Page 1 DES-3250TG Standalone Layer 2 Switch User’s Guide Second Edition (July 2003) 651TG3250035 Printed In Taiwan RECYCLABLE...
Page 2: Copyright Statement
The product's Registration Card, provided at the back of this manual, must be sent to a D-Link office. To obtain an RMA number for warranty service as to a hardware product, or to obtain warranty service as to a software product, contact the D-Link office nearest you.
Page 3 VCCI Warning...
Page 5: Table Of Contents
Table of Contents Introduction ................1 Features ................1 Ports ..................1 Performance Features............2 Traffic Classification and Prioritization .......3 Management ..............4 Fast Ethernet Technology .............5 Gigabit Ethernet Technology..........5 Unpacking and Setup..............6 Unpacking ................6 Installation ................7 Desktop or Shelf Installation ..........7 Rack Installation ..............8 Power on................9 Power Failure ..............
Page 6 Switch IP Address............... 21 SNMP ................. 23 MIBs................... 25 Packet Forwarding .............. 26 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree ..........27 Link Aggregation..............30 VLANs ................32 IP Addresses ............... 40 Internet Protocols ............... 47 Packet Headers..............54 Web-Based Switch Management..........63 Introduction ...............
Page 7 User Accounts..............152 SNMPV3................. 153 Monitoring ................ 166 Port Utilization ............... 166 Packets ................168 Errors ................176 Size ................182 MAC Address ..............186 IGMP Snooping Group ........... 188 IGMP Snooping Forwarding..........190 VLAN Status ..............191 Router Port ..............191 Port Access Control ............
Page 9: Introduction
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide NTRODUCTION This section describes the functionality features of the DES-3250TG. Features The DES-3250TG Switch was designed for easy installation and high performance in an environment where traffic on the network and the number of users increase continuously.
Page 10: Performance Features
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Ethernet module (optional). Please note that although these front panel modules used simultaneously, ports must be different. For example, if port 49x is used on the Mini GBIC module, port 49x is not available on the 1000BASE-T module, and vice versa.
Page 11: Traffic Classification And Prioritization
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • Data forwarding rate 148,800 pps per port at 100% of wire-speed for 100Mbps speed. • Data filtering rate eliminates all error packets, runts, etc. at 14,880 pps per port at 100% of wire-speed for 10Mbps speed.
Page 12: Management
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Management • RS-232 console port out-of-band network management via a console terminal or PC. • Fast Spanning Tree Algorithm Protocol for creation of alternative backup paths and prevention of network loops. •...
Page 13: Fast Ethernet Technology
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • Supports Web-based management. • CLI management support. • TFTP support. • BOOTP support. • DHCP Client support. • Password enabled. Fast Ethernet Technology 100Mbps Fast Ethernet (or 100BASE-T) is a standard specified by the IEEE 802.3 LAN committee.
Page 14: Unpacking And Setup
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide NPACKING AND ETUP This chapter provides unpacking and setup information for the Switch. Unpacking Open the shipping carton of the Switch and carefully unpack its contents. The carton should contain the following items: •...
Page 15: Installation
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Installation Use the following guidelines when choosing a place to install the Switch: • The surface must support at least 3 kg • The power outlet should be within 1.82 meters (6 feet) of the device •...
Page 16: Rack Installation
Figure 2-1. Installing rubber feet for desktop installation Rack Installation The DES-3250TG can be mounted in an EIA standard-sized, 19-inch rack, which can be placed in a wiring closet with other equipment. To install, attach the mounting brackets on the switch’s side panels (one on each side) and secure them with...
Page 17: Power On
Figure 2-3. Installing the switch on an equipment rack Power on The DES-3250TG switch can be used with AC power supply 100 - 240 VAC, 50 - 60 Hz. The power switch is located at the rear of the unit adjacent to the AC power connector and the system fan.
Page 18: Power Failure
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • All LED indicators will momentarily blink. This blinking of the LED indicators represents a reset of the system • The power LED indicator is always on after the power is turned ON •...
Page 19: Identifying External Components
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide DENTIFYING XTERNAL OMPONENTS This chapter describes the front panel, rear panel, side panels, and optional plug-in module, and LED indicators of the DES-3250TG. Front Panel The front panel of the Switch consists of LED indicators, an...
Page 20: Rear Panel
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ● An RS-232 DCE console port for setting up and managing the switch via a connection to a console terminal or PC using a terminal emulation program. ● Forty-eight high-performance NWay Ethernet ports, all of which operate at 10/100 Mbps for connections to end stations, servers and hubs.
Page 21: Side Panels
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Side Panels Each side panel contains heat vents to help to dissipate heat. Figure 3-3. Side panel views of the Switch The system fans are used to dissipate heat. The sides of the system also provide heat vents to serve the same purpose.
Page 22: Led Indicators
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 3-4. Mini-GBIC modules plug-in to the Switch LED Indicators The LED indicators of the Switch include Power, Console, and Link/Act. The following shows the LED indicators for the Switch along with an explanation of each indicator.
Page 23 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ports. The LEDs blink whenever there is reception or transmission (i.e. Activity--Act) of data occurring at a port.
Page 24: Connecting The Switch
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ONNECTING WITCH This chapter describes how to connect the DES-3250TG to your Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/Gigabit Ethernet network. The Switch’s auto-detection feature allows all 48 10/100 ports to support both MDI-II and MDI-X connections.
Page 25: Switch To Hub Or Switch
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 4-1. Switch connected to an End Node • The Link/Act LEDs in the top row for each UTP port light green when the link is valid. A blinking LED in the top row indicates packet activity on that port.
Page 26: 10Base-T Device
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 4-2. Switch connected to a port on a hub or switch using a straight or crossover cable 10BASE-T Device For a 10BASE-T device, the Switch’s LED indicators should display the following: ●...
Page 27: Switch Management And Operating Concepts
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide WITCH ANAGEMENT PERATING ONCEPTS This chapter discusses many of the concepts and features used to manage the switch, as well as the concepts necessary for the user to understand the functioning of the switch. Further, this chapter explains many important points regarding these features.
Page 28: Diagnostic (Console) Port (Rs-232 Dce)
A network administrator can manage, control, and monitor the switch from the console program. The DES-3250TG contains a CPU, memory for data storage, flash memory for configuration data, operational programs, and SNMP agent firmware. These components allow the switch to be actively managed and monitored from either the console port or the network itself (out-of-band, or in-band).
