Dalsa P-2 Series User Manual
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Dalsa P-2 Series User Manual

Pirahna 2 series line scan ccd cameras
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P-2x-xxx40, P2-4x-xxx40, P2-2x-xxx30
Camera User's Manual
Printed 3/29/2006 9:03:00 AM
29-Mar-06
03-32-00493-11
www.dalsa.com

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  • Page 1 P-2x-xxx40, P2-4x-xxx40, P2-2x-xxx30 Camera User’s Manual Printed 3/29/2006 9:03:00 AM 29-Mar-06 03-32-00493-11 www.dalsa.com...
  • Page 2 Piranha2 User’s Manual © 2006 DALSA. All information provided in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable. No responsibility is assumed by DALSA for its use. DALSA reserves the right to make changes to this information without notice. Reproduction of this manual in whole or in part, by any means, is prohibited without prior permission having been obtained from DALSA.

  • Page 3: Table Of Contents

    3.12 Optimizing Offset Performance ..........................31 3.13 Setting Gains ................................34 3.14 How to Calibrate the Camera ............................35 3.15 Setting and Reading FPN Coefficients........................38 3.16 Setting and Reading PRNU Coefficients ........................39 3.17 Generating Test Patterns............................39 3.18 Monitoring the Camera .............................40 3.19 Rebooting the Camera...............................41 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 4 C1 Protocol Overview.................................63 C2 Protocol Features................................63 C3 Command Format and Examples ..........................63 C4 Networking Mode .................................64 C5 Error Handling................................67 C6 Camera Parameter Screen............................70 C7 Commands..................................73 DC Offset De-rating Curve _________________________________________________ 79 Revision History ________________________________________________________ 81 Index _______________________________________________________________ 83 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 5: Introduction To The Piranha2 Line Scan Camera

    • 2x30MHz dual output data rate with 30MHz model • 8 or 10-bit output from 10-bit digitization • 1024, 2048, and 4096 pixels, 10µm x 10µm, and 4096, 6144 and 8192 pixels, 7µm x 7µm, 100% fill factor 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 6 The Piranha2 is ideal for applications requiring high speed, superior image quality, and high responsivity. Applications include: • Electronics manufacturing inspection • Postal/parcel sorting • High performance document scanning/image lift • Narrow and large web inspection • High-end industrial inspection 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 7: Image Sensors

    N = 1024 or 2048 CR1B, CR2B, CRLAS T VS S Relative pos ition of package P in 1 Figure 2: IT-P1 4k Image Sensor (2k, 4k (10 µm), 4 tap models) Relative position of package Pin 1 N=2048 or 4096 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 8: Camera Performance Specifications

    1kHz. At low line rates, dark current can become a significant source of noise and appears in specifications such as FPN, PRNU and noise. If you operate the camera at faster line rates, such as 10kHz or greater, the amount of dark current will be reduced by 10x or greater. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 9 49.6 65.3 2048, 2 o/p 35.4 2048, 4 o/p 4096, 2 o/p 18.5 4096, 4 o/p 36.2 6144, 2 o/p 12.3 6144, 4 o/p 24.4 8192, 2 o/p 7.15 8192, 4 o/p 18.6 Temperature Front plate Temperature °C 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 10 Note that the environment conditions represent the state of the environment when the camera was being tested. Typical results are the average values obtained with at a 1kHz line rate and 30°C. Maximum results represent the worst case results from any camera operating at 50°C with a 1kHz line rate. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 11 Due to FPN/PRNU correction calculations, certain digital numbers will be unavailable when outputting 10 bits with FPN/PRNU correction. Measured at front plate. The corresponding ambient temperature range with still air is 0°C - 37°C. Measurements taken at maximum line rates. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 12 Piranha2 User’s Manual Exposure control enabled to set the maximum integration time to 200 microseconds. Refer to Appendix D for DC Offset de-rating curves. Figure 5: P2 Responsivity Responsivity, Nominal Gain 10µm pixels 7µm pixels 400 500 1000 Wavelength (nm) 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 13: Camera Hardware Interface

    Camera Link™ (4Tap model only) Diagnostic LED (S ee section 3.18) +12V to +15V and Ground WARNING: It is extremely important that you apply the appropriate voltages to your camera. Incorrect voltages will damage the camera. See section 2.4 for more details. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 14: Connectors, Pinouts, And Cables

