GE Multilin EPM 2200 Instruction Manual page 20

POWER QUALITY
1–14
In his book Power Quality Primer, Barry Kennedy provided information on different
types of power quality problems. Some of that information is summarized in Table 1.3.
Table 1.3: Typical Power Quality Problems and Sources
Cause
Impulse transient
Oscillatory
transient with decay
Sag/swell
Interruptions
Under voltage/over
voltage
Voltage flicker
Harmonic distortion
It is often assumed that power quality problems originate with the utility. While it is
true that power quality problems can originate with the utility system, many problems
originate with customer equipment. Customer-caused problems may manifest
themselves inside the customer location or they may be transported by the utility
system to another adjacent customer. Often, equipment that is sensitive to power
quality problems may in fact also be the cause of the problem.
If a power quality problem is suspected, it is generally wise to consult a power quality
professional for assistance in defining the cause and possible solutions to the
problem.
CHAPTER 1: THREE-PHASE POWER MEASUREMENT
Disturbance Type
Transient voltage disturbance,
sub-cycle duration
Transient voltage, sub-cycle
duration
RMS voltage, multiple cycle
duration
RMS voltage, multiple
seconds or longer duration
RMS voltage, steady state, multiple
seconds or longer
duration
RMS voltage, steady state,
repetitive condition
Steady state current or voltage,
long-term duration
EPM 2200 POWER METER – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
Source
Lightning
Electrostatic discharge
Load switching
Capacitor switching
Line/cable switching
Capacitor switching
Load switching
Remote system faults
System protection
Circuit breakers
Fuses
Maintenance
Motor starting
Load variations
Load dropping
Intermittent loads
Motor starting
Arc furnaces
Non-linear loads
System resonance