Page 1 VERTICAL HORIZON VH-2402-L3 FAST ETHERNET SWITCH MANAGEMENT GUIDE 9033691-01...
Page 2 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide...
Page 3 Enterasys Networks reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The reader should in all cases consult Enterasys Networks to determine whether any such changes have been made. The hardware, firmware, or software described in this manual is subject to change without notice.
Page 4: Table Of Contents
Configuring VLANs.............. 34 VLANs by Switch Operating Mode........34 Setting Up IP Interfaces ............43 Multicasting ................. 47 Layer 2 Multicast Setup............47 IGMP Snooping Settings............. 48 IEEE 802.1Q Multicast Forwarding........49 Static Router Port Settings..........51 iv VH-2402-L3 Management Guide...
Page 5 GVRP Status Table .............99 Browse Router Port ............100 IGMP Snooping Table ............101 Layer 3 Network Monitoring..........103 IP Address Forwarding Table ..........104 Routing Table ..............104 ARP Table .................105 IP Multicast Forwarding Table ...........106 IGMP Group Table ............107 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide v...
Page 6 User-Changeable STA Parameters ........123 Illustration of STP.............. 124 Port Trunking..............126 VLANs ................128 Notes About VLANs on the VH-2402-L3......128 IEEE 802.1Q VLANs ............129 802.1Q VLAN Packet Forwarding........129 802.1Q VLAN Tags ............130 Port VLAN ID..............132 Tagging and Untagging.............
Page 7 RIP 1 Message ..............176 RIP 1 Route Interpretation..........177 RIP Version 2 Extensions..........177 RIP2 Message Format............177 Spanning Tree Protocol Failure.........179 Full/Half Duplex Mismatch..........180 Unidirectional Link .............181 Packet Corruption ..............182 Resource Errors..............182 Identifying a Data Loop............183 Avoiding Trouble..............183 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide vii...
Page 9: Before You Start
Main Menu are retained in the switch’s memory, and are reloaded when the switch is rebooted. Before You Start The VH-2402-L3 supports a wide array of functions and gives great flexibility and increased network performance by eliminating the routing bottleneck between the WAN and the intranet.
Page 10: Vlan Layout
L3’s Spanning Tree function can be used to block the redundant link until it is needed. VLAN Layout VLANs on the VH-2402-L3 have more functions than on a traditional layer 2 switch, and must therefore be laid-out and 2 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide...
Page 11: Assigning Ip Interface Addresses And Subnet Masks To Vlans
IP interface addresses or subnet masks. Further, the static VLAN configuration is specified on a per port basis. On the VH-2402-L3, a VLAN can consist of end-nodes – just like a traditional layer 2 switch, but a VLAN can also consist of a subnetwork defined by an IP interface address and a subnet mask.
Page 12: Connecting To The Switch
3. The up and down arrow keys, the left and right arrow keys, the tab key and the backspace key, can be used to move between selected items. 4 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 13: First Time Connecting To The Switch
(shown below). Press Ctrl+R to refresh the screen. This command can be used at any time to force the console program in the switch to refresh the console screen. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 5...
Page 14 Figure 1-1. Initial Console Screen The factory default Username is “admin”, there is no factory default password. Enter “admin” for the Username and leave the Password field blank to access the console initially. 6 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 15: Creating User Accounts
The first user automatically gets Root privileges (See Table 1-1). It is recommended to create at least one Root-level user for the Switch. Creating User Accounts To create a new user account, highlight Setup User Accounts from the Main Menu and press Enter: 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 7...
Page 16: User Accounts Management
<Update> - this allows for changes to be made to an existing user entry. 2. Enter the new user name, assign an initial password, and then confirm the new password. Determine whether 8 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 17: Root, User+ And Normal User Privileges
Read Only and Trap Stations Update Firmware and Configuration Files System Utilities Ping only Ping only Factory Reset Reboot Switch User Accounts Management Add/Update/Delete User Accounts View User Accounts Table 1-1. Root, User+, and User Privileges 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9...
Page 18: Saving Changes
Save Changes to enter the configuration into non-volatile (NV-RAM). The VH-2402-L3 has two levels of memory; normal RAM and non-volatile or NV-RAM. Configuration changes are made effective by highlighting Apply and pressing Enter.
Page 19: Loading Factory Defaults
Loading Factory Defaults Loading the factory defaults returns the switch’s configuration to the factory default values. This will clear all settings and restore them to their initial values listed in the Appendix. Figure 1-7. Main Menu 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 11...
Page 20: Logging Onto The Switch Console
To log in once you have created a registered user, from the Login screen: 1. Type in your username and press Enter. 2. Type in your password and press Enter. 3. The main menu screen will be displayed based on your access level or privilege. 12 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 21: Updating Or Deleting User Accounts
5. If the privilege level is to be changed, toggle the Access Level:<Root> field until the appropriate level is displayed – Root, User+ or User. 6. Highlight APPLY and press enter to make the change effective. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 13...
Page 22: Viewing Current User Accounts
Only users with the Root privilege can delete users. To view the current user accounts: Highlight Setup User Accounts from the Main Menu. The current user accounts can be read from following screen: Figure 1-10. Viewing User Accounts 14 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 23: Deleting A User Account
4. You must enter the configuration changes into the non- volatile ram (NV-RAM) using Save Changes from the Main Menu if you want the configuration to be used after a switch reboot. Only users with Root privileges can delete user accounts. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 15...
Page 24: Basic Setup
Switch Information, IP Setup, Remote Management Setup, Configure Ports, Serial Port Settings and Switch Settings menus. Figure 1-12. Main Menu – Switch Information Switch Information Highlight Switch Information from the Main Menu and press Enter: 16 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 25: Configuring The Switch's Ip Address
IP address and subnet mask. The Switch needs to have an IP address assigned to it so that an In-Band network management system (for example, the WebView or TELNET) client can find it on the network. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 17...