    PAIR9- Zclk- PAIR10- Zclk+ PAIR10+ PAIR11+ PAIR11- inner shield Inner Shield inner shield Inner Shield *Exterior Overshield is connected to the shells of the connectors on both ends. **3M part 14X26-SZLB-XXX-0LC is a complete cable assembly, including connectors. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 15 Configuration EXSYNC 9, 22 PRIN 10, 23 Spare 11, 24 Spare 12, 25 See Appendix B for the complete DALSA Camera Link configuration table, and refer to the DALSA Web site, vfm.dalsa.com, for the official Camera Link documents. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 16: Power Supplies

    Incorrect voltages will damage the camera. Protect the camera with a fast-blow fuse between power supply and camera. Visit http://vfm.dalsa.com for a list of companies that make power supplies that meet the camera’s requirements. The companies listed should not be considered the only choices.

  • Page 17: Data Bus, Camera Link

    These signals indicate when data is valid, allowing you to clock the data from the camera to your acquisition system. These signals are part of the Camera Link configuration and you should refer to the DALSA Camera Link Implementation Road Map, available at vfm.dalsa.com, for the standard location of these signals:...
  • Page 18 (AGC) Pixels below threshold LSB Pixels below threshold Derivative line sum LSB Use these values to focus the camera. Generally, the greater the sum the greater the Derivative line sum Mid image contrast Derivative line sum MSB 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 19: Timing

    Piranha2 User’s Manual 2.7 Timing Figure 6. Piranha2 Overview Timing Showing Input and Output Relationships Figure 7. Piranha2 Fixed (Programmed) Integration Timing with External EXSYNC 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 20 Applies when the PRIN exposure control feature is enabled . The PRIN signal must be held a minimum time after the EXSYNC falling edge to avoid losing the integrated charge 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 21 If the fixed integration time mode of operation is available and selected then the integration time is added to the specified value. twFixed Int. Fixed Integration Time mode of operation – for variable exsync frequency. 2,000 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 22: Camera Link Serial Communication

    2.8 Camera Link Serial Communication Camera features can be controlled through the Camera Link™ serial communication (LVDS, 9600 baud). The serial interface uses simple ASCII-based protocol. The following chapter describes how to configure the camera using the serial interface. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 23: Software Interface: How To Control The Camera

    To generate this list, send the command to the camera. Retrieving Camera Settings To read current camera settings, send the command . For an explanation of the camera parameter screen, see section C6 Camera Parameter Screen on page 70. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 24: Command Format

    For example, the analog gain value can be set to –5db in calibrated mode and 6dB in uncalibrated mode. When switching between calibrated and uncalibrated modes, the camera automatically uses the corresponding value. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 25: Startup

    To save all current pixel coefficients to EEROM, use the command • To restore the last saved user settings and the FPN and PRNU coefficients, use the command Factory Settings User Settings / EEROM restore write / restore Current Session 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 26: Setting Baud Rate

    8-bit, using A/B/C/D ports for single processor configuration 10-bit, using A/B/C and D/E/F for single processor configuration 8-bit using ports A/B and D/E for dual processor configuration 10-bit, using A/B/C and D/E/F for dual processor configuration To obtain the current data mode, use the command 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 27: Setting The Video Mode

    To select how you want the camera’s line rate to be generated: You must first set the camera mode using the command. Refer to Setting the Exposure Mode on the following page for details. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 28: Setting The Exposure Mode

    • Notes: To read the current line rate frequency, use the command gcp. • If you enter an invalid line rate frequency, the valid range of values will be displayed. Related Commands: sem, set Example: ssf 3000 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 29: Setting A Region Of Interest

    The camera’s microcontroller has the ability to read video data. This functionality can be used to verify camera operation and to perform basic testing without having to connect the camera to a frame grabber. This information is also used for collecting line statistics for calibrating the camera. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 30: Returning A Single Line Of Video

    You can also return the average for multiple lines of video data. The number of lines to sample is set and adjusted by the command. The camera displays the Min., Max., and Mean statistics. If you are using a region of interest, the camera displays the statistics for the region of interest only. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 31: Optimizing Offset Performance

