Behringer DEEPMIND 12 User Manual page 130

130 DeepMind 12 User Manual
Digitally Controlled Oscillator An analog oscillator circuit controlled and
monitored by a digital processor. The advantages over a VCO is increased stability
which results in far less tuning drift.
Digital Signal Processing (DSP) The numerical manipulation of signals,
usually with the intention to measure, fi lter, change, eff ect, produce or compress
continuous analog signals.
Distortion An eff ect based on pushing the boundaries of what a specifi c
technology or implementation can achieve. At the point where technology
begins to overload, overdrive, clip, saturate or generally misbehave is where
distortion starts to appear. Examples include tape, valve, transistors, and also
digital algorithms and processes.
Dynamic The range of levels in an audio signal, from the softest to the loudest.
Dynamic Processor A device used to control and/or change the dynamics of a
signal.
Dynamic Range – The diff erence between the lowest level and the highest
level an audio system can produce.
Edit / Editing The combined methods of creating a program from a starting
point or program.
Edit Buff er: A temporary storage memory for a program.
Eff ect: One of a number of audio processes that can be applied to a signal to
modify it, such as reverb, fl anging, phasing, delay etc.
Eff ects Send A copy of the channel signal which is sent to an eff ects processor in
order for it to be returned.
Eff ects Return An eff ected audio signal which is returned to mix with the
original channel signal.
Envelope Generator (EG): An envelope signal which can be adjusted to a
specifi c shape in order to control the way a sound behaves over time.
Equalisation (EQ) Processor used to adjust the volumes of various frequency
ranges for creative or corrective purposes.
Exponential A mathematical function of growth or decay where the
independent variable is the exponent. This results in a "hockey stick" shaped
curve.
Expression Pedal A Pedal which can be connected to an expression input and
used to send a control signal dependant on the position of the pedal. The control
signal can then be used to modulate other parameters, and/or to add expression.
Fader A physical linear control also known as a slider, or slide potentiometer
which can be used to adjust a parameter.
Feedback: A loop created between an audio input and an audio output of an
audio circuit, system or processing block.
Filter A device that attenuate certain frequencies while letting other frequencies
through. Using a fi lter to reduce harmonics changes the timbre or color of the
sound.
Flanger An eff ect that mixes a slightly delayed copy of the signal with the
original signal, producing a linear harmonic comb fi lter response. The copy's
delay time is modulated by an LFO which results in jet-like sounds suitable for
sweeps, and can also be used to add metallic type resonance to a sound.
Frequency Modulation (FM) Using one frequency to modulate another
frequencies pitch. When the modulation source is in the audio range it can be
perceived as a change in the timbre or color of the sound. FM can be used to
create a wide range of rich and complex sounds and is often described as having
a clear and distinctive timbre.
Frequency: The number of times that a sound waves cycle repeats within
one second.
Fundamental Frequency The lowest frequency of a periodic waveform.
Gain The amount of signal level increase provided by an amplifi er stage.
Gate (Synthesizer) A signal used to trigger an event, such as a note or an
envelope.
Gate (Dynamics) A device used to cut off the level of a signal when it falls
below a specifi ed threshold. Can be used to cut background noise, control reverb
tails or creatively to produce chopping type eff ects.
Glide - See Portamento
Globals The settings and parameters which govern the general operation of the
synthesizer and are not directly associated with the voice engines
Harmonics A series of integer-related sine waves at varying levels creating
diff erent timbres. Waveforms (other than a pure sinusoidal) generate various
harmonics which help defi ne the character of the sound.
Hertz (Hz) A unit of frequency equal to one cycle of a sound wave per second.
High Pass Filter (HPF) A fi lter that attenuates lower frequencies from a signal,
leaving the higher frequencies unaff ected.
Hum Undesirable low frequency tone present in a signal due to grounding
problems or proximity to a power source.
Impedance (Z) Opposition to the fl ow of alternating current in a circuit,
measured in ohms.
Insert A point in a processing chain where a device can be inserted.
Keyboard A range of keys, arranged in order of ascending pitch, which enables
the synthesizer to be played by hand.
Keyboard Tracking Allows the control signal from played keys to adjust another
parameter. Commonly used to open a fi lter as higher notes are played which then
enhances harmonics.
Kilohertz (kHz): A unit of frequency equal to one thousand cycles of a sound
wave per second.
Latency: A delay introduced by processing. Measured by the time is takes to
produce a signal after a request has been made. In a synthesizer it is the time
taken to produce a note after a key has been played. In an audio interface it is
used to measure the time it takes for an input signal to reach the processor, or for
a signal from the processor to reach the output.
Level Used to describe the magnitude of a sound, often relative to an arbitrary
reference.
Limiter A device used to limit the level to a range of values irrespective of the
input level.
Linear Used in audio to describe a straight line response of circuit or process
which results in a change which is directly proportional to an independent
variable.
Line Level A nominal operating level used by audio equipment. Professional
line level is normally +4 dBu and consumer line level is -10 dBv.
Looping Automatically restarting a function at the end of a period of time or
defi ned cycle to create a continuous loop.
Low Frequency Oscillator (LFO) An oscillator that commonly runs at a very low
speed and is used to modulate another parameter.
Low Pass Filter (LPF) A fi lter that attenuates higher frequencies from a signal,
leaving the lower frequencies unaff ected
Mark to Space Ratio The ratio between the positive and negative parts of a
rectangular waveform, or pulsewave.
Memory Digital storage of information/data.