Page 26 IP address. Highlight the Subnet Mask:[255.0.0.0] field and enter the appropriate subnet mask. If you want to access the switch from a different subnet from the one it is installed on, highlight the Default 18 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 27 The fields which require entries under this option are as follows: Subnet Mask – A Bitmask that determines the extent of the subnet that the Switch is on. Should be of the form xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, where each xxx is 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 19...
Page 28: Remote Management Setup
TELNET protocol or the WEB-based Manager. Please see the next chapter for Web-based network management information. To setup the switch for remote management: Highlight Remote Management Setup from the main menu. The following screen appears: 20 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 29: Setting Up Trap Receivers
Setting Up Trap Receivers This allows the switch to send traps (messages about errors, etc.) to management stations on the network. Highlight Setup Trap Receivers and press enter. The trap recipients can be setup from the following screen: 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 21...
Page 30 SNMP information from the switch. The Status field can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled to enable or disable the receipt of SNMP traps by the listed management stations. 22 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 31: Configure Ports
The other options are 100M/Full, 100M/Half, 10M/Full, 10M/Half. There is no automatic adjustment of port settings with any option other than Auto. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 23...
Page 32: Serial Port Settings
The console baud rate is 9600 bits per second. Data bits Displays the number of bits that make up a word when communicating with the management station. The console interface 24 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 33 This is the IP address of the management station that will use the SLIP protocol to communicate with the switch. Maximum Transfer Unit – this specifies the maximum packet size in bytes. Can be toggled between 1006 and 1500. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 25...
Page 34: Switch Operation Mode
MAC addresses (as in Layer 2 above). 802.1Q VLANs are supported and the switch is considered as a VLAN-tag aware device. The switch must be rebooted when changing the operation mode before the new operation mode can take effect. 26 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 35: Changing The Switch Operation Mode
To change the switch’s operating mode: Highlight Switch Settings on the main menu and press enter. Figure 1-19. Switch Settings Screen Highlight Switch Operation Mode on the Switch Settings menu and press enter. Figure 1-20. Switch Operation Mode Screen 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 27...
Page 36: Menu Changes With Switch Operating Mode
Layer 2 Only mode. These functions are reflected in additional configuration menus, and the addition of the Layer 3 IP Networking entry. All of the console menus are listed, in order, in the Screen Hierarchy below. 28 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 37 Figure 1-22. Main Menu – Layer 2 Switching Mode Figure 1-23. Main Menu – Layer 3 IP Routing Mode 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 29...
Page 38: Screen Hierarchy
Setup User Accounts Serial Port Settings Serial Port Settings Utilities Utilities Upgrade Firmware from TFTP Server Download Configuration File from TFTP Server Upload Configuration File to TFTP Server Save Log to TFTP Server Ping Test 30 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 39 Except IP Address Logout System Logout (no sub-menus) Spanning Tree Configure Spanning Tree STP Group Configuration STP Port Settings Forwarding Forwarding Menu Setup Static Unicast MAC Forwarding Setup Static IP Routes Setup Static ARP Entries 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 31...
Page 40 PIM-DM Interface Configuration Static Router Port Settings VLANs VLAN Menu Edit 802.1Q VLANs Configure 802.1Q Port Settings Port Trunking Port Trunking Layer 3 IP Networking Setup Layer 3 – IP Networking Setup IP Interface Setup RIP Configuration 32 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 41: Layer 2 Switch Settings
Broadcast/Multicast storm. This is the number of thousands Upper Threshold for Module Ports: Broadcast/Multicast packets per second [128]Kpps received by the switch – on one of the module ports – that will trigger the 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 33...
Page 42: Advanced Setup
IP interfaces. VLANs by Switch Operating Mode To create a new 802.1Q VLAN: The VLAN menu adds an entry to edit the VLAN definitions and to configure the port settings for IEEE 802.1Q VLAN 34 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 43 Highlight VLANs from the Main Menu and press enter. Figure 1-25. VLAN Menu To create an 802.1Q VLAN, highlight Edit 802.1Q VLANs and press enter: Figure 1-26. Edit 802.1Q VLANs Menu Parameter Description Action: This field can be toggled using the space 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 35...
Page 44 Allows an individual port to be specified as either Tagging or Untagging. Untagging - specifies the port as an Untagging member of the VLAN. When an untagged packet is transmitted by the port, the packet header remains 36 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 45 Highlight the first field of Tagging (U/T):[ ][ ][ ] field. Each port’s state can be set by highlighting the port’s entry using the arrow keys and then toggling between U or T using the space bar. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 37...
Page 46 Egress ports (static members of “evilJulius”. Ports 5,6, and 7 are Forbidden ports (non-members and are not allowed to join the VLAN “evilJulius” dynamically.Example 802.1Q VLAN add screen: Figure 1-27. Edit 802.1Q VLANs Menu To configure the member ports of an 802.1Q VLAN: 38 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 47 This allows the entry of a contiguous range of port numbers to be configured. [ ] to [ ] Port VLAN Identifier – is a classification PVID#[ ] mechanism that associates a port with a 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 39...
Page 48 PVID#[ ] field and enter the PVID for the VLAN’s member ports you want to configure. Use the arrow keys to highlight the remaining fields and the space bar to toggle between On and Off. To edit an existing 802.1Q VLAN: 40 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 49 In the Delete mode, entire VLANs can be deleted. VLANs to be edited can be selected by either the VID#[ ] field or the VLAN Name:[ ] fields. Enter either the VID or the VLAN 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 41...