    10 20 3.12 Optimizing Offset Performance Optimizing offset performance in the analog domain allows you to achieve a better signal-to-noise ratio (dynamic range) than you would achieve by trying to optimize the offset in the digital domain. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 32 When subtracting a digital value from the digital video signal the output can no longer reach its maximum. Use the ssg command to correct for this. See section 3.13 Setting Gains for details on the ssg command. Example: ssb 0 20 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 33 8 bit: 1 to 100DN 10 bit: 4 to 400DN See section 3.11 Returning Video Information for more information on line averages Notes: This command sets offset in uncalibrated mode (svm 0). Example: cao 0 100 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 34: Setting Gains

    Note: This function requires a constant light input while it executes. This feature is beneficial for achieving a common output level for multiple cameras in a system. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 35: How To Calibrate The Camera

    The calibration algorithm is performed in two steps. The fixed offset (FPN) is determined first by performing a calibration without any light. This calibration determines exactly how much offset to subtract per pixel in order to obtain flat output when the CCD is not exposed. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 36 PRNU procedure. We recommend that you repeat the calibration when a temperature change greater than 10°C occurs. Dark Calibration Dark calibration is used to remove the fixed analog offset from the video path. It is recommended you repeat the calibration when a temperature change greater than 10°C occurs. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 37 2x, the camera will not be able to compensate for extremely non-uniform light. These restrictions are all tested within the calibration algorithm and the camera will report an informal message code if any of these conditions could not be met. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 38: Setting And Reading Fpn Coefficients

    You can set or read an individual pixel’s FPN coefficient. To set the FPN coefficient, use the command: Syntax: sfc i i Syntax Elements: The pixel number from 1 to the pixel count. Coefficient value in a range from 0 to 127. Example: sfc 10 50 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 39: Setting And Reading Prnu Coefficients

    "aa", "55", "aa", "line counter", "line average", "pixels above threshold", "pixels below threshold", "derivative line sum". To activate the end-of-line sequence, use the command . To disable the end-of-line sequence, use the els 1 command els 0 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 40: Monitoring The Camera

    Monitors presence of external SYNC External PRIN presence Monitors presence of external PRIN Gain Out Of Spec Monitors current setting of analog Monitoring gain Line Rate Bellow 1 Khz Monitors current line rate Value Function Disable selected task Enable selected task 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 41: Rebooting The Camera

    Previously saved pixel coefficients are also restored. 3.20 Setting the Pre-trigger A pre-trigger may be required for some frame grabbers. To set the pre-trigger, use the command: Syntax: sp i Syntax Elements: Pretrigger value from 0 to 15. Example: sp 10 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 42 Piranha2 User’s Manual 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 43: Optical, Mechanical, And Thermal Considerations

    ±10°C. Note: Upon initial power-up the front plate camera temperature is near ambient. It is recommended to perform flat-field correction once the camera gets within 10°C of its 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 44 Convection is the ideal method to minimize camera warm-up times and reduce dark current generation. Both methods— either conduction through heat sinking, or convection through air flow— greatly reduce dark current and will improve your system performance. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 45 (24.9) 46.81 (49.3) (41.6) (53.8) 78.0 (2X) 78.0 (2X) (2X) 8 5.0 M3x0.5 x 5.0 (4X) 6.0 (4X) CAMERA ASSEMBLY WITH 7.5 (2X) CAMERA ASSEMBLY WITH 70.0 (2X) F-MOUNT LENS ADAPTER C-MOUNT LENS ADAPTER SCALE (1:2) SCALE (1:2) 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 46 M3x0.5 - 6H POWER 42.50±0.18 13.0 5.0 DEEP PIXEL 1 7.5 (2X) 61.0 (2X) (4X) 16.0 10.0 22.9 6.56±0.25 (2X) OPTICAL DISTANCE 3.5 (2X) (ACTIVE AREA TO FRONT 69.0 (2X) PLATE MOUNT SURFACE) M3x0.5 - 6H 6.0 DEEP (4X) 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 47: Optical Interface

    Factors include the nature, speed, and spectral characteristics of objects being imaged, exposure times, light source characteristics, environmental and acquisition system specifics, and more. DALSA’s web site, vfm.dalsa.com, provides an introduction to this potentially complicated issue. See “Radiometry and Photo Responsivity”...

  • Page 48: Light Sources

    LED light sources are relatively inexpensive, provide a uniform field, and longer life span compared to other light sources. However, they also require a camera with excellent sensitivity, such as DALSA’s Piranha2 camera. • Halogen light sources generally provide very little blue relative to IR.