Page 29: Switch Ip Address
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Make sure the terminal or PC you are using to make this connection is configured to match these settings. If you are having problems making this connection on a PC, make sure the emulation is set to VT-100. If you still don’t see anything, try hitting <Ctrl>...
Page 30 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The switch’s MAC address can also be found from the console program under the Switch Information menu item. Setting an IP Address The IP address for the switch must be set before it can be managed with the web-based manager.
Page 31: Snmp
• Modifying the configuration of network devices. The DES-3250TG has a software program called an ‘agent’ that processes SNMP requests, but the user program that makes the requests and collects the responses runs on a management station (a designated computer on the network).
Page 32 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Traps Traps are messages that alert network personnel of events that occur on the Switch. The events can be as serious as a reboot (someone accidentally turned OFF the Switch), or less serious like a port status change.
Page 33: Mibs
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide invalid SNMP community string. switch automatically stores the source IP address of the unauthorized user. • Topology Change – A Topology Change trap is sent by the Switch when any of its configured ports...
Page 34: Packet Forwarding
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide standard MIB-II, the Switch also supports its own proprietary enterprise MIB as an extended Management Information Base. These MIBs may also be retrieved by specifying the MIB’s Object-Identity (OID) at the network manager. MIB values can be either read-only or read-write.
Page 35: 802.1W Rapid Spanning Tree
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide receives a packet destined for a station on Port 2, the Switch transmits that packet through Port 2 only, and transmits nothing through the other ports. This process is referred to as ‘learning’...
Page 36 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide implementing IEEE 802.1d, however the advantages of using RSTP will be lost. The IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) evolved from the 802.1d STP standard. RSTP was developed in order to...
Page 37 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Forwarding Forwarding Table 5- 1. Comparing Port States RSTP is capable of more rapid transition to a forwarding state – it no longer relies on timer configurations – RSTP-compliant bridges are sensitive to feedback from other RSTP-compliant bridge links.
Page 38: Link Aggregation
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide used for migration in the event that legacy equipment on a segment is updated to use RSTP. Link Aggregation Link aggregation is used to combine a number of ports together make single...
Page 39 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5- 2. Link Aggregation Group Data transmitted to a specific host (destination address) will always be transmitted over the same port in a link aggregation group. This allows packets in a data stream to arrive in the same order they were sent.
Page 40: Vlans
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide use a load-balancing scheme that sends the packets of a host- to-host data stream over multiple link aggregation ports cannot have an aggregated connection with the DES-3250TG switch. VLANs A VLAN is a collection of end nodes grouped by logic rather than physical location.
Page 41 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • Untagging – The act of stripping 802.1Q VLAN information out of the packet header. • Ingress port – A port on a switch where packets are flowing into the switch and VLAN decisions must be made.
Page 42 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5- 3. IEEE 802.1Q Packet Forwarding 802.1Q VLAN Tags The figure below shows the 802.1Q VLAN tag. There are four additional octets inserted after the source MAC address. Their presence is indicated by a value of 0x8100 in the EtherType field.
Page 43 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The tag is inserted into the packet header making the entire packet longer by four octets. All of the information contained in the packet originally is retained. Figure 5- 4. IEEE 802.1Q Tag...
Page 44 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5- 5. Adding an IEEE 802.1Q Tag Port VLAN ID Packets that are tagged (are carrying the 802.1Q VID information) can be transmitted from one 802.1Q compliant network device to another with the VLAN information intact.
Page 45 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Within the switch, different PVIDs mean different VLANs. (remember that two VLANs cannot communicate without an external router). So, VLAN identification based upon the PVIDs cannot create VLANs that extend outside a given switch (or switch stack).
Page 46: Ingress Checking
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Tagging and Untagging Every port on an 802.1Q compliant switch can be configured as tagging or untagging. Ports with tagging enabled will put the VID number, priority and other VLAN information into the header of all packets that flow into and out of it.
Page 47 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide the destination port transmits it to its attached network segment. If the packet is not tagged with VLAN information, the ingress port will tag the packet with its own PVID as a VID (if the port is a tagging port).
Page 48: Ip Addresses
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide based on layer 2 information, but this does not constitute a ‘routing’ function. IP Addresses The Internet Protocol (IP) was designed for routing data between network sites. Later, it was adapted for routing between networks (referred to as “subnets”) within a site.
Page 49 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The dots are included to make the numbers easier to read. Eight binary bits are called a ‘byte’ or an ‘octet’. An octet can represent any decimal value between ‘0’ (00000000) and ‘255’...
Page 50: Address Classes
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Address Classes Address classes refer to the range of numbers in the subnet mask. Grouping the subnet masks into classes makes the task of dividing a network into subnets a bit easier.
Page 51: Subnet Masking
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide is the first octet (10.x.x.x). The node part of the address is the last three octets (x.42.73.210). To specify the network address for a given IP address, the node part is set to all “0”s. In our example, 10.0.0.0 specifies the network address for 10.42.73.210.
Page 52: Calculating The Number Of Subnets And Nodes
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide network (the broadcast address). This also applies to subnets. A subnet address cannot be all “0”s or all “1”s. A 1-bit subnet mask is also not allowed. Calculating the Number of Subnets and Nodes To calculate the number of subnets and nodes, use the formula –...
Page 53 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Subnetting reduces the number of possible nodes for a given network, but increases the segmentation of the network. Classless InterDomain Routing – CIDR Under CIDR, the subnet mask notation is reduced to simplified shorthand.
Page 54 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 255.255.255.2 104857 14680036 255.255.255.2 209715 12582900 255.255.255.2 419430 8388604 Table 5- 3. Class A Subnet Masks # of Subnet Mask CIDR # of # of Total Bits Notation Subnets Hosts Hosts 255.255.192...
Page 55: Internet Protocols
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 255.255.255.192 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252 Table 5- 5. Class C Subnet Masks Internet Protocols This is a brief introduction to the suite of Internet Protocols frequently referred to as TCP/IP. It is intended to give the reader a reasonable understanding of the available facilities and some familiarity with terminology.
Page 56 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5- 6. OSI Seven Layer Network Model Each layer is a distinct set of programs executing a distinct set of protocols designed to accomplish some necessary tasks. They are separated from the other layers within the same system or network, but must communicate and interoperate.
Page 57 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5- 7. The Protocol Stack Between two protocol stacks, members of the same layer are known as peers and communicate by well-known (open and published) protocols. Within a protocol stack, adjacent layers communicate by an internal interface.
Page 58 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide proprietary, but communication between peers on the same OSI layer is open and consistent. A brief description of the most commonly used functional layers is helpful to understand the scope of how protocol layering works.