Page 50 (VLAN-tag aware), then the port should be set to T – Tagged. To configure a port’s 802.1Q VLAN settings: Highlight the Configure Port#[ ] field and enter the port number of the port you want to configure. Use the arrow 42 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 51: Setting Up Ip Interfaces
10.32.0.0/11 (or a 11-bit) addressing scheme will work. This addressing scheme will give a subnet mask of 11111111.11100000.00000000.00000000 (binary) or 255.224.0.0 (decimal). Using a 10.xxx.xxx.xxx IP address notation, the above example would give 6 network addresses and 6 subnets. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 43...
Page 52 255.224.0.0 can be entered into the Setup IP Interface menu. To setup IP Interfaces on the switch: Highlight Layer 3 IP Networking from the Main Menu and press Enter. 44 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 53 Figure 1-32. Layer 3 - Main Menu Highlight Layer 3 IP Networking from the Main Menu and press enter. Figure 1-33. Layer 3 – IP Networking Menu Highlight Setup IP Interface and press enter. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 45...
Page 54 This field allows the entry of a name for the IP interface. The default IP interface is named “System”. IP Address:[ This field allows the entry of an IP address to be assigned to this IP 46 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 55: Multicasting
Multicasting Layer 2 Multicast Setup To setup Multicasting on the switch, when the switch is in Layer 2 operating mode, highlight Multicasting from the Main Menu and press Enter. Figure 1-35. Multicasting Menu 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 47...
Page 56: Igmp Snooping Settings
IGMP queries. The Max Response:[10] allows a setting between 1 and 25 seconds (default is 10) and specifies the maximum amount of time allowed before sending a response report. Highlight APPLY and press Enter to make the settings effective. 48 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 57: Ieee 802.1Q Multicast Forwarding
A value between 1 and 25 seconds can be entered, with a default of 10 seconds. IEEE 802.1Q Multicast Forwarding To edit the IEEE802.1 Multicast Forwarding settings, highlight IEEE802.1Q Multicast Forwarding Settings from the Multicasting Menu and press enter. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 49...
Page 58 To add a new entry to the multicast forwarding table, select Add/Modify and enter the VID of the VLAN that will be receiving the multicast packets. Enter the MAC address of the multicast source, and then enter the member ports. 50 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 59: Static Router Port Settings
Generally, this router would have a connection to a WAN or to the Internet. Establishing a router port will allow multicast packets coming from the router to be propagated through the network, as well as allowing 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 51...
Page 60 PIM-DM multicast packets are detected flowing into a port. To setup a static router port, highlight Static Router Port Settings from the Multicasting Menu and press enter. Figure 1-38. Static Router Port Settings Parameter Description 52 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 61: Layer 3 Multicasting
IP multicasting are added to the Multicasting menu. These additional functions can be configured under the IP Multicasting Settings menu. With the switch in IP Routing mode, highlight Multicasting from the Main Menu and press enter. Figure 1-39. Multicasting Menu 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 53...
Page 62: Setup Ip Multicast
Enter. Highlight Multicast Interface Configuration from the Setup Multicast Menu and press Enter. Figure 1-40. Setup IP Multicast Menu Multicast Interface Configuration To configure the multicast interface, highlight Multicast Interface Configuration and press Enter. 54 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 63 Allows the entry of the name of the IP interface that is to be configured for multicasting. This must be a previously configured IP interface. Status: <Enabled> This field can be toggled between Enabled and Disabled using the space 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 55...
Page 64: Igmp Interface Configuration
1 and 65,500 seconds in the Query:[125 ] field. The maximum length of time between the receipt of a query and the sending of an IGMP response report can be varied by entering a value in the Max. Response:[10] field. 56 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 65 IGMP response report. A value between 1 and 25 seconds can be entered, with a default of 10 seconds. IP Address: Displays the IP address corresponding to the IP interface name entered above. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 57...
Page 66 Displays the MAC address Group MAC corresponding to the IGMP Static Group Address: IP address entered above. IP Address: Displays the IP address corresponding to the IP interface entered above. Can be toggled between Enabled and State:<Enabled> Disabled. 58 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 67: Dvmrp
Because multicast group membership information is forwarded by a distance-vector algorithm, propagation is slow. DVMRP is optimized for high delay (high latency) relatively low bandwidth networks, and can be considered as a ‘best-effort’ multicasting protocol. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 59...
Page 68 DVMRP will hold Neighbor Router reports before issuing poison route messages. The default is 35 seconds. Route Metric:[1 ] This field allows an entry between 0 and 254 and defines the route cost for the IP 60 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 69: Pim-Dm
Report:<Disabled> neighbor. PIM-DM <<Please refer to the product Release Notes before enabling this feature>> To configure PIMDM for an IP interface: Highlight PIMDM Interface Configuration from the Setup IP Multicast menu and press enter. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 61...
Page 70 ‘prune’ information from its database and floods multicast messages to all interfaces on that branch. The interval for removing ‘prune’ information is the Join/Prune Interval. 62 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 71 These two actions are equivalent. The default is 60 seconds. This field can be toggled between State:<Disabled> Enabled and Disabled using the space bar, and is used to enable or disable PIM-DM for the IP interface. The default 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 63...
Page 72: Port Mirroring
Disabled. Port Mirroring To configure a port for port mirroring: Highlight Mirroring from the Main Menu and press enter. Figure 1-46. Mirroring Menu To select the target port, highlight Target Port Selection and press enter. 64 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 73 Description Action:<Add/Modify> This field can be toggled between Add/Modify and Delete using the space bar. Entries can be added, modified or deleted based upon the port number entered in the Source Port [ ] field. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 65...
Page 74: Priority
Figure 1-49. Setup MAC Address Priority Parameter Description Action:<Add/Modify> This field can be toggled between Add/Modify and Delete using the space bar. Allows the entry of the VLAN ID (VID) of VID:[1 ] the VLAN to which the MAC address 66 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 75: Filtering
(a destination) or both (either). Filtering Layer 2 Filtering To enter a MAC address into the filtering table, highlight Filtering from the Main Menu and press enter. Figure 1-50. MAC Address Filter 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 67...