  • Page 49: Compliance

    EN 61000-4-4; 500V, 1100V:1995 Follow these specific guidelines to ensure best performance: • Keep Camera Link cables as short as possible. • Ensure that all cable shields have 360° electrical connection to the connector. • Fasten and secure all connectors. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 50 Piranha2 User’s Manual 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 51: Ccd Handling Instructions

    Dust can normally be removed by blowing the window surface using a compressed air blower, unless the dust particles are being held by an electrostatic charge, in which case either an ionized air blower or wet cleaning is necessary. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 52: Cleaning The Sensor Window

    5. Wipe the window carefully and slowly. 6. When cleaning long linear sensors, it may be easier to wipe along the width (i.e. as opposed to the length) of the sensor. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 53: Troubleshooting

    2 (5kHz line rate, and internal Sync to trigger readout). After a user has saved settings, the camera powers up with the saved settings. Note, a warning appears when switching to exposure mode requiring external signals if external signals are not present (EXSYNC or PRIN). 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 54: Troubleshooting Using The Serial Interface

    The test pattern is a ramp from 0 to 255DN, then starts svm 2 at 0 again. Use the test pattern to verify the proper timing and connections between the camera and the frame grabber. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 55: Verify Voltage

    The camera enters a warning state when any of the camera's continuously running monitoring tasks detects a failure. Use the command to display the status of all the defined monitory tasks (if no parameter is passed) and/or to enable/disable specific monitoring tasks. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 56: Specific Solutions

    8. Blow off any adhering fibers or particles using dry, filtered compressed air. Stuck Bits If data bits seem to be stuck or do not change, check that the camera is not saturated by preventing light from entering. To verify the data path integrity, check the levels of the 2 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 57: Horizontal Lines Or Patterns In Image

    If you have verified that your exposure time is consistent and patterns of low frequency intensity variations still occur, ensure that you are using a DC or high frequency light source. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 58: Product Support

    Results when you run the get_camera_parameter command Detailed description of problem please attach description with as much detail as appropriate encountered. In addition to your local DALSA representative, you may need to call DALSA Technical Sales Support: North America Europe Asia 519-886-6000...

  • Page 59: Camera Link™ Reference

    The Channel Link technology is integral to the transmission of video data. Image data and image enable signals are transmitted on the Channel Link bus. Four enable signals are defined as: • FVAL—Frame Valid (FVAL) is defined HIGH for valid lines. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 60: Camera Control Signals

    The software API will provide functions to enumerate boards and send or receive a character string. See Appendix B in the Official Camera Link specification on the vfm.dalsa.com web site. Power Power will not be provided on the Camera Link connector. The camera will receive power through a separate cable.

  • Page 61: Emc Declaration Of Conformity

    73/23/EEC and the EMC Directive 89/336/EEC and carries the CE mark accordingly. Place of Issue Waterloo, ON, CANADA Date of Issue October 2003 Name and Signature Hank Helmond Quality Manager, DALSA Corp. of authorized person This Declaration corresponds to EN 45 014. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 62 Piranha2 User’s Manual 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 63: Communications Protocol

    = pixel start and stop values • The camera will answer each command with either "OK >" or "Error x: Error Message >". The ">" is always the last character sent by the camera. Command Format command_long/short_form [parameters…] CR 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 64: C4 Networking Mode

    To change the ID of a networked camera, even if some or all of the cameras share the same camera ID, provide the serial number of the camera as the second parameter when sending the broadcast version of the command. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 65 Both the READY and BUSY reply consist of six characters: Carriage Return (CR), Line Feed (LF), and the network ID of the queried camera, followed by a space and either the BUSY code "0", or the READY code "1" and the prompt character ">". 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 66 Example: reading status from camera ID "a" :a gps Enabling/Disabling Non-Command Messages in the Network Environment To enable/disable camera messages unrelated to the executed command, such as initialization and monitoring task messages, use the command snm i Value Function Enable messages, default Disable messages 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 67: C5 Error Handling