Page 59 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The backbone of the Internet is built using Layer 3 functions. IP is the premier Layer 3 protocol. IP is itself, only one protocol in the IP protocol suite. More extensive capabilities are found in the other protocols of the IP suite.
Page 60 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Layer 7 This layer, known as the application layer, provides access to either the end user application software such as a database. Users communicate with the application, which in turn delivers data to the transport layer. Applications do not usually communicate directly with lower layers.
Page 61 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide messages into several Ethernet packets, and makes sure these packets are received and reassembled in the correct order. Because these functions are required by a large number of applications, they are grouped into a single protocol, rather than being the part of the specifications for just sending e-mail.
Page 62: Packet Headers
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Packet Headers Most data transmissions are much longer that a single packet. The data must then be divided up among a series of packets. These packets must be transmitted, received and then reassembled into the original data.
Page 63 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5- 8. TCP Packet Header When packets have been successfully received, TCP sends an acknowledgement. This is simply a packet that has the acknowledgement number field filled in. An acknowledgement number of 1000 indicates that all of the data up to octet 1000 has been received.
Page 64 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide TCP sends its packets to IP with the source and destination IP addresses. IP is only concerned with these IP addresses. It is not concerned with the contents of the packet or the TCP header.
Page 65 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The flags and fragment offset are used to keep track of packets that must be divided among several smaller packets to cross networks for which they are too large. The Time-to-Live (TTL) is the number of gateways the packet is allowed to cross between the source and destination.
Page 66 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 5- 10. Ethernet Packet Header When a packet is received, the headers are removed. The Ethernet Network Interface Card (NIC) removes the Ethernet header and checks the checksum. It then looks at the type code.
Page 67 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide computer requesting the file transfer must connect specifically to the FTP server on the computer that has the file. This is accomplished using sockets. A socket is a pair of TCP port numbers used to establish a connection from one computer to another.
Page 68 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Connection 2 10.42.73.23, 10.128.12.1 1235, 21 The same computers are making the connections, so the IP addresses are the same. Both computers are using the same well-known TCP port for the FTP server. The local FTP clients are using different TCP port numbers.
Page 69 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide UDP uses port numbers in a way that is directly analogous to TCP. There are well-known UDP port numbers for servers that use UDP. Figure 5- 11. UDP Packet Header The UDP header is shorter than a TCP header. UDP also uses a checksum to verify that data is received uncorrupted.
Page 70 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide members on the network. IGMP is used to determine whether the router should forward multicast packets it receives to the subnetworks it is attached to or not. A multicast router that has received a multicast packet will check to determine if there is at least one member of a multicast group that has requested to receive multicast packets from this source.
Page 71: Web-Based Switch Management
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ASED WITCH ANAGEMENT Introduction The DES-3250TG offers an embedded Web-based (HTML) interface allowing users to manage the switch from anywhere on the network through a standard browser such as Netscape Navigator/Communicator or Microsoft Internet Explorer. The Web browser acts as a universal access tool and can communicate directly with the Switch using the HTTP protocol.
Page 72: Before You Start
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Before You Start The DES-3250TG switch supports a wide array of functions and gives great flexibility and increased network performance by eliminating the routing bottleneck between the WAN or Internet and the Intranet. Its function in a network can be thought of as a new generation of router that performs routing functions in hardware, rather than software.
Page 73: Configuring The Switch
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide In the page that opens, click on the Login to make a setup button: Figure 6- 1. Login button This opens the management module’s main page. The switch management features available in the Web-based manager are explained below.
Page 74 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 3. User Account Modify Table window 1. Enter the new user name, assign an initial password, and then confirm the new password. Determine whether the new user should have Admin or User privileges.
Page 75: Save Changes
You can logon again and are now ready to continue configuring the Switch. Save Changes The DES-3250TG has two levels of memory; normal RAM and non-volatile or NV-RAM. Configuration changes are made effective by clicking the Apply button. When this is done, the settings will be immediately applied to the switching software in RAM, and will immediately take effect.
Page 76 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Some settings, though, require you to restart the switch before they will take effect. Restarting the switch erases all settings in RAM and reloads the stored settings from the NV-RAM. Thus, it is necessary to save all setting changes to NV-RAM before rebooting the switch.
Page 77: Using Web-Based Management
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Using Web-Based Management Setting up Web Management Before running Web-based management, some basic configuration of the switch may need to be performed. The following at a minimum must be configured or known for the switch to be managed: •...
Page 78 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The IP address may alternatively be set using the Command Line Interface (CLI) over the console serial port as follows: 1. Starting at the command line prompt, enter the commands config ipif System ipaddress xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yyy.yyy.yyy.yyy.
Page 79 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 6. Save Configuration window Starting and Stopping the Web-based Manager Do the following to use the Web-based manager: 1. Start a Java-enabled Web browser from any machine with network access to the switch.
Page 80 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 7. Password dialog box 1. There is no default User Name or Password. Click the OK button to continue. The default user has Admin privileges. 2. The full application will now launch. A three-frame page will display with a switch graphic located in the upper right hand frame.
Page 81 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Areas of the User Interface The figure below shows the user interface. The user interface is divided into 3 distinct areas as described in the table. Area 1 Area 2 Area 3 Figure 6- 8.
Page 82: Configuration
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Allows the selection of commands. Presents switch information based on your selection and the entry of configuration data. This section, arranged by topic, describes how to perform common monitoring configuration tasks DES-3250TG switch using the Web-based Manager, you can perform any of the tasks described in the following sections.
Page 83 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 9. IP Address Settings window Note: The switch’s factory default IP address is 10.90.90.90 with a subnet mask of 255.0.0.0 and a default gateway of 0.0.0.0. To manually assign the switch’s IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway address: Select Manual from the Get IP From drop-down menu.
Page 84 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To use the BOOTP or DHCP protocols to assign the switch an IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway address: Use the Get IP From pull-down menu to choose from Manual, BOOTP, or DHCP. This selects how the switch will be assigned an IP address on the next reboot (or startup).
Page 85 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide number (represented decimal form) between 0 and 255. This address should be a unique address on the network assigned for use by the network administrator. fields which require entries under this option...
Page 86: Switch Information
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide switch in-band unless their addresses entered Management Station IP Addresses field. The default VLAN is named default and contains all of the switch’s ports. There are no entries in the Management Station IP Addresses table, by default −...