Page 76 Allows the entry of a MAC address to be filtered from the switch. This address must be a unicast MAC address. Source/Destination: This field can be toggled using the space <Scr.> bar between Src. (Source), Dst. 68 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 77: Layer 3 (Ip Routing) Filtering
MAC and IP addresses can be entered into the filtering table, using there respective entry menus. To enter an address, highlight Filtering from the Main Menu and press enter. Figure 1-52. Filtering Menu – Layer 3 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 69...
Page 78: Forwarding
(packets will not be received from or transmitted to the IP address. Forwarding Layer 2 Forwarding To enter a MAC address into the switch’s forwarding table highlight Forwarding from the Main Menu and press enter. 70 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 79 The field can be toggled between Action:<Add/Modify> Add/Modify and Delete using the space bar. VID:[ ] Allows the entry of the VLAN ID (VID) of the VLAN the MAC address below is a member of. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 71...
Page 80: Ip Forwarding
IP address into the Static IP Routing table. Static Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) entrees can also be made from the Forwarding Menu. Highlight Static/Default Routes from the Forwarding menu and press enter. Figure 1-56. Setup Static IP Routes 72 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 81: Static Arp
IP address above. Static ARP To make a static ARP entry highlight Static ARP from the Forwarding menu and press enter. Figure 1-57. Setup Static ARP Entries 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 73...
Page 82: Spanning Tree
Figure 1-58. Configure Spanning Tree - Global The Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) operates on two levels: on the switch level, the settings are globally implemented. On the port level, the settings are implemented on a per user-defined Group basis. 74 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 83 Switch spends in the listening state while moving from the blocking state to the forwarding state. Priority:[ A Priority for the switch can be set from 0 to 65535. This number is used in the 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 75...
Page 84: Stp Group Confugration
Group Create/Delete and press enter. Figure 1-59. STP Group Configuration Toggle the Action:<Add/Modify> field to Add/Modify. Choose a name for the group and enter it in the Group Name:[ ] field. The group name does not necessarily 76 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 85 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 77...
Page 86 Ethernet ports are displayed together. In addition to setting Spanning Tree parameters for use on the switch level, the VH-2402-L3 allows for the configuration of groups of ports, each port-group of which will have its own spanning tree, and will require some of its own configuration settings.
Page 87: Port Trunking
Root Port. Port Trunking To configure a port trunking group, highlight Port Trunking on the Main Menu and press Enter. Figure 1-61. Port Trunking Setup 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 79...
Page 88 – such as a server – to the backbone of a network. The VH-2402-L3 allows the creation of up to 6 port trunking groups, each group consisting of up of up to 8 links (ports).
Page 89 This is useful for diagnostics, to quickly isolate a bandwidth intensive network device or to have an absolute backup aggregation group that is not under automatic control. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 81...
Page 90: Switch Utilities
TFTP server, switch settings can be saved to the TFTP server, and a history log can be uploaded from the switch to the TFTP server. Updating Firmware To update the switch’s firmware, highlight Upgrade Firmware from TFTP Server and press enter. 82 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 91: Downloading A Configuration File
Menu to enter the address into NV-RAM Highlight START and press enter to initiate the file transfer. Downloading a Configuration File To download a switch configuration file from a TFTP server, highlight Download Configuration File from TFTP Server and press enter. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 83...
Page 92: Uploading A Settings File
NV-RAM Highlight START and press enter to initiate the file transfer. Uploading a Settings File To upload a settings file to the TFTP server, highlight Upload configuration file to TFTP Server and press enter. 84 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 93: Uploading A History Log File
APPLY. Highlight START and press enter to initiate the file transfer. Uploading a History Log File To save a History Log on a TFTP server, highlight Save Log to TFTP Server and press enter. Figure 1-66. Upload Log File 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 85...
Page 94: Testing Connectivity With Ping
Layer 3 (IP Routing) switch operation mode adds BOOTP Relay and DNS Relay to the utilities available on the switch. BOOTP/DHCP Relay To enter the IP addresses of BOOTP or DHCP servers (for the BOOTP/DHCP Relay service): 86 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 95 If a value of 0 is entered, the switch will not process the value in the seconds field of the BOOTP or DHCP packet. If a non- zero value is entered, the switch will use that value, along with the hop count to 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 87...
Page 96 BOOTP or DHCP servers reside on. IP Address: Displays the IP address corresponding to the subnet name entered above. BOOTP/DHCP Allows the entry of IP addresses for up to Server:[ four BOOTP or DHCP servers. 88 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 97: Dns Relay
This can be toggled between Disabled DNSR Cache and Enabled. This determines if a DNS Status:<Disabled> cache will be enabled on the switch. DNSR Static Table This field can be toggled using the space Lookup 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 89...
Page 98 The domain name of the static DNS table Domain Name entry. IP Address The IP address of the domain name above. This field can be toggled using the space Status:<Enabled> bar between Enabled and Disabled. 90 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 99: Network Monitoring
Network Monitoring The VH-2402-L3 provides extensive network monitoring capabilities that can be viewed under Network Monitoring from the Main Menu. Network monitoring on the switch is divided into Layer 2 and Layer 3 functions, depending upon which operating mode the switch is in. Layer 2 network monitoring functions are visible on the console when the switch is in Layer 2 Only operating mode.
Page 100: Port Utilization
(displayed under %Util.). To view the port utilization: Highlight Port Utilization on the Network Monitoring menu and press enter. 92 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 101: Port Error Statistics
The percentage utilization of the given port’s available bandwidth. Port Error Statistics The Port Error Statistics screen displays the packet errors that the switch can detect and displays the results on a per port basis. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 93...
