall to zero. <$IBaud Rate;Discussion>Baud Rates The baud-rate of a transmission is the reciprocal of the time used to send one bit. Asynchronous serial transmissions as commonly used by computers have extra bits to frame and check...
  • Page 72 It may be possible to manage without any active handshaking, but some computers lock-up if they do not see thw correct signals. The implementation is as follows: at switch-on, S4 looks for CTS. If CTS is present then S4 puts out the introductory message to thw serial interface as well as putting it in the LCD.
  • Page 73 When sending files, remember that most computers cannot process data as fast as S4 can. To be safe, send at a slow baud rate or connect the RTS handshake line. You can usually see a bad transmission if...
  • Page 74 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL <$IINTEL HEX File Format>An Intel format file can be examined with a text editor and printed. Each record is a single line of ASCII characters, expressing bytes as Hexadecimal pairs, terminated with Carriage return and Linefeed.(0D,0A).<R> The transmission is terminated by ASCII End-of- File (1A).

  • Page 75: Data Record

    DATAMAN S4 MANUAL Data Record. @LIST 1 = Position @LIST 2 = Remarks @LIST 1 = 1 @LIST 2 = ":" ASCII Colon delimiter @LIST 1 = 2-3 @LIST 2 = Data byte count in HEX, max "20"<R> (32 bytes or 64 ASCII characters) @LIST 1 = 4-7 @LIST 2 = Lower 16 bits of 20 bit address<R>...

  • Page 76: S0 Header Record

    DATAMAN S4 MANUAL @LIST 1 = 2-3 @LIST 2 = "00" Number of Bytes. @LIST 1 = 4-7 @LIST 2 = 2 byte Transfer Address usually "0000" @LIST 1 = 8-9 @LIST 2 = "01" Record Type @LIST 1 = 10-11...
  • Page 77 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL @LIST 2 = Carriage Return & Line Feed S1 Data with 2 Byte Address @LIST 1 = Position Character @LIST 1 = 1-2 @LIST 2 = "S1" @LIST 1 = 3-4 @LIST 2 = Record length = data bytes plus 3<R>...
  • Page 78 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL first. @LIST 1 = 11-N @LIST 2 = Data bytes in hexadecimal,<R> each byte is two HEX characters. @LIST 1 = N+1,2 @LIST 2 = Negation of checksum of bytes<R> excluding "S2".<R> Makes the line add up to "FF".
  • Page 79 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL excluding "S9".<R> Makes the line add up to "FF" @LIST 1 = 13-14 @LIST 2 = Carriage Return & Line Feed @LISTING = Tektronix<$IFile Formats;TekHex> Format <$ITEKHEX File Format>A Tektronix format file can be examined using a text editor and printed.<R>...
  • Page 80 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL @LIST 1 = 10-N @LIST 2 = Data Bytes, each byte is two HEX characters. @LIST 1 = N+1,2 @LIST 2 = Two HEX characters show checksum of HEX characters in Data Bytes @LIST 1 = N +3,4 @LIST 2 = Carriage Return &...
  • Page 81 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL @LIST 1 = 4 @LIST 2 = "6" for data record @LIST 1 = 5-6 @LIST 2 = Checksum of all HEX characters not including "%". @LIST 1 = 7-N @LIST 2 = Between 2 and 17 characters. The first...
  • Page 82 ASCII is normally sent and received as an 8 bit transmission. The MSB is masked low when receiving, placed low when sending. When receiving, S4 asks for START and END addresses where the block will be stored. <BI>NOTE.<MI> INTEL, MOTOROLA and TEKHEX transmissions can be inspected by receiving them in ASCII format.
  • Page 83 (1A) character is seen.<D> BINARY reception is useful to check other file formats: every character that is sent appears in S4's RAM, so you can see what is really being received, including carriage returns, line feeds etc. hen receiving. An ASCII End-of-File...
  • Page 84 DATAMAN S4 MANUAL...

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