Page 87: Advanced Settings
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide This window shows which (if any) external modules are installed, and the switch’s MAC Address (assigned by the factory and unchangeable). In addition, the Boot PROM Version and Firmware Version numbers are shown. This information is helpful to keep track of PROM and firmware updates and to obtain the switch’s MAC address for entry into...
Page 88 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description serial_port auto Set the age out timer for the serial port logout time<Never> to 2 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, or Never.
Page 89: Port Configuration
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide RMON Status To enable RMON capability, toggle <Disabled> Disabled to Enabled. 802.1x Status To enable 802.1x port control access on a global basis, toggle Disabled to Enabled. Port Configuration Click the Port Configuration link in the Configuration menu:...
Page 90 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide...
Page 91 Use the Speed/Duplex pull-down menu to select the speed and duplex/half-duplex state of the port. The Auto setting allows the port to automatically determine the fastest settings the port on the device connected to the DES-3250TG can handle, and then use those settings. The other options for ports...
Page 92: Port Mirroring
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide available on the 1000BASE-T module. In addition, the fiber port will always be the highest priority. The following fields can be set: Parameter Description From and To Enter the desired range of ports to be configured in these fields.
Page 93 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 13. Setup Port Mirroring window The target port is where information will be duplicated and sent for capture and network analysis. This is the port where a network analyzer would be attached to capture packets duplicated from the source port.
Page 94: Link Aggregation
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide forwarded to the Target port. None Selecting this option prevents any packets from either being received or transmitted. Ingress Selecting this option mirrors only received packets. Egress Selecting this option mirrors only transmitted packets.
Page 95 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The configuration of the Master Port in the group becomes the configuration for all of the ports in the aggregation group. All configuration options – including the VLAN configuration – that can be applied to the Master Port are applied to the entire link aggregation group.
Page 96 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 15. Port Link Aggregation Settings window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Group ID Allows the entry of a number used to identify the link aggregation group −...
Page 97: Igmp
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide aggregation group. IGMP To configure IGMP Snooping: From the Configuration menu, select the IGMP folder, and then click IGMP Snooping to open the following window: Figure 6- 16. Current IGMP Snooping Group Entries window...
Page 98 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 17. IGMP Snooping Settings window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description VLAN ID Allows the entry of the VLAN ID for which IGMP Snooping is to be configured.
Page 99 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide seconds. This specifies length of time between sending IGMP queries. Response Sets the maximum amount of time Time allowed before sending an IGMP response report. A value between 1 and 25 seconds can be entered, with a default of 10 seconds.
Page 100 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide leave group message from a host, and the switch issuing a group membership query. If the switch does not receive a response from the group membership query before the Leave Timer expires, the forwarding...
Page 101 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide • IGMP queries (from the router port) will be flooded to all ports. • All UDP multicast packets will be forwarded to the router port. Because routers do not send IGMP reports...
Page 102: Spanning Tree
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields are displayed: Parameter Description Displays the name of the VLAN ID the static router port belongs to. VLAN Name Displays the name of the VLAN the static router port belongs to.
Page 103 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 20. Switch Spanning Tree Settings window Note: The factory default setting should cover the majority of installations. It is advisable to keep the default settings as...
Page 104 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide set at the factory unless it is absolutely necessary to change them. The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Spanning Tree This field can be toggled between Protocol Enabled and Disabled using the pull- <Disabled>...
Page 105 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Bridge Priority (0- A Bridge Priority for the switch can 65535 Sec) be set from 0 to 65535. This number <32768> is used in the voting process between switches network determine which switch will be the root switch.
Page 106 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide STP Port Settings The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) operates on two levels: on the switch level, the settings are globally implemented. On the port level, the settings are implemented on a user-defined Group of ports basis.
Page 107 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide...
Page 108 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 21. STP Port Settings window In addition to setting Spanning Tree parameters for use on the switch level, the switch allows for the configuration of a group of ports. This STP Group will use the switch-level parameters entered above, with the addition of Port Priority and Port Cost.
Page 109 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description From and To Consecutive groups of ports may be configured starting with the selected port. Toggle to enable STP on the selected State<Disabled> ports.
Page 110: Forwarding Filtering
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide of the segment. Edge <No> Select Yes or No. Choosing Yes designates the port as an edge port. Edge ports cannot create loops, however an edge port can lose edge port status if a topology change creates a potential for a loop.
Page 111 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 22. Setup Static Unicast Forwarding Table window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description VLAN ID Allows the entry of the VLAN ID of the VLAN the MAC address below is a member of −...
Page 112 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Multicast MAC Address Forwarding Multicast MAC addresses can be statically entered into the switch’s MAC Address Forwarding Table. These addresses will never age out. To enter a Multicast MAC address into the switch’s...
Page 113: Vlans
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Allows the entry of the VLAN ID of the VLAN the MAC address below is a member of. Multicast Allows the entry of the multicast...
Page 114 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 25. 802.1Q Static VLANs window To delete an existing 802.1Q VLAN, click the corresponding click-box to the left of the VLAN you want to delete from the switch and then click the Delete button.
Page 115 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To edit an existing 802.1Q VLAN, click the corresponding pointer icon in the Modify column on the 802.1Q Static VLANs window. The following window will open: Figure 6- 27. (Modify) 802.1Q Static VLAN window The following fields can then be set in either of the two 802.1Q...
Page 116 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Advertisement Advertising enabled disabled using this pull-down menu. Advertising allows members to join this VLAN through GVRP. Port Allows an individual port to be specified as member of a VLAN. Tagged/None Allows an individual port to be specified as Tagging.
Page 117 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide the VLAN and that the port is forbidden from becoming a member of the VLAN dynamically. The 802.1Q Port Settings window, shown below, allows you to determine whether the switch will share its VLAN configuration information with other GVRP (GARP VLAN Registration Protocol)-enabled switches.
Page 118 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide...
Page 119 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 28. 802.1Q Port Settings window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description From and To Enter the desired ports in these two fields. PVID Port VLAN Identifier classification mechanism...
Page 120: Port Bandwidth
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide PVID of 3, then all untagged packets received on port #2 will be assigned to VLAN 3. This number is generally same as the VID# number assigned to the port in the Modify 802.1Q VLANs menu above.
Page 121 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide...
Page 122: Sntp Settings
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 29. Bandwidth Settings window To use the bandwidth feature, enter the port or range of ports in the From and To fields. The third field allows you to set the type of packets being received and/or transmitted by the Switch.
Page 123 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide specified in RFC-1305 [MIL92], NTP is used to synchronize computer clocks global Internet. provides comprehensive mechanisms to access national time and frequency dissemination services, organize time- synchronization subnet, and adjust the local clock in each participating subnet peer.