Page 102 The interval (in seconds) that the table is updated. The default is 2 seconds. RX Frames Received packets. CRC Error For 10 Mbps ports, the counter records CRC errors (FCS or alignment errors). For 100 Mbps ports, the counter records 94 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 103 For 100 Mbps ports, the counter records the sum of CRC errors and code errors (frames received with rxerror signal). Late Coll. Late Collisions. The number of times that a collision is detected later than 512 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 95...
Page 104: Port Packet Analysis Table
To view an analysis of packets received or transmitted by a port: Highlight Port Packet Analysis on the Network Monitoring menu and press enter. 96 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 105 Displays the number of multicast packets Multicast RX received by the switch in total number (Frames) and the rate (Frames/sec). Broadcast RX Displays the number of broadcast packets received by the switch in total number (Frames) and the rate (Frames/sec). 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 97...
Page 106: Mac Address Forwarding Table
These entries are then used to forward packets through the switch. To view the MAC address forwarding table: Highlight Browse MAC Address Table on the Network Monitoring menu and press enter. 98 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 107: Gvrp Status Table
VLAN. The GVRP status screen displays the ports on the switch that are currently Egress or Untagged ports. To view the GVRP status table: Highlight GVRP Status from the Network Monitoring menu and press enter. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 99...
Page 108: Browse Router Port
S. A router port that is dynamically configured by the switch is designated by D. To view the Router Port table: Highlight Browse Router Port from the Network Monitoring menu and press Enter. 100 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 109: Igmp Snooping Table
M. The number of IGMP reports that were snooped are also displayed in the Reports: field. To view the IGMP Snooping table: Highlight IGMP Snooping Status from the Network Monitoring menu and press Enter. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 101...
Page 110 The time since the last cold start of the switch is also recorded. To view the switch history log: Highlight Switch History from the Network Monitoring menu and press enter. Figure 1-80. Switch History Table 102 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 111: Layer 3 Network Monitoring
IP Multicast Forwarding Table • IGMP Group Table • DVMRP Routing Table To view the Network Monitoring menu: Highlight Network Monitoring from the Main Menu and press Enter. Figure 1-81. Network Monitoring Menu – Layer 3 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 103...
Page 112: Ip Address Forwarding Table
To display a particular IP address, enter the IP address in the Jump to IP Address:[0.0.0.0] field, highlight GO, and press enter. Routing Table To view the contents of the IP Routing table: Highlight Routing Table on the Network Monitoring menu and press Enter. 104 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 113: Arp Table
Address:[0.0.0.0] field, the gateway address in the Gateway:[0.0.0.0] field, or the subnet mask in the Mask:[0.0.0.0] field, highlight GO, and press enter. ARP Table To view the ARP table: Highlight ARP Table on the Network Monitoring menu and press enter. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 105...
Page 114: Ip Multicast Forwarding Table
Address:[0.0.0.0] field, highlight GO, and press enter. IP Multicast Forwarding Table To view the IP multicast forwarding table: Highlight IP Multicast Forwarding Table from the Network Monitoring menu and press enter. Figure 1-85. View the IP Multicast Forwarding Table 106 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 115: Igmp Group Table
To display a particular multicast group, enter either the IP address in the Jump to Interface Name:[ ] field, enter the multicast group IP address in the Multicast Group:[0.0.0.0] field, highlight GO, and press Enter. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 107...
Page 116: Dvmrp Routing Table
DVMRP Routing table will be searched for the IP address and subnet mask above. Load Factory Defaults To reset the switch to all factory defaults: Highlight Reboot on the main menu and press enter. 108 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 117 Highlight one of the two Load Factory Default Configuration entries and press enter. A confirmation screen will appear. Press Y for Yes and press enter. The factory defaults for the VH-2402-L3 are listed in Appendix D of this manual. 9033691-01...
Page 118: Reboot
Reboot The VH-2402-L3 has several reboot options. To reboot the switch from the console: Highlight Reboot from the Main Menu and press enter. Figure 1-89. Reboot Menu The reboot options are as follows: Reboot simply restarts the switch. Any configuration settings not saved using Save Changes from the Main Menu will be lost.
Page 119 IP address will be retained. All other configuration data will be lost. A confirmation screen will appear: Figure 1-90. System Reboot Confirmation To reboot the switch, in the mode entered above, highlight Yes and press enter. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 111...
Page 120: Snmp
• Modifying the configuration of network devices. The VH-2402-L3 has a software program called an ‘agent’ that processes SNMP requests, but the user program that makes the requests and collects the responses runs on a management station (a designated computer on the network).
Page 121: Traps
A cold start is different from a factory reset in that configuration settings saved to non-volatile RAM used to reconfigure the switch. • Warm Start This trap signifies that the Switch has been rebooted, however the POST (Power On Self- Test) is skipped. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 113...
Page 122: Mibs
In addition to the standard MIB-II, the Switch also supports its own proprietary enterprise MIB as an extended Management Information Base. These MIBs may also be retrieved by specifying the MIB’s Object-Identity (OID) at the 114 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 123: Packet Forwarding
This process is referred to as ‘learning’ the network topology. MAC Address Aging Time The Aging Time affects the learning process of the Switch. Dynamic forwarding table entries, which are made up of the 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 115...
Page 124: Filtering
Address entered into the filter table, the switch will discard the packet. Some filtering is done automatically by the switch: • Dynamic filtering – automatic learning and aging of MAC addresses and their location on the network. 116 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 125: Spanning Tree
The reactivation of the blocked links (at the time of a primary link failure) is also accomplished automatically – without operator intervention. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 117...
Page 126 The VH-2402-L3 STP allows two levels of spanning trees to be configured. The first level constructs a spanning tree on the links between switches. This is referred to as the Switch or Global level. The second level is on a port group basis.