    2 current exposure mode (ssf and set) and in mode 6 (set) Command available in ccf, ccp CALIBRATED mode only Command available in cao, cag UNCALIBRATED mode only Command not available in sao, sg VIDEO TEST mode 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 68 Product Support if this error code is returned. Camera settings not saved rus, rfs attempted but settings were not saved. Contact your DALSA representative or Product Support if this error code is returned. Pixel coefficients write failure Failure while writing pixel coefficients to...
  • Page 69 INFO: Coefficient may be Insufficient analog offset or too much gain inaccurate. A/D clipping has for given light. occured. Monitoring Task Message Codes Code Description Suggested Cause WARNING: One or more At least one of voltages is out of 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 70: C6 Camera Parameter Screen

    Network Message Mode: disabled messages are enabled or disabled. Set with the snm command. See C4 Networking Mode for details. Firmware design revision Firmware Design Rev.: xx-xx-xxxxx-xx number. DSP design revision DSP Design Rev.: xx.xx number. SETTINGS FOR UNCALIBRATED MODE: 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 71 0 0 0 0 the sdo command. Available only in calibrated mode (svm 0). See section 3.12 Optimizing Offset Performance for details. Calibration status will Calibration Status: FPN(uncalibrated) change to calibrated PRNU(uncalibrated) after a ccf or ccp command has been issued 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 72 Mode for details. Current exposure mode value Exposure Mode: set with the sem command. See section 3.9 Setting Line Rate and Exposure Mode for details. Current line rate. Value is set SYNC Frequency: 5000 (4998.51) with the ssf command. See 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 73: C7 Commands

    Calibrates the analog offset. The first parameter is the tap selection 1 to 4, 0 for all taps. The second parameter is a line average in a range from 1 to 100DN for 8-bit mode and 4 to 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 74 Optional pixel start and end values in a range from 1 to sensor pixel count. get_line_average Read the average of line [i] [i] samples. Use css to set sample size. Optional pixel 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 75 9600, 19200, 57600, and 115200. Default baud: 9600 set_camera_id Set camera ID. The first s [s] parameter is a character A to Z, or 0 to 9. The second optional parameter is the serial number of the addressed camera. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 76 0 to 127. set_gain Set the analog gain. The first parameter is the tap selection 1 to 4, 0 for all taps. The second parameter is a gain value specified from –10 to 10. A 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 77 0 to 255 in 8-bit data modes, and 0 to 1023 in 10-bit. set_video_mode Switch between calibrated and uncalibrated modes: 0: Uncalibrated video, deactivate video correction 1: Calibrated video, activated correction 2: Test pattern verify_temperature Check the internal 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 78 []= optional the second parameter parameter enables/disable the selected task. write_pixel_coeffs Write all current pixel coefficients to EEROM. write_user_settings Write all of the user settings to EEROM except pixel coefficients which are written using the wpc command. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 79: Dc Offset De-Rating Curve

    For example, cao 0 30 • Adding cooling to reduce temperature. Refer to the Thermal Management section on page 43 for more information. • Operating the camera at higher line rate and averaging or discarding the extra lines 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 80 800 usec 700 usec 600 usec 500 usec 400 usec Limit 15.5 27.5 36.5 65.5 Camera internal Temperature C Notes: • Camera ambient temperature is approximately 15°C less than the internal camera temperature. • Camera gain is 10dB 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 81: Revision History

    Updated drawing in section 2.2. LED was referenced to section D13 which no longer exists. It is now referenced to section 3.18. In section 3.16, page 39, and Appendix B, All Available Commands table, added equation for determining the PRNU coefficient for the spc command. 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 82 Added Figure 1: IL-P1 Image Sensor (1k, 2k, 4k (10 µm), 2 tap models) to Chapter 4, Mechanical Interface Updated z tolerance from .18mm to .25mm in table 1 and Lens Mount table (page 47). 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

  • Page 83: Index

    30MHz model, 5, 9 EIA-644 Reference, 59 40MHz model, 5, 9 EMC compliance, 49 EMC Declaration of Conformity, 61 end of line sequence, 18 about DALSA, 2 generating, 39 applications, 6 environmental considerations, error handling, 67 error messages, 40 baud rate, 26...
  • Page 84 56 measurement, 41 recommendations, 40 test patterns, 18 generating, 39, 54 timing offset fixed (programmed), 19 analog, 32 input and output, 19 calibrating, 33 troubleshooting, 53 optimizing, 31, 70, 71 subtracting, 32 online help, 23 operating requirements, 8 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...
  • Page 85 Piranha2 User’s Manual video data, 30, 59 warning messages, 40 voltage white light calibration, 37 measurement, 41 03-32-00493-11 DALSA...

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