Page 124 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 30. Current Time window To use SNTP, toggle the SNTP State in the Current Time: SNTP Settings section to Enabled and enter the IP address of the relay the SNTP Primary Server and/or the SNTP Secondary Server.
Page 125 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To make time zone and Daylight Savings Time changes to the SNTP configuration, click SNTP Settings in the Configuration folder and then click Time Zone and DST: Figure 6- 31. Time Zone and DST Settings window This window allows you to set the Daily Saving Time repeated and annual settings.
Page 126: Port Security
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Port Security A given port’s (or a range of port’s) dynamic MAC address learning can be locked such that the current source MAC addresses entered into the MAC address forwarding table can not be changed once the port lock is enabled.
Page 127 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide...
Page 128 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 32. Port Security Settings window The following fields can be set: Parameter Description From & To Use this to specify a consecutively numbered group of ports on the switch for configuration.
Page 129: Qos (Quality Of Service)
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide (FDB). Specify Delete On Reset to delete <Delete On Reset> all FDB entries, including static entries upon system reset or rebooting. QOS (Quality of Service) The DES-3250TG switch supports 802.1p priority queuing.
Page 130 The possible range for maximum latency is: 0 to 255 (in increments of 16 microseconds each). Remember that the DES-3250TG has four priority queues (and thus four Classes of Service) for each port on the switch. Configuring QOS Output Scheduling...
Page 131 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide queue timer. When it expires, it overrides the round-robin and gives the priority queue that it was set for access to the transmit buffer. There is a small amount of additional latency introduced because the priority queue that is transmitting at the time the Max.
Page 132 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide...
Page 133 0 − the lowest priority − to 7 − the highest priority. Configuring 802.1p User Priority The DES-3250TG allows the assignment of a Class of Traffic to each of the 802.1p priorities. Click 802.1p user_priority in the QoS folder on the...
Page 134: Traffic Control
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 35. QoS Class of Traffic window Once you have assigned a maximum number of packets and a maximum latency to a given Class of Service on the switch, you can then assign this Class to each of the eight levels of 802.1p priorities.
Page 135 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 36. Traffic Control Setting window The following fields can be set: Group <1> Select the desired group of ports from the drop-down menu. Broadcast Storm This field can be toggled between <Disabled>...
Page 136 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide triggered at the threshold set above. Destination This field can be toggled between Lookup Fail Enabled and Disabled using the <Disabled> drop-down menu. This enables or disables, globally, Switch’s reaction Destination Address Unknown storms, triggered at the threshold set above.
Page 137 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide...
Page 138: Access Profile Table
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 37. Traffic Segmentation Setting window Enter a source port number in the first field and the range of the ports that you want to segment in the second field. For example, if you enter “5”...
Page 139 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide can be specified on a basis of VLAN, MAC address, or IP address. Creating an access profile is divided into two basic parts. The first is to specify which part or parts of a frame the switch will examine, such as the MAC source address or the IP destination address.
Page 140 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 39. Access Profile (Ethernet) Configuration window...
Page 141 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 40. Access Profile (IP) Configuration window Configure the following Access Profile settings: Parameter Description Profile ID (1- Type in a unique identifier number for 255) this profile set. This value can be set from 1 to 255.
Page 142 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Vlan Selecting this option instructs the switch to examine the VLAN part of each packet header and use this as the, or part of the criterion for forwarding. Source MAC/IP Source MAC Mask - Enter a MAC...
Page 143 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Protocol (ICMP) field in each frame’s header. Select type to further specify that the access profile will apply an ICMP type value, or specify code to further specify that the access profile will apply an ICMP cod value.
Page 144 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide mask for the destination port in hex form (hex 0x0-0xffff). Mode Select permit to specify that the packets that match access profile forwarded by the switch according to any additional rule added (see below).
Page 145 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 42. Access Rule Configuration window Configure the following Access Rule Configuration settings (additional parameters are described in earlier sections): Parameter Description Profile ID This is the identifier number for this profile set.
Page 146: Pae Access Entity
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide priority replace the 802.1p value (in a packet that meets the selected criteria). In this way, packets meeting the criteria can have their priority handling modified for use within the switch, and then have a different priority value assigned when they leave the switch.
Page 147 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide...
Page 148 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 43. First 802.1X Authenticator Settings window Click the selection button on the far left that corresponds to the port you want to configure...
Page 149 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 44. Second 802.1X Authenticator Settings window Configure the following 802.1x port settings: Parameter Description Port Port being configured for 802.1x settings. AdmDir From the pull-down menu, select whether a controlled Port that is...
Page 150 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Ctl Stat This displays whether a controlled Port that is unauthorized will exert control over communication in both receiving transmitting directions, just receiving direction. PortControl From the pull-down menu, select forceAuthorized, forceUnauthorized or auto −...
Page 151 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ReAuth/ Enable or disable re-authentication. ReAuth Enabled Port Capability Settings Existing 802.1x port settings are displayed and can be configured using the window below. Click Port Capability Settings on the PAE Access Entity folder on the Configuration menu to open the 802.1X...
Page 152 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide...
Page 153 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 45. 802.1X Capability Settings window To set up the switch’s 802.1x port-based authentication, select which ports are to be configured in the From and To fields. Next, enable the ports by selecting Authenticator from the drop- down menu under Capability.
Page 154 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Authenticator − A user must pass the authentication process gain access to the network. None − The port is not controlled by the 802.1x functions. Initialize Port(s) Existing 802.1x port settings are displayed and can be configured using the window below.
Page 155 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide MAC Address The MAC address of the switch where the port resides. Auth PAE State The Authenticator PAE State will display one of the following: Initialize, Disconnected, Connecting, Authenticating, Authenticated, Aborting, Held, ForceAuth, ForceUnauth, and N/A.
Page 156 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 47. Reauthenticate Port window This window displays the following information: Parameter Description Port The port number. MAC Address The MAC address of the switch where the port resides. Auth State...
Page 157 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide RADIUS Server The RADIUS feature of the switch allows you to facilitate centralized user administration as well as providing protection against a sniffing, active hacker. The Web Manager offers three windows. Click Radius Server on the PAE Access Entity folder on the...
Page 158: Management
Delete an entry on the table in the bottom half of this window. Management The DES-3250TG allows you to manage the switch via the Management menu. The menu consists of the following folders and screens: Security IP, User Accounts, and SNMPV3. See below for further description.