Page 127: Bridge Protocol Data Units
For STP to arrive at a stable network topology, the following information is used: • The unique switch identifier • The path cost to the root associated with each switch port • The port identifier 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 119...
Page 128: Creating A Stable Stp Topology
MAC address in the network will become the root switch. By increasing the priority (lowering the priority number) of the best switch, STP can be forced to select the best switch as the root switch. 120 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 129: Stp Port States
Learning – the port is adding addresses to its forwarding database, but not yet forwarding packets • Forwarding – the port is forwarding packets • Disabled – the port only responds to network management messages and must return to the blocking state first 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 121...
Page 130 From forwarding to disabled • From disabled to blocking Figure 2-1. STP Port State Transitions When STP is enabled, every port on every switch in the network goes through the blocking state and then transitions 122 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 131: User-Changeable Sta Parameters
Root Bridge. If you set a Hello Time for your Switch, and it is not the Root Bridge, the set Hello Time will be used if and when your Switch becomes the Root Bridge. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 123...
Page 132: Illustration Of Stp
STP can be applied as shown in Figure 2-4. In this example, STP breaks the loop by blocking the connection between Bridge B and C. The decision to block a particular 124 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 133 Priority setting, or influencing STP to choose a particular port to block using the Port Priority and Port Cost settings is, however, relatively straight forward. Figure 2-2. Before Applying the STA Rules In this example, only the default STP values are used. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 125...
Page 134: Port Trunking
Thus, when configuring the ports in a port trunking group, you only need to configure the master port. 126 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 135 The VH-2402-L3 supports 6 port trunking groups, which may include from 2 to 8 switch ports each, except for a Gigabit port trunking group which consists of the 2 (optional) Gigabit Ethernet ports of the front panel. These ports are the two 1000BASE-SX, -LX –TX or GBIC ports contained in a front-...
Page 136: Vlans
VLAN on which the broadcast was initiated. Notes About VLANs on the VH-2402-L3 1. The VH-2402-L3 supports IEEE 802.1Q VLANs. The port untagging function can be used to remove the 802.1Q tag from packet headers to maintain compatibility with devices that are tag-unaware (that is, network devices that do not support IEEE 802.1Q...
Page 137: Ieee 802.1Q Vlans
Packet forwarding decisions are made based upon the following three types of rules: • Ingress rules – rules relevant to the classification of received frames belonging to a VLAN. • Forwarding rules between ports – decides filter or forward the packet 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 129...
Page 138: 802.1Q Vlan Tags
(CFI – used for encapsulating Token Ring packets so they can be carried across Ethernet backbones) and 12 bits of VLAN ID (VID). The 3 bits of user priority are used by 802.1p. The VID is the VLAN identifier and is used by the 130 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 139 The EtherType and VLAN ID are inserted after the MAC source address, but before the originial EtherType/Length or Logical Link Control. Because the packet is now a bit longer than it was originally, the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) must be recalculated. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 131...
Page 140: Port Vlan Id
Within the switch, different PVIDs mean different VLANs. (remember that two VLANs cannot communicate without an external router). So, VLAN identification based upon the PVIDs cannot create VLANs that extend outside a given switch (or switch stack). 132 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 141: Tagging And Untagging
VLAN information into the header of all packets that flow into and out of it. If a packet has previously been tagged, the port will not alter the packet, thus keeping the VLAN information intact. The VLAN information in the tag 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 133...
Page 142: Ingress Filtering
This process is referred to as ingress filtering and is used to conserve bandwidth within the switch by dropping packets that are not on the same VLAN as the ingress port at the 134 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 143: Vlans In Layer 2 Only Mode
VLANs are based on layer 3 information, but this does not constitute a ‘routing’ function. The VH-2402-L3 allows an IP subnet to be configured for each 802.1Q VLAN that exists on the switch. Even though a switch inspects a packet’s IP address to...
Page 144: Ip Addressing And Subnetting
The IP defines a way of generating a unique number that can be assigned each network in the internet and each of the computers on each of those networks. This number is called the IP address. 136 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 145 The total range of IP addresses are then: Lowest possible IP address - 0.0.0.0 Highest possible IP address - 255.255.255.255 To convert decimal numbers to 8-bit binary numbers (and vice-versa), you can use the following chart: 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 137...
Page 146: Address Classes
Class E addresses begin with 1111, or 240 to 254 decimal. Addresses beginning with 01111111, or 127 decimal, are reserved. They are used for internal testing on a local machine (called loopback). The address 127.0.0.1 can 138 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 147: Subnet Masking
A bitwise logical AND operation between the IP address and the subnet mask results in the Network Address. For example: 00001010.00101010.01001001.11010010 10.42.73.210 Class A IP address 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 139...
Page 148: Calculating The Number Of Subnets And Nodes
IP address. Multiplying the number of subnets by the number of nodes available per subnet gives the total number of nodes for the entire network. Example 00001010.00101010.01001001.11010010 10.42.73.210 Class A IP address 140 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 149: Classless Interdomain Routing - Cidr
Instead of specifying all of the bits of the subnet mask, it is simply listed as the number of contiguous “1”s (bits) in the network portion of the address. Look at the subnet mask of the above example in binary - 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 141...
Page 150 16382 32764 255.255.224.0 8190 49140 255.255.240.0 4094 57316 255.255.248.0 2046 61380 255.255.252.0 1022 63364 255.255.254.0 64260 255.255.255.0 64516 255.255.255.128 64260 255.255.255.192 1022 63364 255.255.255.224 2046 61380 255.255.255.240 4094 57316 255.255.255.248 8190 49140 255.255.255.252 16382 32764 142 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 151: Setting Up Ip Interfaces
5, 6, 7, 8, 21, 22, 23, 24 Engineering 9, 10, 11, 12 Marketing 13, 14, 15, 16 Finance 17, 18, 19, 20 Sales 1, 2, 3, 4 Backbone 25, 26 Table 2-8. VLAN Example – Assigned Ports 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 143...
