AVM FRITZ!Box 6360 Cable Installation, Configuration And Operation page 152

Glossary
NAT
abbreviation for Network Address Translation
NAT is a technique used within IPv4 networks. NAT is used in
routers to replace the address information in data packets
with new address information. A typical application for NAT is
routers that connect local networks with the Internet. In local
networks, every network device has a private IP address,
while generally there is only one public IP address available
for the Internet. To grant the network devices access to the In-
ternet, the router replaces the private IP address of the send-
er with its own public IP address in all outgoing data packets.
The router saves all necessary information in a table so that
incoming data packets can then be assigned to the correct
network device.
Outside Dialing Prefix
For outside dialing from a telephone system, often the tele-
phone number must be prefixed with a "0".
In order to establish a call with another telephone line on a
telephone system, first dial the outside dialing prefix and
then the external number. If no outside dialing prefix is
dialed, the call will be placed within the telephone system.
If automatic outside dialing is enabled on the telephone sys-
tem, the outside dialing prefix is automatically dialed before
the telephone number.
Port
So that a single network connection on a PC can be used by
multiple applications to exchange data with remote sites at
the same time, a PC administers what are known as ports for
the IP-based protocols TCP and UDP. Ports substantiate the
point of access for the data packets delivered via the IP Inter-
net protocol. While the IP address determines the destination
computer quite generally, the port addresses the communica-
tion interface provided by an application for a certain commu-
nication procedure.
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