Page 159 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide such as SNMP v1 or to be able to access the Switch using the Telnet protocol or the Web Manager. To setup the switch for remote management: Click the Security IP link in the Management menu: Figure 6- 49.
Page 160: User Accounts
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide User Accounts From the Management menu, click User Accounts and then the User Account Management window appears. Figure 6- 50. User Account Management window Click Add to add a user. Figure 6- 51. User Account Modify Table window 1.
Page 161: Snmpv3
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide (including User additions or updates) must be entered into non-volatile ram using the Save Changes command on the Maintenance menu - if you want these changes to be permanent. SNMPV3 The DES-3250TG supports the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) versions 1, 2c, and 3.
Page 162 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 52. SNMP View Table window To delete an existing SNMP View Table entry, click the selection button in the Delete column on the far right that corresponds to the port you want to configure. To create a new entry, click the Add button, a separate window will appear.
Page 163 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide View Name Type an alphanumeric string of up to characters. This used identify the new SNMP view being created. Subtree OID Type Object Identifier (OID) Subtree view. identifies an object tree (MIB tree) that will be included or excluded from access by an SNMP manager.
Page 164 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 54. SNMP Group Table window To delete an existing entry, click the selection button in the Delete column on the far right that corresponds to the port you want to remove. To create a new entry, click the Add button, a separate window will appear.
Page 165 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To display the current SNMP Group Table Configuration, click the Group Name in the first column of the SNMP Group Table window. Figure 6- 56. SNMP Group Table Display window The following parameters are used in the SNMP Group Table...
Page 166 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide SNMP agent. Security Model Use the pull-down menu to select the SNMP version. Select one of the following: SNMPv1 – Specifies that SNMP version 1 will be used. SNMPv2 – Specifies that SNMP version 2c will be used.
Page 167 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide that packets sent between the switch and a remote SNMP manger will be encrypted. SNMP Community Table Use this table to create an SNMP community string to define the relationship between the SNMP manager and an agent. The...
Page 168 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To delete an existing entry, click the selection button in the Delete column on the far right that corresponds to the port you want to configure. To create a new entry, configure the parameters as desired in the top part of the window above and click the Apply button.
Page 169 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide community string created with this command can read from and write to the contents of the MIBs on the switch. SNMP Engine ID The Engine ID is a unique identifier used for SNMP V3 implementations.
Page 170 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide want to remove. To create a new entry, click the Add button, a separate window will appear. Figure 6- 60. SNMP Host Table Configuration window Parameter Description Host IP Address Type the IP address of the remote management station that will serve as the SNMP host for the switch.
Page 171 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide SNMP User Table Use the SNMP User Table to create a new SNMP user and add the user to an existing SNMP group or to a newly created group. Figure 6- 61. SNMP User Table window...
Page 172 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To display the current SNMP User Table Configuration, click the User Name in the first column of the SNMP User Table window. Figure 6- 63. SNMP User Table Display window The following parameters are used in the SNMP User Table...
Page 173 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 1 will be used. V2 – To specify that SNMP version 2 will be used. V3 – To specify that the SNMP version 3 will be used. If Encryption (V3 only) is...
Page 174: Monitoring
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Monitoring The DES-3250TG provides extensive network monitoring capabilities that can be viewed under the Monitoring menu. The menu consists of the following folders and screens: Port Utilization, Packets, Errors, Size, MAC Address, IGMP Snooping Group, IGMP Snooping Forwarding, VLAN Status, Router Port, and Port Access Control.
Page 175 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 64. Utilization window Click the port on the front panel display that you want to display port utilization. The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Time Interval [1s ]...
Page 176: Packets
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The default value is 20. Show/Hide Check to display Utilization. Clear Clicking this button clears statistics counters on this window. Packets The Web Manager allows various packet statistics to be viewed as either a line graph or a table. Six windows are offered.
Page 177 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 66. Rx Packets Analysis window (table for Bytes and Packets) The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Time Interval [1s ] Select the desired setting between 1s 60s, where “s”...
Page 178 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Packets Counts number packets received on the port. Show/Hide Check whether to display Bytes and Packets. Clear Clicking this button clears statistics counters on this window. View Table Clicking this button instructs the Switch to display a table rather than a line graph.
Page 179 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide UMB-cast (RX) Figure 6- 67. Rx Packets Analysis window (line graph for Unicast, Multicast, and Broadcast Packets)
Page 180 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 68. Rx Packets Analysis window (table for Unicast, Multicast, and Broadcast Packets) The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Time Interval [1s ] Select the desired setting between 1s...
Page 181 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide unicast address. Multicast Counts the total number of good packets that were received by a multicast address. Broadcast Counts the total number of good packets that were received by a broadcast address.
Page 182 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Transmitted (TX) Figure 6- 69. Tx Packets Analysis window (line graph for Bytes and Packets)
Page 183 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 70. Tx Packets Analysis window (table for Bytes and Packets) The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Time Interval [1s ] Select the desired setting between 1s 60s, where “s”...
Page 184: Errors
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Packets Counts number packets successfully sent on the port. Show/Hide Check whether or not to display Bytes and Packets. Clear Clicking this button clears statistics counters on this window. View Table Clicking this button instructs the Switch to display a table rather than a line graph.
Page 185 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Received (RX) Figure 6- 71. Rx Error Analysis window (line graph)
Page 186 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 72. Rx Error Analysis window (table) The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Time Interval [1s ] Select the desired setting between 1s 60s, where “s” stands seconds. The default value is one second.
Page 187 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide are less than the minimum permitted frame size of 64 bytes and have a good CRC. Undersize frames usually indicate collision fragments, normal network occurrence. OverSize Counts packets received that were longer than 1518 octets, or if a VLAN frame 1522 octets, and less than the MAX_PKT_LEN.
Page 188 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide than a table. Transmitted (TX) Figure 6- 73. Tx Error Analysis window (line graph)
Page 189 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 74. Tx Error Analysis window (table) The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Time Interval [1s ] Select the desired setting between 1s 60s, where “s” stands seconds. The default value is one second.
Page 190: Size
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide LateColl Counts the number of times that a collision is detected later than 512 bit-times into the transmission of a packet. Show/Hide Check whether or not to display ExDefer, LateColl, ExColl, SingColl, and Coll errors.
Page 191 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 75. Rx Size Analysis window (line graph)
Page 192 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 76. Rx Size Analysis window (table) The following fields can be set: Parameter Description Time Interval [1s ] Select the desired setting between 1s 60s, where “s” stands seconds. The default value is one second.