Page 152 Table 2-9. VLAN Example – Assigned IP Addresses The 6 IP interfaces, each with an IP address (listed in the table above), and a subnet mask of 255.224.0.0 can be entered into the Setup IP Interface menu. 144 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 153: Layer 3-Based Vlans
VLANs are based on layer 3 information, but this does not constitute a ‘routing’ function. The VH-2402-L3 allows an IP subnet to be configured for each 802.1Q VLAN that exists on the switch. Even though a switch inspects a packet’s IP address to...
Page 154 How these layers communicate within a stack (for example, within a given computer) is left to the operating system programmers. 146 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 155 OSI layer is open and consistent. A brief description of the most commonly used functional layers is helpful to understand the scope of how protocol layering works. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 147...
Page 156: Layer 1
IP addresses, and routing protocols such as the Routing Information Protocol (RIP), the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), and the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) enable Layer 3 devices to direct data traffic to the intended 148 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 157: Layer 4
Software developers must decide what type of transport mechanism is necessary. For example, Web access requires reliable, error-free access and would demand TCP, Multimedia, on the other hand, requires low overhead and latency and commonly uses UDP. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 149...
Page 158: Tcp/Ip
The communication interface between TCP and IP is relatively simple. When IP received a packet, it does not know how this packet is related to others it has sent (or received) or even which connection the packet is part of. IP 150 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 159: Packet Headers
The header also contains a sequence number that is used to ensure the packets are received in the correct order. The packets are not numbered, but rather the octets the packets 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 151...
Page 160 It would require too much time and overhead to acknowledge each packet received. Each end of the TCP connection declares how much data it is able to receive at any one time by writing this number of octets in the window field. 152 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 161 Although most IP traffic uses TCP, other protocols can be used (such as UDP). The checksum is used by the receiving IP in the same way as the TCP checksum. Figure 2-11. IP Packet Header 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 153...
Page 162: Ethernet
The type code field allows each protocol family to have its own entry. A checksum is calculated and when the packet is received, the checksum is recalculated. If the two checksums are different, the packet is dropped. 154 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 163: Tcp And Udp Well-Known Ports
FTP server on the computer that has the file. This is accomplished using sockets. A socket is a pair of TCP port numbers used to establish a connection from one 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 155...
Page 164 The same computers are making the connections, so the IP addresses are the same. Both computers are using the same well-known TCP port for the FTP server. The local FTP clients are using different TCP port numbers. 156 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 165: Udp And Icmp
UDP does not keep track of what is sent. UDP uses port numbers in a way that is directly analogous to TCP. There are well-known UDP port numbers for servers that use UDP. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 157...
Page 166: The Domain Name System
IP addresses throughout the Internet and has been adapted for use within intranets. For two DNS servers to communicate across different subnets, the DNS Relay of the VH-2402-L3 must be used. The DNS servers are identified by IP addresses. 158 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide...
Page 167: Mapping
DNS server must be able to contact at least one root server. The address of the machine that supplies domain name service is often supplied by a DCHP or BOOTP server, or can be entered manually and configured into the operating system at startup. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 159...
Page 168: Dhcp Servers
When a new TCP/IP configuration is received from a DHCP server, the network device checks for a possible IP address conflict by sending an Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) request that contains its new IP address. 160 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 169: Ip Routing
The packet is then sent to the gateway leading to the remote network. There is often only one gateway on a network. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 161...
Page 170: Packet Fragmentation And Reassembly
A field in the TCP header indicates that a packet has been fragmented, and other information aids in the reassembly of the packets into the original data. 162 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 171: Arp
The main advantage to multicasting is a decrease in the network load compared to broadcasting. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 163...
Page 172: Multicast Groups
Address Assignment 224.0.0.0 Base Address (reserved) 224.0.0.1 All Systems on this subnet 224.0.0.2 All Routers on this subnet Unassigned 224.0.0.3 DVMRP Routers 224.0.0.4 224.0.0.5 OSPF IGP Routers 224.0.0.6 OSPF IGP Designated Routers 224.0.0.7 ST Routers 164 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 173: Internet Group Management Protocol (Igmp)
(IGMP) is used by multicast routers to maintain multicast group membership. IGMP is also used to coordinate between multiple multicast routers that may be present on a network by electing one of the multicast routers as the 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 165...
Page 174: Igmp Versions 1 And 2
Specific Group Membership Query (if Group Address is Present) 0x16 Membership Report (version 2) 0x17 Leave a Group (version 2) 0x12 Membership Report (version 1) Table 2-11. IGMP Type Codes Multicast routers use IGMP to manage multicast group memberships: 166 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 175 ID. The transition states a host will go through to join or leave a multicast group are shown in the diagram below. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 167...
Page 176: Multicast Routing Algorithms
Flooding The simplest algorithm for the delivery of multicast packets is for the multicast router to forward a multicast packet to all interfaces. This is referred to as flooding. An equally simple 168 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 177: Multicast Spanning Trees
If the packet was received on the shortest path back to the source, the packet 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 169...
Page 178: Reverse Path Multicasting (Rpm)
Subsequent routers in the tree that have no active path to another router are referred to as leaf routers. If the multicast packet if forwarded to a leaf router that has no active multicast group members for the source, the leaf router will 170 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 179: Multicast Routing Protocols
DVMRP uses an RPM algorithm to construct its multicast delivery trees. The first multicast packet received by a multicast router using DVMRP is flooded to all interfaces except the one on 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 171...
Page 180 DVMRP also supports tunnel interfaces, where two multicast routers are connected through a router that cannot process multicast packets. This allows multicast packets to cross networks with routers that are not multicast-aware. 172 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 181: Routing Protocols
A router is one hop from a directly connected network, two hops from a network that can be reached through a router, etc. The more routers between a source and a destination, the greater the RIP distance (or hop count). 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 173...