Page 193 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide 65-127 total number packets (including bad packets) received that were between 65 and 127 octets in length inclusive (excluding framing bits but including FCS octets). 128-255 total number packets (including bad packets) received that...
Page 194: Mac Address
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide statistics counters on this window. View Table Clicking this button instructs the switch to display a table rather than a line graph. View Line Chart Clicking this button instructs the Switch to display a line graph rather than a table.
Page 195 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 77. MAC Address Table window The following fields can be set:...
Page 196: Igmp Snooping Group
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Parameter Description VLAN ID Enter a VLAN ID for the forwarding table to be browsed by. MAC Address Enter address forwarding table to be browsed by. Port Enter port number forwarding table to be browsed by.
Page 197 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide packets that pass through the switch. The number of IGMP reports that were snooped is displayed in the Reports field. To view the IGMP Snooping table, click IGMP Snooping Group on the Monitoring menu: Figure 6- 78.
Page 198: Igmp Snooping Forwarding
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide IGMP Snooping Forwarding To view the IGMP Snooping Forwarding Table, click IGMP Snooping Forwarding on the Monitoring menu: Figure 6- 79. IGMP Snooping Forwarding Table window Enter the VLAN ID for the desired IGMP Snooping Forwarding...
Page 199: Vlan Status
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide VLAN Status Figure 6- 80. VLAN Status window This read-only window displays information about the switch’s current VLAN configuration. Router Port This displays which of the switch’s ports are currently configured as router ports. A router port configured by a user...
Page 200: Port Access Control
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Figure 6- 81. Router Port window Static router ports are configured by the user and dynamically assigned router ports are configured by the switch. Port Access Control To view the Authenticator Status for Auth PAE State,...
Page 201: Maintenance
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Maintenance The Maintenance menu consists of the following folders and screens: TFTP Services, Switch History, Ping Test, Save Changes, Reboot Services, and Logout. See below for further description. TFTP Utilities Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) services allow the switch firmware to be upgraded by transferring a new firmware file from a TFTP server to the switch.
Page 202 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The TFTP server must be on the same IP subnet as the switch. Enter the path and the filename to the firmware file on the TFTP server. The TFTP server must be running TFTP server software to perform the file transfer.
Page 203 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Upload Settings to TFTP Server To download a configuration file for the switch, click on the Maintenance menu and then the TFTP Services folder and finally click on the Upload Settings to TFTP Server link: Figure 6- 85.
Page 204: Switch History
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Enter the IP address of the TFTP server and the path and filename for the history log on the TFTP server. Click Start to initiate the file transfer. Switch History This allows the Switch History log to be viewed. The switch records all traps, in sequence, that identify events on the switch.
Page 205: Ping Test
The Infinite times checkbox, in the Repeat Pinging for section, tells PING to keep sending data packets to the specified IP address until the program is stopped. Save Changes The DES-3250TG has two levels of memory, normal RAM and non-volatile or NV-RAM.
Page 206: Reboot Services
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide To retain any configuration changes permanently, highlight Save Changes on the Maintenance menu. The following screen will appear to verify that your new settings have been saved to NV-RAM. Figure 6- 89. Save Configuration window Once the switch configuration settings have been saved to NV- RAM, they become the default settings for the switch.
Page 207: Reset System
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Reboot Figure 6- 90. Reboot window Reset Figure 6- 91. Reset window Reset System Figure 6- 92. Reset System window...
Page 208: Logout
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Reset Config Figure 6- 93. Reset Config window Logout Figure 6- 94. Logout Web Setup window Click Apply if you want to logout of the Web configuration program and return to the main page.
Page 209: Warranty And Registration
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ARRANTY AND EGISTRATION All countries and regions except USA Wichtige Sicherheitshinweise Bitte lesen Sie sich diese Hinweise sorgfältig durch. Heben Sie diese Anleitung für den spätern Gebrauch auf. Vor jedem Reinigen ist das Gerät vom Stromnetz zu trennen. Vervenden Sie keine Flüssig- oder Aerosolreiniger.
Page 210: Limitation Of Liability
ACCIDENT, FIRE, LIGHTNING OR OTHER HAZARD. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY IN NO EVENT WILL D-LINK BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, LOSS OF PROFITS, COST OF COVER OR OTHER INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INDIRECT DAMAGES ARISING OUT THE INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE, USE, PERFORMANCE, FAILURE OR INTERRUPTION OF A D- LINK PRODUCT, HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY.
Page 211: Limited Warranty
This Warranty applies on the condition that the product Registration Card is filled out and returned to a D-Link office within ninety (90) days of purchase. A list of D-Link offices is provided at the back of this manual, together with a copy of the Registration Card.
Page 212: Usa Only
D-Link with such software product, for a period of ninety (90) days from the date of purchase from D-Link or its Authorized Reseller. D-Link warrants the magnetic media, on which D-Link provides its software product, against failure during the same warranty period.
Page 213 If a material defect is incapable of correction, or if D-Link determines in its sole discretion that it is not practical to repair or replace the defective Hardware, the price paid by the original purchaser for the defective Hardware will be refunded by D-Link upon return to D-Link of the defective Hardware.
Page 214 Expedited shipping is available if shipping charges are prepaid by the customer. D-Link may reject or return any product that is not packaged and shipped in strict compliance with the foregoing requirements, or for which an RMA number is not visible from the outside of the package.
Page 215 PRODUCT RETURNED TO D-LINK FOR WARRANTY SERVICE) RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, RELATING TO WARRANTY SERVICE, OR ARISING OUT OF ANY BREACH OF THIS LIMITED WARRANTY, EVEN IF D-LINK HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THE SOLE REMEDY FOR A BREACH OF THE FOREGOING LIMITED WARRANTY IS REPAIR, REPLACEMENT OR REFUND OF THE DEFECTIVE OR NON-CONFORMING PRODUCT.
Page 216: Technical Specifications
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide ECHNICAL PECIFICATIONS General Standards: IEEE 802.3 10BASE-T Ethernet IEEE 802.3u 100BASE-TX Fast Ethernet IEEE 802.3z 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802.3ab 1000BASE-T Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802.1 P/Q VLAN IEEE 802.3x Full-duplex Flow Control ANSI/IEEE 802.3 Nway auto-negotiation...
Page 217: Physical And Environmental
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide General Network Cables: 10BASE-T: 2-pair UTP Cat. 3,4,5 (100 m) EIA/TIA- 568 100-ohm STP (100 m) 100BASE-TX: 2-pair UTP Cat. 5 (100 m) EIA/TIA-568 100-ohm STP (100 m) Mini GBIC: IEC 793-2:1992 Type A1a - 50/125um multimode Type A1b - 62.5/125um multimode...
Page 218 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Physical and Environmental mount width Weight: 4.4 kg EMI: FCC Class A, CE Class A Safety: CSA International Performance Transmission Method: Store-and-forward RAM Buffer: 64M Bytes per device Filtering Address 8K MAC address per device...
Page 219: Protocol
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide NDERSTANDING AND ROUBLESHOOTING THE PANNING ROTOCOL When the spanning-tree algorithm determines a port should be transitioned to the forwarding state, the following occurs: • The port is put into the listening state where it receives BPDUs and passes them to the switch’s CPU.
Page 220: Blocking State
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Blocking State A port in the blocking state does not forward packets. When the switch is booted, a BPDU is sent to each port in the switch putting these ports into the blocking state. A switch initially assumes it is the root, and then begins the exchange of BPDUs with other switches.
Page 221: Listening State
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Listening State The listening state is the first transition for a port from the blocking state. Listening is an opportunity for the switch to receive BPDUs that may tell the switch that the port should...
Page 222 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide return to the blocking state (that is, a different port is a better choice). There is no address learning or packet forwarding from a port in the listening state. A port in the listening state does the following: •...
Page 223: Learning State
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Learning State A port in the learning state prepares to participate in frame forwarding. The port enters the learning state from the listening state.
Page 224 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide A port in the learning state does the following: • Discards frames received from the network segment to which it is attached. • Discards packets sent from another port on the switch for forwarding.
Page 225: Forwarding State
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Forwarding State A port in the forwarding state forwards packets. The port enters the forwarding state from the learning state when the forward delay timer expires.
Page 226 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide A port in the forwarding state does the following: • Forwards packets received from the network segment to which it is attached. • Forwards packets sent from another port on the switch for forwarding.
Page 227 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Disabled State A port in the disabled state does not participate in frame forwarding or STP. A port in the disabled state is virtually non- operational.
Page 228 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide A disabled port does the following: • Discards packets received from the network segment to which it is attached. • Discards packets sent from another port on the switch for forwarding. •...
Page 229 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide...
Page 230 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Troubleshooting STP Spanning Tree Protocol Failure A failure in the STA generally leads to a bridging loop. A bridging loop in an STP environment comes from a port that should be in the blocking state, but is forwarding packets.
Page 231 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide There are a number of circumstances in which the STA can fail – mostly related to the loss of a large number of BPDUs. These situations will cause a port in the blocking state to transition to the forwarding state.
Page 232: Unidirectional Link
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide BPDUs) will be dropped. If the BPDUs sent from A to B are dropped for longer than the MAX AGE, B will lose its connection to the root (A) and will unblock its connection to C.
Page 233 If the MAX AGE is set too low, this time is reduced. Resource Errors The DES-3250TG Layer 2 switch performs its switching and routing functions primarily in hardware, using specialized ASICs. STP is implemented in software and is thus reliant upon the speed of the CPU and other factors to converge.
Page 234 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Identifying a Data Loop Broadcast storms have a very similar effect on the network to data loops, but broadcast storm controls in modern switches have (along with subnetting and other network practices) have been very effective in controlling broadcast storms.
Page 235: Brief Review Of Bitwise Logical Operations
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide RIEF EVIEW OF ITWISE OGICAL PERATIONS The logical operation compares 2 bits and if they are both “ then the result is otherwise, the result is 1”, “1”, “0”. The logical operation compares 2 bits and if either or both...
Page 236 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide The logical NOT operation simply changes the value of a single bit. If it is a the result is if it is a the result is This “1”, “0”, “0”, “1”. operation is carried out on a single bit.
Page 237: Index
DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide NDEX AC inputs .......208 Egress port....... 33 AC power cord......6 End Node......... 16 Accessory pack ......6 Ethernet protocol ....... 5 Admin ........66 Aging Time, definition of ..27 Aging Time, range of ....27 Flash memory ......
Page 238 DES-3250TG Layer 2 Fast Ethernet Switch User’s Guide Management Information Base Setting an IP Address ..22, 69 (MIB) ........25 Setting Up The Switch .... 74 master port .......30 Setting Up Web Management . 69 Max. Age ......96, 97 Spanning Tree Algorithm..4 MIB..........25...
Page 239 TEL: 1-905-829-5033 FAX: 1-905-829-5095 BBS: 1-965-279-8732 TOLL FREE: 1-800-354-6522 URL: www.dlink.ca FTP: ftp.dlinknet.com E-MAIL: techsup@dlink.ca Chile D-Link South America Isidora Goyenechea 2934 Of. 702, Las Condes Fono, 2323185, Santiago, Chile, S. A. TEL: 56-2-232-3185 FAX: 56-2-232-0923 URL: www.dlink.cl E-MAIL: ccasassu@dlink.cl & tsilva@dlink.cl...
Page 240 Le Florilege, No. 2, Allea de la Fresnerie, 78330 Fontenay Le Fleury, France TEL: 33-1-3023-8688 FAX: 33-1-3023-8689 URL: www.dlink-france.fr E-MAIL: info@dlink-france.fr Germany D-Link Central Europe/D-Link Deutschland GmbH Schwalbacher Strasse 74, D-65760 Eschborn, Germany TEL: 49-6196-77990 FAX: 49-6196-7799300 URL: www.dlink.de BBS: 49-(0) 6192-971199 (analog) BBS: 49-(0) 6192-971198 (ISDN)
Page 241 D-Link South Africa Unit 2, Parkside, 86 Oak Avenue, Highveld Technopark, Centurion, Gauteng, South Africa TEL: 27 (0) 12-665-2165 FAX: 27 (0) 12-665-2186 URL: www.d-link.co.za E-MAIL: attie@d-link.co.za Spain D-Link Iberia C/Sabino De Arana, 56 Bajos, 08028 Barcelona, Spain TEL: 34 93 4090770 FAX: 34 93 4910795 URL: www.dlinkiberia.es E-MAIL: info@dlinkiberia.es...
Page 242 U.S.A. D-Link U.S.A. 53 Discovery Drive, Irvine, CA 92618, USA TEL: 1-949-788-0805 FAX: 1-949-753-7033 BBS: 1-949-455-1779 & 1-949-455-9616 INFO: 1-800-326-1688 URL: www.dlink.com E-MAIL: tech@dlink.com & support@dlink.com...
Page 243: Registration Card
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