Page 182 A router can ‘poison reverse’ a route by adding an infinite (16) hop count to a route’s advertisement. This is usually used in conjunction with triggered updates, which force a router to send an immediate broadcast when an update of an unreachable network is received. 174 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 183: Rip Version 1 Message Format
RIP Version 1 Message Format There are two types of RIP messages: routing information messages and information requests. The same format is used by both types. Figure 2-17. RIP v.1 Message Format 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 175...
Page 184: Rip 1 Message
This will determine how the address field is interpreted. RIP specifies that the IP address 0.0.0.0 denotes a default route. The distances, measured in router hops are entered in the Distance to Source Network, and Distance to Destination Network fields. 176 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 185: Rip 1 Route Interpretation
CIDR classless addresses. RIP version 2 also adds an explicit next hop entry, which speeds convergence and helps prevent the formation of routing loops. RIP2 Message Format The message format used with RIP2 is an extension of the RIP1 format: 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 177...
Page 186 It can be used to identify the origin of the route. Because the version number in RIP2 occupies the same octet as in RIP1, both versions of the protocols can be used on a given router simultaneously without interference. 178 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 187: Spanning Tree Protocol Failure
LAN. Should C fail to receive these BPDUs for longer than the MAX AGE (default of 20 seconds), it could start to transition its port 2 from the blocking state to the forwarding state. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 179...
Page 188: Full/Half Duplex Mismatch
1 on A is either configured as a half- duplex port, or left in auto-negotiation mode. Because port 1 on B is configured as a full-duplex port, it does not do the carrier sense when accessing the link. B will then start 180 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 189: Unidirectional Link
BPDUs from port 2 on B, it will transition to the forwarding state. If the failure exists at boot, STP will not converge and rebooting the bridges will have no effect. (Note: Rebooting would help temporarily in the previous example). 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 181...
Page 190: Packet Corruption
If the MAX AGE is set too low, this time is reduced. Resource Errors The VH-2402-L3 Layer 3 switch performs its switching and routing functions primarily in hardware, using specialized ASICs. STP is implemented in software and is thus reliant upon the speed of the CPU and other factors to converge.
Page 191: Identifying A Data Loop
Organize the redundant links and tune the port cost parameter of STP to force those ports to be in the blocking state. For each VLAN, know which ports should be blocking in a stable network. A network diagram that shows each 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 183...
Page 192 VLAN 1 and VLAN 2. So switch C is not only receiving traffic for VLAN 1, but it is also receiving unnecessary broadcast and multicast traffic for VLAN 2. It is also blocking one port for VLAN 2. Thus, there are three redundant paths 184 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 193 VLAN and allows the removal of all redundant links by removing switch A or B from the network. Impact of Layer 3 Switching. The IP routing operational mode of the VH-2402-L3 Layer 3 switch can accomplish the following: • Building a forwarding table, and exchanging information with its peers using routing protocols.
Page 194 The link redundancy remains, and relying on the routing protocols gives a faster convergence than with STP. The drawback is that the introduction of layer 3 switching usually requires a new addressing scheme. 186 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 195 1 0 1 XOR (exclusive OR) The logical operation compares 2 bits and if “1”, “1”, exactly one of them is a then the result is otherwise the “0”. result is 0 0 1 1 1 0 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 187...
Page 196 The logical NOT operation simply changes the value of a single bit. “1”, “0”, “0”, “1”. If it is a the result is if it is a the result is This operation is carried out on a single bit. 188 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 197 IEEE 802.3z 1000BASE-SX Gigabit Ethernet IEEE 802.1 P/Q VLAN IEEE 802.3x Full-duplex Flow Control ANSI/IEEE 802.3 Auto-negotiation Protocols: CSMA/CD Data Transfer Half-duplex Full-duplex Rates: 10 Mbps 20Mbps Ethernet 100Mbps 200Mbps Fast Ethernet 2000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet Topology: Star 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 189...
Page 198: Physical And Environmental
Weight: 3 kg EMI: FCC Class A, CE Class A, VCCI Class A, BSMI Class A, C-Tick Class A FCC Part 15/IECES-003 (Canada), VCCI Class A ITE, EN55022/EN50082-1 or EN%%o24, C-Tick (AS/NZS3548, BSMI (CNS 13438) 190 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 199 Packet Filtering/ Full-wire speed for all Forwarding Rate: connections. 148,800 pps per port (for 100Mbps)1,488,000 pps per port (for 1000Mbps) MAC Address Automatic update. Learning: Forwarding Table Max age:10–9999 seconds. Age Time: Default = 300. 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 191...
Page 200 Setting Up The Switch ......16 Humidity..........190 Single Coll ..........97 SLIP management ......... 25 Spanning Tree Algorithm (STA) ..119 IEEE 802.1Q tagging ......130 Spanning Tree Protocol....118 IEEE 802.1Q VLANs......130 Storage Temperature ......190 Illustration of STA.......125 Subnet Mask..........19 192 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 9033691-01...
Page 201 User Accounts Management....13 Transmission Methods ......191 Trap managers ........114 Trap Type View/Delete User Accounts....14 Authentication Failure....115 VLAN ..........118 Broadcast Storm ......115 VT100-compatible terminal....4 Cold Start........114 Link Change Event......115 Weight ..........190 Port Partition........115 9033691-01 VH-2402-L3 Management Guide 193...

Enterasys VH-2402-L3 Management Manual

Quick Links

Need help?

Questions and answers

Subscribe to Our Youtube Channel

Related Manuals for Enterasys VH-2402-L3

Summary of Contents for Enterasys VH-2402-L3

Table of Contents